Benefits ofc onductance

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1 Midtronics Standby Sales Inform ation Benefits ofc onductance ForStandby Division Reference Inform ation,products and Services

2 Conductance Technology What is conductance? Conductance is a measurement of the plate surfaces available for chemical reaction. High relative conductance is a reliable indication of a healthy battery. Conductance declines as the battery fails.

3 Conductance Technology Conductance Tester Patented Conductance Test Circuit Diagram Impressed Voltage Signal Current Response Signal

4 Conductance Technology How do Ohmic Test Methods Work? Conductance: Applying an AC voltage of a known frequency and amplitude across the cell/unit and measuring the current that flows in response to it. The conductance (acceptance) is the ratio of the AC test current impressed on the circuit/unit that is inphase with the AC voltage, compared to the AC voltage producing it. DC Resistance: Short duration DC load on the cell/unit to measure step change in current and voltage. By dividing the change in voltage by the change in current, a DC resistance is calculated using Ohm s law. Impedance: Performed by sending an AC current of a known frequency and amplitude, across the cell/unit and measuring the AC voltage drop. Compute the resulting impedance using Ohm s law.

5 Ohmic Testing % Original Value % Rated Capacity % of Rated Capacity Impedance Conductance

6 Conductance Technology What are the benefits of Conductance? Conductance correlates directly to battery capacity Passive test method is safe & non-invasive Does not require any battery discharge activity Seamless monitoring, batteries stay on-line, all the time Provides a unique prediction of relative available battery capacity

7 Conductance Testing vs. Load Testing Conductance Testing Test battery at anytime to identify major problems Full Discharge / Load Testing Battery must be fully charged for test data to be meaningful Very time consuming - minimum of 8 hours Fast, lowfrequency AC test, does not affect battery Requires large amount of energy to be removed in order to be accurate Does not prematurel y age the battery Each test is a cycle, shortening battery life Safe, no heat produced Dangerous potential heat and sparks. Serious injury and damage can occur if battery is faulty. Test can be repeated immediatel y with same accuracy to verify result Battery needs to be recharged after each test Test results are available in seconds per battery, with no further calculatio ns Battery is not available to support network for up to 24 hours during test Portable, lightweigh t, easy to use and operate. No external power required Capacity testers are cumbersome and costly Capital expense and variable resources

8 Conductance Testing vs. Partial Load Testing Conductance Testing Passive and Safe, ideal to qualify battery as safe for discharge testing Partial Discharge / Load Testing Results are deceiving only -10 minutes test time frame Accurate correlation to capacity testing May not reflect the state-ofhealth of the battery Reliable indication of battery capacity and state-of-health, with state-ofcharge verification Only gives you immediate knowledge, does not predict capacity for days that follow.

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13 Midtronics Conductance Testing Benefits Simple Quick Safe Accurate Economic User-friendly, menu-driven operation Wireless infrared printing and PC data transfer Easy-to-use Windows software for database management Lightweight and portable Conductance test completed in seconds Test and monitor batteries online Instant display of highest and lowest measurements with overall string health No warm up required Battery is not discharged or cycled, extending battery life Passive testing technology increases technician safety Less than.001 amp hour removed per test Proven correlation with battery State-of- Health Voltage displayed for State-of- Charge verification No further calculations required, limiting operating error Savings in costs and resources compared to prior testing/ monitoring techniques Reduce battery replacement expenses by uncovering system faults before they affect battery life

14 Industry Approvals and Recommendations IEE Standards 1188 and 484 EPRI (Electrical Power Research Group) Guide for Testing Stationary Batteries. International Telecommunications Energy Conference, since 1992 Bellcore T1Y1 Presentation for American National Standards Institute International Led Zinc Research Organization Battery Council International

15 For Further Conductance Information: See The Conductance Q & A See Technical Papers in Encyclopedia of Conductance Industry Publications

16 For Further Battery Information See the Battery Testing 101 Presentation

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