TEST REPORT n a

Transcription

1 TESTING SERVICE OF FUNCTIONAL AND SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES TEST REPORT n a ROTARY HARROW: ERS /20 (extensions : b ERS /20) MANUFACTURER: FRANDENT DI BRUNO EZIO Via Saluzzo 21, Osasco (TO), Italy Rome, November /8

2 TESTS CARRIED OUT IN CONFORMITY WITH ENAMA METHODOLOGY N. 03 AT THE ISTITUTO SPERIMENTALE PER LA MECCANIZZAZIONE AGRICOLA - MONTEROTONDO, ROME, BY: Director Test technicians Collaborators Mr. Giovanni Santoro Mr. Roberto Fanigliulo Mr. Daniele Pochi Mr. Mauro Uniformi Mr. Gino Brannetti Mr. Cesare Cervellini CONTENTS DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINE 3 ACCESSORIES 3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 4 TEST CONDITIONS 5 TEST RESULTS 5 COMMENT ON FUNCTIONALITY 7 RECOMMENDATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS 7 USE ON THE ROADS 7 SAFETY CHECK 7 THE CERTIFIED ERS SERIES FRANDENT ROTARY CULTIVATORS COME UNDER THE PROVISIONS SET OUT IN THE MINISTERIAL CIRCULAR NO OF THE FOR BETTER CLARIFICATION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS, PLEASE NOTE THAT: 1 MPa = 1000 kpa = 10 bar 10 kg force /cm 2 1 dan 1.02 kgforce 1 kw = 1.36 CV 1 m/s = 3.6 km/h 2/8

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINE The Frandent rotary harrow model ERS /20 is a mounted agricultural machine that has been developed for soil improvement and seed bed preparation after ploughing. It has a theoretical working width of 3 m and is part of the Eternum ERS" series, consisting of 6 models with a working width that varies from 2.5 m to 4.5 m. The soil is tilled by 12 pairs of blades each counter-rotating on vertical axis. Interchangeable rollers are used for surface levelling, which are adjustable by means of pins. Figure 1 Diagram of the tested machine and its components: 1) Support frame three point connection; 2) Lower link connection 3) Upper link connection; 4) Tubular reinforcement; 5) Roller adjustment holes; 6) Fixed side protection which is collapsible for transport; 7) Soil refiner and rear bar, hole adjustment; 8) Front levelling bar, hole adjustment; 9) Blade tools; 10) Front safety protection; 11) Identification plate; 12) Gear reduction with reverse p.t.o. ACCESSORIES The machine may be fitted with: tools with heavy duty coating: for working difficult, rocky and hard ground; front track breaking tool: spring adjusted, to loosen ploughed soil that has been compacted by tractor tyres; front rock protection: increases pre-levelling over rough soil and protects the whole length of the box containing the gears of the rotors; adjustable rear levelling bar: available with both hole and screw adjustment, increases the efficiency of the machine for the refining of dry soil; rear power take-off connection: for supplementary equipment to combine with the machine; hydraulic or mechanical lift three point rear connection: the p.t.o. that exits at the rear of the gearbox, enables a seeder to be operated that can be lifted hydraulically or mechanically above the rotary harrow, to improve manoeuvrability during transport, etc.; wide load warning signs kit: to allow the machine to be transported on the roads. 3/8

4 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS TESTED MACHINE SERIAL N DIMENSIONS working pos. transport pos. total width (mm) total length (mm) total height (mm) FRAME type connection to tractor TRANSMISSION From the p.t.o. Main transmission Transmission to the implements p.t.o. speed STANDARD TOOLS type total no. 24 no. of rotors 12 axle base between rotors (mm) 248 width at top (mm) 110 standard thickness (mm) 16 box-type in sheet metal and steel plate three point linkage ISO 2 and 3 cat. cardan shaft with cam limiter. reduction gearbox with manual change spur gears in oil bath, straight-toothed crown-pinion unit for the transmission shaft drive, with rotation speed variable from 212 to 437 rpm, based on the gear ratio chosen and the selected speed of the p.t.o. of the tractor; straight-toothed spur gears 540, 750, 1000 rpm rigid fixed steel blades NOMINAL DIMENSIONS OF THE WORKED LAYER maximum width (mm) 3000 maximum depth (mm) 330 ROTATION SPEED OF BLADES standard gearing (39-26 teeth) 344 rpm (p.t.o. at 540 rpm) standard gearing (36-29 teeth) 285 rpm (p.t.o. at 540 rpm) standard gearing (29-36 teeth) 341 rpm (p.t.o. at 1000 rpm) standard gearing (26-39 teeth) 283 rpm (p.t.o. at 1000 rpm) AVERAGE POWER AT THE P.T.O. (KW) 58 ROLLERS 1. packer with triangular teeth (Ø 460/550 mm): surface levelling and refining on all terrains, on damp and clay soils in particular; the larger diameter gives less resistance when rolling. 2. depth setter (Ø 440 mm): controls the depth on all terrains particularly on rice-fields; it is equipped with long curved teeth. 3. cage type with spiral rods (Ø 450/500 mm): surface levelling and refining on all terrains, particularly dry and sandy; the greater diameter gives less resistance when rolling. 4. spiral roller (Ø 460/500 mm): surface levelling and refining on all terrains, particularly on damp and clay soils. 5. crest roller (Ø 460 mm): surface levelling and refining on all terrains, particularly on difficult soil. 6. smooth solid roller (Ø 410/460 mm): use in combination with seeder for optimum seed-bed preparation. TOTAL WEIGHT (KG) with packer roller (Ø 550 mm) /8

