Techno-economic Assessment of Microalgae Biodiesel
|
|
- Delphia Berry
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The1 st International Conference on Applied Microbiology entitled Biotechnology and Its Applications in the Field of Sustainable Agricultural Development March 1-3, 2016 Giza, Egypt Techno-economic Assessment of Microalgae Biodiesel Hassan I. El-Shimi Associate Lecturer Chemical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Egypt Phone: Wednesday March 2 nd, 2016
2 Introduction Why make algae a fuel? Research Objectives Experimental Work Results Conclusions Acknowledgement References 2
3 Introduction
4 Ever-increasing of energy incentives the scientists to search and develop renewable energy sources such as biofuels. Liquid biofuel is the unique alternative for transportation fuel, while solar and wind energy is better to utilize in electricity production. Algal biodiesel is a technically attractive alternative and renewable diesel fuel without excessive engine modifications. 4
5 Why make algae a fuel?
6 Microalgae can be cultivated in domestic wastewater (1m 3 of wastewater is required to produce 800 g of dry algae). Microalgae reduce emissions of a major greenhouse gas (1 kg of algal biomass requiring about 1.8 kg of CO 2 ). 6
7 Biodiesel from Algae doesn t conflict with the food crisis. 7
8 Microalgae reproduce themselves every few days. High oil productivity ( gallon/acre/year) Oil yield exceed 10x the yield of the best oilseed crops. 8
9 Research Objectives
10 Biodiesel Production from Algae Extraction of Algal Oil using Mechanical Pressing followed by Chemical Solvent like Hexane. OR Direct Transesterification of Algal Lipids into Fatty acid Methyl Esters (Biodiesel) without Pre-extraction of Algal Oil. Transesterification of Algal Oil into Biodiesel. 10
11 Chemistry of Transesterification Clean Burning Alternative fuel for diesel engines Produced from Domestic Renewable Resources: any fat or oil, like vegetable oil, used greases, animal fat. Meets health effect testing (CAA) Lower emissions, better lubricity High flash point (>170 o C), Safe to store and burn Biodegradable, Essentially non-toxic. Chemically, biodiesel molecules are mono-alkyl esters produced usually from triglyceride esters 11
12 Research Objectives Highest Algal Biomass Productivity and Lipids % Wastewater Direct Transesterification CO 2 Emissions Egypt Desert Algal Biomass Feasibility Study & Algal Biodiesel Commercialization 12
13 Experimental work
14 Materials Spirulina-platensis Microalgae were supplied from Microbiology Department, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza Compounds % Proteins 61.3 Lipids Minerals 6.95 Fibers 4 Moisture 0.5 Carbohydrates 12.8 Nucleic acid 2.5 Chemicals Methanol CH 3 OH (99.9 % purity) Sulphuric acid H 2 SO 4 as a Catalyst (98% purity) Hexane C 6 H 14 for Decantation Distilled H 2 O All chemicals were purchased from El-Nasr Pharmaceutical Chemicals Co. Egypt. 14
15 Equipment 15
16 Microalgae Powder Algal cake Direct Transesterification "Acidic Methanol" Reactor Water Filtration Filtrate solution: Biodiesel + Glycerol + Catalyst + Methanol + Unreacted Oilgae Reaction Time Temperature Hexane Methanol Generation of two layers Obtain water layer: glycerol + catalyst + excess methanol Hydrophobic layer: hexane + biodiesel + unreacted Oilgae Catalyst Concentration Glycerol Evaporation Filtration over sodium sulphate Biodiesel Evaporation Alcohol/Oilgae (wt./wt.) Agitation Mode 16
17 Filtration Biodiesel Crude Glycerol 17
18 Results
19 Algal Oil Algalcake Fatty acid Spirulina Jatropha Component Value Unit Mystic (C14:0) Carbohydrates 12.6 %wt Palmitic (C16:0) Protein 51.5 %wt Palmitoleic (C16:1) Moisture 1.5 %wt Stearic (C18:0) Ash 7.5 %wt Oleic (C18:1) Ca 400 mg/100 g algae 900 Linoleic (C18:2) P 900 mg/100 g algae Linoleuic(C18:3) Fe 70 mg/100 g algae 500 Ecosanoic (C20:0) N mg/100 g algae Eicosenoic (C20:1) K 1475 mg/100 g algae Saturated Valid as a bio-fertilizer Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Avg. The Mpredominant wt. fatty acid 845 was the palmitic Nil acid C16:0 (49.58% by mole), which makes the oil a promising feedstock for biodiesel fuel synthesis. The acid value and viscosity of Oilgae were too much; 37.4 mg KOH/g and 58 cp, respectively. Therefore the choice of acidic over alkaline catalysis for the direct transesterification process was justified. 19
20 Variables affecting the direct transesterification
21 Algal biofuel conversion (%) 1. Effect of Alcohol/S.platensis mass ratio The H 2 SO 4 load was optimized to be 100% (wt/wt oil); where further increase had not improved the process efficiency y = 2E-07x x x R² = Methyl alcohol/s.platensis mass ratio Temperature: 65 o C Time: 8 hr Catalyst conc. 100% wt. Stirring: 650 rpm The studied range of methanol/feedstock mass ratio was: 267/1 667/1 that equivalent to ml for each 1g algal biomass. No significant increase in algal biodiesel is reported above 533/1. 21
