APPLICABLE MILITARY AIRWORTHINESS CODES IN SPAIN

Transcription

1 MINISTERIO DE DEFENSA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO APPLICABLE MILITARY AIRWORTHINESS CODES IN SPAIN Workshop for Spanish Cummunity of RPAS AESA-Madrid January 28-30th 2014 Eduardo SANCHIZ GARROTE Dr. Aeronautical Engineer Head of UAS Certification Programme INTA

2 CONTENS i - INTRODUCTION ii - STANAG 4671 iii - STANAG 4703 iv- STANAG 4702 v STANAG 4746 vi CURRENT PROGRAMME vii - CONCLUSIONS Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 2

3 I - INTRODUTION (1) In the 90 s and within the NATO environment, the countries with long expertise and tradition on activities related to the Airworthiness of manned Aircraft (i.e. USA, UK, FR, GE, etc) were very aware that some kind of Rules have to be established to guaranty the airworthiness of UAS (then called RPV ) because it have been be envisaged and predicted, even during the previous decade (80 s), that an increasing usage of these systems by their military forced will arise very soon. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 3

4 I - INTRODUTION (2) In this context, in 2005, finally NATO took the initiative of creating a Group of Authorities, called FINAS (i.e. Flight In Non Segregated Airspace ) with the mission of different Working Groups and and instruct them to elaborate different Airworthiness Codes to completely cover the wide field of application of existing UAS at that time (Fixed and Rotary Wing, Heavy and Light masses, etc) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 4

5 I - INTRODUTION (3) Once the different WG s were established and started to work, everybody agreed that the quickest and more efficient way to proceed was using the existing Codes applicable to manned aircraft as starting points and modifying and adapting them in order to consolidated new STANAG Codes for Military Usages of UAS. Nowadays, there are FOUR different STANAGs are being developed with different degree of maturity each one. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 5

6 I - INTRODUTION (4) They are, Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 6

7 I - INTRODUTION (and 5) In addition to these Codes, the general Certification Policy is in agreement with the REGLAMENTO DE AERONAVEGABILIDAD DE LA DEFENSA ( RAD )de 2004 (RD 2218/2004 de 26 de Noviembre, BOE nº 286) which is the legal frame (Airworthiness Regulations) that applies to all aerial platform of the SP-MoD. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 7

8 II STANAG 4671 (1) STANAG 4671 UAV Systems Airworthiness Requirements (USAR) for North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Military UAV Systems Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 8

9 II - STANAG 4671 (2) The genesis of this Code was promoted by the NATO-FINAS Group and, since the beginning it was called USAR ( UAV Systems Airworthiness Requirements ). The works stated in 2006 chaired by DGA-France. Obviously, the stating principle was to guaranty the same safety standards as require for Part 23 aircraft and considering the coordination tasks to be done with the different national Airworthiness Authorities the initial discussions were based in the CS-23 NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC AND COMMUTER CATEGORY Code and not the equivalent FAR-23. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 9

10 II STANAG 4671 (3) According to the CS Philosophy, the Code has TWO books: BOOK 1: containing the Air worthiness Code itself, with the same index (subparts and appendices) as CS-23 but adding TWO new Subparts: Subpart H: For the Datalink requirements Subpart I: For the Ground Control Station requirements (UCS) BOOK 2: containing the Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) for harmonizing criteria. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 10

11 II STANAG 4671 (4) Even the CS-23 Code is applicable to fixed wing aircraft with a MTOW (Maximum Take-Off Weight ) up to 5670 Kg (12,500 Lbs) WITHOUT specifying a minimum weight; the STANAG 4671 has a lower application limit of 150 Kg (Legal European restriction) while the maximum limit was extended for UAS with a MTOW up to 20 Tons. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 11

12 II STANAG 4671 (5) Contenidos There are 399 Requirements in comparisson with the 368 of CS-23, therefore, it is little more complicated and with higher workload dealing with STANAG 4671 rather than CS-23 Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 12

13 II STANAG 4671 (6) Catapult GDT Containers UCS SISTEM SIVA UAVs Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 13

14 II STANAG 4671 (and 7) The Edition 1 was consolidated in August 2009 and it was put in the process of ratification by the NATO Nations. In Spain it was declared OFFICIALY applicable in July There are also TWO editions more in course: Edition 2, NON ratificable Edition 3, nowadays being discussed (draft) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 14

15 III STANAG 4703 (1) STANAG 4703 Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 15

16 III STANAG 4703 (2) This Code deals not only with the Airworthiness Requirements for light fixed wing UAS (with MTOW 150 Kg), but also with Operation and Organization Requirements, for which, Minimum expertise and management capabilities are mandatory. This expanded content is based on the easy access of many Companies to designing and manufacturing these systems (due to aparent simplicity and affordability) which do not capability of DOAs and therefore, are not able to support the system during its full operative life. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 16

17 III STANAG 4703 (3) Basically: It is relatively simple to design and manufacture a small UAV Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 17

