PNEUMATIC PLASTIC STRAPPING TOOL MODEL P

Transcription

1 SERVICE MANUAL PNEUMATIC PLASTIC STRAPPING TOOL MODEL P P se.en.fm/MAS/ Manual for autorized dealers and service points

2 INDEX PAGE 1.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS Air supply Pneumatic schematic Functional description Details of the pneumatic control system CONVERSION PARTS Conversion parts: strap width Conversion parts: strap thickness PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL Procedure Troubleshooting Checklist Glueing rules Lubrication rules Assembly information RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS ACCESSORY TOOLS Use of accessory tools ORDERING SPARE PARTS Ordering manuals Ordering address Finding out of the tool type (item number), the serial number and the version number: SERVICE ADDRESS

3 TECHNICAL DETAILS 1.1 TECHNICAL DETAILS Air supply app. 2% fall 1/2" 2" Shut off Valve Pressure adjustment valve with Manometer Shut off Valve Filter with water separator Drain of Main air line Lubricator (app. 1-2 drops/min.) max. length 5m (16 ft.) min. Ø-inside 9mm (3/8") coupling G1/4 Air pressure: The maximum air pressure allowed is 6.0 bars / 87 psi Air unit: min. G3/8 Air line in front of F.R.L.-unit min. 1/2" Main air line 2" Maintenance: Checking the air-pressure daily Checking oil-level daily The water separator must be drained depending on developed water amount (unless automatic) The filter has to be cleaned regularly following the instructions of the manufacturer of the air- unit Check the function and proper adjustment of the lubricator daily (approximately 1-2 drops/min.) Oil for the air-unit: Hl / CL ISO VG10 1-3

4 TECHNICAL DETAILS Pneumatic schematic P Pos. Description Pos. Description Pos. Description 1 Tensioner valve 6 Welding motor valve a Valve lever for tensioning 2 Tension force control valve 7 Welding time valve b Valve lever for welding 3 Tensioning motor 8 Welding motor 4 Exhaust silencer 9 Turn off valve 5 Welding valve Functional description A mechanical lock mechanism avoids simultaneous operation of tensioning and sealing lever. Pressing of the tensioning valve lever (a) - The tensioning valve (1) is flowed through. - The tension force control valve (2) is driven, the spring force is assisted and the valve is flown through. - The tensioning motor (3) starts. - When reaching the preselected tension force the tension force control valve (2) is shut by the back pressure of the tensioning motor. - The motor stops. - A return movement of the tension wheel is blocked by the needle free wheeling N The tensioning valve lever (a) can be released. Activating the sealing valve lever (b) - The welding valve (5) is flown through. - The welding motor valve (6) is driven and releases the air flow to the welding motor (8). - The welding motor (8) starts. - At the same time the air is present at the turn off valve (9) and the welding time valve (7) is flown through. - When the preselected welding time (pressure) is reached the turn off valve (9) is driven. - The turn off valve resets the welding motor valve (6) in combination with the spring pressure. - The welding motor stops. After the welding operation the welding lever (b) must be kept pressed in the welding position for 1-2 seconds in order to let the welding seam cool down. The outgoing air escapes in each case through the exhaust silencer (4). 1-4

5 TECHNICAL DETAILS Details of the pneumatic control system (Valve numbers correspond to the pneumatic schematic) a Valve lever for tensioning 1 Tensioner valve 3 Tensioning motor 1-5

6 TECHNICAL DETAILS 5 Welding valve b Valve lever for welding 4 Exhaust silencer 2 Tension force control valve 8 Welding motor 9 Turn off valve 6 Welding motor valve 7 Welding time valve 1-6

7 CONVERSION PARTS 1.2 CONVERSION PARTS When changing strap thickness or strap width following parts must be exchanged Conversion parts: strap width 10mm 11.1mm 12mm 12.7mm 13mm 15mm 15.5mm 16mm Guide pin P P P P P P P P Guide pin P P P P P P P P Guide case P P P P P P P P Strap stop P P P P P P P P Strap guide P P P P P P P P Conversion parts: strap thickness mm mm Steel insert P P Tensioning wheel P P Gripper P P Gripper P P Gripper P P Attention! When converting tools always change the item number on the type label Replace following parts: Type label N x hammer head bolts N Enclose the suitable operation manual with the tool after each conversion (see paragraph Ordering manuals) 1-7