5 TEST CONDITIONS TRACTOR USED The rotary harrow was coupled to a four-wheel drive tractor with the following specifications: nominal power 103 kw total mass 6420 kg connection device ISO 2 and 3 cat. The rotation speed at the power take off used for the operation of the rotors was set at 540 rpm when the drive shaft turned at 1944 rpm. As an additional test the machine was also tested with p.t.o. at 1000 rpm (tab.2). TESTING GROUND The tests were carried out on level ground that had been previously ploughed at a depth of approx m with rise of approx m, substantially free of crop residual. Before cultivating the following measurements were taken: the relative humidity (from 0 to 0.2 m and from 0.2 to 0.4 m depth), the apparent average density and the average resistance to ground penetration (from 0 a 0.4 m depth) (tab. 1). Skeleton (%) 0 sand (%) 2.3 silt (%) 43.4 clay (%) 54.3 liquid limit (%) 62.2 plastic limit (%) 40.3 plasticity index 21.9 humidity 0 m 0.2 m (%) 15.0 humidity 0.2 m 0.4 m (%) 17.9 apparent average density (g/cm 3 ) 1.2 average resistance to penetration (kg/cm 2 ) 2.1 Table 1 Physical-mechanical characteristics of the testing ground. TEST RESULTS During the tests, after establishing the tractor s most suitable forward gear (4 th slow), it was put into 4-wheel drive and the differential lock was inserted, the accelerator lever was adjusted to the maximum position, then the functional and operational characteristics (per hectare) were determined; the results obtained with the p.t.o. at 540 rpm are illustrated below, while the results obtained with the p.t.o. at 1000 rpm are also reported in tab. 2. The rotary harrow was fitted with a packer roller and front and rear levelling bars. Table 2 shows the specific traction force equal to approx. 6.0 dan/m.cm (per metre of effective width and centimetre of working depth on the worked soil) that resulted in a significant absorption of traction power equal to 8.4 kw, operating at a suitable forward working speed, giving the best performance in terms of reduction of the sods in the soil and working times. The average specific power was 0.55 kw/m.cm (per metre of operational width and centimetre of working depth on the worked soil). Tractor slip was minimal and was within the normal limits for the type of equipment under test. From the above-mentioned table one can also observe how 97.7% of the theoretical operational width was used, while the thickness of the worked layer was 0.26 m with a settling of the soil of 0.15 m. On examination of fig. 2 one can see that the passage of the rotary harrow determined the optimum refining of the soil. The relative index did in fact pass from 0.33 of the ploughed soil to 0.86 of the harrowed soil with a clod reduction of 61.5%; in addition, it eliminated the larger clod sizes and reduced the aggregates to 10 mm or 60% of the 5/8

6 total mass of the soil broken up. The consequent seedbed quality index (ratio between mass of clods with diameters 10 mm / mass of clods with diameters > 10 mm) was 1.46, thus guaranteeing an optimum sub-stratum for sowing and successive germination. Elements In addition, the combined effect of the rotary implements and the maxi-packer roller produced a good levelling of the soil notably reducing roughtness and determining an equalisation level of the soil of 62.1%. 540 rpm at p.t.o rpm at p.t.o. average engine speed (rpm) average p.t.o. speed (rpm) average rotor speed (rpm) theoretical working width (m) effective working width (m) operational working width (m) used working width (%) working depth of worked soil (m) Worked layer (m) settling (m) worked section (m²) effective working time (h/ha) operating working time (h/ha) operating yield (%) average effective speed (km/h) operating working capacity (ha/h) fuel consumption per hour (kg/h) unit fuel consumption (kg/ha) average traction force (dan) average torque at the p.t.o. (Nm) average power at the p.t.o. (kw) average working traction power required* (kw) total average power required (kw) specific average power (kw/m.cm) tractor slip (%) Table 2 average results obtained with the rotary harrow. (*)Total power required for the traction, excluded the lost for transmission, empty-load displacement, slip and hydraulic functions of the tractor. 7% 18% > <10 8% 14% > <10 5% 46% 8% 18% 16% Figure 2 Clod level of the soil before and after the passage of the rotary harrow with p.t.o. at 540 rpm (the dimensional classes of the clods, in mm, are listed in the legend.) 60% 6/8

