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1 TECHNICAL MANUAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR DIESEL ENGINE ALL-TERRAIN CRANE (ATEC) AT422T DIESEL ENGINE DRIVEN, 22 TON CAPACITY TRUCK MOUNTED WITH CAB NSN DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY AUGUST 2000

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3 WARNING OPERATIONS ADJACENT TO OVERHEAD LINES ARE PROHIBITED UNLESS ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE SATISFIED. 1 POWER HAS BEEN SHUT OFF AND POSITIVE MEANS TAKEN TO PREVENT LINES FROM BEING ENERGIZED. 2 POSITION AND BLOCK EQUIPMENT INSURING NO PARTS, INCLUDING CABLE, CAN COME WITHIN THE FOLLOWING CLEARANCES: VOLTAGE REQD CLEARANCE UNDER 50 KV - 10 FEET 69 KV - 12 FEET KV - 15 FEET KV - 20 FEET 345 KV - 25 FEET 500 KV - 35 FEET CHECK WITH YOUR LOCAL POWER SUPPLIER FOR CORRECT LINE VOLTAGE NOTE READ AND UNDERSTAND ALL OF THE SAFETY WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS CONTAINED IN SECTION 2 OF THE OPERATOR'S MANUAL BEFORE OPERATING OR MAINTAINING THE CRANE, DIRECT ANY QUESTIONS THAT YOU MAY HAVE TO YOUR SUPERVISOR FOR CLARIFICATION. a

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5 CHANGE HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY NO. 1 WASHINGTON D.C., 30 NOVEMBER 2006 TECHNICAL MANUAL VOLUME 1 MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR DIESEL ENGINE All-Terrain Crane (ATEC) Diesel Engine Driven, 22 Ton Capacity Truck Mounted With Cab NSN DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited., 1 August 2000, is updated as follows: 1. File this sheet in front of the manual for reference. 2. This change is a result of miscellaneous changes documented against the diesel engine configuration. The most significant change involves the replacement of Holset air compressor with a Cummins/Wabco air compressor. 3. New or updated test is indicated by a vertical bar in the outer margin of the page. 4. Added illustrations are indicated by a vertical bar adjacent to the figure number. Changed illustrations are indicated by change bars in the outside margin adjacent to the updated area and a change bar adjacent to the figure number. 5. Remove old pages and insert new pages as indicated below: Remove Pages Insert Pages List of Effective Pages List of Effective Pages Title Page, Foreword, Table of Contents, i through vi and Important Reference Numbers i-1 through i-14 i-1 through i-12 E-1 through E-18 E-1 through E and and through through and and and and through through thru thru and 4-14 None 5-1 and and through through through through 6-10 T-19 and T-20 T-19 and T-20 T-29 and T-30 T-29 and T-30 A-1 through A-104 A-1 through A-86 V-1 through V-24 V-1 through V-20

6 Remove Pages Insert Pages 1 through 4 Index 1 through Index 4

7 By Order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: PETER J. SCHOOMAKER General, United States Army Chief of Staff JOYCE E. MORROW Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army DISTIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution requirements for IDN: , requirements for.

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9 INSERT LATEST CHANGED PAGES. DESTROY SUPERCEDED DATA. LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES NOTE: The portion of text affected by the changes is indicated by a vertical line in the outer margins of the pages. Changes to illustrations are also indicated by vertical lines in the outer margins. Original August 2000 Change November 2006 Dates of issue for original and changed pages are: TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES FOR THIS MANUAL IS 266 CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING: Page No. *Change No. Page No. *Change No. Page No. *Change No. Cover Blank i vi i i-2 i i i-5 0 T-1 T-18 0 i-6 i-10 1 T-19 T-20 1 i-11/ 1 T-21 T-28 0 (i-12 blank) T-29 T-30 1 E-1 1 T-31 T-38 0 E-2 0 A-1 A-86 1 E-3 E-12 1 V-1 V S-1 S C-1 C W-1/ (W-2 blank) L-1 L Index Index * Zero in this column indicates an original page. A C-1

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11 30 September 2006 Operation and Maintenance Manual B Series Engines U.S.A., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Puerto Rico i C-1

12 Foreword This manual contains information for the correct operation and maintenance of your Cummins engine. It also includes important safety information, engine and systems specifications, troubleshooting guidelines, and listings of Cummins Authorized Repair Locations and component manufacturers. Read and follow all safety instructions. Refer to the WARNING in the General Safety Instructions in this section. Keep this manual with the equipment. If the equipment is traded or sold, give the manual to the new owner. The information, specifications, and recommended maintenance guidelines in this manual are based on information in effect at the time of printing. Cummins Engine Company, Inc. reserves the right to make changes at any time without obligation. If you find differences between your engine and the information in this manual, contact your local Cummins Authorized Repair Location. The latest technology and the highest quality components were used to produce this engine. When replacement parts are needed, we recommend using only genuine Cummins or ReCon exchange parts. These parts can be identified by their trademarks: NOTE Warranty information is located in Section W. Make sure you are familiar with the warranty or warranties applicable to your engine. ii C-1

13 HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON D.C., 1 AUGUST 2000 MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR DIESEL ENGINE ALL-TERRAIN CRANE (ATEC) AT422T DIESEL ENGINE DRIVEN, 22 TON CAPACITY TRUCK MOUNTED WITH CAB NSN REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS You can help improve this publication. If you find any mistakes or if you know of a way to improve the procedures, please let us know. Submit your DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Equipment Technical Publications), through the Internet, on the Army Electronic Product Support (AEPS) website. The Internet address is The DA Form 2028 is located under the Public Applications section in the AEPS Public Home Page. Fill out the form and click on SUBMIT. Using this form on the AEPS will enable us to respond quicker to your comments and better manage the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, fax or your letter or DA Form 2028 direct to: AMSTA-LC-LMIT / TECH PUBS, TACOM-RI, 1 Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, IL The address is TACOM-TECH-PUBS@ria.army.mil. The fax number is DSN or Commercial (309) Table of Contents Section Introduction... i Engine Identification... E Operating Instructions... 1 Maintenance Guidelines... 2 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A - Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. iii C-1

14 Section Maintenance Procedures - Daily... 3 Maintenance Procedures at 10,000 Kilometers [6,000 Miles], 250 Hours or 3 Months... 4 Maintenance Procedures at 19,000 Kilometers [12,000 Miles], 500 Hours or 6 Months... 5 Maintenance Procedures at 38,000 Kilometers [24,000 Miles], 1000 Hours or 12 Months... 6 Maintenance Procedures at 77,000 Kilometers [48,000 Miles], 2000 Hours or 2 Years... 7 Troubleshooting... T Adjustment, Repair and Replacement... A Specifications and Torque Values... V Service Assistance... S iv C-1

15 Section Component Manufacturers... C Warranty... W Additional Service Literature... L Index... X v C-1

16 Important Reference Numbers Fill in the part name and number in the blank spaces provided below. This will give you a reference whenever service or maintenance is required. Engine Model Engine Serial Number Engine Specification Number Fuel Pump Part Number Filter Part Numbers: Air Cleaner Element Lubricating Oil Fuel Fuel Water Separator Belt Part Numbers vi C-1

17 Section i - Introduction Section Contents Page About the Manual...i-3 Definition of Terms... i-10 General Safety Instructions...i-7 How to Use the Manual...i-4 Illustrations...i-6 Symbols...i-5 To The Owner and Operator...i-2 i-1 C-1

18 To The Owner and Operator Preventative maintenance is the easiest and least expensive type of maintenance. Follow the maintenance schedule recommendations outlined in Maintenance Guidelines (Section 2). Keep records of regularly scheduled maintenance. Use the correct fuel, oil and coolant in your engine as specified in Engine Specifications (Section V). Cummins Engine Company, Inc. uses the latest technology and the highest quality components to produce its engines. Cummins recommends using only genuine Cummins parts and ReCon exchange parts. Personnel at Cummins Authorized Repair Locations have been trained to provide expert service and parts support. If you have a problem that cannot be resolved by a Cummins Authorized Repair Location, follow the steps outlined in the Service Assistance (Section S). i-2

19 About the Manual This manual contains information needed to correctly operate and maintain your engine as recommended by Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Additional service literature (Shop Manual, Troubleshooting and Repair Manual, etc.) can be ordered by filling out and mailing the Literature Order Form located in Service Literature, Section L. This manual does not cover vehicle or equipment maintenance procedures. Consult the vehicle or equipment manufacturer for specific maintenance recommendations. Both metric and U.S. customary values are listed in this manual. The metric value is listed first, followed by the U.S. customary in brackets. Numerous illustrations and symbols are used to aid in understanding the meaning of the text. Refer to page i-5 for a complete listing of symbols and their definitions. Each section is preceded by a Section Contents to aid in locating information more quickly. i-3

20 How to Use the Manual This manual is organized according to intervals at which maintenance on your engine is to be performed. A table which states the required intervals and the checks to be made is located in Section 2. Locate the interval at which you are performing maintenance then follow the steps given in that section for all the procedures to be performed. In addition, all the procedures done under previous maintenance intervals must be performed also. Keep a record of all the checks and inspections made. A record form for recording date, mileage/kilometer or hours, and which maintenance checks were performed is located in Section 2. Refer to Section T for a guide to troubleshooting your engine. Follow the directions given on page T-3 to locate and correct engine problems. Refer to Section V for specifications recommended by Cummins Engine Company, Inc., for your engine. Specifications and torque values for each engine system are given in that section. i-4 C-1

21 Symbols The following symbols have been used in this manual to help communicate the intent of the instructions. When one of the symbols appears, it conveys the meaning defined below: WARNING - Serious personal injury or extensive property damage can result if the warning instructions are not followed. CAUTION - Minor personal injury can result or a part, an assembly, or the engine can be damaged if the caution instructions are not followed. Indicates a REMOVAL or DISASSEM- BLY step. Indicates an INSTALLATION or AS- SEMBLY step. INSPECTION is required. CLEAN the part or assembly. PERFORM a mechanical or time MEA- SUREMENT. LUBRICATE the part or assembly. Indicates that a WRENCH or TOOL SIZE will be given. TIGHTEN to a specific torque. PERFORM an electrical MEASURE- MENT. Refer to another location in this manual or another publication for additional information. The component weighs 23 kg [50 lb] or more. To avoid personal injury, use a hoist or get assistance to lift the component. i-5

22 Illustrations Use the illustrations in this manual as a guide to perform the action or the repair described. Many illustrations are generic and will not look exactly like the engine or the parts used in your application. In order to provide clarity to illustrations, some illustrations show parts removed that are not related to the specific parts given in the text. Most of the illustrations contain symbols to indicate an action required or to indicate an acceptable (OK) or unacceptable (not OK) condition. i-6 C-1

23 General Safety Instructions Important Safety Notice WARNING Improper practices or carelessness can cause burns, cuts, mutilation, asphyxiation or other bodily injury or death. Read and understand all of the safety precautions and warnings before performing any repair. This list contains the general safety precautions that must be followed to provide personal safety. Special safety precautions are included in the procedures when they apply. Make sure the work area surrounding the product is dry, well lit, ventilated; free from clutter, loose tools, parts, ignition sources and hazardous substances. Be aware of hazardous conditions that can exist. Always wear protective glasses and protective shoes when working. Rotating parts can cause cuts, mutilation or strangulation. Do not wear loose-fitting or torn clothing. Remove all jewelry when working. Disconnect the battery (negative [-] cable first) and discharge any capacitors before beginning any repair work. Disconnect the air starting motor if equipped to prevent accidental engine starting. Put a Do Not Operate tag in the operator s compartment or on the controls. Use ONLY the proper engine barring techniques for manually rotating the engine. Do not attempt to rotate the crankshaft by pulling or prying on the fan. This practice can cause serious personal injury, property damage, or damage to the fan blade(s) causing premature fan failure. If an engine has been operating and the coolant is hot, allow the engine to cool before you slowly loosen the filler cap and relieve the pressure from the cooling system. i-7 C-1

24 WARNING Continued Do not work on anything that is supported ONLY by lifting jacks or a hoist. Always use blocks or proper stands to support the product before performing any service work. Relieve all pressure in the air, oil, and the cooling systems before any lines, fittings, or related items are removed or disconnected. Be alert for possible pressure when disconnecting any device from a system that utilizes pressure. Do not check for pressure leaks with your hand. High pressure oil or fuel can cause personal injury. To prevent suffocation and frostbite, wear protective clothing and ONLY disconnect liquid refrigerant (freon) lines in a well ventilated area. To protect the environment, liquid refrigerant systems must be properly emptied and filled using equipment that prevents the release of refrigerant gas (fluorocarbons) into the atmosphere. Federal law requires capture and recycling refrigerant. To avoid personal injury, use a hoist or get assistance when lifting components that weigh 23 kg [50 Ib] or more. Make sure all lifting devices such as chains, hooks, or slings are in good condition and are of the correct capacity. Make sure hooks are positioned correctly. Always use a spreader bar when necessary. The lifting hooks must not be side-loaded. Corrosion inhibitor contains alkali. Do not get the substance in your eyes. Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin. Do not swallow internally. In case of contact, immediately wash skin with soap and water. In case of contact, immediately flood eyes with large amounts of water for a minimum of 15 minutes. IMMEDIATELY CALL A PHYSICIAN. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Naptha and Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) are flammable materials and must be used with caution. Follow the manufacturer s instructions to provide complete safety when using these materials. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. i-8 C-1

25 WARNING Continued To avoid burns, be alert for hot parts on products that have just been turned OFF, and hot fluids in lines, tubes, and compartments. Always use tools that are in good condition. Make sure you understand how to use them before performing any service work. Use ONLY genuine Cummins or Cummins Recon replacement parts. Always use the same fastener part number (or equivalent) when replacing fasteners. Do not use a fastener of lessor quality if replacements are necessary. Do not perform any repair when fatigued or after consuming alcohol or drugs that can impair your functioning. Some state and federal agencies in the United States of America have determined that used engine oil can be carcinogenic and can cause reproductive toxicity. Avoid inhalation of vapor, ingestion, and prolonged contact with used engine oil. i-9 C-1

26 Definition of Terms AFC Air Fuel Control H 2 0 Water API American Petroleum Institute ASA Air Signal Attenuator in-lb Inch Pound ASTM American Society of Testing and kg Kilograms Materials km Kilometers C Celsius km/i Kilometers per Liter CARB California Air Resources Board kpa Kilopascal C.I.D. Cubic Inch Displacement l Liter Cm Centimeter m Meter CPL Control Parts List mm Millimeter cst Centistokes Mpa Megapascal DCA Diesel Coolant Additive MPH Miles Per Hour ECM Electronic Control Module MPQ Miles Per Quart E.C.S. Emission Control System N m Newton-meter EPA Environmental Protection Agency OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer EPS Engine Position Sensor ppm Parts Per Million F Fahrenheit psi Pounds Per Square Inch ft-lb Foot Pound PTO Power Takeoff GVW Gross Vehicle Weight RPM Revolutions Per Minute Hg Mercury S.A.E. Society of Automotive Engineers HP Horsepower STC Step Timing Control i-10 C-1

