Instructions CESSNA 172 S. For two-stroke glow engines up to 7.45 cc capacity or four-stroke glow engines of 9.32 cc capacity

Transcription

1 Order No M Instructions CESSNA 172 S For two-stroke glow engines up to 7.45 cc capacity or four-stroke glow engines of 9.32 cc capacity This model requires a five-function radio control system Cessna emblems, logos and body designs are trademarks of Textron Innovation Inc. and are used under license by Graupner GmbH & Co. KG Specification Wingspan approx. Length approx. Wing area approx. Tailplane area approx. Total surface area approx. All-up weight according to fittings approx mm 1300 mm 37.4 dm² 8.6 dm² 46 dm² 3450 glongitudinal dihedral degrees Centre of Gravity, measured at the root leading edge, approx mm Caution: this model is not a toy! If you are a beginner to this type of powered model, please ask an experienced model flyer for help and support. If you attempt to operate the model without knowing what you are doing, you could easily injure yourself or somebody else. Please keep your safety and well-being in mind at all times. Important: before you start construction Even if you have already built a large number of RC models please read right through these instructions and check that all the kit components are actually present. We have taken great trouble to keep construction as simple as possible, without making any compromises in the area of safety. Note regarding the film covering Minor creases or bubbles may develop in the film covering due to major fluctuations in weather conditions (temperature, humidity etc.); in rare cases you may even find a slight warp in a component. These trivial faults are in the nature of film-covered builtup wooden structures, and can easily be corrected using a heat gun, as commonly used for modelling. Creases: Wing warp: Blow warm air over the area and rub down with a soft cloth. Hold the panel twisted gently in the opposite direction to the warp, and apply warm air to remove the creases from the covering.

2 Caution! do not heat the film more than is absolutely necessary. If the air or the iron is too hot, the film may melt and holes may be formed. This model is highly pre-fabricated and can be built in a very short time. However, the work which you have to carry out is important and must be done carefully. The model will only be strong and fly well if you complete your tasks competently - so please work slowly and accurately. When self-tapping screws have to be screwed into wood, apply a little white glue to prevent them working loose: just squirt white glue into the hole and fit the screw. Safety notes and warnings relating to model aircraft powered by glowplug engines Be sure to read right through the instructions covering assembly and operation of your model before you attempt to operate it for the first time. These safety notes are an integral part of the instructions. Please keep them and the operating instructions in a safe place. If you ever dispose of the model be sure to pass them on to the new owner. Powered model aircraft are very demanding and potentially dangerous machines, and call for a high level of technical knowledge and skill from the operator, together with a responsible attitude. Powered model aircraft are not suitable for young persons under eighteen years of age. Young people should only be permitted to operate this model under the instruction and supervision of an adult who is aware of the hazards involved in this activity. The operator of the model must be in full possession of his or her bodily and mental faculties. As with car driving, operating a model aircraft under the influence of alcohol or drugs is not permissible under any circumstances. Radio-controlled model aircraft may only be employed for the purpose intended by the manufacturer. They must never be used as man-carrying machines. Any other use of this model is prohibited. A radio-controlled model aircraft can only work properly and fulfil your expectations if it is built very carefully and in accordance with the building instructions. Do not make any modifications of any kind to the design features or materials. If you wish to avoid injuring people and damaging property it is essential to be careful and painstaking at all stages of building and operating your model. Nobody would climb into a full-size light aircraft and try to fly it without completing a course of training first. Model flying is a skill which has to be learned in just the same way. We suggest that you ask for help from an experienced model flyer, or join a model club or flight training school. Your local model shop and the specialist magazines are excellent sources of information. It is fundamentally essential to set the Centre of Gravity (C.G.) and control surface travels correctly. Adjust the model until they are exactly correct. Radio control system: satisfy yourself that your frequency is vacant before you switch on. Check your RC system regularly as its components

