Key Indicators on the competitiveness of the EU S automotive Industry 1

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1 MEMO/5/7 Brussels, 13 January 25 Key Indicators on the competitiveness of the EU S automotive Industry 1 Table of contents Part 1: Comparison EU, U.S. and Japan 1. Value added Page 2 2. Employment Page 3 3. Labour productivity levels and growth Page 3 4. Labour Costs Page 4 5. Production trends Page 5 6. External trade performance Page 6 7. Investment Page 8 8. R&D Page 9 9. Access to markets (market shares) Page 1 1. Profitability Page Restructuring in the European, U.S. and Japanese car industry Page 11 Part 2: Comparison old versus new EU Member States Page 12 1 All data from the European Competitiveness report 24, unless otherwise indicated.

2 PART 1: Comparison EU, U.S. and Japan 1. Value added Value added motor vehicle industry (as % of value added in total manufacturing) The above graphic in figures: % EU US Japan Total value added in motor vehicle industry (in Million Euro) EU US Japan EU-15 USA Japan The above graphic in figures: Million Euro % 2-22 EU % USA % Japan %

3 2. Employment Employment in motor vehicle industry (in Thousands) EU-15 USA Japan The above graphic in figures Thousands % 2-22 EU % USA % Japan % Labour productivity relative to the US level 3. Labour productivity levels and growth US=1 Based on Automotive Unit Values Based on expenditure PPPs EU Korea Japan USA

4 4. Labour Costs International comparison of hourly labour costs (in PPP $; current values) Korea Japan USA EU Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Portugal Spain Sweden UK Difference between growth rates of value added per hour and hourly labour costs Korea Japan USA EU

5 5. Production trends Global vehicle production (in%) America Asia-Oceania Europe Source: OICA The above graphic in figures: in % America Asia-Oceania Europe % 28,82% 36,71% 23 3,1% 36,25% 33,% Forecast light vehicle production (in thousand) US Japan Europe Source: Global Insight, March 24

6 The above graphic in figures: in thousand % US 12275, , ,3 +,84% Japan 9453,9 9234,2 9168,9-3,2% Europe 18625, , ,8 +7,34% Global vehicle production by manufacturer (Cars and Trucks) Output per units General Motors Ford Motor Co Toyota Motor Co Volkswagen AG DaimlerChrysler AG PSA/Peugeot-Citroen SA Hyundai Motor Co Honda Motor Co Nissan Motor Co Renault SA External trade performance Automotive products exports and imports of OECD countries (Year 21 in billion US$) Exports (*) Total OECD EU - 15 Japan US Poland/Czech Republic/Slovaki a/hungary (*) EU -15 (figure includes 85 billion US$ outside EU-15) 2 includes Holden, Opel, Vauxhall and Saab. 3 includes Aston Martin, Jaguar, Land Rover and Volvo Car Corp. 4 includes Daihatsu and Hino. 5 includes Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Rolls-Royce, Skoda, Seat and Volkswagen. 6 includes Chrysler group, Freightliner, Mercedes-Benz, Setra, Smart, Sterling, Thomas Built Buses and Western Star. 7 includes Hyundai Motors and Kia Motors. 8 includes Dacia and Samsung Motors.

7 Imports (**) Total OECD EU - 15 Japan US Poland/Czech Republic/Slovaki a/hungary (**) EU -15 (figure includes 46 billion US$ outside EU-15 The above graphics in figures: Year 21 Total in billion OECD US$ Exports (85 outside EU- 15) Imports (46 outside EU- 15) EU-15 Japan US Poland/ Czech Republic/Slovakia/ Hungary 8,8 56,7 13,6 9,

8 Motor vehicle exports/imports EU-15 in value (in million Euro) Exports Imports Net Source: ACEA The above graphic in figures: EU (in million EUR) Exports Imports Net Investment levels in the motor vehicle industry 7. Investment in million Euro EU Japan n/a US n/a