27 Definition of Terms - Continued VS VSS Variable Speed Vehicle Speed Sensor i-11/(i-12 blank) C-1

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29 Section E Engine and Component Identification Section Contents Engine Identification... E-2 Automotive Engine Nomenclature... E-3 Engine Dataplate... E-2 Industrial Engine Nomenclature... E-3 External Engine Components... E-9 General Specifications (Automotive Engines)...E-5, E-6, E-7, E-8 Injection Pump Dataplate... E-3 Robert Bosch In-Line Dataplate Location... E-3 Page E-1 C-1

30 Engine Identification Engine Dataplate The engine dataplates show specific information about your engine. The engine serial number (1) and Control Parts List (CPL) (2) provide information for ordering parts and service needs. NOTE The engine dataplate must not be changed unless approved by Cummins Engine Company, Inc. E-2

31 Automotive/Industrial Engine Nomenclature The model name for Automotive/Industrial engines provides the following engine data: B Horsepower Rating Displacement in Liters Engine Series Injection Pump Dataplate Robert Bosch In-Line Dataplate Location E-3 C-1

32 The Cummins part number for the fuel pump-governor combination is located on the governor dataplate. E-4 C-1

33 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Lubricating System kpa [psi] B Bore - mm [in.] [4.02] Stroke - mm fin.] [4.72] Displacement - liter [ in. 3 ] [359] Engine Weight (Dry) Less Flywheel and Electrics kg [lbs.] [942] Firing Order Valve Clearances: Intake - mm [in.]... [0.010] Exhaust - mm [in.]... [0.020] Compression Ratio :1 Rotation, viewed from the Front of the Engine... Clockwise Aspiration: - Naturally Aspirated... - Turbocharged... X - Aftercooled... - Charge Air Cooled... X E-5 C-1

34 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Lubricating System kpa [psi] B Min. Allowable Idle [10] Min. Allowable Rated 207 [30] Regulated Oil Rifle [65] Filter Bypass Diff. Pressure 172 [25] Oil Capacity L [QT]: - Standard Pan Only [15] - Total System [17.3] QTS From L to H [2] Cooling System L [QT] Engine Coolant Capacity [9.5] Thermostat Modulating Range: C [F] [ ] Pressure Cap kpa [psi]: - 104C [220 F] [15] - 99C [210 F]... 48[7] E-6 C-1

35 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Intake Air, Exhaust, And Fuel System B Maximum Allowable Intake Restriction at Rated Speed and Load with Dirty Air Filter Element mm H 2 O [in. H 2 O] [25] Maximum Allowable Exhaust Restriction at Rated Speed and Load mm Hg [in. Hg] [6]* Maximum Allowable Restriction to fuel transfer Pump mm Hg [in. Hg] [4] Maximum Allowable Return Line Restriction mm Hg [in. Hg] [20.4] Maximum Fuel Pressure Drop Across Filters kpa [psi] 34 [5] E-7 C-1

36 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) For General Electrical System Information Refer to TM , Volume 1. E-8 C-1

37 External Engine Components The illustrations which follow show the locations of the major external engine components, the filters, and other service and maintenance points. Some external components will be at different locations for different engine models. E-9 C-1

38 Rear View E-10 C-1

39 Turbocharger Side View E-11 C-1

40 Front View E-12 C-1

41 Section 1 Operating Instructions Section Contents Page Cold Weather Operation Starting Aid Requirements Engine Operating Range Engine Shut-down General Information Operating the Engine Starting Procedure Starting Procedure Matrix Starting Procedure - After Extended Shutdown or Oil Change C-1

42 General Information Proper care of your engine will result in longer life, better performance, and more economical operation. Follow the daily maintenance checks listed in Maintenance Guidelines, Section 2. Check the oil pressure indicators, temperature indicators, warning lights, and other gauges daily to make sure they are operational. Starting Procedure Automotive/Industrial All pumps - above 16 C [60 F]. 1-2 C-1 WARNING Do not operate a diesel engine where there are or can be combustible vapors. These vapors can be drawn through the air intake system and cause engine acceleration and over-speeding, which can result in a fire, an explosion and/or extensive property damage. Numerous safety devices are available, such as air intake shut-off devices, to minimize the risk of over-speeding where an engine, due to its application, might operate in a combustible environment, such as due to a fuel spill or gas leak. The equipment owner and operator are responsible for safe operation in a hostile environment. Consult your authorized repair location for further information. Foot off throttle. If engine does not start within five seconds of cranking, follow cold start procedures below. All pumps - below 16 C [60 F]. Fully depress the throttle after engaging the starter. Full throttle on the VE pump makes sure there is sufficient start fuel delivery and helps keep the engine operating once started. The inline pumps with RQV and RQV-K governors require full throttle to position and hold the rack in the start fuel position. The throttle must be depressed after engaging the starter to allow the shutoff lever to move to the run position before moving the throttle.

43 Starting Procedure Matrix Idle Throttle Full Throttle Automotive/Industrial All pumps above 16 C [60 F]...X (after 5 sec, see Note) All pumps below 16 C [60 F]...X Note NOTE Full throttle is applied after engaging starter. Disengage the driven unit, or if equipped, put the transmission in neutral. Position the fuel shut-off, electrical switch or mechanism control to the RUN position. 1-3

44 CAUTION To prevent damage to the starter, do not engage the starting motor more than 30 seconds. Wait 2 minutes between each attempt to start (electrical starting motors only). If the engine does not start after three attempts, check the fuel supply system. Absence of blue or white exhaust smoke during cranking indicates no fuel is being delivered. Move the throttle position to idle as soon as the engine starts. Engine oil pressure must be indicated on the gauge within 15 seconds after starting. When starting a cold engine, increase the engine speed (RPM) slowly to make sure adequate lubrication is available to the bearings. CAUTION Do not idle the engine for excessively long periods. Long periods of idling (more than 10 minutes) can damage an engine because combustion chamber temperatures drop so low the fuel will not burn completely. This will cause carbon to clog the injector spray holes and piston rings, and can cause the valves to stick. If the engine coolant temperature becomes too low (60 C [140 F]), raw fuel will wash the lubricating oil off the cylinder walls and dilute the crankcase oil; therefore, all moving parts of the engine will not receive the correct amount of lubrication. Idle the engine 3 to 5 minutes before operating with a load. CAUTION When using jumper cables to start the engine, make sure to connect the cables in parallel: positive (+) to positive (+) and negative (-) to negative (-). When using an external electrical source to start the engine, turn the disconnect switch to the OFF position. Remove the key before attaching the jumper cables to prevent unintentional starter engagement. 1-4

45 Cold Weather Operation Starting Aid Requirements Use the following chart as a reference for required cold weather starting aids: Operation in ambient temperatures below 0 C [32 F] can require special consideration be given to engine starting. At temperatures below 0 C [32 F], operate the engine at moderate speeds for five minutes before full loads are applied. OIL PAN AND 1-5

46 Starting Procedure After Extended Shutdown or Oil Change Complete the following steps after each oil change, or after the engine has been shut off for more than 30 days to make sure the engine receives the correct oil flow through the lubricating oil system: Disconnect the electrical wire from the fuel pump solenoid valve. Rotate the crankshaft, using the starting motor, until oil pressure appears on the gauge, or the warning light goes out. Connect the electrical wire to the fuel pump solenoid valve. Start the engine; refer to Normal Starting Procedures in this section. Refer to Fuel System Bleeding, Section 5, for instructions to vent the fuel system. 1-6 C-1

47 Operating the Engine Do not operate the engine at full throttle below peak torque engine speed (1100 to 1600 RPM, dependent on engine rating) for extended periods (more than 1 minute) of time. Allow the engine to idle 3 to 5 minutes before shutting it off after a full load operation. CAUTION Continuous operation with low coolant temperature (below 60 C [140 F] or high coolant temperature (above 100 C [212 F]) can damage the engine. Monitor the oil pressure and coolant temperature gauges frequently. Refer to Lubricating Oil System or Cooling System, Section V, for recommended operating pressures and temperatures. Shut off the engine if any pressure or temperature does not meet the specifications. If an overheating condition starts to occur, reduce the power output of the engine by releasing the throttle pressure or shifting the transmission to a lower gear, or both, until the temperature returns to normal operating range. If engine temperature does not return to normal, shut off the engine and refer to Troubleshooting, Section T, or contact an Authorized Repair Location. Most failures give an early warning. Look and listen for changes in performance, sound, or engine appearance that can indicate service or engine repair is needed. Some changes to look for are as follows: Engine misfires Excessive smoke Vibration Unusual engine noises Fuel, oil, or coolant leaks Sudden changes in engine operating temperature or oil pressure Loss of power An increase in oil consumption An increase in fuel consumption 1-7 C-1

48 Engine Operating Range Cummins engines are designed to operate successfully at full throttle under transient conditions down to peak torque engine speed (RPM). This is consistent with recommended driving practices for good fuel economy. CAUTION Excessive full throttle operation below peak torque RPM (peak torque RPM varies from 1,100 RPM to 1,600 RPM, depending upon rated engine speed) will shorten engine life to overhaul, can cause serious engine damage, and is considered engine abuse. CAUTION Operation of the engine below peak torque RPM can occur during gear shifting due to the difference of ratios between transmission gears, but engine operation must not be sustained more than 1 minute at full throttle below peak torque RPM. CAUTION Operating the engine beyond high idle speed can cause severe engine damage. When descending a steep grade, use a combination of transmission gears and engine or service brakes to control the vehicle and engine speed. Engine Shut-down Allow the engine to idle 3 to 5 minutes after a full load operation before shutting it off. This allows the engine to cool gradually and uniformly. Turn the ignition key switch to the OFF position. 1-8 C-1

49 Section 2 Maintenance Guidelines Section Contents General Information Maintenance Record Form Maintenance Schedule Page References for Maintenance Instructions Tool Requirements Page 2-1

50 General Information Follow the maintenance schedule in this section in order to obtain proper operation and preserve the warranty on the engine. If the engine is operating in ambient temperatures consistently below -18 C [0 F] or above 38 C [100 F], perform maintenance at shorter intervals. Shorter maintenance intervals are also required if the engine is operated in a dusty environment or if frequent stops are made. See your Authorized Repair Location for recommended intervals. Use the chart provided at the end of this section as a convenient way to keep a record of maintenance performed. If your engine is equipped with a component or an accessory not manufactured by Cummins Engine Company, Inc., refer to the component manufacturer s maintenance recommendations. A listing of suppliers addresses and telephone numbers is provided in Component Manufacturers, Section C. (Text Deleted) 2-2 C-1

51 Tool Requirements In the text, a symbol followed by the wrench size or tool description is used to identify the tooling required to perform each step. A list of wrench sizes and descriptions indicate more than one tool is needed. Sockets Wrenches Other Tools 19mm 19mm Filter Wrenches (75-80mm and 90-95mm) 17mm 17mm Ratchet (1/2 inch drive) 15mm 15mm Torque Wrench 14mm Flat Blade Screwdriver 13mm 5/16 Allen Wrench 10mm Feeler Gauges (0.25 mm and 0.51 mm) Engine Barring Gear Part No

52 Maintenance Schedule Daily or Refueling Every 10,000 Km [6,000 Mi], 250 Hours or 3 Months Every 19,000 Km [12,000 Mi], 500 Hours or 6 Months Every 38,000 Km [24,000 Mi] 1000 Hours or 12 Months Every 77,000 Km [48,000 Mi], 2000 Hours or 2 Years Check Change/Replace Oil Level Lube Oil 1 Lube Oil Lube Oil Lube Oil Coolant Level Lube Filter Lube Filter Lube Filter Lube Filter Fan Inspection Fuel Filter 5 Fuel Filter Fuel Filter Drive Belt Inspection Antifreeze 3 Fuel Water Trap Adjust Valve Lash 2 Clearance Check/Inspect Air Cleaner Air Cleaner Air Cleaner Air Cleaner Intake System Intake System Intake System Charge Air Cooler 4 Charge Air Cooler Antifreeze 3 Charge Air Cooler Intake System Charge Air Cooler Antifreeze Fan Hub Fan Hub Belt Tensioner Belt Tensioner Bearing Bearing Belt Tension Belt Tension Damper 1 Refer to the Oil change Interval chart given in Section 4 to find the specific oil change interval for your application. 2 Initial valve lash clearance adjustment, subsequent adjustments to be performed at 77,000 Km [48,000 mile] intervals or every 8th oil change for automotive engines or, 2000 hours, 2 year intervals for industrial engines. 3 Must use a heavy duty year around antifreeze that meets the chemical composition of GM6038M. The change interval is 2 years or 320,000 Km [200,000 Mi], whichever occurs first. Antifreeze is essential for freeze, overheat and corrosion protection. 4 Service interval is 2 years or 320,000 Km [200,000 Mi], whichever occurs first. 5 Service interval is every other oil change or 19,000 Km [12,000 miles], 500 hours or 6 months, whichever comes first. 2-4

53 Page References for Maintenance Instructions For your convenience, listed below are the page numbers which contain specific instructions for performing the maintenance checks listed in the maintenance schedule. Daily or Refueling Belts - inspect Engine oil level - check Engine coolant level - check Fan - inspect Fuel-water separator - drain Every 10,000 Kilometers [6,000 Miles], 250 Hours or 3 Months Lubricating oil - change Lubricating oil filters - change Air intake system - check Air cleaner restriction - check Charge Air Cooler (Text Deleted) 2-5 C-1

54 Every 19,000 Kilometers [12,000 Miles], 500 Hours or 6 Months Lubricating oil change Lubricating Oil filter change Fuel filter - change Intake air system check Charge Air Cooler Coolant and Antifreeze check Every 38,000 Kilometers [24,000 Miles], 1000 Hours or 12 Months Lubricating oil - change Lubricating oil filters - change Fuel filter change Intake air system check Charge Air Cooler Valve lash clearance adjust (first time only, thereafter every 77,000 KM) Fan hub - check Belt tensioner bearing - check Belt tension check Coolant and antifreeze check (Text Deleted) 2-6 C-1

55 Every 77,000 Kilometers [48,000 Miles], 2,000 Hours or 2 Years Lubricating oil - change Lubricating oil filter - change Fuel filter - change Intake air system - check Valve lash clearance - adjust Fan hub - check Belt tensioner bearing - check Belt tension - check Vibration damper - inspect Charge Air Cooler - leak check (320,000 Km/200,000 Mi)... A-87 Every 320,000 Kilometers [200,000 Miles], 6,000 Hours or 2 Years Coolant and antifreeze - change

56 Maintenance Record Form Maintenance Record Engine Serial No. Engine Model Owner s Name Equipment Name/Number Date Km (Miles), Hours or Time Interval Actual Km (Miles) or Hours Maintenance Check Performed Check Performed By Comments 2-8

57 Date Km (Miles), Hours or Time Interval Actual Km (Miles) or Hours Maintenance Check Performed Check Performed By Comments 2-9

58 NOTES 2-10

59 Section 3 Daily Maintenance Procedures Section Contents Coolant Level Check Cooling Fan Inspection Drive Belt Inspection General Information Oil Level Check Page 3-1 C-1

60 General Information Preventative maintenance begins with day-to-day awareness of the condition of the engine and its systems. Before starting the engine, check the oil and coolant levels. Look for: Leaks Loose or damaged parts Worn or damaged belts Any change in engine appearance 3-2

