TOWING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES. Lockpins. Installation of the Air Driven Generator (ADG) Lockpin

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1 TOWING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES TASK Towing of the Aircraft A. Reference Information REFERENCE TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK DESIGNATION Installation of the Nose Landing Gear (NLG) Lockpin Installation of the Main Landing Gear (MLG) Lockpins Installation of the Air Driven Generator (ADG) Lockpin Short Term Parking Set the Parking Brake Release the Parking Brake Inspection of the Tires Detailed Inspection of the Main and Nose Landing Gear Shock Strut (Extension) B. Tools and Equipment REFERENCE DESIGNATION GSE GSE GSE GSE GSE GSE GSE Tow Bar Aircraft Tow Vehicle (Mule) Rubber Chocks, Main and Nose Wheels Lockpin, NLG Lockpin, ADG Lockpin, MLG Cable Kit, Passenger Door NOTE: Refer to the Illustrated Tool and Equipment Manual to make sure that you use the correct equipment configuration. Page 201

2 C. Job Setup (1) Make sure that the nose landing gear (NLG) lockpin is correctly installed (TASK ). (2) Make sure that the main landing gear (MLG) lockpins are correctly installed (TASK ). (3) Make sure that the air driven generator (ADG) lockpin is correctly installed (TASK ). (4) Make sure that the MLG and NLG tires are correctly inflated (TASK ). CAUTION: DO NOT MOVE THE AIRCRAFT IF A SHOCK STRUT IS FULLY COMPRESSED OR FULLY EXTENDED. DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (5) Do a detailed inspection of the main and nose landing gear shock strut (extension) (TASK ). (6) Make sure that the NOSE STEER switch is set to OFF. (7) Make sure that the landing gear handle is set to the DOWN position. (8) Make sure that all the external servicing equipment is disconnected from the aircraft. (9) Make sure that the grounding wire is disconnected from the aircraft. (10) Make sure that all the external door and access panels are closed and latched. If it is necessary to keep the passenger door open during the towing procedure, install the passenger door cable kit as follows: Attach the eye fitting to the upper tension button in the passenger door frame. Attach the other end to the lower handrail post fitting on the passenger door. CAUTION: MAKE SURE THAT THE WEIGHT APPLIED ON THE TWO CABLES IS EQUAL. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS, YOU CAN DAMAGE THE PASSENGER DOOR. (c) Adjust the cables to have equal tension. (11) The minimum number of persons necessary to tow the aircraft are as follows: The towing director, who usually operates the tow vehicle, is in control of the towing procedure at all times. Page 202 May 29/2009

3 (c) (d) (e) When the aircraft is towed in open areas, a minimum of two persons are necessary for safety. One person is the towing director who operates the tow vehicle. The second person operates the aircraft brakes in the flight compartment. If the aircraft is towed in confined areas, minimum of five persons are necessary for safety. One person is the towing director who operates the tow vehicle. The second person operates the aircraft brakes in the flight compartment. The third and fourth persons are at each wingtip to make sure that the wingstips have sufficient clearance. The fifth person makes sure that the tail of the aircraft has sufficient clearance. Make sure that the towing director and all persons (included in the towing procedure) have the voice communications equipment necessary to monitor each person. Make sure that the towing director and all persons (included in the towing procedure) can see each person to give/receive visual signals. If the aircraft is towed at night (or in bad weather conditions), make sure that all persons have the necessary visual aids. D. Procedure Refer to Figure 201. OBEY THE PRECAUTIONS THAT FOLLOW WHEN YOU DO THE TOWING OF THE AIRCRAFT: - OBEY ALL LOCAL AIRPORT REGULATIONS - APPLY TOW BAR LOADS SLOWLY AND CAREFULLY - DO NOT TOW THE AIRCRAFT IN A FORWARD DIRECTION AT MORE THAN 5 MPH (8KPH) - DO NOT MOVE THE AIRCRAFT IN A REARWARD DIRECTION AT MORE THAN 3 MPH (5KPH) - TURN THE AIRCRAFT SLOWLY AND CAREFULLY USE THE BRAKES ONLY WHEN NECESSARY TO DECREASE FORWARD SPEED - MAKE SURE TO PUT THE NOSEWHEEL IN THE CENTER POSITION BEFORE THE AIRCRAFT IS PARKED IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THESE PRECAUTIONS, INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (1) Set the parking brake (TASK ). (2) If necessary, connect a headset to the interphone. (3) Set the BATTERY MASTER switch to ON. Page 203