9 8. R&D R&D expenditure in the motor vehicle industry (as % of total motor vehicle industry expenditure) 1995 EU-15 US Japan The above graphic in figures: as % of total motor EU-15 US Japan vehicle industry expenditure % 45% 21% 2 38% 42% 2% R&D expenditure in the motor vehicle industry 1995 and 2 in % of total manufacturing EPO Automotive Patents Applications 25% Automotive Related Patents 6 2% 15% 1% % 1 % United States Japan EU EU25 JP US others

10 9. Access to markets (market shares) World market shares in % for EU-15, USA and Japan 1. Profitability Estimated Operating Margin by Region 1991 and Asia N. America Europe -3.% -2.% -1.%.% 1.% 2.% 3.% 4.% 5.% 6.% 7.% Source: Deutsche Bank estimates and company f

11 11. Restructuring in the European, U.S. and Japanese car industry Restructuring in the European, U.S. and Japanese car industry Abarth Alfa Romeo Alpine AMC Aston-Martin BLMC BMW Chrysler Citroen Daimler-Benz de Tomaso Fiat Ford Fuji H.I. GM Honda Innocenti Isuzu Lamborghini Lotus Maserati Mazda Mitsubishi Nissan Peugeot Porsche Prince Renault Rolls-Royce Saab Seat Simca / Chrysler Suzuki Toyota Volvo VW 198 Alfa Romeo AMC Aston-Martin BL BMW Chrysler Daimler-Benz de Tomaso Fiat Ford Fuji H.I. GM Honda Isuzu Lamborghini Lotus Mazda Mitsubishi Nissan PSA Porsche Renault Rolls-Royce Saab Seat Suzuki Talbot / Matra Toyota Volvo VW 199 BMW Chrysler Daewoo Daimler-Benz Fiat Ford Fuji H.I. GM Honda Hyundai Isuzu Mitsubishi Nissan PSA Porsche Renault Rolls-Royce Rover Suzuki Toyota Volvo VW 23 BMW Daewoo DaimlerChrysler Fiat Ford GM Honda Hyundai PSA Porsche Renault / Nissan Rover Toyota VW 9 Producers from China, India and Russia are not included, given the lack of comparable historical information.

12 New Member States 1 PART 2: Comparison old versus new EU Member States Employment(in thousand) in automotive industry in selected new Member States CZ 57,5 62,3 67,9 69,1 78,5 84,5 87, EE 1,9 1,8 1,6 1,3 1,3 1,5 - HU 24,7 29,2 33,2 32,1 33,2 36,1 36,1 LV 2,2 1,5,6,6,4,6 - LT 2,6 2,1,9,5,4,3 - PL 1,5 15,1 17,9 1,1 96,5 86,1 78, SK 13,3 13,7 14,1 14,2 14,7 15,8 18,2 SI 7,7 7,3 7,6 7, 6,6 6,9 7, Source: Background Report to European Competitiveness Report 24 Industrial production index for the automotive industry in selected new Member States (at constant prices 1999, national currency; 1995 = 1) Source: Background Report to European Competitiveness Report 24 1 (all figures from European Competitiveness Report 24, unless otherwise indicated)

Inward foreign direct investment stock per employee in selected new Member States (21/22) Labour productivity (21) in automotive industry in selected new Member States as percentage of

13 Inward foreign direct investment stock per employee in selected new Member States (21/22) Labour productivity (21) in automotive industry in selected new Member States as percentage of EU-15 (=1) CZ EE HU LV LT PL SK SI Unit labour costs (21) in automotive industry in selected new Member States as percentage of EU-15 (=1) CZ EE HU LV LT PL SK SI

Winners & Losers by Market - April 2017 vs April 2016

Winners & Losers by Market - April 2017 vs April 2016 Countries April 17/16 % Chg CROATIA +29,6 1 PORTUGAL +17,8 2 POLAND +14,4 BULGARIA +14,1 LITHUANIA +10,7 SLOVENIA +9,7 HUNGARY +7,7 ROMANIA +7,5 NETHERLANDS +6,3 ESTONIA +4,3 SPAIN +1,1 SLOVAKIA -0,1 CZECH