3 eventually wear and need to be replaced or repaired. Radio interference caused by unknown sources can occur at any time without warning. If this should happen, your model will be uncontrollable and completely unpredictable. Never leave your radio control system unguarded, as other people might pick it up and try to use it. Your RC system can only work reliably if the batteries are kept fully charged. Don t ignore our warnings. They refer to materials and situations which, if ignored, can result in fatal injury or permanent damage. You alone are responsible for the safe operation of your radio-controlled model aircraft and engine. If you have any questions regarding the safe operation of your RC model aircraft, please turn to your local model shop in the first instance as the staff will be pleased to help you. Propellers and other rotating parts which are powered by a engine represent a permanent hazard and present a real risk of injury. Don t touch them with any part of your body. For example, a propeller spinning at high speed can easily slice off a finger. Keep well clear of the rotational plane of the propeller. You never know when some part may come loose and fly off at high speed, hitting you or anybody else in the vicinity. Never touch the revolving propeller with any object. Take care with loose clothing such as scarves, loose shirts etc. Flapping cloth can easily be sucked into the area of the propeller and then get tangled in the blades. This is extremely dangerous. If there are passers-by or spectators at your flying site, make sure that they are aware of the dangers inherent in your activity, and insist that they keep a safe distance away (at least 5 m). Radio-controlled models should only be flown in normal weather conditions, i.e. a temperature range of -5 to +35 C. More extreme temperatures can lead to changes in battery capacity, material characteristics and other unwanted effects. Model fuels are toxic; do not allow them to come into contact with your eyes or mouth. Fuel should always be stored in clearly marked containers, out of the reach of children. Never run an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space such as a cellar, garage etc. Model engines produce lethal carbon monoxide gas just like full-size engines. Engines should only be run in the open air! Adhesives and paints contain solvents which may be hazardous to health under certain circumstances. Read and observe the notes and warnings supplied by the manufacturer of these materials. Model fuels are volatile and highly inflammable. Keep them well away from open flames, excessive heat, all possible sources of sparks and anything else which could result in a fire. Do not smoke in the immediate vicinity of fuel or fuel vapours. Model engines generate a lot of heat. The engine and silencer in particular become very hot when running, and stay at a high temperature for quite a while. Touching the hot parts can give you serious burns, so take care especially when carrying out adjustments - wear protective gloves. Hot engines can even start a fire under certain circumstances.

4 When the engine is running it expels hot toxic gases from the exhaust together with very hot fluid combustion residues which can burn you if you are not careful. Remove all unused fuel from the fueltank and engine after every session. Every time you intend to operate your model check carefully that it and everything attached to it (e.g. propeller, linkages, control surfaces etc.) is in good condition and undamaged. If you find a fault, do not fly the model until you have corrected it. Model engines are usually started with the help of an electric starter which should be fitted with the appropriate adaptor where necessary. With fixedwing models an alternative is to use a chicken stick - a length of thick wooden dowel with a piece of water hose pushed over it. Many model engines are very noisy, producing a sound level much higher than 85 db (A), which implies that you should wear ear defenders. Never run a engine without the silencer fitted. Even with a silencer, model engines can easily disturb your neighbours. Don t run engines when other people expect peace and quiet. If you start your engine when the model is standing on loose or sandy ground, the propeller will suck up sand and dust and hurl it around, and it could easily get in your eyes and do damage. Wear protective goggles at such times. Take care that the glowplug clip and the glow lead cannot get tangled in the propeller or other rotating parts. Check the throttle linkage too. Take particular care when carrying the model with the engine running. Hold the rotating parts well away from you! Be sure to keep an adequate supply of fuel in the tank. Don t continue to fly the model until the tank is drained dry. Never fly directly over people. Never fly directly towards people. Keep a safe distance from residential areas: at least 1.5 km as the crow flies. The best solution is to join a model flying club and use the approved flying site. Always keep well clear of high-tension overhead cables. Whenever you are working on the engine, make sure that you are on a safe surface and cannot slip. Get used to holding the model really securely. Take-off and landing strips should be kept free of unauthorised people and movable obstacles, particularly when a model is using the strip. Watch the aeroplane constantly while it is in the air. Models must always give way to full-size aircraft. Don t operate your aircraft from public roads, squares, school playgrounds, public parks or sports grounds etc., and ensure that you are always in full control of the model. It is important that you are able to stop your engine at any time. This is achieved by adjusting the throttle so that the barrel closes completely when you move the throttle stick and trim to their end-points. If this does not work, pinch the fuel feed line between your fingers or pull it off the carburettor. Never try to stop the engine by grasping the flywheel, propeller or spinner! All model flyers should behave in a manner which minimises the danger to people and property. Never act in any way which will disturb other flyers and jeopardise safe, orderly flying at the site.