8 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL 1.3 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL Carry out 12- months cycles doing one shift work. Doing multiple shift work respectively more often Procedure Before using check tool for following possible faults: Visual test of the tool for loose, lost or damaged parts Clean all dirty parts of the tool, especially strap abrasion in the tensioning or the welding unit by using compressed air. (Never use any hard tools like a wire brush or a screw driver for cleaning) Condition of the tensioning wheel, the welding grippers and the tensioning grippers Connect tool to the air supply and perform a test strapping. Check the following: Tightness of the pneumatic system Strap guidance Strap feed and strap tensioning Tensioning force adjustment (see operation manual P355) Cutting of the upper strap Welding time adjustment (see operation manual P355) Welding pressure adjustment (see operation manual P355) Seal quality (see operation manual P355) Proceed according to paragraph Troubleshooting after a fault appears. Attention! Before maintenance always remove the tool from the compressed air supply. For exchange of wearing parts see operation manual P355 Never use water or solvents for cleaning the tool s surface. 1-8

9 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL Troubleshooting A sufficient compressed air supply and the use of the tool s specific strap should be guaranteed before each tool repair. SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY Tool doesn t tension, Tensioning motor runs Tensioning motor doesn t run Tensioning wheel turns back immediately after the tensioning cycle Tool doesn t weld, welding motor runs The tensioning wheel is packed with strap residue or is worn and mills on the strap Wrong tensioning wheel or tensioning wheel is assembled reversed Grippers are dirty, worn or wrongly assembled Gearing parts from the tensioning gear are defective Loose pinion P on tensioning motor Tensioning motor defective Tensioning gear defective Pneumatic control system is defective Needle free wheeling assembled reversed Defective needle free wheeling N Welding gripper is dirty or worn Welding stop gripper is dirty or worn Pinion P lose at the motor or welding eccentric, resp. The journal at the welding eccentric is broken off. Clean tensioning wheel with compressed air or replace it Correct assembling or use the correct tensioning wheel. Replace grippers, clean them with compressed air or assemble correctly Check tensioning gear and replace defect parts Check component parts and replace damaged ones Check component parts and replace damaged ones Check component parts and replace damaged ones Assemble correctly Check and replace if necessary Clean and check welding gripper and replace damaged one Clean and check welding stop gripper and replace damaged one Check component parts and replace damaged ones Welding motor doesn t run Welding motor defective Check component parts and replace damaged ones Welding mechanism defective Pneumatic control system is defective Check component parts and replace damaged ones Check component parts and replace damaged ones Gear noise Tensioning or welding gear is worn Check component parts and replace damaged ones Welding motor does not stop Turn off valve or welding motor valve jam, resp. the welding time valve is blocked. Diameter of the air supply hose is too small. Check and clean parts, exchange damaged parts Install air supply hose with a minimum inner diameter of 9mm (3/8") 1-9

10 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY Tool badly cuts the strap or doesn t cut at all Welding time not adjustable Tensioning force not adjustable Cutter is worn or damaged Wrong adjustment of the coupler P Welding gripper is worn Welding time too short Defective pressure spring N Welding time valve dirty or damaged Tension force control valve dirty or damaged Replace cutter Check adjustment and readjust if necessary (see operation manual P355) Replace welding gripper Change adjustment (see operation manual P355) Replace pressure spring Clean and check component parts and replace damaged ones Clean and check component parts and replace damaged ones Checklist Carry out several test strappings and check the following items. Connect the tool to the compressed air supply and check if air escapes Insertion of the strap Strap guidance Strap feed and strap tension Tension force adjustment (see operation manual P355) Cutting of the upper strap Welding time adjustment (see operation manual P355) Seal quality (see operation manual P355) Type label 1-10

11 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL Glueing rules Following parts have to be glued with LOCTITE 603: N Planet shaft P with the parallel pins N P Tensioning body P with the parallel pins N Body P with swivel shaft P and parallel pins N P N Press in measure see Assembly information P N Additional the screws N have to be glued in the planetary gear stage P using LOCTITE 222. Don t clamp the planet shaft directly on the teeth when loosening or tightening the screws N Clamp here N Lubrication rules P All bearing parts of the welding unit have to be cleaned and lubricated with Klueber Isoflex Alltime SL2 grease during each maintenance. Lubrication interval: At each maintenance or after 12 months at the latest. Bearing welding unit P N (6X) P P

12 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL All movable gear parts have to be lubricated with MOLYKOTE BR 2 PLUS grease. Lubrication interval: At each maintenance or after 12 months at the latest. All other parts have to be greased according to the explosion drawing. Lubrication interval: At each maintenance or after 12 months at the latest Assembly information Air motors Installation: When installing the air motors pay attention to the correct position of the position screw. (see picture) Removing welding motor: - Remove positioning screw and screw in two screws M4 (e.g. N1.1936) in the two existing thread holes. - Pull out welding motor. Position screw Air motor Thread M4 Needle free wheeling: Pay attention to the assembling direction of the needle free wheeling N The sense of rotation is stamped in the front of the free wheeling. N Swivel shaft: When pressing in the swivel shaft P the dimension 39.2 mm must be observed (see drawing) 39.2 mm 1-12

