Safety Initiatives. Basic Approach to Safety. Initiatives in Vehicles. Mazda Proactive Safety: Mazda s Safety Philosophy

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1 Safety Initiatives Mazda aims to achieve a safe and accident-free automotive society from the three viewpoints of vehicles, people, and roads and infrastructure. Basic Approach to Safety Aiming to achieve a safe and accident-free automotive society from the three viewpoints of vehicles, people, roads and infrastructure, Mazda is promoting safety initiatives. a Initiatives in Vehicles a Three Viewpoints of Safety Initiatives In March 2007, Mazda announced its long-term vision for technology development: Sustainable Zoom-Zoom. The basic policy of the vision is to provide all customers who purchase Mazda vehicles with driving pleasure as well as outstanding environmental and safety performance. In the safety aspect, Mazda promotes initiatives under the philosophy below. In FY March 2014, Mazda s safety performance of the vehicles earned the highest rating globally. (see p.163) b Mazda Proactive Safety: Mazda s Safety Philosophy Educating people about safety People Vehicles Developing and commercializing safe vehicles Roads and infrastructure Participating in efforts to improve traffic environments Mazda's safety philosophy, which guides the research and development of safety technologies, is based on understanding, respecting and trusting the driver. To drive safely it is essential to recognize potential hazards, exercise good judgment and operate the vehicle in an appropriate fashion. Mazda aims to support these essential functions so that drivers can drive safely and with peace of mind, despite changing driving conditions. Since drivers are human beings, and human beings are fallible, Mazda offers a range of technologies which help to prevent or reduce the damage resulting from an accident. b Safety performance evaluations (As of July 31, 2014) Japan US Europe JNCAP *1 Five-Star Award US NCAP *2 5-Star IIHS *3 Top Safety Pick+ Euro NCAP *4 5-Star CX-5 FY March model year Atenza/ Mazda6 FY March model year New Axela/ Mazda3 (Not evaluated) 2015 model year *1 Japan New Car Assessment Program: Vehicle collision safety performance evaluations conducted by the National Agency of Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid. The highest possible safety rating: :Five Star Award *2 2National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's 5-Star Safety Ratings program. The highest possible safety rating: :5-Star *3 Insurance Institute for Highway Safety: Collision safety performance evaluations by an independent, nonprofit organization funded by auto insurers. The highest possible safety rating: :Top Safety Pick + (Plus) *4 European New Car Assessment Programme: An independent agency comprised of the transport authorities of European countries, etc. It has awarded automotive crash safety ratings since The highest possible safety rating:: 5-Star Technologies that Satisfy both Safety and Driving Pleasure To help promote safe driving with a comfortable field of vision and operation while driving, the CX-5, the Atenza/Mazda6, and the new Axela/Mazda3 are equipped with the functions and features below. These features will be introduced in upcoming new models. 40

2 Ideal Driving Position As for the layout of major driving operation devices, including the pedals and the steering wheel, which are interface between man and vehicle, are located in an ideal driving position for a driver with easy to operate and not be tired. The driving position is designed based on the theory of the comfortable joint-link angle, the joint angle at which the driver of any physical type can exert strength quickly and properly. One such example is New Demio/ Mazda2 equipped with a telescopic steering wheel as standard equipment, which is a rare case in the segment of compact car. c c Image of comfortable joint-link angle TOPICS Industry-academia collaboration pursuing the comfortable jointlink angle, to create vehicles that are comfortable and do not tire the driver during driving To offer a safe and comfortable driving environment, Mazda focuses on an ergonomics-based approach. In determining the comfortable joint-link angle common to many drivers, Mazda developed a special driving tester simulating an actual vehicle, with which the myoelectric measurement data of many human bodies of different height and build were accumulated to develop the concept of comfortable driving postures and operation devices. The analysis of enormous amounts of data has led based on joint research with Human Motion Analysis of Hiroshima University. This concept is reflected in the CX-5 launched in 2012 and subsequent Mazda models. d Visible angle expanded by moving A-pillar backward Excellent visibility Mazda considers it important to secure a good visibility that enables the driver to quickly recognize his/her surroundings, such as road environment, other vehicles, obstacles, and pedestrians including children and take proper action. The A-pillar was placed about 100 mm backward from its position in the previous model to expand the visible angle from the front seat by 1.8 degrees to both the right and the left. Moreover, to expand the vision through the door mirror so as to improve the visibility of pedestrians and obstacles, door mirrors are installed on the outer door board in a lower position. Visibility for children is specially cared (see p. 45). d New-generation HMI (Human Machine Interface) *2 The thorough human-oriented cockpit design enables the driver to