5 In legal terms our models are classed as aircraft, and as such are subject to legal regulations and restrictions which must be observed. Our brochure Modellflugrecht, Paragrafen und mehr (Model Aviation Law, Legal Requirements and more) is available under Order No , and contains a summary of all these rules. Your local model shop should have a copy which you can read. Models fitted with glowplug engines may only be flown with the landowner s permission, and third party insurance is mandatory. There are also Post Office regulations concerning your radio control system, and these must be observed at all times. Please don t misunderstand the purpose of these notes. We only want to make you aware of the many dangers and hazards which can arise if you lack knowledge and experience, or work carelessly or irresponsibly. If you take reasonable care, model flying is a highly creative, instructive, enjoyable and relaxing pastime. This model is highly pre-fabricated and can be built in a very short time. However, the work which you have to carry out is important and must be done carefully. The model will only be strong and fly well if you complete your tasks competently - so please work slowly and accurately. Important safety notes You have acquired a kit which can be assembled into a fully working RC model when fitted out with suitable accessories. However, we, as manufacturers, have no control over the way you build and operate your RC model aircraft, nor how you install, operate and maintain the associated components, and for this reason we are obliged to deny all liability for loss, damage or costs which are incurred due to the incompetent or incorrect use and operation of our products, or which are connected with such operation in any way. Unless otherwise prescribed by binding law, the obligation of the GRAUPNER company to pay compensation, regardless of the legal argument employed, is excluded. This includes personal injury, death, damage to buildings, damage due to loss of business or turnover, interruption of business or other direct or indirect consequent damage whose root cause was the operation of the model. The total liability in all cases is limited to the amount of money which you actually paid for the model. This model is built and flown at the sole and express responsibility of the operator. The only way to avoid injury to persons and damage to property is to handle and operate the model with the greatest care and consideration at all times. Before you fly the model for the first time please check that your private third-party insurance covers the risks involved in operating models of this type. We recommend that you take out a special policy to cover the risks of radio-controlled model aircraft. These safety notes must be kept in a safe place. If you ever dispose of the model, be sure to pass them on to the new owner. Guarantee conditions The guarantee provides for the replacement of any parts which exhibit proven manufacturing errors or material defects during the guarantee period of 24 months from the initial date of purchase. We will not consider any claims which do not fall within this description. Costs of transport, packaging, freight and journeys are