7 Frandent model rotary harrow serie "ERS" Working width (m) Operating capacity (ha/h) Average power at the p.t.o. (kw) Rotors (no.) Mass with packer roller (kg) ERS / Table 3 Evaluation of the operating capacity and the power at the p.t.o. of the other rotary harrow model in the series "ERS" of the Frandent Company. The values are theoretical and are to be considered valid only for conditions of use identical to those shown during the tests carried out on the "ERS /20" model. COMMENT ON FUNCTIONALITY The Frandent Eternum ERS /20 rotary harrow showed in a single passage an excellent refining of the soil even when operating, at the maximum working depth, on silt-clay soil, characterised by high surface levels of clods. The 103 kw tractor coupling appeared to be correct for the test conditions, however, a less powerful tractor, as indicated by the manufacturer, could have proven to be adequate, particularly for lighter soil. RECOMMENDATIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS The rotary harrow is supplied with a multi-lingual use and maintenance manual, which conforms to current regulations. USE ON THE ROADS According to the Highway Code the machine is classified as an exceptional mounted agricultural machine and is therefore an integral part of the tractor (art. 57, legislation no. 285 of the 30/04/1992), it does not require homologation and can transit only in exceptional conditions. Where the machine is placed on an approved trailer, then transit is as for agricultural towing. SAFETY CHECK The machine is fitted with the CE mark, an identification plate, safety pictograms and is supplied with an use and maintenance manual and a declaration of conformity. The declaration of conformity attests that the machine conforms to the following technical specifications and harmonised standards: UNI EN 708:1998; EN 708/A1:2000; EN 1553:1999; ISO 11684:1995. From the analysis carried out and in relation to documentation sent from the manufacturer, there do not appear to be inconsistencies with what is reported in the regulations cited. The relative documentation is deposited in the papers. MODELS IN THE SAME SERIES From the tests carried out on the rotary harrow Frandent ERS /20 and based on the results of table 2, one can deduce that, under the same test conditions and for a different number of rotors, the values in table 3 could be obtained. The other rotary harrow models are listed in table 4, for which the extension of the present test report has been issued. Cert. No. Model Serial No. ERS b /20 Table 4 - other rotary harrow models, for which the extension of the present test report has been issued.. 7/8

8 THE PRESENT TEST REPORT IS VALID FOR FIVE YEARS OR UNTIL THE REGULATIONS REFERRING TO THIS ARE MODIFIED FOR THE ETERNUM ERS /20 ROTARY HARROW AND RELATIVE EXTENSIONS, AND IS OFFICIALLY RECOGNISED BY THE MEMBERS OF ENAMA: ASSOCAP (Associazione Nazionale dei Consorzi Agrari) CIA (Confederazione Italiana Agricoltori) COLDIRETTI (Confederazione Nazionale Coltivatori Diretti) CONFAGRICOLTURA (Confederazione Generale Agricoltura) UNACMA (Unione Nazionale Commercianti Macchine Agricole) UNACOMA (Unione Nazionale Costruttori Macchine Agricole) UNIMA (Unione Nazionale Imprese Meccanizzazione Agricola) AS WELL AS BY BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF ENAMA IN WHICH THE FOLLOWING ARE ALSO REPRESENTED: MIPAF (Ministero per le Politiche Agricole e Forestali) Regioni e Province Autonome ISMA (Istituto Sperimentale per la Meccanizzazione Agricola) THE TEST RESULTS ARE RECOGNIZED BY THE FOLLOWING TESTING STATIONS BELONGING TO ENTAM, WITH THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS: DLG - Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e. V. n I (Eschborner Landstraβe 122, D Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY) BLT - Bundesanstalt für Landtechnik n I - 118/01 (Rottenhauserstraβe 1, A-3250 Wieselburg, AUSTRIA) is the European Network for Testing of Agricultural Machines and its purpose is to promote a cooperation among testing stations in order to optimize activities and give a better service to farmers, dealers and manufacturers. ENAMA ENTE NAZIONALE PER LA MECCANIZZAZIONE AGRICOLA VIA LAZZARO SPALLANZANI, 22/A ROMA PH FAX info@enama.it 8/8