4 (4) Move the tow bar in front of the NLG. (5) Lift the head of the tow bar above the steering cuff of the NLG. (6) Align the tow hook of the tow bar above the tow pin. (7) Pull the release lever on the tow head until the latch mechanism is fully retracted. Hold the lever in this position. (8) Lower the hook on the tow bar head until it engages with the two ends of the tow pin. (9) Release the lever to safety the tow bar in position with the latch. Make sure that the latch touches the tow pin. (10) Connect the towing eye on the opposite end of the tow bar to the tow vehicle. CAUTION: DO NOT EXCEED 90 TURNING ANGLE ON THE NOSE LANDING GEAR. YOU CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT. (11) Make sure that no objects are in or near the aircraft towing area. (12) Make sure that only persons necessary for the towing procedures are in the aircraft towing area. (13) Release the parking brake (TASK ). (14) Tell or give a signal to the towing director that the brakes are released. (15) Make sure that you obey the minimum clearances when you move the aircraft around parked aircraft or objects. (16) If you tow the aircraft in a forward direction, make sure that you keep a speed of 5 mph (8 kph) or less. Make sure to control the towing speed with the tow vehicle only. (17) If you push the aircraft in a rearward direction, make sure that you keep a speed of 3 mph (5 kph) or less. Make sure to control the towing speed with the tow vehicle only. DO NOT USE THE AIRCRAFT BRAKES UNLESS AN EMERGENCY CONDITION OCCURS. YOU MUST CONTROL THE MOVEMENT OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH THE TOW VEHICLE. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION, INJURY TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (18) Use the aircraft brakes carefully, and only to prevent an accident. Page 204

5 MAKE SURE TO PUT THE NOSEWHEEL IN THE CENTER POSITION BEFORE THE AIRCRAFT IS PARKED. WHEN THE AIRCRAFT IS SUPPLIED WITH POWER, THE NOSEWHEEL AUTOMATICALLY TRIES TO GO BACK TO THE CENTER POSITION. UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF THE NOSEWHEEL WHILE THE AIRCRAFT IS STOPPED CAN CAUSE INJURIES AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT. (19) When the towing procedure is completed, stop the aircraft in a straight line (with the nosewheel in the center position) with the tow vehicle. NOTE: Do not park the aircraft if the nosewheel is not in the center position. If necessary, move the aircraft forward in a straight line for a short distance (to center the nosewheel) before it is parked. (20) Set the parking brake (TASK ). (21) Tell or give a signal to the towing director that the parking brake is set. MAKE SURE THAT THE WHEEL CHOCKS ARE PUT AT THE NOSE AND MAIN WHEEL/TIRE ASSEMBLIES. MOVEMENT OF THE AIRCRAFT CAN CAUSE INJURIES TO PERSONS AND DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT. (22) Install the wheel chocks. (23) Set the BATTERY MASTER switch to OFF. E. Close Out (1) Park the aircraft (TASK ). (2) Disconnect the tow bar from the tow vehicle. (3) Move the tow bar by hand to align the nose landing gear in a longitudinal direction. (4) Pull the release lever on the head of the tow bar until the latch is fully retracted. Hold the release lever in position. (5) Lift the head of the tow bar above and away from the tow pin on the NLG. (6) Release the lever and move the tow bar away from the aircraft. (7) If the passenger door cable kit is installed, and it is not necessary at this time, remove it as follow: Remove the eye fitting from the upper tension button in the passenger door frame. Remove the other end from the lower handrail post fitting on the passenger door. Page 205

6 (8) If the interphone is not necessary at this time, disconnect the headset from the interphone. (9) Because of the differences that can occur in the shock strut extension (caused by the towing procedure), do a detailed inspection of the main and nose landing gear shock strut (extension) (TASK ). (10) Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted materials from the work area. Page 206

7 SHEAR PIN TOW BAR NOSE GEAR ATTACHMENT HEAD TOWING EYE TOW BAR HEAD RELEASE LEVER RADIAL SHEAR BOLT TOW BAR STEERING CUFF TOWING PIN LMM _001 Aircraft Towing Maintenance Practices Figure 201 Page 207