6 payable by the purchaser. We accept no liability for transport damage. Please send the offending item to GRAUPNER or to the approved service centre for your country, and include a concise, accurate description of the fault together with the dated purchase invoice. The guarantee does not cover failure of any part of the model due to an accident, incompetent handling, or incorrect use. The following points are important and must be observed at all times: Before you fly the model, check that the radio control system is working reliably, and that all connections are secure. If you intend to use dry cells as a power supply, please note that they must never be recharged. Only cells specifically marked as rechargeable are safe to recharge. The batteries must be charged and the range of the radio control system must be checked before you operate the model. In particular, the radio control system batteries must be fully charged before each session and checked before every flight. Ensure that the channel you intend to use is not already in use by other modellers. Never fly the model if you are not certain that your channel is free. Read and observe the instructions and recommendations provided by the manufacturer of your radio control system and accessory components. Ensure that the servos are not mechanically obstructed at any point in their travel. Dry cells and rechargeable batteries must never be short-circuited. Remove all batteries from the model prior to transporting and storing it. Do not subject the model to dirty or cold conditions, or high levels of humidity or heat. Secure the model and your RC equipment carefully when transporting them. They may be seriously damaged if they are free to slide about. Pre-flight checks Check that the radio control system is working correctly and at full range before every flight: fit the transmitter aerial and extend it fully, then switch on the transmitter and the receiving system. Walk away from the model, and check that all the control surfaces work smoothly and immediately at an appropriate distance, and deflect in the correct sense (direction) relative to the stick movements. Repeat the check with the engine or engine running, while a friend holds the model securely for you. If you are a relative beginner to model flying, we recommend that you enlist the aid of an experienced model pilot to help you check and test-fly the model. Clean the model carefully after every flight, and remove any dirt from the propeller. Clean the aeroplane and the RC components using suitable cleaning agents only. Ask your model shop for information if you are not sure. If the model is not to be operated for a considerable time it is important to clean and re-lubricate all the moving parts. Notes on completing the model Before building the model it is important that you read the instructions right through to the end. Tools can be dangerous; please be aware of the hazards involved in using them.

7 Use cable of adequate cross-section, capable of carrying the currents which will flow when the model is flying. Deploy the receiver aerial as far away as possible (at least 3 cm) from any highcurrent cables. Additional items required Glow engine and accessories Engine Order No. OS MAX 46 AX 7.45 cc 2701 OS MAX 46 Fxi 7.45 cc 2702 OS MAX FS 56 α 9.32 cc 2729 Silencer Propeller Order No. Order No x 15 cm x 15 cm x 20 cm Radio control system For this model you require at least a five-channel RC system with seven servos. The transmitter should also feature a servo reverse facility. We particularly recommend mc-22 to mc-24 computer systems. The model is designed for standard-size servos. We recommend the following receiver battery: GRAUPNER NIMH, Order No. 3415, which should be properly maintained before and after each flying session. Please remember that the pack needs to be cycled (charged and discharged) several times before it reaches full rated capacity. The two aileron servo leads should be lengthened using extension leads, Order No ; the landing flap servos should be extended using the leads, Order No Wrap the connectors in tape or heat-shrink sleeves to prevent them working loose. For connecting the aileron and landing flap servos to the receiver you will need four extension leads, Order No , which should be connected permanently to the appropriate receiver sockets. Foam padding for the receiver and receiver battery is included in the kit. Standard-size servos can be used in this model. Adhesives Fast-setting epoxy resin, e.g. UHU plus schnellfest, Order No. 962 Slow-setting epoxy resin, e.g. UHU plus endfest 300, Order No White glue, e.g. UHU coll, Order No Cellulose cement, e.g. UHU hart, Order No Cyano-acrylate glue ( cyano ), e.g. Order No Thread-lock fluid, e.g. Order No. 952