concentrate during driving, thereby minimizing three factors that cause careless driving: inattentive looking, inattentive thinking, operation in an unstable position. HMI concept Heads-Up Cockpit The Heads-Up Cockpit adopted for the new Axela/Mazda3 and subsequent models is designed to ensure that various information communication functions are used safely and comfortably. Aiming at helping the driver concentrate on driving safely in a correct posture while dealing with many kinds of information, this HMI concept has achieved minimum visual distraction and posture change. Simple cockpit with information sorted and placed in different zones A 7-inch center display installed on the dashboard, enabling the driver to view it without lowering his/her eyes (1) Commander control pursuing operation that does not require a visible check of the driver s hand movements (2) Active driving display to present vehicle speed, navigation route and other information as an image in front of the meter hood (3) e A voice-recognition system to control the functions by voice is also available. Previous Mazda3 New Mazda3 A-pillar Comparison of door mirror positions A Vehicle e Heads-Up Cockpit Comfort and conveniencerelated information Driving-related information *1 A mechanism to move the steering wheel back and forth *2 HMI: Human Machine Interface, referring collectively to the equipment and mechanisms to facilitate transmission of various information between the driver and the vehicle 41

3 Advanced Safety Technologies, i-activsense Mazda's i-activsense is an umbrella term covering a series of advanced safety technologies, developed in line with Mazda Proactive Safety. They includes active safety technologies that support safe driving by helping the driver to recognize potential hazards, and pre-crash safety technologies which help to avert collisions or reduce their severity in situations where they cannot be avoided. i-activsense technologies Milliwave radar (76GHz) MRCC/FOW/SBS f MRCC activation image g FOW and SBS activation image Approaching front vehicle Alert Near-infrared laser SCBS/Acceleration Control for AT Camera (visible wavelength) LDWS/HBC Quasi-milliwave radar (24GHz) RVM Further approaching front vehicle Automatic brake Driving Support Mazda Radar Cruise Control (MRCC) Judges the relative speed and distance to the car ahead, and works within a set speed range to maintain a safe following distance, thus alleviating some of the burden on the driver when driving on highways f Hazard Recognition Support Forward Obstruction Warning (FOW) Detects vehicles in front and alerts the driver to an approaching risk of collision early enough for the driver to brake or take evasive action g Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS) Detects lane markings on the road surface and warns drivers of imminent unintentional lane departures Rear Vehicle Monitoring (RVM) Detects cars in the blind spot on either side or approaching from behind and alerts the driver to potential risks when changing lanes h High-Beam Control System (HBC) Detects oncoming traffic and vehicles in front and automatically switches headlights between high and low beam, improving visibility at night and aiding hazard avoidance i Adaptive Front-lighting System (AFS) Supports safe driving at night by turning the headlights based on the degree of steering input and vehicle speed to maximize illumination and visibility at curves and intersections j h i j RVM effects image HBC effects image AFS effects image Approaching vehicle detection area Detection range: approx. 50 m Approaching vehicle detection area Collision Avoidance /Damage Reduction Support Smart Brake Support (SBS) Helps reduce the severity of a collision by automatically applying the brakes when a risk of frontal collision is detected while driving at speeds of 15km/h or more Smart City Brake Support (SCBS) Automatically stops or reduces the speed of the car when there is a risk of collision with the vehicle in front while travelling at speeds of between 4 and 30 km/h in order to help the driver to avoid or reduce the severity of a crash Acceleration Control for Automatic Transmission Avoids sudden acceleration by curbing engine power output and alerts the driver if the accelerator pedal is pressed excessively while there is an obstacle in front of the car k Advanced safety technology i-activsense reference website k Acceleration Control for AT activation image Acceleration control for AT activation image SCBS/Acceleration control for AT activation sensor Without control With control Caution! You are pressing the accelerator pedal. Detects acceleration error/obstacles Controls engine output 42

4 Technologies to Mitigate Injuries in an Accident Passive safety technologies help mitigate injuries to the driver and passengers if an accident should occur. Mazda does not simply comply with the laws of each country and region and NCAP test, but also conducts tests*1 for various types of potential collisions that might occur on the road, and has made steady progress in developing passive technologies to better protect passengers and drivers. Major passive safety technologies are as follows: SKYACTIV-BODY : Multi-load Path Structure and Bumper Beams with Ultra-High Tensile Steel Inside Mazda has developed SKYACTIV-BODY, a new-generation body structure with lightness and high rigidity, by revisiting the basic principles and reviewing every element of the structure, production method and materials. Multi-load path structure improves crash safety performance and absorbs the load at the time of a crash