22 2. Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature Time, hr Yield % 27 o C 40 o C 50 o C 65 o C To investigate the influence of reaction time (2, 4, 8 and 10 hr) and temperature (27, 40, 50 and 65C), a methanol volume of 80 ml, 100% by mol. catalyst conc. and continuously stirring the reaction at 650 rpm conditions were used. The fact that the elevated temperatures (and pressures) improved the initial miscibility of the reacting species, leading to a significant reduction in the reaction times. 22
23 Biodiesel Conversion (%) 2. Effect of Reaction Time and Temperature y = x x R² = y = x2 + 21x R² = y = x x R² = y = x x R² = C 40C 50C 65C Reaction Time (hr) 23
24 Yield % 3. Effect of Stirring Process conditions: 15g biomass, 80ml methanol, 100% H 2 SO 4 conc., at 65 C for 4 hrs. No stirring When the in situ transesterification process was conducted without stirring, no reaction will be obtained, and the equilibrium conversion of the microalgae oil content to biodiesel is zero. Stirred intermittently (1 h off, 1 h on) 30 Stirred continuously Because 87% of the equilibrium FAME conversion was achieved after 1 h with continuous stirring under the experimental transesterification conditions. 24
25 Quality Assessment of Algal Biodiesel Property Unit Petroleum diesel Algal biodiesel Biodiesel (EN 14214) Carbon range C8-C16 C12:0-C22:0 C14:0-C20:2 Density at 15 o C g/cm Viscosity at 40 o C cst Acid number mg KOH/g oil <0.5 Pour point o C -15 to Cloud point o C -15 to Flash point o C >101 Aniline point Distillation range o C Auto-ignition point o C Water content ppm <500 C %wt H 2 %wt 13 < O 2 %wt 0 > S %wt 0.13 Nil <0.01 Calorific value MJ/kg Cetane number >51 Paraffins %wt - 79 (avg.) - Olefins %wt - 20 (avg.) - 25
26 Algal Biodiesel Economics
27 Economic assessment of algal biodiesel project Assumptions The feedstock is Nannochloropsis sp. of 44%wt lipid content. The biomass cost is assumed to be $400/ton, and algal biodiesel price is suggested to be $2500/ton. The production capacity of algal biofuel is 0.5 million tons/year. Operating hours based on three shifts (8h) per day and 300 working days per year. The storage capacity is suggested to be only one week for raw materials and products. The catalyst (H 2 SO 4 conc.) will be supplied by Egyptian Armed-Forces Plants ($1250/ton). Glycerin and algalcake are co-products that help to minimize the annual production cost. Algalcake price is suggested to be $300/ton, whatever its utilization purpose as bio-fertilizer or solid biofuel 80% of methanol is assumed to be recovered. Depreciation estimated using straight line method for 15 years life span and the scrap value is estimated to be 10 % of equipment cost (EC). Electricity cost is $0.1/kWh, and the electricity consumption is assumed to be 70kWh/ton algal biodiesel. Working capital investment (WCI) is represent 20% of fixed capital investment (FCI); as the products are not require marketing heads 10% of gross earnings is accounted for taxes expenses. 27
28 Raw materials and revenues cost Quantity (ton/yr) Unit cost ($/ton) Cost ($/yr) Raw materials Algal biomass Methyl alcohol H 2 SO 4 catalyst Revenues Biodiesel Glycerin Algalcake
29 Equipment cost (EC) Equipment Unit No. Total cost ($) Algae storage tanks (300 m 3 ) Belt conveyor Methanol storage tanks (200 m 3 ) H 2 SO 4 storage tanks (200 m 3 ) Mixing vessels (100 m 3 ) Transesterification reactors (Jacketed & Agitated 100 m 3 ) Mixers (Propeller, 10 hp) Decanters/Centrifuges (bottom driven 3m diameter) Pumps (progressive cavity type, 30gallon/min) Extraction/Distillation columns ( 2m Diameter,20m Height) Algal biodiesel storage tanks (200 m 3 ) Glycerin storage tanks (100 m 3 ) Filters (Hydrocyclone, 1m diameter, m 3 /h) EC
30 Capital investment (CI) Capital investment category Cost ($) Equipment cost (EC) Equipment delivery cost Installation cost Piping Buildings Utilities Instrumentation & Control Site Development Auxiliary buildings Design and Eng Contractor' fee Contingency Legal expenses FCI WCI TCI 276,228,480 30
31 Algal biofuel cost (ABC) Unit cost (US$) Cost ($/yr) Direct Production Cost (DPC) Raw Materials Miscellaneous materials 10% M&O Electricity $0.1/kWh Maintenance and operational cost (M&O) 10%EC Operating labor $13500/employee/year Depreciation Striaght-line depreciation Plant overheads 50% of labor and M &O Interest 2% EC Property insurance cost 5% EC Indirect Production Cost (IPC) Research and Development 5% of DPC General expenses 25% of labor and M&O Contingency 10% of labor, M&O and plant overheads costs ABC ABC/ton biodiesel
32 ROR (%) Pay-back period (years) Techno-economic indicators for algal biofuel production based on the appreciated assumptions Selection of microalgae strain Item Value Raw materials ($/yr) 1,337,519,230 Revenues ($/yr) 1,539,990,072 Algae lipid productivity and fatty Total capital investment ($) 276,228,480 acid profiles that matching the Total production cost ($/yr) 1,437,777,202 biofuel requirements are generally Net profit ($/yr) 91,991,583 used to select the appropriate ROR (%) 33.3 strain, however lipid content is of Pay-back time (yr) 2.4 great importance criteria for algal biodiesel business For profitable algal biofuel 40 5 business, lipids content cannot less 20 than 37.3%; to get US$ net profit and 3.8 years a payback 0 time Microalgae lipid (%) ROR Pay-back period Algae specie Oil %wt Nitzschia sp Neochloris oleoabundans Nannochloropsis sp Botryococcus braunii Schizochytrium sp