61 Oil Level Check Never operate the engine with the oil level below the 12 (Low) mark or above the H (High) mark. Wait at least 15 minutes after shutting off the engine to check the oil. This allows time for the oil to drain to the oil pan. NOTE The vehicle must be level when checking the oil level to make sure the measurement is correct. Low Mark To High Mark Oil Capacity 6 Cylinder Liter [2.0 U.S. Quart] 3-3 C-1

62 Coolant Level Check WARNING Do not remove the radiator cap from a hot engine. Wait until the temperature is below 50 º C [120 º F] before removing the pressure cap. Failure to do so can result in personal injury from heated coolant spray or steam. Remove the filler cap slowly to relieve coolant system pressure. NOTE Never use a sealing additive to stop leaks in the coolant system. This can result in coolant system plugging and inadequate coolant flow causing the engine to over-heat. The coolant level must be checked daily, refer to TM for correct procedures for checking coolant level. 3-4 C-1

63 CAUTION Do not add cold coolant to a hot engine. Engine castings can be damaged. Allow the engine to cool to below 50 C [120 F] before adding coolant. NOTE On applications that use a coolant recovery system, check to make sure the coolant is at the appropriate level on the coolant recovery tank depending on engine temperature. Fill the cooling system with coolant to the bottom of the fill neck in the radiator fill or expansion tank. 3-5 C-1

64 Drive Belt Inspection Visually inspect the belt. Check the belt for intersecting cracks. Transverse (across the belt width) cracks are acceptable. Longitudinal (direction of belt length) cracks that intersect with transverse cracks are not acceptable. Replace the belt if it is frayed or has pieces of material missing. Refer to Adjustment and Replacement (Section A). Cooling Fan Inspection WARNING Personal injury can result from a fan blade failure. Never pull or pry on the fan. This can damage the fan blade(s) and cause fan failure. NOTE Rotate the crankshaft by using the engine barring gear. A visual inspection of the cooling fan is required daily. Check for cracks, loose rivets, and bent or loose blades. Check the fan to make sure it is securely mounted. Tighten the capscrews if necessary. Replace any fan that is damaged. 3-6 C-1

65 Section 4 Maintenance Procedures at 10,000 Kilometers [6,000 Miles], 250 Hours or 3 Months Section Contents Air Intake System Inspection Charge Air Cooler Cleaning Inspection General Information Lubricating Oil and Filter Changing Lubricating Oil and Filter Change Interval Page 4-1 C-1

66 General Information All checks or inspections listed under daily or previous maintenance intervals must also be performed at this time in addition to those listed under this maintenance interval. Lubricating Oil and Filter Change Interval Refer to the following flow chart to determine the maximum recommended oil and filter change intervals in kilometers, miles, hours or months; whichever comes first. (Text Deleted) 4-2 C-1

67 Is your vehicle an On- Highway application? YES Is your vehicle one of those below? - Regional Haul Truck - Coach Bus - Vehicle accum 8000 miles/mth. or more YES Change Interval KM MILES HOURS MOS 17,000 10, NO Is your vehicle used in a Construction, Mining or Logging Application? NO YES NO Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP KM MILES HRS MOS Refuse Trk 10,000 6, Mixer/Dumper 10,000 6, Del. Truck 10,000 6, Shuttle or Transit Bus 10,000 6, School Bus 10,000 6, Fire Truck 10,000 6, Recreational Vehicle 10,000 6, Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP KM MILES HRS MOS Truck Crane 10,000 6, Yard Spotter 10,000 6, Paver N/A N/A Cranes N/A N/A Backhoe N/A N/A Dozer N/A N/A Scraper N/A N/A Skidder N/A N/A (1) Or whichever comes first. If your application accumulates high hours and low mileage, the change interval is determined by hours. Example: Transit buses and refuse trucks may average 16 Km/h [10 MPH] when used in an all urban routes. Oil drain intervals in those applications are 4,800 Km [3,000 mi], or less. Is your vehicle used in an Agricultural or Stationary Power Application? NO YES Change Interval KM MILES HOURS MOS 10,000 6, Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP HOURS MONTHS Farm Tractors Combines Irrigation Equip Generator Set Air Compressor Fire Pump Pleasure Boat Work Boat

68 Lubricating Oil and Filter Changing WARNING Avoid prolonged and repeated skin contact with used engine oils. Such prolonged and repeated contact may cause skin disorders or other bodily injury. Avoid excessive contact - wash thoroughly after contact. Keep out of reach of children. PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT: Handling and disposal of used engine oil may be subject to federal, state and local law and regulation. Use authorized waste disposal facilities, including civic amenity sites and garages providing authorized facilities for receipt of used oil. If in doubt, contact your state and local environmental authorities or the Environmental Protection Agency for guidance as to proper handling and disposal of used engine oil. 4-4 C-1

69 NOTE If the engine is in service, the oil drain interval of 10,000 Km [6,000 miles] 250 hours or 3 months (or approved extended interval from the Chart on Page 4-3) must be observed. Change the oil and filters to remove the contaminants suspended in the oil. NOTE Drain the oil only when it is hot and the contaminants are in suspension. 17 mm WARNING Hot oil can cause personal injury. Operate the engine until the water temperature reaches 60 C [140 F]. Shut the engine off. Remove the oil drain plug. NOTE Use a container that can hold at least 20 liters [15 U.S. qts.] of oil. 4-5 C-1

70 90 to 95 mm Filter Wrench Clean the area around the lubricating oil filter head. Remove the filter. Clean the gasket surface of the filter head. NOTE The O-ring can stick on the filter head. Make sure it is removed before installing the new filter. Make sure the correct oil filter is used. The filter for the six-cylinder engine is longer than the filter for four-cylinder engines. B = Standard for six-cylinder applications. CAUTION A 6 cylinder oil filter can be used on a 4 cylinder engine. Do not use a 4 cylinder oil filter on a 6 cylinder engine. Use of a 4 cylinder oil filter on a 6 cylinder engine will result in engine damage. 4-6 C-1

71 NOTE Fill the filters with clean lubricating oil before installation. Apply a light film of lubricating oil to the gasket sealing surface before installing the filters. CAUTION Mechanical over-tightening can distort the threads or damage the filter element seal. Install the filter as specified by the filter manufacturer. 4-7

72 17 mm Check and clean the oil drain plug threads and sealing surface. Install the oil drain plug. Torque Value: 80 N m [60 ft-lb] NOTE Use high quality 15W-40 multi-viscosity lubricating oil or its equivalent in Cummins engines. Choose the correct lubricating oil for your operating climate as outlined in Section V. 4-8

73 Fill the engine with clean oil to the proper level. Engine capacity is 17.3 qts (16.4 I). Operate the engine at idle to inspect for leaks at the filters and the drain plug. 4-9

74 Stop the engine. Wait approximately 15 minutes to let the oil drain from the upper parts of the engine. Check the oil level again. Add oil as necessary to bring the oil level to the H (High) mark on the dipstick. Air Intake System Inspection Inspect the intake piping for cracked hoses, loose clamps, or punctures which can allow dirt and debris to enter the engine. Tighten or replace parts as necessary to make sure the air intake system does not leak. 4-10

75 Charge Air Cooler Inspection If the engine experiences a turbocharger failure or any other occasion where oil or debris is put into the CAC, the CAC must be cleaned. Remove the CAC from the vehicle. Refer to the vehicle manufacturer s instructions. Visually inspect the CAC for cracks, holes or damage. Inspect the tubes, fins and welds for tears, breaks or other damage. Refer to Section A to find the leak check procedure. 4-11

76 Cleaning Flush the CAC internally with solvent in the opposite direction of normal air flow. Shake the CAC and lightly tap on the end tanks with a rubber mallet to dislodge trapped debris. Continue flushing until all debris or oil is removed. CAUTION Do not use caustic cleaners to clean the CAC. Damage to the CAC will result. After the CAC has been thoroughly cleaned of all oil and debris with solvent, wash the CAC internally with hot soapy water to remove the remaining solvent. Rinse thoroughly with clean water. Blow compressed air into the CAC in the opposite direction of normal air flow until the CAC is dry internally. Refer to the vehicle manufacturer s instructions for installation procedures. 4-12

77 Section 5 Maintenance Procedures at 19,000 Kilometers [12,000 Miles], 500 Hours or 6 Months Section Contents Fuel Filter Replacement Fuel System Bleeding General Information High Pressure Lines Re-Tighten Line Fittings Venting Low Pressure Lines and Fuel Filter(s) Venting Page 5-1 C-1

78 General Information All checks or inspections listed under daily or previous maintenance intervals must also be performed at this time in addition to those listed under this maintenance interval. 5-2

79 Fuel Filter Replacement mm and mm Clean the area around the fuel filter head. Remove the filter. Clean the gasket surface of the filter head. Fill the new filter with clean fuel and lubricate the filter gasket with clean lubricating oil. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. 5-3

80 CAUTION Mechanical tightening will distort the threads, filter element seal or filter can. Install the filter as specified by the filter manufacturer. Fuel System Bleeding Controlled venting is provided at the injection pump through the fuel drain manifold. Small amounts of air introduced by changing the filters or injection pump supply line will be vented automatically, if the fuel filter is changed in accordance with the instructions. No manual bleeding of fuel lines is required. 5-4

81 NOTE Manual bleeding is required if: The fuel filter is not filled prior to installation. Injection pump is replaced. High pressure fuel line connections are loosened or lines replaced. Initial engine start up or start up after an extended period of no engine operation. Vehicle fuel tank has run empty. Low Pressure Lines and Fuel Filter(s) Venting 8 mm Open the vent screw. 5-5

82 Operate the priming button on the lift pump until the fuel flowing from the fitting is free of air. Tighten the bleed screw. Torque Value: 9 N m [7 ft-lb] High Pressure Lines Venting 17 mm, 19 mm WARNING The pressure of the fuel in the line is sufficient to penetrate the skin and cause serious bodily harm. Venting is accomplished by loosening one or more fittings at the injectors and cranking the engine to allow entrapped air to bleed from the lines. 5-6 C-1

83 Re-Tighten Line Fittings Torque Value: 30 N m [22 ft-lb] WARNING Do not bleed a hot engine as this could cause fuel to spill onto a hot exhaust manifold creating a danger of fire. Start the engine and vent one line at a time until the engine runs smoothly. CAUTION When using the starting motor to vent the system, do not engage it for more than 30 seconds at a time: Wait two (2) minutes between engagements. WARNING It is necessary to put the engine in the RUN position. Because the engine may start, be sure to follow all the safety precautions. Use the normal engine starting procedure. 5-7 C-1

84 NOTES 5-8 C-1

85 Section 6 Maintenance Procedures at 38,000 Kilometers [24,000 Miles], 1000 Hours or 1 Year Section Contents Drive Belt Inspection Drive Belt Tension Check General Information Valves Adjustment Six-Cylinder Engine Adjustment Page 6-1 C-1

86 General Information All checks or inspections listed under daily or previous maintenance intervals must also be performed at this time in addition to those listed under this maintenance interval. The procedures given in this section for valve lash adjustment are to be performed at the initial 38,000 km [24,000 mi] adjustment. Subsequent adjustments are to be performed at 77,000 km [48,000 mi] intervals. 6-2

87 Valves Adjustment 15 mm Remove the valve cover. 1/2 Inch Drive, Engine Barring Gear Locate Top Dead Center (TDC) for Cylinder Number 1 by barring engine slowly while pressing on the engine timing pin. The barring gear inserts into the flywheel housing and engages the flywheel ring gear. The engine can then be rotated by hand using a 1/2 inch ratchet or breaker bar. 6-3 C-1

88 When the pin engages the hole in the camshaft gear, Cylinder Number 1 is at TDC on the compression stroke. CAUTION To prevent damage to the engine or pin, be sure to disengage the pin after locating TDC. 6-4 C-1

89 Feeler Gauge Intake Clearance: mm [0.010 IN] Exhaust Clearance: mm [0.020 IN] Check/set valves with engine cold - below 60 C [140 F]. NOTE The clearance is correct when some resistance is felt when the feeler gauge is slipped between the valve stem and the rocker lever. 6-5 C-1

90 Six-Cylinder Engine Adjustment 14 mm, Flatblade Screwdriver Locate Top Dead Center (TDC) for Cylinder Number 1 Check/adjust the valves as indicated in the illustration (I = Intake, E = Exhaust). Tighten the lock nut and measure the valve lash again. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] Mark the pulley/vibration damper and rotate the crank-shaft 360 degrees. CAUTION To prevent engine or pin damage, be sure timing pin is disengaged. 6-6 C-1

91 Adjust the valves as indicated in the illustration. Tighten the lock nut and measure the valve lash again. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 15 mm Install the valve covers and tighten capscrews. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 6-7 C-1

92 Drive Belt Tension Check Measure the belt deflection at the longest span of the belt. Maximum Deflection: 9.5 to 12.7 mm [3/8 to 1/2 inch] NOTE The Cummins belt tension gauge, Part No. ST-1293 can be used. Gauge Value: 267 to 578 N [60 to 130 Lbf] 6-8 C-1

93 Drive Belt Inspection 3/8 Inch Square Drive, 13 mm Remove the drive belt. Lift the tensioner to remove and install the belt. NOTE After the tensioner has been raised to remove/ install the belt, check the torque of the tensioner capscrew. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-ib] Inspect the belt for damage. Transverse (across the belt width) cracks are acceptable. Longitudinal (direction of belt length) cracks that intersect with Transverse cracks are not acceptable. Replace the belt if is has unacceptable cracks, is frayed or has pieces of material missing. 6-9 C-1

94 NOTES 6-10 C-1

95 Section 7 Maintenance Procedures at 77,000 Kilometers [48,000 Mi.], 2000 Hours or 2 Years Section Contents Air Compressor Air Compressor Discharge Inspection Inspection Cooling System Maintenance Coolant Draining Coolant System Filling Cooling System Flushing General Information Vibration Damper (Rubber) Inspection Page 7-1

96 General Information All checks or inspections listed under daily or previous maintenance intervals must also be performed at this time in addition to those listed under this maintenance interval. 7-2

97 Cooling System Maintenance Coolant Draining WARNING Avoid prolonged and repeated skin contact with used antifreeze. Such prolonged repeated contact can cause skin disorders or other bodily injury. Avoid excessive contact - wash thoroughly after contact. Keep out of reach of children. Protect the environment: Handling and disposal of used antifreeze can be subject to federal, state, and local law regulation. Use authorized waste disposal facilities, including civic amenity sites and garages providing authorized facilities for the receipt of used antifreeze. If in doubt, contact your local authorities or the EPA for guidance as to proper handling of used antifreeze. WARNING Wait until the temperature is below 50 C [120 F] before removing the coolant system pressure cap. Failure to do so can cause personal injury from heated coolant spray. 7-3

98 Drain the cooling system by opening the drain valve on the radiator and removing the plug in the bottom of the water inlet. A drain pan with a capacity of 20 liters [5 U.S. gallons] will be adequate in most applications. Check for damaged hoses and loose or damaged hose clamps. Replace as required. Check the radiator for leaks, damage and build up of dirt. Clean and repair as required. 7-4

99 Cooling System Flushing CAUTION During filling, air must be vented from the engine coolant passages. The air vents through the jiggle pin openings to the top radiator hose and out the fill opening. Additional venting is provided for engines equipped with an aftercooler. Open the petcock during filling. NOTE Adequate venting is provided for a fill rate of 19 liters/minute [5 U.S. Gallon/minute]. Fill the system with a mixture of sodium carbonate and water (or a commercially available equivalent). NOTE Use 0.5 kilogram [1.0 pound] of sodium carbonate for every 23 liters [6.0 U.S. gallons] of water. CAUTION Do not install the radiator cap. The engine is to be operated without the cap for this process. 7-5