8 TASK Towbarless Towing of the Aircraft A. Reference Information CL 604 AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE MANUAL PART II REFERENCE TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK TASK Lektro DESIGNATION Installation of the Nose Landing Gear (NLG) Lockpin Installation of the Main Landing Gear (MLG) Lockpins Installation of the Air Driven Generator (ADG) Lockpin Short Term Parking Set the Parking Brake Release the Parking Brake Inspection of the Tires Detailed Inspection of the Main and Nose Landing Gear Shock Strut (Extension) Tug s Owner Manual B. Tools and Equipment REFERENCE GSE Commercially Available GSE Commercially Available DESIGNATION Vehicle, Towbarless Towing, LEKTRO models: AP8700B & AP8750B. Cradle, Standard Side Gated Cradle with Chine Protectors (P/N: APM1002A 1) Cut Off Plate, Teflon Coated Winch Cut Off Switch Plate Assembly (P/N: APM109AB T) and Winch Cut Off Micro Switch Assembly (P/N: AP109AB) Spring, Switch Plate (P/N: APM109AB 3) Vehicle, Towbarless Towing, LEKTRO model: AP8750B AL. Cradle: Standard Side Gateless Cradle. Cut Off Plate, Teflon Coated Winch Cut Off Switch Plate Assembly ( P/N: APM109AB T) and Winch Cut Off Micro Switch Assembly (P/N: AP109AB) Spring, Switch Plate (P/N: APM109AB 3) Page 208 May 29/2009

9 REFERENCE GSE Commercially Available GSE Commercially Available GSE Commercially Available GSE GSE GSE GSE GSE DESIGNATION Vehicle, Towbarless Towing, LEKTRO models: AP8800SDA & AP8850SDA. Cradle, Standard Side Gated with Chine Protectors (P/N: APM1002A 1) Cut Off Plate, Teflon Coated Winch Cut off Switch Plate Assembly (P/N: APM109BC T) and Winch Cut Off Micro Switch Assembly (P/N: APM109BC) Spring, Switch Plate (P/N: APM109AB 3) Strut Strap, Standard 2" x 29" (5 x 74 cm) (P/N APM403EB) Strut Strap, Alternative 1" x 29" (5 x 74 cm) (P/N APM403VC) Wheel Chocks (MLG/NLG) Pin, NLG Ground Lock Pin, ADG Ground Lock Pin, MLG Ground Lock Cable, Drop Down Door (Fwd) NOTE: Refer to the Illustrated Tool and Equipment Manual to make sure that you use the correct equipment configuration. C. Job Set up MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (1) Obey all the towbarless safety precautions and instructions that follow: (c) Obey all local airport regulations. Make sure to use the approved towbarless vehicle. Obey all the instructions from Lektro Tug s Owner s Manual. Page 209 May 29/2009

10 (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) Every two weeks, do a visual inspection of the winch cut off switch plate to make sure the teflon surface is not damage (Refer to Lektro Tug s Owner s Manual). Every two weeks, do an operational test the winch cut off switch plate (Refer to Lektro Tug s Owner s Manual). Before the aircraft is towed or pushed, do a visual inspection of the strut strap for possible damage. See if the protective sleeve is worn through. Look for abrasive material on the strut strap that could damage the chrome surface on the oleo piston. Do not use a strut strap that is damaged or not clean. Make sure to replace the winch strap and the strut strap at the interval specified in the LEKTRO owner s manual, part 2. Before connecting the aircraft, make sure the aircraft wheels are free from obstacles. Before the aircraft is towed or pushed, in the flight compartment, make sure that the NOSE STEER switch is set to OFF. Do not tow the aircraft with a towbarless vehicle if a nose landing gear shock struct indicates a requirement for servicing. A requirement for servicing indicates possible damage to the aircraft and/or the landing gear. Make sure the torque link is connected when the aircraft is towed or pushed. Make sure the strut strap is installed around the chromed surface of the oleo piston. Never allow the strut strap to be around the outer cylinder above the oleo piston. (m) Make sure you do not bend or break the NLG fully extended centered proximity sensor when strut strap is installed. (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) Make sure the NLG fully extended centered proximity sensor is not bent or broken before and after the towing. Make sure that the NLG steering angle is within 0±5 degrees limit when the NLG is pulled onto the cradle of the tow vehicle. Make sure to pull the NLG onto the cradle until the tires activate the winch cut off and are held tightly against the stop. Make sure the cradle height does exceed 4 inches (10.16 cm) at all time. Make sure the aircraft is towed on an even and hard surface. Make sure the pavement must be free from obstacles. The towing on excessive uneven pavement is prohibited. All steps must be lower than 1 inch (2.54 cm) at all time. Page 210 May 29/2009