33 Conclusions
34 Algal biofuel is interested in recent years; due to the unique benefits of microalgae Oilgae extraction is one of the most costly processes which can determine the sustainability of microalgae-based biodiesel. However, it is necessary to evaluate Oilgae properties and determine the appropriate method for biofuel production. The existence of C16:0-C18:3 in algal oil making it a promising feedstock for green fuel production, but the high viscosity (58cp) and excessive FFA (~18%) resists its direct use as a fuel Direct transesterification (or in-situ) process integrates oil extraction and its conversion into biodiesel in a single step; hence it minimizes the total manufacturing cost. Results reported that methanol/spirulina platensis mass ratio of 533/1 is recommended to be ideal; to yield 84.7% of algal biofuel at 65 o C, 100% catalyst concentration and 8h with experimental error of ±3.5%. Biochemical analysis of algalcake proved its utilization as a bio-fertilizer, animal fodder, solid biofuel, or a feedstock for bioethanol production according to economics view point. Quality assessment of algal biodiesel confirm EN standards. Preliminary economic analysis of algal biodiesel project show that TCI is US$ , annual ABC is US$ , annual net profit is US$ , ROR is 33.3% and payback time is 2.4 yr for production capacity of 0.5Million tons based on algae lipid content of 44% (Nannochloropsis), feedstock cost of US$400/ton and algal biofuel selling price of US$2500/ton. To obtain a profit, the algae oil content cannot be less than 37.3%. 34
35 Acknowledgements The author would like to express his appreciation to the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt for the technical and financial support.
36 References Are available in the conference proceedings.
37 37
Production of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Production of Biodiesel from Used Groundnut Oil from Bosso Market, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria Alabadan B.A. Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University, Oye Ekiti. Ajayi
More informationAbstract Process Economics Program Report 251 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION (November 2004)
Abstract Process Economics Program Report 251 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION (November 2004) Biodiesel is an ester of fatty acids produced from renewable resources such as virgin vegetable oil, animal fats and used
More informationProject Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM DAIRY WASH WATER SCUM THROUGH HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TBC DIESEL ENGINE FOR DIFFERENT DIESEL AND METHANOL BLEND RATIOS Project Reference No.: 40S_B_MTECH_007
More informationMethanol recovery during transesterification of palm oil in a TiO2/Al2O3 membrane reactor: Experimental study and neural network modeling
University of Malaya From the SelectedWorks of Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman 2010 Methanol recovery during transesterification of palm oil in a TiO2/Al2O3 membrane reactor: Experimental study and neural network
More informationBiodiesel Business Environment
Biodiesel Business Environment By Patum Vegetable Oil co., ltd. February 12, 2008 Innovation on Biofuel in Thailand, Century Park Hotel Agenda Company Profile Biodiesel Technology Country Policy & Regulation
More informationBiodiesel from Algae: Challanges, oppurtunuties and the way forward
Biodiesel from Algae: Challanges, oppurtunuties and the way forward Biofuels Effective Less harmful Renewable Can be used in many cars today Biodiesel Fatty acid and methyl esters originating from
More informationThe Purification Feasibilityof GlycerinProduced During
The Purification Feasibilityof GlycerinProduced During BiodieselProduction S. Soulayman, F. Mustafa, and A. Hadbah Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and technology, Damascus, P.O. Box 31983, Syria,
More informationProduction and Properties of Biodistillate Transportation Fuels
Production and Properties of Biodistillate Transportation Fuels AWMA International Specialty Conference: Leapfrogging Opportunities for Air Quality Improvement May 10-14, 2010 Xi an, Shaanxi Province,
More informationOptimization of the Temperature and Reaction Duration of One Step Transesterification
Optimization of the Temperature and Reaction Duration of One Step Transesterification Ding.Z 1 and Das.P 2 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, National university
More informationProduction of Biodiesel Fuel from Waste Soya bean Cooking Oil by Alkali Trans-esterification Process
Current World Environment Vol. 11(1), 260-266 (2016) Production of Biodiesel Fuel from Waste Soya bean Cooking Oil by Alkali Trans-esterification Process Ajinkya Dipak Deshpande*, Pratiksinh Dilipsinh
More informationKeywords: Simarouba Glauca, Heterogeneous base catalyst, Ultrasonic Processor, Phytochemicals.