8 Accessories for flying the model (not included) Synthetic oil based glow fuel, to suit engine Fuel filter, e.g. Order No Fuel tubing, e.g. Order No Manual fuel pump, e.g. Order No or 6870 Glowplug energizer battery and clip, e.g. Order No Electric starter, e.g. Order No Starter battery, e.g. Order No Tools required (not included) Various (cross-point) screwdrivers, pointed-nose pliers, flat-nose pliers, side-cutters, balsa knife or razor blade, set of twist drills, universal glowplug spanner, Z-bend pliers, Order No. 5732, soldering iron, pencil, felt-tip pen, fine-tipped soldering iron. Assembling the CESSNA 172 S Please don t start building the model until you have read right through the building instructions and are familiar with all the airframe s components and stages of construction. If you are not satisfied with any part, inform your supplier before you start work on the aircraft. The first step is to glue the hinges half-way into the control surfaces. The following photos show the elevators as an example, but the procedure is the same for all the other panels: the best method is to push the hinges into the slots in the control surfaces to a depth of about 1 mm, apply drops of cyano to both sides of each hinge, then push them in to the half-way point. Allow the glue to set hard, then offer up the control surface to the corresponding fixed panel and check alignment; you may need to adjust the hinge slots slightly. When you are satisfied, withdraw the control surface, leaving about 1 mm of the hinges still inside the slots. Apply a few drops of cyano to the hinges, as described earlier, then push them into the slots, leaving an even gap about 0.5 mm wide along the hinge pivot line. While the glue is hardening, press the rubber grommets and tubular metal spacers into the servo mounting lugs, and screw them to the servo mounts; drill 1.5 mm Ø pilot-holes for the retaining screws beforehand. Fix the servos to the mounting blocks using the retaining screws supplied in the servo accessory packs. Note that the rubber grommets should be fitted in the servo mounting lugs first, followed by the metal spacers, with the flange on the underside. The metal spacers can now be used as a drilling template for the pilot-holes. You will find it easier to insert the spacers if you thread them onto a small screwdriver first. The servo leads can now be drawn through the wings using the lengths of thread already fitted in the panels: tie the thread just behind the connector and pull the lead through in this way. Note that the extension leads must be fitted to the servo leads first. Secure each connector with a heat-shrink sleeve or a drop of cyano to prevent them working loose.

9 The next step is to install the landing flaps; start by temporarily taping them to the wings. The distance from the edge of each flap to the inboard hinge should be about 50 mm; the distance to the outboard hinge should be about 35 mm. Tack each hinge to the wing and flap with two drops of cyano, as shown in the photo. Now the holes for the retaining screws can be drilled 1.5 mm Ø. Attach the hinges using the pan-head screws supplied, but only tighten them to the point where the hinges can no longer be shifted. Apply a drop of UHU coll (white glue) to each hole before fitting the screws permanently. Before installing the servos in the wing they must be set accurately to centre from the transmitter. The servos should be installed in the wing panels as shown in the photo. Drill a hole at the marked point for the aluminium threaded sleeve, then remove the covering film from the control surface over an area the size of the sleeve s flange. Fit the machine screw in the threaded sleeve, set the end flush with the bottom of the sleeve, then glue the sleeve in the hole in the control surface. Connect the pushrod to the plastic horn lug. Mark the length of the pushrod, and bend the plain end at right-angles at the marked point. Connect the pushrod to the servo output arm and secure it with the plastic keeper. Snip off the excess pushrod length, so that it projects by about 1 mm beyond the keeper. Locate the holes in the wing centre section for the aerials, the retaining screws and the servo leads, and use a hot soldering iron to melt the covering film over them. Push the wing centre section and the outboard wing panels together on the aluminium joiner tube to the point where the servo leads and navigation light wires can be threaded through the holes in the centre section. At this point the wing panels can be glued together permanently. Apply adhesive tape over the panel joints as shown in the photos, check alignment once more, then leave the glue to set hard. Wipe off excess adhesive using a piece of paper towel. Place the tail panels in position at the rear end of the fuselage, and position the tailplane so that it is exactly central (measure each side) and forms a right-angle to the fuselage centreline (when viewed from above). Check that the fin rests squarely on the tailplane. With the panels in this position, use a felt-tip pen to mark the line of the fuselage and fin on both sides of the tailplane. Remove the panels, and cut through the film by running the tip of a hot soldering iron just inside the marked lines. Peel off the superfluous film. The main undercarriage is installed next: use your fingertips to locate the openings in the underside of the fuselage, and melt the film over the holes using the tip of a hot soldering iron.