13 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND CONTROL Grippers: When installing the grippers into the tensioning body P pay attention to the direction of the teeth.(see picture) P Grippers Cup springs: Assemble the cup springs N as shown in the picture. P N2.5621(14X) N P Motor cover: When assembling the motor cover P , pay attention to the assembling direction of the spring P and the thrust piece P (See drawing) Attach parts with grease (ESSO BEACON 2)! P P The same assembling position is valid for the welding motor too! P Vane: If the minimum diameters (see drawing) are not reached anymore, the vanes P must be exchanged. min. 8.2 mm P min mm 1-13

14 RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS Gear body: When assembling or disassembling the gear body (P ) the touch bolt (P ) and the guide (P ) of the welding valve must be pressed down. The spring N must be slightly lifted up. (see drawing) P P N P RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS Following spare parts are recommended for stock keeping: Item-No. Description Pieces per tool N Screw 2 N Screw 6 N Screw 1 N Screw 5 N Flat head screw 2 N Screw 2 N Screw 1 N Flat head screw 2 N Flat head screw 4 N Flat head screw 2 N Spring lock washer 2 N Safety washer 6 N Safety washer 9 N Safety washer 4 N Security ring 1 N Security ring 1 N Security ring 5 N Ball bearing 2 N Ball 6 N Ball 1 N Cover 2 P Lever 1 P End cover 1 Besides should be stocked the wearing parts of the different Types. Stock only parts from tools that are in sale. 1-14

15 ACCESSORY TOOLS 1.5 ACCESSORY TOOLS Item number Field Use N ** F10 Press in and press out pressure pad for N3.3173/P N * F5 Press in and press out arbor for N3.4509/P N * F3 Press in and press out arbor for N3.1159/P N * F3 Press in and press out pressure pad for N3.1159/P N * F7 Press in arbor for N3.2347/P N * F7 Press out arbor for N3.2347/P N * F7 Press in and press out pressure pad for N3.2347/P N * F8 Press in and press out arbor for N3.2346/P N * F6 Press in arbor for N3.1134, P /P N * F6, F9 Press out arbor for N3.1134, P /P ; P /P ; P /P N * F6, F8 Pressure pad for N3.1134, P /P ; N3.2346/P N * F1 Press in and press out arbor for N3.1157/P N * F1 Press in and press out pressure pad for N3.1157/P N * F4 Press in arbor for N3.3172/P N * F4 Press out pressure pad for N3.3172/P N * F2, F4 Press in and press out arbor for N3.3172/P ; N3.3172/P N * F10 Press in and press out arbor for N3.3173/P N * F10, F9 Press out arbor for N3.3173/P ; Press on arbor for P / P and P /P N F5 Press in and press out pressure pad for N3.4509/P N F12 Hook for exhaust ring P /P N F9 Press on pressure pad for P /P , P /P N F11 Pressure pad for P /P , N N F11 Thrust piece for P /P , N N F9 Press out pressure pad for P /P , P /P *These tools are also included in the P320 tool set. **These tools are also included in the P300 tool set. 1-15

16 ACCESSORY TOOLS Use of accessory tools Accessory tools should only be used with the suitable arbor press N in order to avoid a tilt of the pressed in parts. Additional a retainer (N7.3215) is necessary. N N Part Disassembly Assembly N3.1157/ P F1 N N P N N3.3172/ P N F2 N P

17 ACCESSORY TOOLS Part Disassembly Assembly N3.1159/ P F3 N N P N N3.3172/ P N N F4 N N P N3.4509/ P N F5 N3.4509* A P N A *Assembling position see Assembly information 1-17

18 ACCESSORY TOOLS Part Disassembly Assembly P / N3.1134/ P N N F6 P N N P N3.2347/ P N N F7 N P N The seal of the needle bushing (N3.2347) has to face to the outside N3.2346/ P N F8 N N P

19 ACCESSORY TOOLS Part Disassembly Assembly P / P and P / P Picture 1 N F9 N N P /1123 P /0124 N Picture 2 N

20 ACCESSORY TOOLS Part Disassembly Assembly N3.3173/ P N N F10 N P N N Part Disassembly Assembly P / N3.1174/ P Commercially available Puller. F11 N The distance between rotor (P ) and end plate (P ) should be 0,03 mm P ,03 mm P N N