PRODUCTION OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS FROM SIMAROUBA OIL VIA ULTRASONIC IRRADIATION PROCESS, EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF BYPRODUCTS. TESTING AND EXTRACTION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM SIMAROUBA OIL AND CAKE COLLEGE
More informationCHAPTER - 3 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
75 CHAPTER - 3 PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL FROM NON-EDIBLE VEGETABLE OILS Table of Contents Chapter 3: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL FROM NON-EDIBLE VEGETABLE OILS S.
More informationBiodiesel Solutions André Y. Tremblay, P.Eng., Ph.D. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa
Biodiesel Solutions André Y. Tremblay, P.Eng., Ph.D. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa PEO - Ottawa Chapter- Sustainability Seminar January 24 th, 2013 CO2 and Temperature
More informationV.Venkatakranthi Teja. N S Raju Institute of Technology (NSRIT), Sontyam, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh , India.
Preparation of Waste Cooking Oil as Alternative Fuel and Experimental Investigation Using Bio-Diesel Setup a Comparative Study with Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Mr.S.Sanyasi Rao Pradesh - 531173, India.
More informationDirect transesterification of lipids from Microalgae by acid catalyst
Direct transesterification of lipids from Microalgae by acid catalyst Chemistry Concepts: Acid catalysis; direct transesterification Green Chemistry Topics Alternate energy sources; renewable feedstocks;
More informationBiodiesel Oil Derived from Biomass Solid Waste
, July 6-8, 2011, London, U.K. Biodiesel Oil Derived from Biomass Solid Waste Mohamed Y. E. Selim, Y. Haik, S.-A. B. Al-Omari and H. Abdulrahman Abstract - Oils of a significant value both as fuels as
More informationBiofuel Industry Introduction, Production Processing & Characterization of Product
Biofuel Industry Introduction, Production Processing & Characterization of Product The lecture is designed for 4 th Chemical Engineering Students, UAM Presented by Dr. Eng. Hassan I. El- Shimi Assistant
More informationConversion of Peanut Oil into Jet and Diesel Fuels. Panama City, Florida 22 July 2016 Edward N. Coppola
Conversion of Peanut Oil into Jet and Diesel Fuels Panama City, Florida 22 July 2016 Edward N. Coppola SOLVING PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL IMPORTANCE About ARA, Inc. Founded 1979, Albuquerque, New Mexico 1,086
More informationEnergy Balance Analysis of Biodiesel and Biogas from the Microalgae: Haematococcus pluvialis and Nannochloropsis
Energy Balance Analysis of Biodiesel and Biogas from the Microalgae: Haematococcus pluvialis and Nannochloropsis Luis F. Razon and Raymond R. Tan Department of Chemical Engineering De La Salle University
More informationBiodiesel. As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is
Aaron Paternoster CHEM 380 10D Prof. Laurie Grove January 30, 2015 Biodiesel Introduction As fossil fuels become increasingly expensive to extract and produce, bio-diesel is proving to be an economically
More informationPROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 39S_R_MTECH_1508
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE BASED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM MIXED WASTE COOKING OIL AND ITS PERFORMANCE ON DIESEL ENGINE PROJECT REFERENCE NO.: 39S_R_MTECH_1508 COLLEGE
More informationInternational Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: Vol.8, No.9, pp , 2015
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.8, No.9, pp 297-304, 2015 Biodiesel production from Chlorella Sp: Process Design and Preliminary Economic Evaluation N.
More informationOptimization of Biodiesel production parameters (Pongamia pinnata oil) by. transesterification process,
Journal of Advanced & Applied Sciences (JAAS) Volume 03, Issue 03, Pages 84-88, 2015 ISSN: 2289-6260 Optimization of Biodiesel production parameters (Pongamia pinnata oil) by transesterification process
More informationExperimental investigation on constant-speed diesel engine fueled with. biofuel mixtures under the effect of fuel injection
Experimental investigation on constant-speed diesel engine fueled with biofuel mixtures under the effect of fuel injection 1 I. Vinoth kanna *, 2 K. Subramani, 3 A. Devaraj 1 2 3 Department of Mechanical
More informationDAVI DOS SANTOS, STEPHEN MONTGOMERY, ANN NUNNELLEY, MD NURUDDIN BSEN 5540/6540: BIOMASS AND BIOFUELS BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM VEGETABLE OIL GROUP:
DAVI DOS SANTOS, STEPHEN MONTGOMERY, ANN NUNNELLEY, MD NURUDDIN BSEN 5540/6540: BIOMASS AND BIOFUELS BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM VEGETABLE OIL GROUP: POPLAR 13 NOVEMBER, 2015 Table of Contents Introduction
More informationBIODIESEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ALTERNATIVE RAW MATERIALS
Biofuel Technologies and their Implications for Water and Land Use August 10-13 - 2009 Sao Pablo - BRASIL BIODIESEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ALTERNATIVE RAW MATERIALS Carlos Querini Research Institute on
More information: BioFacts. Biodiesel. What.isBiodiesel? The Resource. net carbon dioxide or sulfur to
: BioFacts i 1 1 StrongerEconomy Fueling a ' Biodiesel What isbiodiesel? A substitute for or an additive to diesel fuel that is derived from the oils and fats of plants An alternative fuel that can be
More informationInternational Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: Vol.7, No.4, pp ,
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.7, No.4, pp 2112-2116, 2014-2015 Production of Biodiesel by Transesterification of Algae Oil with an assistance of Nano-CaO
More informationAlgal Fame production with a novel surfactant based catalyst in a reactive extraction. NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
Algal Fame production with a novel surfactant based catalyst in a reactive extraction Kamoru A Salam a*, Sharon B Velasquez-Orta a, Adam P Harvey a a School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials
More informationWhat is Biodiesel? Biodiesel consists of alkyl-esters derived from a biological source
Biodiesel What is Biodiesel? Biodiesel consists of alkyl-esters derived from a biological source Biodiesel can be used as a fuel in compression ignition engines (i.e. diesels) Can be blended with petroleum
More informationWastewater Treatment Facilities: A Source of Oil for Producing Biodiesel Rafael Hernandez and Todd French Mississippi State University Dave C.