10 Cut out the undercarriage cuffs (fairings) along the marked lines, and trim them to fit snugly against the fuselage: this is accomplished by screwing the undercarriage legs to the fuselage and slipping the cuffs over the legs and against the fuselage. You may need to make minor adjustments to obtain a close fit. The undercarriage cuffs are glued to the fuselage using UHU Kraftkleber. Drill 4 mm Ø holes on the inboard side of each wheel spat at a point about 8 mm from the bottom edge of the moulding, and equi-spaced from both ends of the wheel opening. Mount the wheels and wheel axles on the undercarriage legs as shown in the photos. Assemble the noseleg unit, the steering arm and the plastic bracket as shown in the photo. Note that the steering pushrod should be connected to the outer hole in the steering arm. The retaining screw for the nosewheel steering arm must be secured with a drop of UHU schraubensicher (thread-lock fluid) to prevent it working loose. Lay the engine on the arms of the engine mount, and mark the position of the holes for the retaining screws. Note that the distance between the rear face of the mount and the front face of the propeller driver should be about 115 mm. Drill the holes accurately, using a size of bit to suit the retaining screws. Place the engine mount on the fuselage firewall (nose bulkhead) and attach it using the screws supplied. Apply UHU schraubensicher to the screws to prevent them working loose. Assembling and installing the fueltank Cut a piece of silicone fuel tubing and push it onto the fueltank clunk pick-up. Push the free end of the fuel tubing onto one of the tubes in the fueltank stopper, and check that the pick-up will be able to move freely inside the tank without binding or jamming when the stopper is in place. Now push the tank stopper, complete with pick-up and pre-formed tubes, into the throat of the fueltank; ensure that one preformed tube faces down (for filling the tank). The pipe facing up is the overflow (when the tank is filled), and is later connected to the pressure nipple on the silencer. Cut three pieces of silicone fuel tubing and push them onto the tubes where they exit the fueltank. Mark the fuel lines using a felt-tip pen or coloured tape to indicate which is the fuel feed, the filler and the pressure connection. Push the stopper over the tank throat and tighten the cross-point screw to clamp the stopper in place. It is essential to tighten the screw to the point where the tank is completely sealed. Push the fueltank into the tank compartment behind the firewall, and pack pieces of foam rubber round it to prevent it shifting in flight. Note that the three fuel lines must exit the opening in the firewall, ready to be connected at a later stage. Fix the glow engine to the engine mount using the countersunk machine screws supplied. Attach the silencer to the engine using the retaining screws supplied with the silencer.

11 At this point the marked fuel lines can be connected as follows: the overflow tube should be connected to the pressure take-off nipple mounted on the silencer. The fuel feed line (connected to the fuel pick-up in the tank) is connected to the nipple on the carburettor. The fueltank filler tube can be passed out of a hole in the side of the cowl. Before the cowl can be installed, the various openings should be cut and filed out to shape to clear the silencer, the needle valve, the glowplug, etc. At this stage the model will stand stably on its undercarriage, and this is a good time to glue the tail panels to the fuselage. Place the tailplane in its saddle at the rear end of the fuselage, and position it so that it is exactly central (measure left and right), and forms a right-angle to the fuselage when viewed from above. Run a felt-tip pen along the underside of the tailplane to mark the shape of the fuselage on the panel. Remove the tailplane, and melt the covering film by running the tip of a hot soldering iron about 2 mm inside the marked lines. Peel off the unwanted film from the tailplane. Glue the tailplane in its saddle, and prevent it shifting by pinning it in place until the glue has set hard. Remove the pins when the glue has set, place the fin on top and mark its outline on the tailplane. As described for the underside, mark the outline of the fin on the top surface of the tailplane, and melt away the film using a hot soldering iron, running it along just inside the marked lines. When gluing the fin in place ensure that it is installed exactly at right-angles to the tailplane. Press the rubber grommets and metal tubular spacers into the mounting lugs of the rudder, elevator and throttle servos, as described at the start of the building instructions. Fix the servos to the servo plate using the retaining screws supplied in the accessory packs. When the glue holding the tailplane and fin in place has set hard, drill holes for the horns at the marked points in both elevators and the rudder. Install the horns in the control surfaces as shown in the photos. The M3 machine screws which serve as horn pillars must be secured with a drop of UHU schraubensicher.