100 Operate the engine for five minutes with the coolant temperature above 80 C [176 F]. Shut the engine off and drain the cooling system. Fill the cooling system with clean water. NOTE Be sure to vent the engine and aftercooler for complete filling. NOTE Do not install the radiator cap or the new coolant filter. 7-6

101 Operate the engine for five minutes with the coolant temperature above 80 C [176 F]. Shut the engine off and drain the cooling system. NOTE If the water being drained is still dirty, the system must be flushed again until the water is clean. Coolant System Filling The system has a design fill rate of 19 liters per minute [5 U.S. Gallons per minute]. CAUTION The system must be filled properly to prevent air locks. During filling, air must be vented from the engine coolant passages. Be sure to open the petcock on the aftercooler for aftercooled engines. Wait 2 to 3 minutes to allow air to be vented, then add mixture to bring the level to the top. 7-7

102 Use a mixture of 50 percent water and 50 percent ethylene glycol antifreeze to fill the cooling system. Coolant Capacity (Engine Only) Liter [U.S. Quarts] 4B3.9 4BT3.9 4BTA3.9* 6B5.9 6BT5.9 6BTA5.9* 7.0 [7.4] 7.9 [8.4] 9 [9.5] 9.9 [10.5] * 4BTA and 6BTA engines use a jacket-water aftercooler. If a Charge Air Cooler is used, the coolant capacity is the same as the naturally aspirated or turbocharged only engines. CAUTION Never use water alone for coolant. Damage from corrosion can be the result of using water alone for coolant. 7-8

103 Install the pressure cap. Operate the engine until it reaches a temperature of 80 C [180 F], and check for coolant leaks. Check the coolant level again to make sure the system is full of coolant, or that the coolant level has risen to the hot level in the recovery bottle on the system, if so equipped. Vibration Damper (Rubber) Inspection Check the index lines (A) on the damper hub (B) and the inertia member (C). If the lines are more than 1.59 mm [1/16 inch] out of alignment, replace the damper. WARNING Before removing the pressure cap, wait until the coolant temperature is below 50 C [120 F]. Failure to do so can cause personal injury from heated coolant spray. 7-9

104 Inspect the rubber member for deterioration. If pieces of rubber are missing or if the elastic member is more than 3.18mm [1/8 inch] below the metal surface, replace the damper. NOTE Also look for forward movement of the damper ring on the hub. Replace the damper if any movement is detected. Air Compressor Inspection CAUTION All air compressors have a small amount of lubricating oil carry over which lubricates the piston rings and moving parts. When this lubricating oil is exposed to normal air compressor operating temperatures over a period of time, the lubricating oil will form varnish or carbon deposits. If the following inspections are not done, the air compressor piston rings will be affected by high operating temperatures and will not seal correctly. 7-10

105 Air Compressor Discharge Inspection Drain the air system wet tank to release the system air pressure. Remove the air discharge line from the air compressor. Measure the total carbon deposit thickness inside the air discharge line as shown. If the total carbon deposit (X + X) exceeds 2 mm [1/16-inch], clean and inspect the cylinder head, the valve assembly, and the discharge line. Replace if necessary. Contact your Authorized Repair Location for procedures. 7-11

106 If the total carbon deposit exceeds specifications, continue checking the air discharge line connections up to the first tank until total carbon deposit is less than 2 mm [1/16-inch]. Clean or replace any lines or connections that exceed this specification. Inspect any air driers, spitter valves, pressure relief valves, and alcohol injectors for carbon deposits or malfunctioning parts. Inspect for air leaks. Maintain and repair the parts according to the manufacturer s specifications. 7-12

107 Section T Troubleshooting Section Contents Page Troubleshooting Procedures and Techniques...T-3 Troubleshooting Symptoms...T-3 Alternator Not Charging or Insufficient Charging... T-36 Coolant Contaminated... T-21 Coolant Loss... T-19 Coolant Temperature Above Normal... T-17 Coolant Temperature Below Normal... T-20 Engine Cranks But Will Not Start (No Smoke From Exhaust)...T-7 Engine Hard to Start or Will Not Start (Exhaust Smoke Present)...T-5 Engine Misfiring... T-31 Engine Noises Excessive... T-35 Engine Starts But Will Not Keep Running...T-9 Engine Surges at Idle... T-12 Engine Will Not Crank or Cranks Slowly...T-4 Engine Will Not Reach Rated Speed When Loaded... T-26 Engine Will Not Shut Off... T-10 Exhaust Smoke Excessive Under Load... T-24 Fuel Consumption Excessive... T-33 Fuel Knock... T-32 Fuel or Oil Leaking from Exhaust Manifold... T-23 Lubricating Oil Contaminated... T-22 Lubricating Oil Loss... T-16 Lubricating Oil Pressure Low... T-13 Lubricating Oil Pressure Too High... T-15 Power Output Low... T-28 Rough Idle, Warm Engine... T-11 T-1

108 Page Troubleshooting Symptoms - Continued Vibration Excessive... T-34 White Smoke Excessive During Cold Start...T-37 T-2

109 Troubleshooting Procedures and Techniques This guide describes some typical engine operating problems, their causes, and some acceptable corrections to those problems. Unless noted otherwise, the problems listed are those which an operator can diagnose and repair. See an Authorized Repair Location for diagnosis and repair of problems not listed. Follow the suggestions below to develop good troubleshooting procedures: Study the problem thoroughly before acting. Do the easiest and obvious things first. Find and correct the basic cause of the problem. Troubleshooting Symptoms Use the charts given on the following pages to help find the cause and correction of a malfunction. Read each row of blocks from top to bottom. Follow the arrows through the chart to identify corrective action. T-3

110 Engine Will Not Crank or Cranks Slowly Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-4

111 Engine Hard to Start or Will Not Start (Exhaust Smoke Present) Cause Correction Cause Correction T-5

112 Engine Hard to Start or Will Not Start (Exhaust Smoke Present) (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-6

113 Engine Cranks But Will Not Start (No Smoke From Exhaust) Cause Correction Cause Correction T-7

114 Engine Cranks But Will Not Start (No Smoke From Exhaust) (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-8

115 Engine Starts But Will Not Keep Running Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-9

116 Engine Will Not Shut Off Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-10

117 Rough Idle, Warm Engine Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-11

118 Engine Surges at Idle Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-12

119 Lubricating Oil Pressure Low Cause Correction Cause Correction T-13

120 Lubricating oil Pressure Low (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-14

121 Lubricating Oil Pressure Too High Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-15

122 Lubricating Oil Loss Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-16

123 Coolant Temperature Above Normal Cause Correction Cause Correction T-17

124 Coolant Temperature Above Normal (Continued) Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-18

125 Coolant Loss Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-19 C-1

126 Coolant Temperature Below Normal Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-20 C-1

127 Coolant Contaminated Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-21

128 Lubricating Oil Contaminated Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-22

129 Fuel or Oil Leaking from Exhaust Manifold Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-23

130 Exhaust Smoke Excessive Under Load Cause Correction Cause Correction T-24

131 Exhaust Smoke Excessive Under Load (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-25

132 Engine Will Not Reach Rated Speed When Loaded Cause Correction Cause Correction T-26

133 Engine Will Not Reach Rated Speed When Loaded (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-27

134 Power Output Low Cause Correction Cause Correction T-28

135 Power Output Low (Continued) Cause Correction Cause Correction T-29 C-1

136 Power Output Low (Continued) Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-30 C-1

137 Engine Misfiring Cause Correction Cause Correction T-31

138 Fuel Knock Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-32

139 Fuel Consumption Excessive Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-33

140 Vibration Excessive Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-34

141 Engine Noises Excessive Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-35

142 Alternator Not Charging or Insufficient Charging Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-36

143 White Smoke Excessive During Cold Start Cause Correction Cause Correction T-37

144 White Smoke Excessive During Cold Start (Continued) Cause Correction Cause Correction Contact an Authorized Repair Facility T-38

145 Section A Adjustment, Replacement and Repair Section Contents Page Air System Repair... A-48 Air Crossover Tube - Replacement... A-48 Charge Air Cooler - Leak Check... A-56 Exhaust Manifold and Gaskets - Replacement... A-69 Intake Manifold Cover and Gasket - Replacement... A-49 Jacket-Water Aftercooler and Gasket - Replacement... A-52 Turbocharger - Replacement... A-59 Air System Repair Summary... A-47 Cooling System Repair... A-5 Belt Tensioner - Replacement... A-6 Drive Belt - Replacement... A-5 Fan Pulley - Replacement... A-7 Thermostat - Replacement... A-14 Water Pump - Replacement... A-8 Cooling System Repair Summary... A-4 Electrical System Repair... A-81 Alternator - Replacement... A-82 Starting Motor - Replacement... A-81 Electrical System Repair Summary... A-80 A-1 C-1

146 Fuel System Repair - In-Line Pump... A-21 Fuel Drain Manifold - Replacement... A-27 Fuel Shutoff Solenoid - Replacement... A-33 Fuel System Components - Cleaning... A-21 High Pressure Fuel Lines - Replacement... A-25 Injection Pump - Installation... A-38 Injection Pump - Removal... A-35 Injection Pump - Replacement... A-34 Injectors - Replacement... A-29 Lift Pump - Replacement... A-23 Low Pressure Fuel Line - Replacement... A-21 RQVK Governor Shutoff Solenoid... A-33 Fuel System Repair Summary... A-20 Injection Pump - Idle Speed Adjustment... A-46 RQVK Governor... A-46 Lubricating System Repair... A-73 Oil Cooler Element and Gasket - Replacement... A-74 Oil Pressure Regulator, Valve and Spring - Replacement... A-73 Lubricating System Repair Summary... A-72 Repair Tools Required... A-3 Page A-2 C-1

147 Repair Tools Required Sockets Wrenches Other 10 mm 12 mm 8 mm Allen Wrench (8 mm) 13mm 10 mm Breaker Bar (1/2 in. Sq. Drive) 15 mm 13 mm Flat Screwdriver 17 mm 15 mm Ratchet (3/8 in. Sq. Drive) 18 mm 17 mm (open end) Ratchet (1/2 in. Sq. Drive) 19 mm 19 mm Filter Wrenches (75-80 mm and mm) 22 mm 22 mm Drill Motor (1/4 inch) 27 mm 24 mm Drill Bit (3 mm) Slide Hammer Flat Chisel T-Bar Puller (75 mm) Sheet Metal Screw (#10) Torque Wrench Pliers Engine Barring Gear A-3 C-1

148 Cooling System Repair Summary Component To Be Replaced Tools Preparatory Steps Drive Belt Breaker Bar (3/8 inch square drive) Belt Tensioner Ratchet (3/8 inch drive) Remove Drive Belt 13 mm Socket and Torque Wrench Fan Hub 13 mm Socket/Wrench Remove Drive Belt and Fan Pulley Water Pump 10 mm Socket/Wrench Drain Coolant and Remove Drive Belt Thermostat 10 mm, 18 mm and 19 mm Socket/Wrench Drain Coolant, Remove Drive Belt, Loosen Alternator Link, Remove Alternator Mounting Capscrew, Remove Thermostat WARNING Avoid prolonged and repeated skin contact with used antifreeze and wash thoroughly after contact. Keep out of reach of children. Such prolonged repeated contact can cause skin disorders or other bodily injury. Wait until the temperature is below 50 C [120 F] before removing the coolant system pressure cap. Failure to do so can cause personal injury from heated coolant spray. A-4 C-1

149 Cooling System Repair Drive Belt - Replacement 3/8 Inch Square Drive Lift the tensioner arm and pulley to remove and install the belt. The belt tensioner winds in the direction that the spring tang is bent over the tensioner body. To loosen the tension on the belt, rotate the tensioner to wind the spring tighter. CAUTION Applying excessive force in the opposite direction of wind-up or after the tensioner has been wound-up to the positive stop can cause the tensioner arm to break. A-5 C-1

150 Belt Tensioner - Replacement Preparatory Step: Remove the drive belt. 13 mm Remove the belt tensioner from the bracket. A-6 C-1

151 13 mm Install the belt tensioner. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-lb] Fan Pulley Replacement Preparatory Steps: Remove the drive belt. NOTE Loosen the capscrews before removing the belt and torque the capscrews after the belt is installed. A-7 C-1

152 10 mm and 13 mm Remove the four capscrews, fan and spacer. Replace the fan pulley. Torque Values: 8 mm Capscrews - 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 10 mm Capscrews - 43 N m [32 ft-lb] Water Pump Replacement Preparatory Steps: Drain the coolant. Remove the drive belt. A-8 C-1

153 10 mm Remove the water pump. Clean the sealing surface on the cylinder block. A-9 C-1

154 Install a new O-ring into the groove in the water pump. 10 mm Install the water pump. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-10 C-1

155 Lift the tensioner arm and pulley to install the drive belt. CAUTION The system must be filled properly to prevent air locks. During filling, air must be vented from the engine coolant passages. Be sure to open the petcock on the aftercooler for aftercooled engines. The system has a design fill rate of 19 liters per minute [5 U.S. gallons per minute]. Do not exceed this fill rate. Wait 2 to 3 minutes to allow air to be vented. Then add coolant to bring the level to the top. A-11 C-1

156 Close the drain valves. Fill the cooling system with a mixture of 50% water and 50% ethylene-glycol type antifreeze. This will provide freeze protection to C [-34 F]. Coolant Capacity (Engine Only) B [9.5] Liters [U.S. Quarts] A-12 C-1

157 Install the pressure cap. Operate the engine until it reaches a temperature of 80 C [180 F], and check for coolant leaks A-13 C-1

158 Thermostat Replacement Preparatory Steps: Disconnect the negative battery cable. Drain 2 liters (2.1 U.S. Quarts) of coolant. Remove the radiator hose from the outlet connection. Remove the drive belt. 14 mm, 16 mm Loosen the lower alternator link capscrew. Remove the upper alternator mounting capscrew. A-14 C-1

159 Lower the alternator. 10 mm Remove the thermostat housing, lifting bracket, thermostat and thermostat seal. A-15 C-1

160 Clean the gasket surfaces. NOTE Do not let any debris fall into the thermostat cavity when cleaning gasket surfaces. CAUTION Always use the correct thermostat and never operate the engine without a thermostat. An incorrect thermostat can cause the engine to overheat or run too cold. The engine will overheat if operated without a thermostat because the coolant flows back to the inlet of the water pump instead of through the radiator for cooling. A-16 C-1

161 Assemble the removed parts in the reverse order of removal. Make sure the gasket is aligned with the capscrew holes. Install the capscrews and use your fingers at first to tighten. The notched end of the rubber thermostat seal points away from the cylinder head. 10 mm Tighten all capscrews. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-17 C-1

162 14 mm, 16 mm Position the alternator and install the mounting capscrew. Torque Value: (A) 24 N m (B) 43 N m [18 ft-lb] [32 ft-lb] 13 mm Install the drive belt. NOTE After the tensioner has been raised to remove/ install the belt, check the torque of the tensioner capscrew. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-lb] A-18 C-1

163 Fill the cooling system. Operate the engine and check for leaks. CAUTION Be sure to vent the engine and aftercooler during filling, to remove air from the coolant system or overheating will result. A-19 C-1

164 Fuel System Repair Summary Component To Be Replaced Tools Preparatory Steps Lift Pump 13, 14 and 17 mm Wrenches Clean debris. High Pressure Lines 10 mm Socket, 14, 17, and 19 mm Open End Wrenches and a Torque Wrench Clean debris. Injector Fuel Drain Manifold Injectors Injection Pump Fuel Solenoid (Rotary Pump) Fuel Filter Head A-20 C-1 10 mm and 19 mm Open End Wrenches, 10 mm and 13 mm Sockets, and a Torque Wrench Ratchet, 24 mm Socket (deep well), and a Torque Wrench Injector bore cleaning brush. 10 mm Wrench, Ratchet, 22 mm Socket, 75 mm T-Bar Puller (w/2 8 mm capscrews) 1/2 in. open end wrench flat Screwdriver 13 mm Socket, 13 mm Wrench, Hammer, flat Chisel and a Torque Wrench. Robert Bosch 24 mm Wrench, Lucas CAV 22 mm Wrench 24 mm, mm and mm Filter Wrench WARNING Disconnect the high pressure lines and fuel drain manifold. Remove high pressure lines, supply line and return line. Remove the AFC air line, oil line(s), fuel shutoff solenoid and control linkage. Label and disconnect wiring Clean debris. Do not mix gasoline, alcohol, or gasohol with diesel fuel. This mixture content would be highly flammable and can cause an explosion. Avoid having any ignition source close to fuel mixture.