11 (t) (u) (v) (w) (x) (y) (z) Make sure the aircraft is towed or pushed from or to the parked position with the NLG in the centered position at all time. Do not tow the aircraft in a forward direction at more than 5 MPH (8 km/h). Do not tow the aircraft in a rearward direction at more than 3 MPH (5 km/h). Make sure to control the movement of the aircraft with the tow vehicle at all time. Make sure that all changes to the speed or the direction are done slowly and gradually. Make sure to do large turns when possible. Make sure the turning angle is less that 45 degrees when the aircraft weight is equal or greater than the maximum landing weight (MLW). If the turning angle is exceeded at the MLW, the forward fuselage must be inspected. (aa) Make sure the NLG turning angle is less than ±90 degrees at all other weight condition. (ab) Do not use the aircraft brakes when the aicraft is towed or pushed unless an emergency conditions occurs. If the aircraft brakes are used, the aircraft tow or the push must be immediately stopped. Do a visual inspection of the components that follow for damage: NLG Tires (Inspect the chine carefully) NLG Wheels (Inspect the beads carefully) NLG Piston Chrome NLG Axles NLG Lower Torque Link Forward Fuselage Structure. (ac) If the nose wheel assembly position is different from the cradle position, the aircraft towing or pushing must be stopped immediately NOTE: For example, the nosewheel assembly does not follow the tug/cradle movement and starts to rotate on the cradle with one tire rolling off the cradle back wall or the rear gate (if applicable). This situation can indicate that the nosewheel steering system is not set to off position. (ad) If the nosewheel steering system was powered during the towing operation and if the cradle height is inferior or equal to 3 inches (7.62 cm), do the steps that follow: The maximum angle between the tug and the aircraft must not exceed 45 degrees. If this angle is exceeded, the NLG must be removed from the aircraft and sent to the landing gear manufacturer for inspection. Page 211 May 29/2009

12 (ae) If the nosewheel steering system was powered during the towing operation and if the cradle height is superior to 3 inches (7.62 cm), do the steps that follow: The NLG must be removed and sent to the landing gear manufacturer for inspection at any angle. The NLG aircraft attachment points must be inspected for any damage or deformation. (af) Make sure that no objects are in or near the aircraft towing area. (ag) Make sure that only persons necessary for the towing procedure are in the aircraft towing area. (ah) Make sure that you obey the minimum clearances when you move the aircraft around parked aircraft or objects. MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (2) The minimum number of persons necessary to tow or push the aircraft are as follows: (c) (d) (e) The towing director, who usually operates the tow vehicle, is in control of the towing procedure at all times. When the aircraft is towed in open areas, a minimum of two persons are necessary for safety. One person is the towing director who operates the tow vehicle. The second person operates the aircraft brakes in the flight compartment. If the aircraft is towed in confined areas, a minimum of five persons are necessary for safety. One person is the towing director who operates the tow vehicle. The second person operates the aircraft brakes in the flight compartment. The third and fourth persons are at each wingtip to make sure that the wingtips have sufficient clearance. The fifth person makes sure that the tail of the aircraft has sufficient clearance. Make sure that the towing director and all persons (included in the towing procedure) have the voice communications equipment necessary to monitor each person. Make sure that the towing director and all persons (included in the towing procedure) can see each person to give/receive visual signals. If the aircraft is towed at night (or in bad weather conditions), make sure that all persons have the necessary visual aids. Page 212