Wastewater Treatment Facilities: A Source of Oil for Producing Biodiesel Rafael Hernandez and Todd French Mississippi State University Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering Biodiesel Industry: Present
More informationCost Analysis for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Plant in Egypt
, ijsmartgrid Cost Analysis for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Plant in Egypt Abd Allah S. A. El-Gharabawy The Egyptian Ethylene & Derivatives Company ETHYDCO, Alexandria, Egypt ab_pet_88@hotmail.com
More informationSYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL
SYNTHESIS OF BIODIESEL AIM 1. To generate laboratory know-how for the process of production of biodiesel from the given oil feed stock 2. To perform basic mass and energy balance calculations for a large
More informationAbout the authors xi. Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy. Preface
v Contents About the authors xi Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy Preface xiii xv 1 Biodiesel as a renewable energy source 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Energy policy 2 1.3 Transformation of biomass 20 1.4
More informationIntegrated Biodiesel Plants: Options and Perspectives
Integrated Biodiesel Plants: Options and Perspectives Anestis Vlysidis 1,2,3, Michael Binns 1,3, Colin Webb 1,2, Constantinos Theodoropoulos 1,3* 1 School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science,
More informationPERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER BLEND WITH ADITIVE DIETHYL ETHER (DEE)
International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 2, February 214 PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING RICE BRAN OIL METHYL ESTER
More informationCONVERSION OF GLYCEROL TO GREEN METHANOL IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER
CONVERSION OF GLYCEROL TO GREEN METHANOL IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER Maša Knez Hrnčič, Mojca Škerget, Ljiljana Ilić, Ţeljko Knez*, University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory
More informationQuantitative Analysis of Chemical Compositions from Various Sources of Crude Glycerine
CMU.J.Nat.Sci.Special Issue on Agricultural & Natural Resources (2012) Vol.11 (1) 157 Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Compositions from Various Sources of Crude Glycerine Adisorn Settapong * and Chaiyawan
More informationConventional Homogeneous Catalytic Process with Continuous-typed Microwave and Mechanical Stirrer for Biodiesel Production from Palm Stearin
2012 4th International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering IPCBEE vol.43 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPCBEE. 2012. V43. 2 Conventional Homogeneous Catalytic
More informationSynthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester by In-Situ Transesterification in Capparis Deciduas Seed
Synthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester by In-Situ Transesterification in Capparis Deciduas Seed Raghunath D POKHARKAR, Prasad E FUNDE, Shripad S JOSHI Shirish S PINGALE Jain irrigation
More informationTransesterification of Palm Oil with NaOH Catalyst Using Co-solvent Methyl Ester
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG, ISSN: 0974-4290, ISSN(Online):2455-9555 Vol.9, No.12, pp 570-575, 2016 Transesterification of Palm Oil with NaOH Catalyst Using Co-solvent
More informationA Renewable Diesel from Algae: Synthesis and Characterization of Biodiesel in Situ Transesterification of Chloro Phycophyta (Green Algea)
A Renewable Diesel from Algae: Synthesis and Characterization of Biodiesel in Situ Transesterification of Chloro Phycophyta (Green Algea) using Dodecane as a Solvent V.Naresh 1,S.Phabhakar 2, K.Annamalai
More informationIrish Biodiesel Production and Market Outlook
Irish Biodiesel Production and Market Outlook Mossie O Donovan Commercial Director EcoOla Ltd Thursday, 18 February 2010 The Tipperary Institute, Thurles 1 Overview o Motivation o Biodiesel Production
More informationWhere you find solutions. Strategic Biodiesel Decisions
Strategic Biodiesel Decisions What is Biodiesel? Biodiesel is defined as the mono-alkyl ester of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, commonly referred to as B100. Biodiesel must meet
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL With a rapid increase in the demand of fossil fuel, decrease in the availability of crude oil supplies and greater environmental stringent norms on pollution has created
More informationRenewable Diesel & Biodiesel
Renewable Diesel & Biodiesel Considerations for Sustainable Fleets Fueled By Convenience! REG can make it easier to manage all your fuel needs!!! REG-9000 biodiesel REG-9000/Renewable Diesel #2 ULSD Heating
More informationTowards a Biodiesel-based Biorefinery: Chemical and Physical Properties of Reactively Extracted Rapeseed (Canola)
Towards a Biodiesel-based Biorefinery: Chemical and Physical Properties of Reactively Extracted Rapeseed (Canola) Yilong Ren, Adam Harvey and Rabitah Zakaria School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced
More informationBIODIESEL DEVELOPMENT FROM HIGH FREE FATTY ACID PUNNAKKA OIL
BIODIESEL DEVELOPMENT FROM HIGH FREE FATTY ACID PUNNAKKA OIL Ramaraju A. and Ashok Kumar T. V. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India E-Mail: ashokkumarcec@gmail.com
More informationPublished in Offshore World, April-May 2006 Archived in