165 Fuel System Repair - In-Line Pump Fuel System Components - Cleaning Thoroughly clean all fittings and components before removal. Make sure that the debris, water, steam or cleaning solution does not reach the inside of the fuel system. Low Pressure Fuel Line Replacement - Preparatory Step Clean debris from fittings. A-21 C-1

166 14 mm, 17 mm, 20 mm Disconnect the fuel line from the lift pump and filter head. Use two wrenches to disconnect the line from the lift pump. A-22 C-1

167 14 mm, 17 mm, 20 mm Install the fuel line to the lift pump and filter head. Use two wrenches to tighten the connection to the lift pump. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] Lift Pump Replacement Preparatory Steps: Clean debris Disconnect the fuel lines A-23 C-1

168 10 mm Remove the lift pump. Clean the mounting surface on the cylinder block and spacer. A-24 C-1

169 10 mm CAUTION Alternately tighten the mounting capscrews. As the capscrews are tightened, the fuel transfer pump plunger is pushed into the pump. Failure to tighten the capscrews in an even manner can result in the plunger being bent or broken. Install the pump. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] High Pressure Fuel Lines - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Clean debris. A-25 C-1

170 8 mm, 17 mm, and 19 mm NOTE If individual lines are to be replaced, remove the support clamp from the set of lines containing the line to be replaced. Disconnect the line(s) from the injectors. 19 mm Disconnect the line(s) from the fuel pump. NOTE If removed, reinstall the support clamp in the original position and make sure the lines do not contact each other or another component. Install a protective cover on the injectors and fuel delivery valves to prevent the entry of dirt into the system. Install the lines in the reverse order of removal. Torque Value: (Line Fittings) 24 N m [18 ft-lb] (Support Clamp) 6 N m [52 in-lb] (Support Bracket) 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-26 C-1

171 Fuel Drain Manifold - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Clean debris. 10 mm Remove the drain line banjo capscrew from the fuel filter head. Remove the capscrew from the bracket on the intake cover. A-27 C-1

172 10 mm Remove the banjo capscrews from the injectors. NOTE Use new seals and sealing washers. Assemble the drain line and fuel drain manifold in the reverse order of removal. Torque Value: (Banjo fitting screw) 15 N m [11 ft-lb] (Banjo fitting) 9 N m [80 in-lb] (Bracket Capscrew) 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-28 C-1

173 Injectors - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Thoroughly clean around the injectors. Remove the high pressure fuel lines. Remove the fuel drain manifold. 24 mm Remove the injectors. A-29 C-1

174 Injector Bore Brush Clean the injector nozzle bore, using Service Tool No Lubricate the sealing lips of the sleeve with antiseize compound. Package the injector, sealing sleeve, a new copper sealing washer and the holddown clamp. Use only one washer. NOTE A light coat of clean 15W40 engine oil between the washer and injector can help to keep the washer from falling during installation. A-30 C-1

175 Install the injector package into the injector bore. The injector leak off connection must be away from the valve cover. 24 mm Tighten the injector nozzle nut. The protrusion on the side of the nozzle fits into a notch in the head to orient the injector. Torque Value: 60 N m [44 ft-lb] A-31 C-1

176 10 mm Install the fuel drain manifold. Torque Value: 9 N m [80 in-lb] 17 mm, 19 mm Install the high pressure fuel lines. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-32 C-1

177 Fuel Shutoff Solenoid - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Label and disconnect the wiring. RQVK Governor Shutoff Solenoid 10 mm Remove the hitch pin clip, mounting capscrews and the fuel shutoff solenoid. Install the new solenoid in reverse order of removal and connect the wires. Make sure the part number and cable tie block is facing away from the engine. Torque Value: 10 N m [89 in-lb] A-33 C-1

178 10 mm, 16 mm Adjust the solenoid linkage as necessary so that the plunger is magnetically held in with the shutoff lever in the absolute full run position. Turn the large hex on the end of the plunger to make adjustments. Injection Pump - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Clean debris. Remove all fuel lines. Remove control linkage. Remove fuel shutoff solenoid. Remove AFC air line Remove oil line(s) A-34 C-1

179 NOTE A diesel engine can not tolerate dirt or water in the fuel system. A tiny piece of dirt or a few drops of water in the injection system may stop your units. Clean all external surfaces of the injection pump, including all line connections and fittings that are to be disconnected. Clean the area around the injection pump gear cover to prevent dirt from entering the crankcase. Injection Pump - Removal Engine Barring Gear Locate TDC for cylinder No. 1. Push the TDC pin into the hole in the camshaft gear while slowly barring the engine. NOTE Be sure to disengage the pin after locating TDC. The barring gear inserts into the flywheel housing and engages the flywheel ring gear. The engine can then be rotated by hand using a 1/2 inch ratchet or breaker bar. A-35 C-1

180 10 mm Remove the fuel pump mounting bracket. 30 mm (P Pump) Remove the gear cover access cap. Remove the nut and washer from the fuel pump shaft. A-36 C-1

181 75 mm T-Bar Puller Pull the fuel pump drive gear loose from the shaft. 15 mm Remove the four mounting nuts. Remove the fuel pump. A-37 C-1

182 Injection Pump - Installation Engine Barring Gear Make sure the engine has cylinder No. 1 at TDC. The barring gear inserts into the flywheel housing and engages the flywheel ring gear. The engine can then be rotated by hand using a 1/2 inch ratchet or breaker bar. Injection Pump - Timing The injection pump also has a timing pin, located in the governor housing, to position the pump shaft to correspond with TDC for cylinder No. 1. A-38 C-1

183 24 mm Remove the access plug. Remove the timing pin. A-39 C-1

184 If the timing tooth is not aligned with the timing pin hole, rotate the pump shaft until the timing tooth aligns. Reverse the position of the pin so the slot of the pin will fit over the timing tooth in the pump. Install and secure the pin with the access plug. A-40 C-1

185 NOTE If the mounting flange O-ring has a colored stripe, it can not be reused. Replace with a new O-ring. Furthermore, do not lubricate the new type O-ring. Instead, lubricate the seating area of the gear housing. Lubricate the mounting flange of the fuel injection pump with clean engine oil. CAUTION The fuel pump drive gear inside diameter and the shaft outside diameter must be clean and dry before installing the shaft into the gear. A non-petroleum based cleaner should be used to clean the drive gear and shaft mounting surfaces. Failure to do so will result in gear slippage in the retarded direction. NOTE The P7100 fuel injection pump driveshaft has a provision for a Woodruff key, however, it is not required. Timing mark alignment is not required for the P7100 drive gear. A-41 C-1

186 Slide the pump shaft through the drive gear and position the pump flange onto the mounting studs. Push the pump forward until the mounting flange and o-ring are properly fitted into the gear housing bore. Use your fingers to tighten the capscrews for the support bracket, if so equipped. 15 mm Tighten the mounting nuts. Tighten the capscrews for the rear support bracket. Torque Value: Mounting Nuts 44 N m [32 ft-lb] Support Bracket 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-42 C-1

187 22 mm (A Pump), 30 mm (P Pump) Install the fuel injection pump retaining nut and washer. Torque Value: 10 to 15 N m [89 in-lb to 11 ft-lb] CAUTION Do not exceed the torque value given. This is not the final torque value for the retaining nut. Disengage the engine timing pin. A-43 C-1

188 24 mm Remove the fuel pump timing pin plug. Reverse the position of the pin and install the pin, plug, and sealing washer. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 22 mm or 27 mm Tighten the fuel pump drive nut. Torque Value: P7100 Pump, 178 N m [132 ft-lb] Install the gear cover access cap hand tight. A-44 C-1

189 10 mm Install the fuel pump mounting bracket capscrews finger tight. To make sure the alignment is correct, tighten the support mounting capscrews. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 10 mm Hex Drive CAUTION If a replacement or or repaired pump pump was was in- installed, be be sure to to fill the governor housing with engine oil before starting the engine. Failure to do so will result in damage to the governor fly weights. Remove the access plug. Oil Capacity RQVK Governor 750 ML [0.8 Qt] Install the access plug. Torque Value: 28 N m [21 ft-lb] A-45 C-1

190 Injection Pump - Idle Speed Adjustment RQVK Governor 10 mm Screwdriver and Tachometer Idle adjustment for the RQVK governor requires setting of the idle adjustment screw. Loosen the locknut and turn the screw counterclockwise to raise the RPM; clockwise to decrease the idle speed until the data plate specified idle speed is attained with normal idle operation accessory loads (i.e. transmission, hydraulic, air conditioning). Tighten the locknut. A-46 C-1

191 Air System Repair Summary Component To Be Replaced Tools Preparatory Steps* Air Crossover Tubing 8 mm and Common Screwdriver and Torque Wrench Intake Manifold Cover and Gasket 10 mm Socket Remove high pressure fuel lines, disconnect cold starting aid, if used, and air crossover tubing. Aftercooler and Gasket 8 mm, 10 mm Socket Disconnect Cold Starting aid if used, remove air crossover tube and drain coolant. Turbocharger and/or Gasket Exhaust Manifold and/or Gasket 10 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 7/16-Inch Wrenches Disconnect intake and exhaust piping and remove crossover tubing. 15 mm Socket Disconnect intake and exhaust piping, remove air crossover tube and remove the turbocharger. * Removal of some chassis parts may be necessary to gain access to some engine components. Follow the equipment manufacturer s procedures and precautions for removing chassis parts. A-47 C-1

192 Air System Repair Air Crossover Tube - Replacement 8 mm or Screwdriver Loosen the hose clamps and position the hose so the crossover tube can be removed. 8 mm or Screwdriver Use new hose and clamps as required to install the crossover tube. Torque Value: 8 N m [71 in-lb] A-48 C-1

193 Intake Manifold Cover and Gasket Replacement Preparatory Steps: Remove the high pressure fuel lines. Disconnect the cold starting aid, if used. Remove the air crossover tube (Industrial). 10 mm Remove the manifold cover and gasket. NOTE Plug the opening of air intake with a clean shop rag to prevent foreign material from entering combustion chamber. A-49 C-1

194 Clean the sealing surface. NOTE Keep the gasket material and any other material out of the air intake. NOTE The holes shown in the illustration are drilled through and must be sealed by applying liquid teflon sealant to the capscrews. A-50 C-1

195 10 mm Install the cover and a new Gasket. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] Assemble the intake piping and connect the cold starting aid if used. A-51 C-1

196 Install and bleed the high pressure fuel lines. WARNING Do not mix gasoline, alcohol, or gasohol with diesel fuel. This mixture content would be highly flammable and can cause an explosion. Avoid having any ignition source close to fuel mixture. Jacket-Water Aftercooler and Gasket - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Disconnect the cold starting aid, if used. Remove the air crossover tube. Remove high pressure fuel lines. Drain 2 liters (2.1 U.S. Quarts) of coolant. A-52 C-1

197 8 mm Remove the coolant supply tube (1) and the coolant return tube (2). Remove the high pressure fuel lines. (Refer to High Pressure Fuel Lines Section A.) A-53 C-1

198 10 mm Remove the aftercooler housing and gasket. Plug the opening with a clean shop rag to prevent foreign material from entering the air intake. Clean the sealing surface. NOTE Keep the gasket material and any other material out of the air intake. A-54 C-1

199 10 mm NOTE The holes shown in the illustration are drilled through. Apply liquid teflon sealant to the capscrews. Install the aftercooler housing and a new gasket. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] 8 mm Install the coolant supply tube (1) and coolant return tube (2). Install the air crossover tube (3). Reinstall and bleed the high pressure fuel lines. Torque Value: 8 N m [6 ft-lb] A-55 C-1

200 CAUTION The system must be filled slowly to prevent air locks. Be sure to open the engine and aftercooler vents to allow air to escape as the system is filled. Fill the coolant system with a mixture of 50% water and 50% ethylene-glycol type antifreeze. Charge Air Cooler - Leak Check NOTE The long term integrity of the charge air cooler system is the responsibility of the vehicle and component manufacturers; however, the following symptoms can be checked by any Authorized Repair Location: A-56 C-1

201 Intake Manifold Pressure - Check Install pressure gauge, Part No. ST-1273, to the fitting in the turbocharger outlet. Install another pressure gauge, Part No. ST-1273, in the intake manifold. Operate the engine at rated RPM and load. Record the readings on the two gauges. If the differential pressure is greater than 21 kpa [3 psi], check the charge air cooler for plugging. Clean or replace if necessary. Intake Manifold Temperature - Check Install a temperature gauge in the intake manifold. Lock the fan drive in the ON mode to prevent erratic test results. This can be done by installing a jumper across the temperature switch or supplying shop air to the fan. Refer to the fan drive manufacturer for lock-up procedure. NOTE Some trucks have a manual switch that will lock on the fan. A-57 C-1

202 Operate the engine at rated RPM and load. Record the intake manifold temperature. Measure the ambient temperature at least two feet in front of the vehicle. The maximum temperature differential must not be greater than 25 C [45 F]. If the temperature differential is greater than 25 C [45 F], check the charge air cooler for dirt and debris on the fins, and clean as necessary. If the problem still exists, check the cooler for internal contamination or plugging To check the charge air cooler for cracked tubes or header, remove the inlet and outlet hoses from the cooler. Remove the charge air cooler. Using service Tool No , install a cap over the outlet side of the cooler. Install a pressure gauge and a shop air supply line to the inlet side of the cooler. A-58 C-1

203 Apply 276 kpa [40 psi] of air pressure to the cooler. If the pressure drop is 35 kpa [5 psi] or less in 15 seconds, the cooler is okay. If the pressure drop is greater than 35 kpa [5 psi] in 15 seconds, the charge air cooler must be repaired or replaced. Refer to the CAC manufacturer for repair instructions. NOTE A leak tank can be used to locate the air leak. Turbocharger - Replacement Preparatory Steps: Remove the air crossover tube. Disconnect the intake and exhaust piping. A-59 C-1