18 III STANAG 4703 (4) But, An OPERATIVE UAS needs an ORGANIZATION behind (i.e. Means and Personnel) to support the product and guaranty its Airworthiness during the whole life of it. That is; CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS activities, such as, ISSUING OF SERVICE BULLETINS A/W DIRECTIVES Application MAINTENANCE Manuals RE-DESIGN ; etc Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 18

19 III STANAG 4703 (5) The STANAG 4703; called USAR-Light does not follow the structure of any CS Code but is based from scratch on the ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL AVIATION AIRWORTHINESS included in Annex I to the European regulation (EC) nº 216/2008 of the European Parliament and Council of Feb. 20 th 2008 Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 19

20 III STANAG 4703 (6) The Code has THREE Parts as follows: 1. System Integrity which contains the A/W technical requirements. 2. System OPERATION Requirements 3. ORGANIZATION Requirements (SMS, etc). Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 20

21 III STANAG 4703 (7) The STANAG 4703 requires compliance with 69 Requirements, in addition to 8 Appendices to complete the Certification. of a new design. If the applicant wants a Type Certificate for the Design, it must qualify its Organization as DOA and POA (ROD in SPAIN) as well. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 21

22 III STANAG 4703 (8) The EIGHT Appendices are: 1. Landing Conditions 2. Reciprocating Engines 3. Electric Engines 4. Propellers 5. Hazard Reference System 6. Stability Response 7. Safety Management Plan 8. UAS with an UAV of lower kinetic energy than 66 J (49 Lb x ft) Certification Guidelines Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 22

23 III STANAG 4703 (9) APPENDICE 8 UAS with an UAV with less than 66 J Contents: 1. Design Usage Spectrum 2. General Requirements 3. Structures and Materials 4. Propulsion System 5. Systems and Equipment 6. Continuous Airworthiness Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 23

24 III STANAG 4703 (and 10) MTOW (Kg) Max. Speed (m/s) , ,49 5 3,31 The real posibility of this limit leads to a very small UAS. E c = 66 J = cte 50 1, Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 24

25 IV STANAG 4702 (1) RW-UAS Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 25

26 IV STANAG 4702 (2) STANAG 4702 (for MTOW > 150 Kg) STANAG 4746 (for MTOW 150 Kg) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 26

27 IV STANAG 4702 (3) Coherently with it was made for heavy Fixed Wing UAS with the CS-23, as we applied the same principles for heavy RW-UAS, that is, we used CS-27 as main reference for the STANAG (i.e. same Code structure, same paragraphs, TWO books, etc. ) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 27

28 IV STANAG 4702 (and 4) Nowadays the workloads required by the STANAG 4702 (i.e. 297 requirements) is higher than that required by CS-VLR (208) and even the CS-27 (252) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 28

29 V STANAG 4746 (1) Currently, within NATO-FINAS environment we are preparing a new Code for Light Rotary Wing UAS Airworthiness Requirements. Coherently with Light Fixed Wing UAS we are applying the same principles that the STANAG 4703, that is, the ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL AVIATION AIRWORTHINESS of the European Parliament and Council. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 29

30 V STANAG 4746 (and 2) Similarly as the STANAG 4703 it contents 69 Requirements to comply, which have to be demonstrated with 69 MOC s and 10 Appendices to be checked. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 30

31 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME Dpto. (1) Aeronaves y Armamento CURRENT UAS CERTIFICATION PROGRAMME AT INTA Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 31

32 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (2) Ministro ALONSO (19-Feb-2.008) IAI/MALAT-INDRA PASI (Searcher III) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 32 32

33 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (3) IAI/MALAT-INDRA PASI (Searcher III) (HERAT-Afganistán, 17-oct-2010)) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 33 33

34 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (4) IAI/MALAT-INDRA PASI (Searcher III) (Afghanistan July 2012) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 34 34

35 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (5) ATLANTE (First Flight in ROZAS (Lugo) Feb ) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 35 35

36 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (6) MANTIS PELICANO INDRA PROGRAMME Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 36 36

37 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (7) 1 UCS 1 Catapult ALO Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 37

38 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (8) FIRE DETECTIOIN IN FOREST SIVA Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 38

39 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (9) Military Operation with Spanish ARMY > 250 flights SIVA Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 39

40 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME (9) MALE MILANO Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 40

41 VI SPANISH PROGRAMME ( and 9) FIRST PROTOTYPE (in construction) MILANO WING STATIC TEST (according to STANAG 4671 point 641) Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 41

42 VII - CONCLUSIONS (1) by: In Spain the Certification activities of UAS is ruled Same philosophy as established for Manned Aircraft of RAD (Defense Airworthiness Regulations) Full agreement with NATO Countries in applying STANAG Codes For Very Small UAS (Micros) the main concern is more on the Qualification side rather than in Certification. Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 42

43 VII - CONCLUSIONS (and 2) BUT, in any case is fundamental to consider that Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 43

44 FINAL CONCLUSION Military UAS MUST be certified, independently of their size and MTOW, according to AVAILABLE STANAG CODES!! Unviversity of Harvard ROBOFLY (2b = 3 cm) MTOW =0.06 grs Northrop-Grumman X-47B, MTOW = 14,000 Lb Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 44

45 THE END THANK FOR YOUR ATENTION! Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain Página 45