Published in Offshore World, April-May 2006 Archived in Dspace@nitr, http://dspace.nitrkl.ac.in/dspace Preparation of karanja oil methyl ester. R. K. Singh *, A. Kiran Kumar and S. Sethi Department of
More informationStudy on the Production of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil
33 Study on the Production of Biodiesel from Sunflower Oil Aye Hnin Khine 1, Aye Aye Tun 2 1 Department of Chemistry, Yangon University, Myanmar; ahkhine2012@gmail.com 2 Dagon University, Myanmar; ayeayetun1961@gmail.com
More informationHybrid Biorefinery Biodiesel and Biogas Production Synergies
Hybrid Biorefinery and Biogas Production Synergies Joe Tesar, Quantalux, LLC Dana Kirk, MSU Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Dennis Pennington, Michigan State Extension Charles Gould,
More informationSynthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Sulphated Zirconias for Biodiesel Production by Triglyceride Cracking
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Sulphated Zirconias for Biodiesel Production by Triglyceride Cracking Elizabeth J. Eterigho, J. G. M. Lee & A. P. Harvey School of Chemical Engineering and
More informationPRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM FISH WASTE
MOHAN Y.V et al. PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM FISH WASTE MOHAN Y.V, PRAJWAL C.R, NITHIN N CHANDAVAR, PRAVEEN H.T 8 th semester, Department of Mechanical, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Technology, Chikmagaluru-577102
More informationSupply Chain Requirements for Jatropha Success in Ghana
Supply Chain Requirements for Jatropha Success in Ghana Clive Coker MSc MBA CEO www.jatrophaafrica.com Jatropha Plant Details Jatropha Curcus - a drought-resistant perennial, Fruiting tree life of 40 to
More informationAn Initial Investigation on Production of Biodiesel from Ayurvedic Waste Oil
An Initial Investigation on Production of Biodiesel from Ayurvedic Waste Oil Lakshmi T. R. 1, Shamnamol G. K. 2 P. G. Student, Department of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Sree Buddha College
More informationBiodistillate Fuels and Emissions in the U.S.
Biodistillate Fuels and Emissions in the U.S. Presented to the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine The Nexus of Biofuels, Energy, Climate Change, and
More informationTitle Jozef Mikulec 1, Ján Cvengroš 3, Andrea Kleinová 3, Tomáš Cvengroš 2, Ľudmila Joríková 1 1
The use of corn oil for biodiesel production Title Jozef Mikulec 1, Ján Cvengroš 3, Andrea Kleinová 3, Tomáš Cvengroš 2, Ľudmila Joríková 1 1 VÚRUP, a.s. Bratislava, 2 Chemoprojekt Slovakia, Ltd, 3 FCHPT
More informationDirect Production of Biodiesel from Lipid-Bearing Materials, Including Canola
Direct Production of Biodiesel from Lipid-Bearing Materials, Including Canola 1 Abstract Michael J. Haas, Karen Scott, Thomas Foglia and William N. Marmer Eastern Regional Research Center Agricultural
More informationProduction of Biodiesel from Waste Oil via Catalytic Distillation
Production of Biodiesel from Waste Oil via Catalytic Distillation Zhiwen Qi, Yuanqing Liu, Blaise Pinaud, Peter Rehbein Flora T.T. Ng*, Garry L. Rempel Department of Chemical Engineering, University of
More informationTULSION BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: WET VS. DRY WHICH METHOD SHOULD YOU USE?
TULSION BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: WET VS. DRY WHICH METHOD SHOULD YOU USE? T-45 BD & T-45 BD Macro Background: Biodiesel fuel, a proven alternative to petroleum diesel, is commonly made via a transesterification
More informationCan Fish Farms Use On Farm Biodiesel Production? Matt Veal, PhD NCSU Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Can Fish Farms Use On Farm Biodiesel Production? Matt Veal, PhD NCSU Biological and Agricultural Engineering Agenda What is Biodiesel? How do you make it? What are the by products? How is it marketed and
More informationBiofuels and characteristics
Lecture-16 Biofuels and characteristics Biofuels and Ethanol Biofuels are transportation fuels like ethanol and biodiesel that are made from biomass materials. These fuels are usually blended with petroleum
More informationNon-catalytic alcoholysis process for production of biodiesel fuel by using bubble column reactor
Journal of Physics: Conference Series OPEN ACCESS Non-catalytic alcoholysis process for production of biodiesel fuel by using bubble column reactor To cite this article: S Hagiwara et al 2015 J. Phys.:
More informationOptimization for Community Biodiesel Production from Waste Palm Oil via Two-Step Catalyzed Process
Journal of Materials Science and Engineering A 5 (5-6) (2015) 238-244 doi: 10.17265/2161-6213/2015.5-6.008 D DAVID PUBLISHING Optimization for Community Biodiesel Production from Waste Palm Oil via Two-Step
More informationEvaluation of heterotrophic chlorella protothecoides microalgae as a most suitable good quality biofuel
Evaluation of heterotrophic chlorella protothecoides microalgae as a most suitable good quality biofuel 1 Jagadevkumar A. Patil, 2 Pravin V. Honguntikar 1 Engineering Faculty of Godutai Engineering College
More informationSaddam H. Al-lwayzy. Supervisors: Dr. Talal Yusaf Dr. Paul Baker Dr. Troy Jensen 3/24/2013 1
Saddam H. Al-lwayzy Supervisors: Dr. Talal Yusaf Dr. Paul Baker Dr. Troy Jensen 3/24/2013 1 1. Introduction 2. Literature review 3. Research aim 4. Methodology 5. Some results 3/24/2013 2 Introduction
More informationWhat s s in your Tank?