12 Screw the plastic horn lugs onto the M3 horn pillars, and set a lever length of about 23 mm for the rudder, and around 27 mm for both elevators. Slip the rudder and elevator pushrods into the guide sleeves from the tail end of the fuselage; you will need to melt the film over the pushrod openings with a hot soldering iron beforehand. Connect the clevises to the plastic horn lugs. At the front end link the two elevator pushrods using the DUO pushrod connector supplied in the kit (as shown in the photo). Connect the pushrods to the servo output arms using swivel pushrod connectors; you will need to drill out the linkage holes to 2 mm Ø beforehand. When installing the swivel pushrod connectors ensure that they rotate smoothly, without noticeable lost motion. It is imperative to secure the grubscrews which clamp the pushrods in the swivel connectors with a drop of UHU schraubensicher to prevent them working loose. The ON / OFF switch can be mounted in the fuselage side, as shown in the photo. The purpose of the smaller ON / OFF switch is to turn the two flashing diodes in the wingtips on and off: the wires to the LEDs must be soldered in such a way that they can be connected to the switch and the battery box supplied in the kit. Pack the receiver battery and the battery box for the navigation light system in foam, and stow them under the plate which supports the cabin seats. Glue the four seats to the plate, arranged as shown in the photo. When the glue has set hard, install the seat plate in the fuselage using four pan-head self-tapping screws. File out semi-circular openings in both sides of the seat plate to clear the extension leads (permanently connected to the receiver), so that the leads can be run up to the wing saddle. Assembling the CESSNA 172 S To make it easier to connect the aileron and landing flap servos to the receiver, we recommend that you permanently connect 180 mm long extension leads to the appropriate receiver sockets (2, 5, 6 and 7). Connect the aileron and flap servos to the extension leads, then place the wing on the fuselage and engage the two plywood lugs in the slots in the front fuselage former. The wing can now be fixed to the fuselage by fitting the two plastic screws at the trailing edge. Don t over-tighten the screws: turn them just to the point where the wings make firm contact with the fuselage. Attach the two wing struts to the fuselage and the wings using the plastic screws supplied in the kit. Balancing the CESSNA 172 S Support the assembled model (fueltank empty) under both wing roots at a point about 80 mm aft of the wing root leading edge. If the CG position is correct, the model will hang level, with the nose inclined slightly down. If necessary, re-position the receiver battery, or glue lead ballast to the nose or tail to obtain the correct balance. All the control surfaces must be exactly at centre when the transmitter sticks and trims are in the neutral position; check this carefully before the first flight.

13 Control surface travels for normal flying Ailerons 10 mm up, 6 mm down Elevators 20 mm up, 20 mm down Rudder 40 mm left, 40 mm right Landing flaps take-off 8 mm down landing 30 mm down We recommend that you set the following Exponential values at the transmitter: Aileron 30% Elevator 20% Rudder 50% The 50% Expo on the rudder is particularly helpful when you are rolling the model. Important: When fitting and adjusting the various linkages you should ensure that they move freely, without binding, are able to move to their full extent - including trim travel - and are not obstructed mechanically at any point. When you move the rudder stick to the right, the rudder should also deflect to the right (left stick: left rudder). Pull the elevator stick back towards you, and both elevators must deflect up (stick forward: elevators down). If you move the aileron stick to the right, the right aileron should rise, the left aileron fall. When you move the throttle stick forward, the engine should run to the full-throttle position, i.e. the carburettor barrel should be fully open (back-stick: idle). We have found it best to assign the landing flap function to a programmable three-position switch mounted on the stick-top. Now all that remains is to wish you every success and many enjoyable flights with your CESSNA 172 S. Yours - the team!