13 MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (3) Prepare the aircraft for towing as follows: (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) Make sure that the nose landing gear (NLG) lockpin is correctly installed (TASK ). Make sure that the main landing gear (MLG) lockpins are correctly installed (TASK ). Make sure that the air driven generator (ADG) lockpin is correctly installed (TASK ). Make sure that the MLG and NLG tires are correctly inflated (TASK ). On the nose gear landing strut, find the nose wheel position placard. Apply temporary marks at both of the ±90 degree positions so that the towing director can see the nose gear turn limits. Do a detailed inspection of the main and nose landing gear shock strut (extension) (TASK ). Make sure that the NOSE STEER switch is set to OFF. Make sure that the landing gear handle is set to the DOWN position. Make sure that all the external servicing equipments are disconnected from the aircraft. Make sure that the grounding wire is disconnected from the aircraft. (4) Make sure that all the external doors and access panels are closed and latched. If it is necessary to keep the passenger door open during the towing procedure, install the passenger door cable kit as follows: Attach the eye fitting to the upper tension button in the passenger door frame. Attach the other end to the lower handrail post fitting on the passenger door. CAUTION: MAKE SURE THAT THE WEIGHT APPLIED ON THE TWO CABLES IS EQUAL. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS, YOU CAN DAMAGE THE PASSENGER DOOR. (c) Adjust the cables to have equal tension. Page 213 May 29/2009

14 MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (5) Connect the towbarless vehicle as follow: (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) If necessary, connect a headset to the interphone. Set the BATTERY MASTER switch to ON. Position the towbarless tow vehicle so that the cradle is in line with and directly in front of the nose landing gear tires. Install the strut strap around the chromed surface of the oleo piston. Remove the wheel chocks and make sure that the all wheels are free from blockage. Tell or give a signal to the brake operator that the wheel chocks are removed. Make sure that the parking brake is released (TASK ). Tell or give the signal to the towing director that the brakes are released. Tell or give a signal to the brake operator that the NLG is going to be winched onto the cradle. Winch the NLG onto the cradle. NOTE: The NLG will stop when the tires reach the winch cut off switch plate. (k) Raise front edge of the cradle approximately 3 inches (7.61 cm). The cradle height must not exceed 4 inches (10.16 cm). Page 214

15 D. Procedure Refer to Figure 202. MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (1) Start to tow or push the aircraft in straight line slowly. (2) Make sure the required personnel are in place (3) Tow or push the aircraft in the correct area. NOTE: NOTE: When the towing procedure is completed, stop the aircraft in a straight line (with the nosewheel in the center position) with the tow vehicle. Do not park the aircraft if the nosewheel is not in the center position. If necessary, move the aircraft forward in a straight line for a short distance (to center the nosewheel) before it is parked. This is necessary to remove twist forces from the landing gear before you stop the aircraft. E. Close Out MAKE SURE TO READ AND OBEY ALL THE TOWBARLESS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE TOWING THE AIRCRAFT. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, INJURIES TO PERSONS, DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT AND/OR TO THE EQUIPMENT CAN OCCUR. (1) Disconnect the towbarless vehicle as follows: (c) (d) (e) (f) Lower the front edge of the cradle to ground level. Put the wheel chocks at the main wheels. Set the parking brake (TASK ). Tell or give a signal to the towing director that the parking brake is set. Tell or give a signal to the towing director that the wheel chocks are in position. Release the tension on the strut strap. Page 215

16 (g) (h) (i) (j) Slowly back the tow vehicle up so that the cradle moves out from under the NLG. Remove the strut strap from the NLG. Release the parking brake (TASK ). Set the BATTERY MASTER switch to OFF. (2) Park the aircraft (TASK ). (3) If the passenger door cable kit is installed, and it is not necessary at this time, remove it as follow: Remove the eye fitting from the upper tension button in the passenger door frame. Remove the other end from the lower handrail post fitting on the passenger door. (4) If the interphone is not necessary at this time, disconnect the headset from the interphone. (5) Because of the differences that can occur in the shock strut extension (caused by the towing procedure), do a detailed inspection of the main and nose landing gear shock strut (extension) (TASK ). (6) Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted materials from the work area. Page 216

17 TOWBARLESS TOW VEHICLE WINCH STRAP WINCH CUT OFF SWITCH PLATE NOSE LANDING GEAR STRUT STRAP CRADLE TOWBARLESS TOWING OF THE AIRCRAFT LMM _011 Towbarless Towing of the Aircraft Figure 202 Page 217

TOWING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

TOWING - MAINTENANCE PRACTICES TASK 584 801 1. Towing of the Aircraft A. Personnel In open areas, a minimum of two persons are necessary to do this task. In small or confined areas, a minimum of five persons