by dispersing it in multiple directions. Naturally, the multi-load path structure is adopted for lateral collisions and rear collisions as well to function in the same way, thus greatly improving safety performance. Moreover, the front and rear bumper beams adopt 1,800 MPa ultra-high tensile steel with the world's highest level of rigidity among mass production vehicles to realize lightness and excellent crash safety performance. l Cross-Shaped Front Frame for Efficient Energy Absorption The multi-load path approach was also adopted for individual parts. We focused on directing the crash energy mainly along the ridge lines of the parts, molding the front tip of the front frame into a cross shape. In a conventional square section, there are four ridge lines, but when a cross is created there are twelve ridge lines, and the shock is dispersed more widely. By doing so, the energy is then absorbed more efficiently, the space in the engine room is more effectively used, and there is also greater freedom in exterior design. m Pedestrian protection: Impact-absorption bonnet and bumpers Mazda uses various methods to reduce injury to pedestrians in the event of a collision. The Impact Absorption Bonnet mitigates the impact to a pedestrian's head in a pedestrian accident. Active Bonnet is designed to mitigate shock to the head in the event the vehicle collides with a pedestrian. Designed to activate with a defined speed range, the system causes the rear end of the bonnet to pop up when an impact exceeding a certain threshold is detected, creating a shock-absorbing space between the bonnet and the engine. Energy absorption materials are used in the front part of the vehicle which hits pedestrians' knee to mitigate the severity of pedestrian's knee injuries. Also, stiffening reinforcement is placed at the bottom of the bumper to better prevent pedestrian's leg from going under the vehicle. In anticipation of an accident, the shape of bonnet is carefully designed to reduce the damage to the pedestrians' knees, which are an important part of the body for walking. n Active Bonnet The MX-5/Roadster updated in July 2012 features an Active Bonnet (pedestrian protection system) which raises the rear end of the bonnet in the event of an accident to reduce impact to the head. At certain vehicle speeds, when sensors detect an impact exceeding a defined level, the rear end of the bonnet is raised. This creates a space between the bonnet and the engine which acts to absorb the energy of impact and reduces the severity of head injuries in collisions involving pedestrians while keeping the bonnet low as benefits the sports car design. o Website on Technologies to Mitigate Injuries in an Accident l SKYACTIV-BODY (the new Mazda6) m Cross shape-molded front frame n Impact-Absorbing Hood and Bumpers Impact-absorbing structure Impact-absorbing space o Active Bonnet *1 Crash safety performance test, rollover test, roof strength test, etc. P

5 Initiatives with People Mazda endeavors to raise safety awareness among adults and children alike through safetyrelated exhibitions at the Mazda Museum in the Hiroshima Head Office, the Kids Quiz on Traffic Safety website for children, and other projects. p In FY March 2014, Mazda held various events to promote understanding of Mazda s safety technologies, including the event at the Mazda R&D Center Yokohama(MRY), titled Sustainable Zoom-Zoom Forum 2014 Satisfying both driving pleasure and outstanding environmental and safety performance in March 2014(see p.158). q In May 2013, Mazda also participated in an event*1 concerning safety held in Tokyo and Hiroshima by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and the National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims Aid, to exhibit vehicles used for collision tests and explain vehicle safety performance for the drivers visiting the event. p Mazda Kids Quiz on Traffic Safety website for children * Japanese only q Sustainable Zoom-Zoom Forum 2014 Initiatives in Roads and Infrastructure Initiatives toward Realizing a Safe Automotive Society with ITS (in Japan) Intelligent transport systems (ITS) use telecommunications technology to bring together vehicles, people, and the traffic environment. ITS has potential to ease traffic congestion and to reduce the number of accidents throughout Japan. As an automotive maker, Mazda actively participates in Japan s ITS projects in cooperation with the national government and local government bodies as well as related companies and the community in order to achieve a safe automotive society for everyone. In September 2013, demonstration tests of the Atenza (Mazda6 overseas) ASV *1-5 equipped with the advanced safety drive assist system on public roads, an industryacademia-government project, was launched. In October, the vehicle participated in the 20th ITS World Conference Tokyo 2013, *2 and its driving performance was also demonstrated in Hiroshima as a post-conference event. r r ITS Demonstration Tests on Public Roads in Hiroshima Region TOPICS The world s first demonstration test in Hiroshima, where trams are deeply rooted On October 20 and 21, as the event following the ITS World Conference Tokyo 2013, demonstration tests of an advanced safety support system based on tram-to-vehicle communication was held in Hiroshima for the first time in the world. The main purpose of the tests was to verify the effects of the system to prevent collisions and support safe and smooth driving by establishing communication between the tram and the Atenza ASV-5 equipped with an autonomous in-car sensor. Mazda