204 10 mm Remove the capscrews from the oil drain tube. 16 mm Remove the oil supply line. A-60 C-1

205 If equipped with a wastegate turbocharger, remove the intake manifold pressure supply line from the boost capsule. 15 mm and 11 mm Remove the exhaust clamp, turbocharger, and gasket. Plug the opening with a clean shop rag to prevent foreign material from entering exhaust system. A-61 C-1

206 Clean the sealing surface. Inspect the sealing surface and mounting studs for damage. NOTE If the turbocharger is not to be immediately replaced, cover the opening to prevent any material from falling into the manifold. A-62 C-1

207 Install a new gasket and apply anti-seize compound to the mounting studs. 15 mm Install the turbocharger and a new gasket. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-lb] A-63 C-1

208 13 mm If required, bend the lockplates back and loosen the turbine housing capscrews and position the bearing housing to install the turbocharger drain tube. 13 mm Install the hose and clamps on the turbocharger drain tube loosely. Install the drain tube and gasket on the turbocharger. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] A-64 C-1

209 Screwdriver Position the turbocharger drain hose to connect the drain tubes; tighten the clamps. 13 mm, Punch, Hammer It loosened, tighten the turbine housing capscrews. send the lockplates onto the flats to prevent loosening. Torque Value: 20 N m [15 ft-lb] A-65 C-1

210 10 mm If required, loosen the compressor housing and position the housing to align with the crossover tube. Torque Value: 8.5 N m [75 in-lb] 11 mm, Plastic Hammer Tighten the band clamp. Tap around the clamp with a plastic hammer and tighten again. Torque Value: 8.5 N m [75 in-lb] A-66 C-1

211 CAUTION To prevent bearing damage new turbochargers must be prelubricated before startup. Pour 50 to 60 cc [2 to 3 ounces] of clean engine oil into the oil supply fitting. Rotate the turbine wheel to allow the oil to enter the bearing housing. Install the exhaust outlet connection. Do not tighten the two mounting capscrews until the band clamp has been tightened. Torque Value: Band Clamp - 8 N m [6 ft-lb] Capscrews - 43 N m [32 ft-lb] A-67 C-1

212 16 mm Install the oil supply line. Torque Value: 35 N m [26 ft-lb] CAUTION When installing oil supply line, be sure line is not in direct contact with turbine housing or line will burn during operation. If equipped with a wastegate turbocharger, install the intake manifold pressure supply line from the boost capsule A-68 C-1

213 Install the air crossover tube, inlet and exhaust piping. Operate the engine and check for leaks. Exhaust Manifold and Gaskets Replacement Preparatory Steps: Remove the air crossover tube. Disconnect the air intake and exhaust piping. Remove the turbocharger, if used. A-69 C-1

214 15 mm, 13 mm Remove the exhaust manifold and gaskets. Clean the sealing surfaces. A-70 C-1

215 15 mm, 13 mm Install the exhaust manifold and new gaskets. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-lb] Follow the tightening sequence shown in the illustration. Then, follow the same sequence and tighten the capscrews again to the same torque values. Apply an anti-seize compound on exhaust manifold bolt threads upon reassembly. Install the parts previously removed. Operate the engine and check for leaks. A-71 C-1

216 Lubricating System Repair Summary Component To Be Replaced Tools Preparatory Steps Oil Pressure Regulator Valve and/or Spring Oil Cooler Element and/or Gaskets Ratchet, 19 mm Socket and Torque Wrench 16 mm Wrench, Ratchet, 10 mm Socket and Torque Wrench Clean debris. Drain Coolant. Remove the oil filter. WARNING Used engine oil can be carcinogenic and cause reproductive toxicity. Avoid inhalation of vapors, ingestion, and prolonged contact with used engine oil. A-72 C-1

217 Lubricating System Repair Oil Pressure Regulator, Valve and Spring Replacement Preparatory Steps: Clean debris. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. 19 mm Remove the plug and regulator valve A-73 C-1

218 19 mm Clean and inspect the bore and regulator valve before assembly. CAUTION In order to regulate the oil pressure, the valve must move freely in the bore. Install the regulator and spring. Torque Value: 80 N m [60 ft-lb] Oil Cooler Element and Gasket Replacement Preparatory Steps: Drain the coolant. Remove the oil filter. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-74 C-1

219 Clean all debris from around the oil cooler. 16 mm Remove the turbocharger oil supply line from the oil filter head. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-75 C-1

220 10 mm Remove the oil cooler cover, element and gaskets. Clean the sealing surfaces. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-76 C-1

221 Pressurize the element to 483 kpa [70 psi] to check it for leaks. 10 mm Assemble the oil cooler gasket, element, cooler cover gasket and cooler cover to the cylinder block. NOTE Be sure to remove the shipping plugs (A) from the new cooler element. Torque Value: 24 N m [18 ft-lb] NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-77 C-1

222 16 mm Connect the turbocharger oil supply line. Torque Value: 35 N m [26 ft-lb] Install a new oil filter. Follow the manufacturer s instructions for tightening. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-78 C-1

223 CAUTION The system must be filled slowly to prevent air locks. Be sure to open the aftercooler vents to allow air to escape as the system is filled. Fill the coolant system and operate the engine to check for leaks. Stop the engine and check the coolant and oil level. A-79 C-1

224 Electrical System Repair Summary Component To Be Replaced Tools Preparatory Steps Starting Motor Ratchet, 17 mm Socket, 14 mm Wrench, and Torque Wrench Disconnect ground cable to battery. Alternator Ratchet, 8 mm, 14 mm and 16 mm Socket and Torque Wrench, 1/2 inch Square Drive Breaker Bar WARNING Disconnect ground cable to battery and remove drive belt. Batteries can emit explosive gas. Ventilate area before working on or around battery. Keep flame, cigarettes, pilot lights, sparks, wiring switches, equipment, and other ignition sources away. Remove negative (-) cable first and attach it last. A-80 C-1

225 Electrical System Repair Starting Motor - Replacement Disconnect the ground cable from the battery. Identify each electrical wire with a tag indicating location. 14 mm Remove the battery cable from the solenoid. A-81 C-1

226 10 mm Remove the starting motor. Install the starting motor in the reverse order of removal. Torque Value: 43 N m [32 ft-lb] Alternator - Replacement Disconnect the ground cable from the battery terminal. Identify each electrical wire with a tag indicating location. Remove the drive belt. A-82 C-1

227 14 mm Remove the capscrew from the alternator link. 16 mm Remove the alternator mounting capscrews. Remove the alternator. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-83 C-1

228 Position the alternator on the bracket and secure it with the mounting capscrews. Do not tighten at this time. Connect the alternator link to the alternator. Finger tighten. NOTE Make sure the alternator link is properly positioned for correct belt alignment. NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-84 C-1

229 14, 16 mm Tighten the alternator mounting capscrew. Torque Value: A = 24 N m B = 43 N m [18 ft-lb] [32 ft-lb] NOTE The ATEC is similar but not identical to the configuration shown. A-85 C-1

230 NOTES A-86 C-1

231 Section V Specifications and Torque Values Section Contents Arctic Operation... V-11 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values... V-18 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values - Metric... V-19 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values U.S. Customary... V-20 Coolant Recommendations/Specifications... V-12 Engine Component Torque Value... V-14, V-15, V-16 Filter Selection... V-13 Fuel Filter... V-13 Oil Filters... V-13 Fuel Recommendations/Specifications... V-6 General Specifications (Automotive Engines)...V-2, V-3, V-4, V-5 Lubricating Oil Recommendations/Specifications... V-8 New Engine Break-In Oils... V-9 Oil Performance Recommendations... V-8 Oil Viscosity Recommendations... V-8 Recommended Oil Change Intervals... V-9 Sealants... V-17 Page V-1 C-1

232 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Lubricating System kpa [psi] B Bore mm [in.] [4.02] Stroke mm [in.] [4.72] Displacement liter [in. 3 ] [359] Engine Weight (Dry) Less Flywheel and Electrics kg [lbs.] [942] Firing Order Valve Clearances: - Intake mm [in.] [0.010] - Exhaust mm [in.] [0.020] Compression Ratio :1 Rotation, viewed from the Front of the Engine... Clockwise Aspiration: - Naturally Aspirated... - Turbocharged... X - Aftercooled... - Charge Air Cooled... X V-2 C-1

233 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Lubricating System kpa [psi] B Min. Allowable Idle.. 69 [10] Min. Allowable Rated 207 [30] Regulated Pressure [65] Filter Bypass Diff. Pressure 172 [25] Oil Capacity L [QT]: - Standard Pan Only [15] - Total System [17.3] QTS From L to H [2] COOLING SYSTEM L [QT] B Engine Coolant Capacity [9.5] Thermostat Modulating Range: C [F] [ ] Pressure Cap kpa [psi]: - 104C [220 F] [15] - 99C [210 F] [7] V-3 C-1

234 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) Intake, Air, Exhaust, And Fuel System B Maximum Allowable Intake Restriction at Rated Speed and Load with Dirty Air Filter Element mm H 2 O [in. H 2 O] [25] Maximum Allowable Exhaust Restriction at Rated Speed and Load mm Hg [in. Hg] [6]* Maximum Allowable Restriction to fuel transfer Pump With Dirty Filter mm Hg [in. Hg] [4] Maximum Allowable Return Line Restriction mm Hg [in. Hg] [20.4] Maximum Fuel Pressure Drop Across Filters kpa [psi] 34 [5] * with catalyst V-4 C-1

235 General Specifications (Automotive Engines) For General Electrical System Information Refer to TM , Volume 1. V-5 C-1

236 Fuel Recommendations/Specifications WARNING Do not mix gasoline or alcohol with diesel fuel. This mixture can cause an explosion. CAUTION Any adjustment to compensate for reduced performance with a fuel system alternate fuel is not warrantable. Cummins, the diesel engine manufacturer, advises that certain fuels, listed below, can not provide adequate lubrication to the Bosch fuel injection pump internal parts and must not be used. If these fuels are used, it will result in internal parts failure in the Bosch fuel injection pump, due to lack of lubrication, and any warranty repair will be voided. Use ASTM No. 2-D fuel with a minimum Cetane number of 40. No. 2 diesel fuel gives the best economy and performance under most operating conditions. Fuels with Cetane numbers higher than 40 may be needed in high altitudes or extremely low ambient temperatures to prevent misfires and excessive smoke. At operating temperatures below 32º F (0º C), use a blend of No. 1-D and No. 2-D fuels, also known as "winterized" No. 2-D. Use low sulfur content fuel having a cloud point that is at least 10 degrees below the lowest expected fuel temperature. Cloud point is the temperature at which crystals begin to form in diesel fuel. The viscosity of the fuel must be kept above 1.3 centistokes to provide adequate fuel system lubrication at 104º F (40º C). Acceptable Alternate Fuel Types: Unacceptable Fuel Types: No. 1-D Diesel and No. 2 Fuel Oil, No. 1-K Kerosene, No. 2-K Kerosene, Jet-A, Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8* Jet-B, JP-4, and Cite *JP-8 (MIL-T-83133) is acceptable if its lubricity is 3100 grams or greater as measured with the US Army scuffing BOCLE test or Wear Scuff Diameter less than 0.45 mm at 60º C (less than 0.38 mm at 25º C) as measured with the HFRR method. V-6 C-1

237 *JP-8 (MIL-T-83133) is acceptable if its lubricity is 3100 grams or greater as measured with the US Army scuffing BOCLE test or Wear Scuff Diameter less than 0.45 mm at 60º C (less than 0.38 mm at 25º C) as measured with the HFRR method. V-7 C-1

238 Lubricating Oil Recommendations/Specifications Oil Performance Recommendations The use of quality engine lubricating oils combined with appropriate oil drain and filter change intervals are critical factors in maintaining engine performance and durability. Cummins Engine Company, Inc. recommends the use of a high quality SAE 15W-40 heavy duty engine oil (such as Cummins Premium Blue) which meets the American Petroleum Institute (API) performance classification CE/SG. NOTE: CC/CD or CD/SF engine oils can be used in areas where CE oil is not yet available, but the oil change interval must be reduced to one half the interval given in the maintenance schedule. A sulfated ash limit of 1.0 mass percent is suggested for optimum valve and piston deposit and oil consumption control. The sulfated ash must not exceed 1.85 mass percent. Oil Viscosity Recommendations The use of multi-viscosity lubricating oil has been found to improve oil consumption control and improve engine cranking in cold temperatures while maintaining lubrication at high operating temperatures. While 15W-40 oil is recommended for most climates, refer to the accompanying table for oil viscosity recommendations for extreme climates. V-8 C-1

239 NOTE Limited use of low viscosity oils, such at 10W-30 may be used for easier starting and providing sufficient oil flow at ambient temperatures below -5 C [23 F]. However, continuous use of low viscosity oils can decrease engine life due to wear. Refer to the accompanying chart. New Engine Break-In Oils Do not use special break-in lubricating oils for new or rebuilt Cummins engines. Use the same type of oil during the break-in as that which is used in normal operation. Recommended Oil Change Intervals Refer to the following flowchart for the recommended oil change interval based on engine application. (Text Deleted) V-9 C-1

240 Is your vehicle an On- Highway application? YES Is your vehicle one of those below? - Regional Haul Truck - Coach Bus - Vehicle accum 8000 miles/month. or more YES Change Interval KM MILES HOURS MOS 17,000 10, NO Is your vehicle used in a Construction, Mining or Logging Application? NO YES NO Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP KM MILES HRS MOS Refuse Truck 10,000 6, Mixer/Dumper 10,000 6, Del. Truck 10,000 6, Shuttle or Transit Bus 10,000 6, School Bus 10,000 6, Fire Truck 10,000 6, Recreational Vehicle 10,000 6, Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP KM MILES HRS MOS Truck Crane 10,000 6, Yard Spotter 10,000 6, Paver N/A N/A Cranes N/A N/A Backhoe N/A N/A Dozer N/A N/A Scraper N/A N/A Skidder N/A N/A (1) Or whichever comes first. If your application accumulates high hours and low mileage, the change interval is determined by hours. Example: Transit buses and refuse trucks may average 16 Km/h [10 MPH] when used in an all urban routes. Oil drain intervals in those applications are 4,800 Km [3,000 mi], or less. Is your vehicle used in an Agricultural or Stationary Power Application? NO YES Change Interval KM MILES HOURS MOS 10,000 6, Use the following oil drain intervals for your application (1): VEH/EQUIP HOURS MONTHS Farm Tractors Combines Irrigation Equip Generator Set Air Compressor Fire Pump Pleasure Boat Work Boat V-10 C-1

241 Arctic Operation If an engine is operated in ambient temperatures consistently below -23 C [-10 F] and there are no provisions to keep the engine warm when it is not in operation, use a synthetic CE/SG engine oil with adequate low temperature properties such as; 5W-30. The oil supplier must be responsible for meeting the performance service specifications. CAUTION The use of synthetic base oil does not justify extended oil change intervals. Extended oil change intervals can decrease engine life due to factors such as corrosion, deposits and wear. Additional information regarding lubricating oil availability throughout the world is available in the E.M.A. Lubricating Oils Data Book for Heavy Duty Automotive and Industrial Engines. The data book may be ordered from the engine Manufacturers Association, One Illinois Center, 111 East Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL U.S.A The telephone number is: (312) V-11 C-1

242 Coolant Recommendations/Specifications Heavy duty diesel-engines require a balanced coolant mixture of water and antifreeze. Drain and replace the mixture every 2 years, 320,000 KM [200,000 miles] or 6,000 hours of operation (whichever occurs first) to eliminate buildup of harmful chemicals. Antifreeze is essential in any climate. it broadens the operating temperature range by lowering the coolant freezing point and by raising its boiling point. Do not use more than 50 percent antifreeze in the mixture unless additional freeze protection is required. Never use more than 68 percent antifreeze under any condition. Use soft water in the coolant mixture. Contaminants in hard water neutralize the corrosion inhibitor components. Water must not exceed 300 ppm hardness, or contain more than 100 ppm of either chloride or sulfate. Specifications - Use low silicate antifreeze which meets ASTM4985 test (GM6038M spec.) criteria. Concentration - Antifreeze must be used in any climate for both freeze and boiling point protection. Cummins recommends a 50 percent concentration level (40 percent to 60 percent range) of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol in most climates. Antifreeze at 68 percent concentration provides the maximum freeze protection and must never be exceeded under any condition. Antifreeze protection decreases above 68 percent. Ethylene Glycol Propylene Glycol 40% = -23 C [-10 F] 40% = -21 C [-6 F] 50% = -37 C [-34 F] 50% = -33 C [-27 F] 60% = -54 C [-65 F] 60% = -49 C [-56 F] 68% = -71 C [-90 F] 68% = -63 C [-82 F] V-12 C-1 Concentration Testing - Antifreeze concentration must be checked using a refractometer (such as Fleetguard Part No. CC2800). Floating ball type density testers or hydrometers are not accurate enough for use with heavy duty diesel cooling systems.