What s s in your Tank? Biodiesel Could Be The Answer! Matthew Brown Lakewood High School Tom Hersh Golden West Community College Overview What is biodiesel? Chemistry of biodiesel Safety Making Biodiesel
More informationInvestigation of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Bio Diesel from Marine Algae
Investigation of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Bio Diesel from Marine Algae R.Velappan 1, and S.Sivaprakasam 2 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University. Annamalai
More informationProcessing of Biodiesel from Algae and Experimental Investigation on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine
Processing of Biodiesel from Algae and Experimental Investigation on Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Azeem Anzar 1, Azeem Hafiz P A 2 N R M Ashiq 3, Mohamed Shaheer S 4, Midhun M 5 1 Assitant Professor,
More informationAutomotive Technology
International Conference on Automotive Technology An Experimental Study on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Using CME- Diesel Blends. Hari Vasudevan a*,sandip
More informationPERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING CHICKEN OIL WITH DIESEL AS A BIOFUEL
PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF DIESEL ENGINE USING CHICKEN OIL WITH DIESEL AS A BIOFUEL Prakash T 1 Suraj S 2, Mayilsamy E 3,Vasanth Kumar R 4, Vinoth S V 5 1 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering,
More informationBIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY A CONTINUOUS PROCESS USING A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST
J. Curr. Chem. Pharm. Sc.: 2(1), 2012, 12-16 ISSN 2277-2871 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY A CONTINUOUS PROCESS USING A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST SHARDA D. NAGE *, K. S. KULKARNI, A. D. KULKARNI and NIRAJ S. TOPARE
More informationSmall GTL A New Midstream Opportunity
Small GTL A New Midstream Opportunity March 4, 2014 Mark Agee VP Business Development Some Definitions: In this presentation, GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) refers to the conversion of natural gas into hydrocarbon
More informationI International Journal of Innovations in Agricultural Sciences (IJIAS) Journal of In
Available online at www.jpsscientificpublications.com Volume 1; Issue - 1; Year 2017; Page: 53 58 ISSN: 2456-7353 DOI: 10.22192/ijias.2017.1.2.3 I International Journal of Innovations in Agricultural Sciences
More informationBiodiesell productionn withh Lewatit GF202 Lewatit GF202
Biodiesel production with Lewatit GF202 Lewatit GF202 Biodiesel production with Lewatit GF202 Removal of glycerine & soaps with Lewatit GF202 No water wash necessary Reduces investment and operating costs
More informationTechnology Development within Alternative Fuels. Yves Scharff
Technology Development within Alternative Fuels Yves Scharff 1 Agenda Introduction Axens and Alternative Fuels Axens Renewable Iso-paraffins Route 2 Why Alternative Fuels? Environmental Regulation By 2020,
More informationPRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING THE ONE STEP ALKALI-CATALYZED METHOD
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING THE ONE STEP ALKALI-CATALYZED METHOD SINTEI EBITEI AND TRUST PROSPER GBORIENEMI Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe Bayelsa State, Nigeria. ABSTRACT
More informationPRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM CHICKEN FAT
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM CHICKEN FAT Talha Ahmad Bin Faizal 1, Nur Liana Anira Bt Muhammad Raus 2, Mohd Hafizarif Bin Mokhtar 3, Mohd Arif Bin Abd. Shukor 4,Ariffin Anuar Bin Ahmad Khuzi 5, Zainal
More information8/3/2012 SIF: Energy School 2012,Varenna. Omar Said
Omar Said Introduction to myself Name: Omar Said (I am in Petroleum and Petrochemicals Engineering senior student Cairo University). Experience : Schlumberger oil service company trainee (wire line segment).