promotes joint studies among industry, academia and the government to develop a safe traffic structure in which the two forms of transportation can co-exist, making good use of their own advantages, with the aim of achieving safe collaboration between trams and vehicles. ITS Projects Mazda Participates Project Description Organizer Smart Way DSSS (Driving Safety Support Systems) ASV (Advanced Safety Vehicle) ITS Promotion Council * Universal Traffic Management Society of Japan Research and preparation of next-generation road systems using ITS technology, linking people, vehicles, and roads by means of information, mainly for expressways and toll roads Research and development of driving safety support systems utilizing road-vehicle communication, in which signals are transmitted between vehicles and the road infrastructure, as well as systems to enable smooth traffic flow Research and development of driving safety support systems utilizing inter-vehicle communication, in which signals are transmitted between vehicles Promoting verification of road-vehicle/inter-vehicle systems and development/ dissemination of driving safety support systems to solve problems in practical applications of driving safety support systems, in cooperation with relevant government authorities and industries Road Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism National Police Agency, UTMS* Road Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Cabinet Secretariat Atenza Peripheral vehicle Tram 700 MHz band vehicle-to-vehicle communication Vehicle type Position (latitude, longitude) Traveling direction Information such as speed, and brake and Smartphone Internet winker operation Pedestrian-vehicle communication Pedestrian position (latitude, longitude) Traveling direction *1 ASV: Advanced Safety Vehicle *2 Hosted by The Japan Organizing Committee of ITS World Congress Tokyo 2013, Tokyo Metropolitan Government 44

6 Mazda s Safety Initiatives and Primary Safety Technologies Category Vehicles Accident reduction Accident prevention only for certain models only (Active Safety technology) Alerts drivers to potential danger Monitoring systems for vehicles approaching from behind on either side: Blind Spot Monitoring (BSM)/Rear Vehicle Monitoring (RVM) system Rear Cross-Traffic Alert (RCTA) Emergency Signal System (ESS) Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS) Front Obstruction Warning (FOW) Supports to avoid danger Brake assist and EBS 4-wheel antilock braking system (4W-ABS) Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) Brake Override System (BOS) Provides driving support Parking assist system Intelligent Drive Master (i-dm) Supports both safety and Driving Pleasure SKYACTIV-CHASSIS: A newly developed front strut and rear multi-link suspension system; a lightweight cross member with high rigidity Inter-car distance control feature: Mazda Radar Cruise Control System Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS) High Beam Control (HBC) Power windows with injury prevention function Water-repellent window glass Improved front field vision Organ-style accelerator pedal Mitigation of risk/damage from the accident (Pre-Crash Safety technology) Minimizes damage in an accident Smart Brake Support (SBS) Smart City Brake Support (SCBS) Acceleration Control for AT Injury reduction Minimizing injuries in accidents (Passive Safety technology) Helps to protect drivers/passengers in accidents SKYACTIV-BODY Straightened basic frame and continuous framework, multi-load path structure, front frame molded into a cross shape, ultra-high-tensile steel bumper frame Curtain and front airbags Soft interior to absorb impacts Seats designed to reduce impacts to the neck / rear seats that resist against luggage flying forward Pre-tensioners and load-limiter seatbelts Collapsible brake pedal ISO-FIX-compliant child seat Anchoring point Impact-absorbing steering column Minimizes damage in an accident with pedestrians Impact-absorbing bumpers Impact-absorbing hood Active hood People Safety education Safety-related exhibitions at the Mazda Museum Traffic safety awareness quiz website for children Presentation of safety technologies at various events Initiatives for a safe society Roads and infrastructure Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Smart Traffic Flow Control ITS Spot services ASV-5 Road-vehicle communication ITS (DSRC) World s first demonstration tests for the tram-to-vehicle communication ASV in Hiroshima For more details, visit Mazda Global Website: SAFETY TECHNOLOGY: TOPICS Child Safety- & Security- Conscious Automotive Technologies Win Prime Minister s Award at 8th Kids Design Awards *1 Mazda Technology for Kids won the highest-ranking award (Prime Minister Award) at the 8th Kids Design Awards. It is the first time the 8th Kids Design Awards award has been given for automotive technologies. The award recognized four technologies adopted in Mazda s new-generation products, including CX-5. The configuration of the A pillars (the structural supports at either end of the windshield) and the door mirrors broadens the forward field of vision, making it easier for drivers to see children Side monitors that reduce the risk of accidents involving children Intelligent Drive Master (i-dm) that supports the acquisition of smooth driving technique, reducing the likelihood of children suffering from car sickness Advanced keyless entry system that avoids the engine being started in error by children *1 Hosted by Kids Design Association, sponsored by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry 45