243 Filter Selection Oil Filters LF 3349 Standard Six Cylinder Applications CAUTION A 6 cylinder oil filter can be used on a 4 cylinder engine. Do not use a 4 cylinder oil filter on a 6 cylinder engine. Use of a 4 cylinder oil filter on a 6 cylinder engine will result in engine damage. Fuel Filters A = Standard Filter used as secondary filter in dual filter applications. B = Fuel Water Separator Primary filter for dual filter applications. C = Fuel Water Separator used in single filter applications. V-13 C-1

244 Engine Component Torque Value Socket or Wrench Size MM (Inch) Torque N m (Ft-lb) 10 Aftercooler Mounting [18] 8 Aftercooler Water Hose Clamp... 5 [4] 13 Alternator Link (Delco SI) [18] [3/4] Alternator Link (Delco SI) [32] 15 Alternator Mtg. Bolt SI [32] 18 Alternator Mtg. Bolt 27 SI [57] 10 Alternator Support (Upper) [18] Allen 5 mm Belt Tensioner Flat Bracket [18] 15 Belt Tensioner Mounting [32] 15 Crankshaft Damper & Pulley [101] [5/16] Crossover Clamp... 5 [4] 11 Tee Bolt Type Clamp... 8 [6] 15 Exhaust Manifold [32] 15 Exhaust Outlet Pipe Mtg Bracket [32] (7/16) Exhaust Outlet Pipe, V Band Clamp... 8 [6] 10 Fan Bracket Mounting [18] 10 Fan Pulley [18] 13 Fan Pulley [32] 19 Flywheel [101] -- Front Cover Clamp Access Cap Hand Tighten Fuel Drain Line Banjo Screw (Rotary Pump) [11] V-14 C-1

245 Engine Component Torque Value (Continued) Socket or Wrench Size MM (Inch) Torque N m (Ft-lb) 17 Fuel Banjo Screw (in Filter Head) [18] 10 Fuel Vent Screw (in Banjo)... 9 [7] 10 Fuel Banjo Screw (Injector)... 9 [7] Fuel Filter... 3/4 Turn After Contact 24 Fuel Filter Adapter Nut [24] 17 or 19 Fuel Line Fitting (High Pressure) [18] 22 Fuel Pump Drive Gear (with Pump Unlocked) Rotary [48] 22 Fuel Pump Drive Gear (Pump Unlocked) Nippondenso [92] 30 Fuel Pump Drive Gear (Pump Unlocked) Bosch Inline P [144] 30 Fuel Pump Drive Gear (Pump Unlocked) Bosch Inline A [52] 10 Fuel Pump Lock (Bosch) Rotary [22] Fuel Pump Unlock (Bosch) Rotary [10] 14 Fuel Pump Lock (CAV)... 7 [5] Fuel Pump Unlock (CAV) [15] 13 Fuel Pump Mounting Nuts (Bosch Rotary) [18] 15 Fuel Pump Mounting Nuts (Bosch In-Line, Nippondenso) [32] 13 Fuel Pump Mounting Nuts (CAV) [22] 13 Fuel Pump Support Bracket [18] 24 Injector Retaining Nut [44] 13 Intake Manifold Cover [18] 10 Lift Pump/Cover Plate [18] V-15 C-1

246 Engine Component Torque Value (Continued) Socket or Wrench Size MM (Inch) Torque N m (Ft-lb) 18 Lifting Bracket (Rear) [57] Oil Filter... 3/4 Turn After Contact 10 Oil Cooler Assembly [18] 17 Oil Pan Drain Plug [60] 27 Oil Pan Heater Plug [60] 19 Oil Pressure Regulator Plug [60] 10 Rear Seal Housing... 9 [7] 14 Rocker Lever Nut [18] 10 Starter Mounting [32] 10 Tappet Cover/Fuel Drain Line Supports [18] 10 Thermostat Housing [18] 13 Turbine Housing [15] 10 Turbo Compressor Housing Clamp [6] 15 Turbo Mounting Nuts [32] 13 Turbo Drain Tube [18] 16 Turbo Oil Supply (Both Ends) [26] 15 Water Inlet Connection [32] 13 Water Pump Mounting [18] 15 Valve Cover [18] -- Valve Cover Oil Fill... Hand Tighten V-16 C-1

247 Sealants Use the sealants listed below or sealants containing equivalent properties. Description Sealing Method 1. Pipe Plugs Precoated teflon or pipe sealer. 2. Cup Plugs Loctite 277 or 11, O-Rings No sealant required. 4. Rear Camshaft Expansion Plug Precoated or Loctite 59,241 liquid teflon. 5. Fuel Pump Studs Loctite Turbo Drain in Block Loctite 277 (P/N 24231), 11,264, or NSN Front Seal in Gear Cover Loctite 277 or 11, Rear Seal in Rear Cover No sealant required. 9. Oil Pan at T-Joint 3-Bond 1207C (Cummins P/N ). 10. Aftercooler Capscrews Loctite (P/N 59231) or NSN Aftercooler Sealing Surface 3-Bond 1207C (Cummins P/N ). 12. Dipstick Tube at Block Loctite 277 (P/N 24231), 11,264, or NSN V-17 C-1

248 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values CAUTION When replacing capscrews, always use a capscrew of the same measurement and strength as the capscrew being replaced. Using the wrong capscrews can result in engine damage. Metric capscrews and nuts are identified by the grade number stamped on the head of the capscrew or on the surface of the nuts. U.S. Customary capscrews are identified by radial lines stamped on the head of the capscrew. The following examples indicate how capscrews are identified: Metric M X 25 U.S. Customary [5/16 X 18 X 1-1/2] M / /2 Major Distance Length Major Number Length Thread Between In Thread Threads in Diameter in Threads in Millimeters Diameter per Inch Inches Millimeters Millimeters in Inches NOTES 1. Always use the torque values listed in the following tables when specific torque values are not available. 2. Do not use the torque values in place of those specified in other sections of this manual. 3. The torque values in the table are based on the use of lubricated threads. 4. When the ft-lb value is less than 10, give consideration to converting the ftlb value to in-lb to obtain a better torque with an in-lb torque wrench. Example: 6 ft-lb equals 72 in-lb. V-18 C-1

249 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values - Metric Commercial Steel Class Capscrew Head Markings Body Size Torque Torque Torque Diam. Cast Iron Aluminum Cast Iron Aluminum Cast Iron Aluminum mm N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb V-19 C-1

250 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values U.S. Customary SAE Grade Number 5 8 Capscrew Head Markings These are all SAE Grade 5 (3) line Capscrew Torque Grade 5 Capscrew Capscrew Torque Grade 8 Capscrew Capscrew Body Size Cast Iron Aluminum Cast Iron Aluminum N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb N m ft-lb 1/ / / / / / / / / V-20 C-1

251 Section S Service Assistance Section Contents Page Service Assistance... S-2 Division and Regional Offices... S-4 Emergency Service... S-2 Problem Solving... S-3 Routine Service... S-2 S-1

252 Service Assistance Routine Service Personnel at a Cummins Authorized Repair Location can assist you with the correct operation or service of your engine. We have a worldwide service network of more than 5,000 Cummins Distributors and Dealers who have been trained to provide sound advice, expert service, and complete parts support. Check the telephone directory yellow pages or go to the internet address: for the nearest Cummins Authorized Repair Location. Emergency Service The Cummins Customer Assistance Center provides a 24- hour, toll free telephone number to aid in locating emergency service when a local Cummins Authorized Repair Location can not be reached. The emergency service telephone numbers are: United States and Canada (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) - (800) D-l-E-S-E-L-S - (800) Outside of North America contact your Regional Office, telephone numbers and addresses are listed on page S-4 of this section. S-2

253 Problem Solving Normally, any problem that arises with the sale, service, or repair of your engine can be handled by a Cummins Authorized Repair Location in your area. Refer to the telephone directory yellow pages or go to the internet address: for the one nearest you. If the problem has not been handled satisfactorily, follow the steps outlined below: 1. If the disagreement is with a Dealer, talk to the Cummins Distributor with whom he has his service agreement. 2. If the disagreement is with a distributor, call the nearest Cummins Division or Regional Office; however, most problems are solved below the Division or Regional Office level. Telephone numbers and addresses for Division and Regional Offices are listed on page S-4. Before calling, write down the following information: a. Engine model and serial number b. Type and make of equipment c. Total kilometers [miles] or hours of operation d. Warranty start date e. Nature of problem f. Summary of the current problem arranged in the order of occurrence g. Name and location of the Cummins Distributor or Dealer 3. If a problem can not be resolved satisfactorily through your Cummins Authorized Repair Location or Division Office, write to: Customer Relations , Cummins Engine Company, Inc., Box 3005, Columbus, IN S-3

254 Division and Regional Offices The following offices are in U.S., Canada, Austrailia, New Zealand, and Puerto Rico. United States Northern Division Office Cummins Engine Company, Inc. 21 Southpark Blvd. Greenwood, IN Telephone: (317) Southern Division Office Cummins Engine Company, Inc. 425 Franklin Road Suite 500 Marietta, GA Telephone: (404) Western Division Office Cummins Engine Company, Inc Greenwood Plaza Blvd. Englewood, CO Telephone: (303) Western Regional Office Cummins Engine Company, Inc. 569 First Street West Sonoma, CA Telephone: (707) Plains Regional Office Cummins Engine Company, Inc Central Drive Suite 356 Bedford, TX Telephone: (817) Canada Canadian Division Office Cummins Diesel of Canada, Ltd. 700 Dorval Drive Suite 600 Oakville, Ontario L6K 3V3 Telephone: (416) Western Canada Regional Office Cummins Diesel of Canada, Ltd th Avenue Surrey, B.C. V4N 3P8 Telephone: (604) Eastern Canada Regional Office Cummins Diesel of Canada, Ltd. 800 Montee DeLiesse Saint Laurent, Quebec H4T 1P3 Telephone: (514) Central Canada Regional Office Cummins Diesel of Canada, Ltd A Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T5L 2T2 Telephone: (403) Australia Regional Office Cummins Diesel Australia 2 Caribbean Drive Scoresby, Victoria 3179 Australia Telephone: (61) This office also serves New Zealand. Cummins Americas Regional Office Cummins Caribbean N. W. 52nd Avenue Hialeah, FL Telephone: (305) This office also serves Puerto Rico and South America excluding Brazil. S-4

255 Section C Component Manufacturers Section Contents Component Manufacturers Addresses... C-2 Air Compressors... C-2 Air Cylinders... C-2 Air Heaters... C-2 Air Starting Motors... C-2 Alternators... C-2 Auxiliary Brakes... C-3 Belts... C-3 Catalytic Convertors... C-3 Clutches... C-3 Coolant Heaters... C-3 Drive Plates... C-4 Electric Starting Motors... C-4 Engine Protection Controls... C-4 Fan Clutches... C-4 Fans... C-4 Filters... C-5 Flexplates... C-5 Fuel Warmers... C-5 Gauges... C-5 Governors... C-6 Heat Sleeves... C-6 Hydraulic and Power Steering Pumps... C-6 Oil Heaters... C-6 Torque Converters... C-6 Page C-1

256 Component Manufacturers Addresses NOTE: The following list contains addresses and telephone numbers of suppliers of accessories used on Cummins engines. Suppliers may be contacted directly for any specifications not covered in this manual. Air Compressors Bendix Heavy Vehicles Systems Div. of Allied Automotive 901 Cleveland Street Elyria, OH Telephone: (216) Holset Engineering Co., Inc Kemper Meadow Drive Suite 500 Cincinnati, OH Telephone: (513) Midland-Grau Heavy Duty Systems Heavy Duty Group Headquarters N. Pomona Avenue Kansas City, MO Telephone: (816) Air Cylinders Bendix Ltd. Douglas Road Kingswood Bristol England Telephone: Catching Engineering 2101 Roberts Drive Broadview, IL Telephone: (312) Air Heaters Fleetguard, Inc. Cookeville, TN P0. Box 6001 Telephone: (615) Kim Hotstart Co. West 917 Broadway Spokane, WA Telephone: (509) Air Starting Motors Ingersoll Rand Chorley New Road Horwich Bolton Lancashire England BL6 6JN Telephone: Ingersoll-Rand Engine Starting Systems 888 Industrial Drive Elmhurst, IL Telephone: (312) StartMaster Air Starting Systems A Division of Sycon Corporation P 0. Box 491 Marion, OH Telephone: (614) Alternators Robert Bosch Ltd. P.O. Box 98 Broadwater Park North Orbital Road Denham Uxbridge Middlesex UD9 5HG England Telephone: Butec Electrics Cleveland Road Leyland PR5 1XB England Telephone: C-2

257 C.A.V. Electrical Equipment P.O. Box 36 Warple Way London W3 7SS England Telephone: A.C. Delco Components Group Civic Offices Central Milton Keynes MK9 3EL England Telephone: C. E. Niehoff 2021 Lee Street Evanston, IL Telephone: (708) Delco-Remy P.0. Box 2439 Anderson, IN Telephone: (317) Leece-Neville Corp E. 51st St. Cleveland, OH Telephone: (216) Auxiliary Brakes The Jacobs Manufacturing Company Vehicle Equipment Division 22 East Dudley Town Road Bloomfield, CT Telephone: (203) Belts Dayco Rubber U.K. Sheffield Street Stockport Cheshire 5K4 1RV England Telephone: T.B.A. Ind. Products P0. Box 77 wigan Lancashire WN2 4XQ England Telephone: Dayco Corp. Belt Technical Center P.O. Box 3258 Springfield, MO Telephone: (417) Gates Rubber Company 5610 Crawfordsville Road Suite 2002 Speedway, IN Telephone: (317) Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company 49 South Franklin Road Indianapolis, IN Telephone: (317) Catalytic Convertors Donaldson Company, Inc West 94th Street P.O. Box 1299 Minneapolis, MN Telephone: (612) Nelson Industries, Inc. Exhaust and Filtration Systems Highway 51 West, P.O. Box 428 Stoughton, WI Telephone: (608) Walker Manufacturing 3901 Willis Road P.O. Box 157 Grass Lake, Ml Telephone: (517) Clutches Twin Disc International S.A. Chaussee de Namur Nivelles Belguim Telephone: Twin Disc Clutch Co. Racine, WI Telephone: (414) Coolant Heaters Fleetguard, Inc. P.0. Box 6001 Cookeville, TN Telephone: (615) C-3