More informationInternational Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: Vol.8, No.4, pp , 2015
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG ISSN: 0974-4290 Vol.8, No.4, pp 1695-1700, 2015 Microwave Assisted to Biodiesel Production From Palm Oil In Time And Material Feeding Frequency
More informationSome Basic Questions about Biodiesel Production
Some Basic Questions about Biodiesel Production Jon Van Gerpen Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of Idaho 2012 Collective Biofuels Conference Temecula, CA August 17-19, 2012
More informationExperimental Analysis of Bio Oil under Transestrification Process by Using Babool Tree Seeds
Experimental Analysis of Bio Oil under Transestrification Process by Using Babool Tree Seeds Radhakrishnan.C 1, Yogeshwaran.K 1, Karunaraja.N 1, Tamilselvan.R 2, Sriram Gopal 2, Kavin Prasanth.K 2, Assistant
More informationBiofine Technology, LLC
Biofine Technology, LLC Cellulosic Biodiesel www.biofinetechnology.com 1 CELLULOSE AND STARCH THE BIOFINE PROCESS CELLULOSIC BIODIESEL BIOFINE PRESENTATION OUTLINE THE BIOFINE BIO-REFINING PROCESS LEVULINIC
More informationBiodiesel Specification in Indonesia
Biodiesel Specification in Indonesia Tatang H Soerawidjaja President of Indonesian Association of Bioenergiy Scientists and Technologists (IABEST), Member of Indonesian Academiy of Science (AIPI), Member
More informationBiofuels from Regional Waste Sources. Advanced Energy Conference November 9, 2010 New York City
Biofuels from Regional Waste Sources Advanced Energy onference November 9, 2010 New York ity Project Participants T. Butcher,. Brown, A. Vairavamurthy, G. Wei, and D. Mahajan: Brookhaven National Laboratory
More informationBiodiesel Production using Reactive Distillation: A Comparative Simulation Study
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Energy Procedia 75 (2015 ) 17 22 The 7 th International Conference on Applied Energy ICAE2015 Biodiesel Production using Reactive Distillation: A
More informationTransesterification of Palm Oil to Biodiesel and Optimization of Production Conditions i.e. Methanol, Sodium Hydroxide and Temperature
Journal of Energy and Natural Resources 2015; 4(3): 45-51 Published online June 18, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/jenr) doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20150403.12 ISSN: 2330-7366 (Print); ISSN: 2330-7404
More informationThe Analysis of Biodiesel for Trace Metals and the Development of Certified Biodiesel Standards
The Analysis of Biodiesel for Trace Metals and the Development of Certified Biodiesel Standards CRMMA Workshop Pittcon 2008 New Orleans, LA Author: Thomas Rettberg, Ph.D. VHG Labs, Inc. Manchester, NH
More informationAyhan Demirbas. Biodiesel. A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines
Biodiesel Ayhan Demirbas Biodiesel A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines 123 Ayhan Demirbas Professor of Energy Technology Sila Science and Energy Trabzon Turkey ISBN 978-1-84628-994-1 e-isbn
More informationExperimental Analysis of Cotton Seed oil Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine
Volume 6, Issue 3, March 217, ISSN: 2278-7798 Experimental Analysis of Cotton Seed oil Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine Allen Jeffrey.J 1,Kiran Kumar.S 2,Antonynishanthraj.R 3,Arivoli.N 4,Balakrishnan.P
More informationUse of Ultrasound for Monitoring Reaction Kinetics of Biodiesel Synthesis: Experimental and Theoretical Studies.
Use of Ultrasound for Monitoring Reaction Kinetics of Biodiesel Synthesis: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. G Ahmad and R Patel University of Bradford Bradford UK Water and Energy Workshop 15 17 February
More informationLife Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Microalgae Oil: Simulation Approach
9 Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Microalgae Oil: Simulation Approach Netipon Sakulcha 1 and Thongchai Srinophakun 2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart
More informationBiofuels. Lec 2: Biodiesel-Part 1
Biofuels Lec 2: Biodiesel-Part 1 Dr.-Eng. Zayed Al-Hamamre 1 Content Diesel Fuel Biodiesel SVO and Oilseed Processing Production Methods 2 Energy Use What do we use energy for? Heating & Cooling Lights,
More informationAspen HYSYS Simulation for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil using Membrane Reactor
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Aspen HYSYS Simulation for Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil using Membrane Reactor To cite this article: Y B Abdurakhman
More informationWASTE TO ENERGY. Commercial Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel
June 2018 Commercial Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel WASTE TO ENERGY UTILIZING TRANSBIODIESEL'S ENZYMATIC GAME-CHANGING TECHNOLOGY TO YOUR PROFIT OUR ENZYMATIC TECHNOLOGY IS SETTING THE BIODIESEL FUEL
More informationInternational Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development PRODUCTION OF AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM A LOW COST FEEDSTOCK- AN ECONOMICAL VIEW
Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 5.71 e-issn (O): 2348-4470 p-issn (P): 2348-6406 International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development International Conference on Momentous
More informationSIMULATION AND PROCESS DESIGN OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION
Proceedings of the International Conference on Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy 2015 (ICMERE2015) 26 29 November, 2015, Chittagong, Bangladesh ICMERE2015-PI-049 SIMULATION AND PROCESS DESIGN
More informationComparativeStudyonPropertiesofMethylEsterofCottonSeedOilandMethylEsterofMangoSeedOilwithDiesel
Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: Automotive Engineering Volume 14 Issue 2 Version 1.0 Year 2014 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc.
More informationGreen chemistry in the first year lab: Using biodiesel to teach general chemistry principles. Overview:
Green chemistry in the first year lab: Using biodiesel to teach general chemistry principles Richard artmann Nazareth ollege hemistry Department verview:! What is green chemistry?! What is Biodiesel?!
More informationOperational Characteristics of Diesel Engine Run by Ester of Sunflower Oil and Compare with Diesel Fuel Operation
Vol. 2, No. 2 Journal of Sustainable Development Operational Characteristics of Diesel Engine Run by Ester of Sunflower Oil and Compare with Diesel Fuel Operation Murugu Mohan Kumar Kandasamy & Mohanraj
More information