258 Drive Plates Detroit Diesel Allison Division of General Motors Corporation P0. Box 894 Indianapolis, IN Telephone: (317) Electric Starting Motors Butec Electrics Cleveland Road Leyland PR5 1XB England Telephone: C.A.V. Electrical Equipment P0. Box 36 Warple Way London W3 7SS England Telephone: A.C. Delco Components Group Civic Offices Central Milton Keynes MK9 3EL England Telephone: Delco-Remy P0. Box 2439 Anderson, IN Telephone: (317) Leece-Neville Corp E. 51st Street Cleveland, OH Telephone: (216) Nippondenso Sales, Inc Denso Drive P0. Box 5133 Southfield, Ml Telephone: (313) Nippondenso of Los Angeles, Inc Via Oro Avenue Long Beach, CA Telephone: (310) Engine Protection Controls Teddington Industrial Equipment Windmill Road Sunburn on Thames Middlesex TW167HF England Telephone: The Nason Company Enterprise Drive Davisburg, Ml Telephone: (313) Fan Clutches Holset Engineering Co. Ltd. P0. Box 9 Turnbridge Huddersfield England Telephone: Horton Industries, Inc. P0. Box 9455 Minneapolis, MN Telephone: (612) Rockford Division Borg-Warner Corporation 1200 Windsor Road P0. Box 7007 Rockford, IL Telephone: (815) Transportation Components Group Facet Enterprises, Inc. Elmira, NY Telephone: (607) Fans Truflo Ltd. Westwood Road Birmingham B6 7JF England Telephone: Hayes-Albion 1999 Wildwood Avenue Jackson, Ml Telephone: (517) C-4

259 Engineering Cooling Systems 201 W. Carmel Drive Carmel, IN Telephone: (317) Brookside McCordsville, IN Telephone: (317) Aerovent 8777 Purdue Rd. Indianapolis, IN Telephone: (317) Kysor 1100 Wright Street Cadillac, Ml Telephone: (616) Schwitzer 1125 Brookside Avenue P0. Box 80-B Indianapolis, IN Telephone: (317) Filters Fleetguard International Corp. Cavalry Hill Industrial Park Weedon Northampton NN7 4TD England Telephone: Fleetguard, Inc. P.0. B ox 6001 Cookeville, TN Telephone: (615) Flexplates Corrugated Packing and Sheet Metal Hamsterley Newcastle Upon Tyne Telephone: Allison Transmission Division of General Motors Corporation P0. Box 894 Indianapolis, IN Telephone: (317) Allison Transmission Division of General Motors Van Born Road Romulus, Ml Telephone: (313) Midwest Mfg. Co Southfield Road Southfield, Ml Telephone: (313) Wohlert Corporation 708 East Grand River Avenue Lansing, Ml Telephone: (517) Fuel Warmers Fleetguard, Inc. P0. Box 6001 Cookeville, TN Telephone: (615) Gauges A.l.S. Dyffon Industrial Estate Ystrad Mynach Hengoed Mid Glamorgan CF8 7XD England Telephone: Grasslin U.K. Ltd. Vale Rise Tonbridge Kent TN9 1TB England Telephone: Icknield Instruments Ltd. Jubilee Road Letchworth Herts England Telephone: Superb Tool and Gauge Co. 21 Princip Street Birmingham B4 61 E England Telephone: C-5

260 Kabi Electrical and Plastics Cranborne Road Potters Bar Herts EN6 3JP England Telephone: Datcon Instrument Co. P0. Box 128 East Petersburg, PA Telephone: (717) Rochester Gauge of Texas Denton Drive Dallas, TX Telephone: (214) Governors Woodward Governors Ltd. p.o. Box /664 Ajax Avenue Slough Bucks SLi 4DD England Telephone: Woodward Governor Co E. Drake Road Fort Collins, CO Telephone: (303) Barber Colman Co Rock Street Rockford, IL Telephone: (815) United Technologies Diesel Systems 1000 Jorle Blvd. Oak Brook, IL Telephone: (312) Heat Sleeves Bentley Harris Manufacturing Co. 100 Bentley Harris Way Gordonville, TN Telephone: (313) Hydraulic and Power Steering Pumps Hoburn Eaton Ltd. Priory Road Strood Rochester Kent ME2 2BD Telephone: Honeywell Control Systems Ltd. Honeywell House Charles Square Bracknell Berks RG12 1EB Telephone: Sundstrand Hydratec Ltd. Cheney Manor Trading Estate Swindon Wiltshire SN2 2PZ England Telephone: Sperry Vickers 1401 Crooks Road Troy, Ml Telephone: (313) Z.F. P0. Box 1340 Grafvonsoden Strasse 5-9 D7070 Schwaebisch Gmuend West Germany Telephone: Oil Heaters Fleetguard, Inc. P.O. B ox 6001 Cookeville, TN Telephone: (615) Kim Hotstart Co. West 917 Broadway Spokane, WA Telephone: (509) Torque Converters Twin Disc International S.A. Chaussee de Namur Nivelles Belgium Telephone: Twin Disc Clutch Co. Racine, WI Telephone: (414) C-6

261 Rockford Division Borg-Warner Corporation 1200 Windsor Road P.O. Box 7007 Rockford, IL Telephone: (815) Modine 1500 DeKoven Avenue Racine, WI Telephone: (414) C-7

262 NOTES C-8

263 Section W Warranty All warranty information and directions for taking warranty actions are addressed in TB W-1/(W-2 Blank)

264

265 Section L Service Literature Section Contents Page Additional Service Literature...L-2 Service Literature Ordering Location...L-3 L-1

266 Additional Service Literature The following publications can be purchased by filling in and mailing the Service Literature Order Form: Bulletin No. Title Of Publication Troubleshooting and Repair Manual B Series Engine Shop Manual B Series Alternative Repair B Series Standard Repair Times B Series Standard Repair Times Specifications Manual L-2

267 Service Literature Ordering Location Region United States and Canada South and Central America (excluding Brazil and Mexico) Australia and New Zealand Ordering Location Cummins Distributors or Cummins Engine Co., Inc. Publishing Services CMC Box 3005 Columbus, IN Cummins Americas, Inc N.W. 52nd Avenue Hialeah, FL Cummins Diesel Australia Maroondah Highway, P.O.B. 139 Ringwood 3134 Victoria, Australia Obtain current price information from your local Cummins Distributor or (for U.S.A.) by calling Cummins Toll Free Number DIESELS ( ). L-3

268 NOTES L-4

269 Literature Order Form Use this form for prompt handling of your literature order. Item Bulletin Number Title of Publication Quantity U.S. Price Each $ $ Order Total Contact your Cummins distributor for prices and availability. For problems with literature orders, contact DIESELS ( ) (for U.S.A. and Canada). Prices subject to change without notice. $ Amount L-5

270 Mail the Literature Order Form along with your ship-to address to your nearest Cummins distributor. FROM: Name: Street Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: SHIP TO: (Name and address where literature is to be shipped) Name: Street Address: City: State: Zip Code: Country: L-6

271 About the Manual... i-3 Additional Service Literature... L-2 Air Compressor Air Compressor Discharge Inspection Inspection Air Intake System Inspection Air System - Repair... A-48 Air Crossover Tube - Replacement... A-48 Charge Air Cooler Leak Check... A-56 Exhaust Manifold and Gaskets - Replacement... A-69 Intake Manifold Cover and Gasket - Replacement... A-49 Jacket-Water Aftercooler and Gasket - Replacement... A-52 Turbocharger - Replacement... A-59 Air System Repair Summary... A-47 Arctic Operation... V-11 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values... V-18 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values - Metric... V-19 Capscrew Markings and Torque Values U.S. Customary... V-20 Charge Air Cooler Cleaning Inspection Cold Weather Operation Starting Aid Requirements Component Manufacturers Addresses... C-2 Air Compressors... C-2 Air Cylinders... C-2 Component Manufacturers Addresses - Continued... C-2 Air Heaters... C-2 Air Starting Motors... C-2 Alternators... C-2 Auxiliary Brakes... C-3 Belts... C-3 Catalytic Convertors... C-3 Clutches... C-3 Coolant Heaters... C-3 Drive Plates... C-4 Electric Starting Motors... C-4 Engine Protection Controls... C-4 Fan Clutches... C-4 Fans... C-4 Filters... C-5 Flexplates... C-5 Fuel Warmers... C-5 Gauges... C-5 Governors... C-6 Heat Sleeves... C-6 Hydraulic and Power Steering Pumps... C-6 Oil Heaters... C-6 Torque Converters... C-6 Coolant Level Check Coolant Recommendations/Specifications... V-12 Cooling Fan Inspection Index-1 C-1

272 Cooling System Maintenance Coolant Draining Coolant System Filling Coolant System Flushing Cooling System Repair... A-5 Belt Tensioner - Replacement... A-6 Drive Belt - Replacement... A-5 Fan Pulley - Replacement... A-7 Thermostat - Replacement... A-14 Water Pump - Replacement... A-8 Cooling System Repair Summary... A-4 Definition of Terms... i-10 Drive Belt , 6-9 Inspection , 6-9 Drive Belt Tension Check Electrical System Repair... A-81 Alternator - Replacement... A-82 Starting Motor - Replacement... A-81 Electrical System Repair Summary... A-80 Engine Component Torque Value... V-14, V-15, V-16 Engine Identification... E-2 Automotive/Industrial Engine Nomenclature... E-3 Engine Dataplate... E-2 Industrial Engine Nomenclature (Pre96)... E-3 Engine Operating Range Engine Shut-down External Engine Components... E-9 Filter Selection... V-13 Fuel Filters... V-13 Oil Filters... V-13 Fuel Filter Replacement Fuel Recommendations/Specifications... V-6 Fuel System Bleeding Fuel System Repair In-Line Pump... A-21 Fuel Drain Manifold - Replacement... A-27 Fuel Shutoff Solenoid - Replacement... A-33 Fuel System Components - Cleaning... A-21 High Pressure Fuel Lines - Replacement... A-25 Injection Pump - Installation... A-38 Injection Pump - Removal... A-35 Injection Pump - Replacement... A-34 Injectors- Replacement... A-29 Lift Pump - Replacement... A-23 Low Pressure Fuel Line - Replacement... A-21 RQVK Governor Shutoff Solenoid... A-33 Fuel System Repair Summary... A-20 General Information , 2-2, 3-2, 4-2, 5-2, 6-2, 7-2 General Safety Instructions... i-7 Important Safety Notice... i-7 General Specifications (Automotive Engines)... E-5, E-6, E-7, E-8, V-2, V-3, V-4, V-5 High Pressure Lines Retighten Line Fittings Venting How to Use the Manual... i-4 Illustrations... i-6 Injection Pump Idle Speed Adjustment... A-46 RQVK Governor... A-46 Injection Pump Dataplate... E-3 Robert Bosch In-Line Dataplate Location... E-3 Low Pressure Lines and Fuel Filter(s) Venting Index-2 C-1

273 Lubricating Oil and Filter Changing Lubricating Oil and Filter Change Interval Lubricating Oil Recommendations/Specifications... V-8 New Engine Break-In Oils... V-9 Oil Performance Recommendations... V-8 Oil Viscosity Recommendations... V-8 Recommended Oil Change Intervals... V-9 Lubricating System Repair... A-73 Oil Cooler Element and Gasket - Replacement... A-74 Oil Pressure Regulator Valve and Spring - Replacement... A-73 Lubricating System Repair Summary... A-72 Maintenance Record Form Maintenance Schedule Page References for Maintenance Instructions Oil Level Check Operating the Engine Repair Tools Required... A-3 Sealants... V-17 Service Assistance... S-2 Division and Regional Offices... S-4 Emergency Service... S-2 Problem Solving... S-3 Routine Service... S-2 Service Literature Ordering Location... L-3 Starting Procedure Starting Procedure Matrix Starting Procedure - After Extended Shutdown or Oil Change Symbols... i-5 To The Owner and Operator... i-2 Tool Requirements Troubleshooting Procedures and Techniques... T-3 Troubleshooting Symptoms... T-3 Alternator Not Charging or Insufficient Charging... T-36 Coolant Contaminated... T-21 Coolant Loss... T-19 Coolant Temperature Above Normal... T-17 Coolant Temperature Below Normal... T-20 Engine Cranks But Will Not Start (No Smoke From Exhaust)... T-7 Engine Hard to Start or Will Not Start (Exhaust Smoke Present).. T-5 Engine Misfiring... T-31 Engine Noises Excessive... T-35 Engine Starts But Will Not Keep Running... T-9 Engine Surges at Idle... T-12 Engine Will Not Crank or Cranks Slowly... T-4 Engine Will Not Reach Rated Speed When Loaded... T-26 Engine Will Not Shut Off... T-10 Exhaust Smoke Excessive Under Load... T-24 Fuel Consumption Excessive... T-33 Fuel Knock... T-32 Fuel or Oil Leaking from Exhaust Manifold... T-23 Lubricating Oil Contaminated... T-22 Lubricating Oil Loss... T-16 Lubricating Oil Pressure Low... T-13 Lubricating Oil Pressure Too High... T-15 Power Output Low... T-28 Rough Idle, Warm Engine... T-11 Vibration Excessive... T-34 White Smoke Excessive During Cold Start... T-37 Valves Adjustment Six-Cylinder Engine Adjustment Vibration Damper (Rubber) Inspection Index-3/(Index-4 Blank) C-1

274

275 By Order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: ERIC K. SHINSEKI General, United States Army Chief of Staff JOEL B. HUDSON Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution requirements for IDN: requirements for.

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277 RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS AND BLANK FORMS For use of this form, see AR 310-1; the proponent agency is the US Army Adjutant General Center. Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts and Special Tool Lists (RPSTL) and Supply Catalogs/Supply Manuals (SC/SM). DATE TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) PART I - ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE ITEM NO. PAGE NO. PARA- GRAPH LINE NO.* FIGURE NO. TABLE NO. RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON (Exact wording of recommended change must be given) TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE * Reference to line numbers within the paragraph or subparagraph. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, SIGNATURE PLUS EXTENSION DA FORM 1 FEB REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED.

278 TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE PART II- REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE PAGE NO. COLM NO. LINE NO. FEDERAL STOCK NUMBER REFERENCE NO. FIGURE NO. ITEM NO. TOTAL NO. OF MAJOR ITEMS SUPPROTED RECOMMENDED ACTION PART III - REMARKS (Any general remarks or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.) TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, PLUS EXTENSION SIGNATURE U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE /8606

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