21 ACCESSORY TOOLS Part Disassembly P / P Picture 1 Coupler Picture 2 F12 N Clip P P Ball seat Procedure: Attention! When disassembling the valves do not damage the ball seat of the exhaust ring P Press clip together and insert it into the hole, until it engages in the exhaust ring (P ) Insert coupler Pull out exhaust ring 1-21

22 ORDERING SPARE PARTS 1.6 ORDERING SPARE PARTS On principle spare part numbers should be taken from the drawings or spare parts lists. Check if the version number of the tool and the spare parts list are the same. Type dependent spare parts should be ordered as follows: Ordering example Ordering a tensioning wheel: Take item numbers of the tensioning wheel from drawing (P /20) Find out the tool type in which the tensioning wheel should be assembled (e.g ) Find out the item number of the needed tensioning wheel by using the type dependent spare parts lists (for type it is tensioning wheel P ). Order as follows if 10 tensioning wheels are needed: P Tensioning wheel 10 pcs Ordering manuals When converting tools make sure that the used manual has still validity. If tools change their item number because of the conversion (see chart of types) the adequate manual must be ordered as follows. Ordering example: Tool item number: Version number: 01 Language of the manual: de The manual order for this tool must look as follows: de If the manual is needed in another language replace the shorthand expression "de" (see table) Ordering address Spare parts and manuals can be ordered at: de en fr it nl po se fin sp German English French Italian Dutch Portuguese Swedish Finnish Spanish Fromm Holding AG Tel.: +41(0) Hinterbergstrasse 26 Fax: +41(0) CH-6330 Cham orders@fromm-pack.com Switzerland 1-22

23 SERVICE ADDRESS Finding out of the tool type (item number), the serial number and the version number: Type label P355 Item number Serial number Version number { U.S.PATENT No U.S.PATENT No SERVICE ADDRESS You will get further assistance and information at: Post address Physical address: Fromm System GmbH Fromm System GmbH Technical customer support Technical customer support Postfach Neulandstr. 10 D Achern D Achern Germany Germany Phone: +49(0)7841 / Fax: +49(0)7841 / de@fromm-pack.com 1-23

24 1-24 SERVICE ADDRESS

25 2 DRAWINGS P A 1 P B C ➅ P N P ➁ D N P ➁ P P P N ➅ N P N P ➅ N N N P ➂ P P N N N P P (5X) ➀ P (5X) ➀ ➀ P (5X) P P ➂ N N ➂ P ➂ P /20* ➂ N P N ➁ P P P N N ➁ P P N N N P /40/41/42/43/44/45/46* P /27* P /26* P /25* P N N P /31/32/33/34/35/36/37* N N N N ➀ ESSO Spinesso 10C ➁ ESSO BEACON 2 ➂ Molycote BR2 plus ➃ Klüber Isoflex Alltime SL2 ➄ Klüber Isoflex NBU 15 ➅ Loctite 603 ➆ Loctite 222 * see ordering spare parts P z1.en.fm 2-1

26 A 7 P N P ➂ P ➂ N P N ➁ P ➁ N N P ➁ P N ➁ P ➁ N ➁ N N P ➄ P N N B ➆ N P N ➁ N ➅ P ➂ ➂ P N N P ➂ N N N P P C N ➁ P P ➁ N ➁ N N N N N N N ➁ ➁ N P ➄ N P N ➂ N ➁ D P P (N3.3174) P ➂ P ➇ N ➂ N P P ➀ ESSO Spinesso 10C ➁ ESSO BEACON 2 ➂ Molycote BR2 plus ➃ Klüber Isoflex Alltime SL2 ➄ Klüber Isoflex NBU 15 ➅ Loctite 603 ➆ Loctite 222 ➇ Orientation 2-2 P z

27 A 13 N P ➁ N N ➁ N ➁ P B P ➁ N ➁ P ➁ N ➁ N ➁ N ➁ P N C ➁ N N P P D P P /02* N N N N ➄ N P ➄ N N P N P P ➁ P N ➁ N ➁ P ➁ ➄ P ➁ P N (14X) ➁ N N N ➂ P ➂ N ➅ N ➂ N ➂ N ➅ P ➂ N ➁ P ➁ N ➁ N ➁ P N ➁ P P N P P P /06* N N P N P P P P ➁ N N N N P P ➄ P P ➂ ➁ P N ➁ P N P N P P P /63/64/65/66/67* P /57/58/59/60/61* N N N N N ➃ P N ➃ N (6X) N ➆ N N P ➃ P P ➁ P ➄ P ➃ N P ➁ N ➁ N N N ➀ ESSO Spinesso 10C ➁ ESSO BEACON 2 ➂ Molycote BR2 plus ➃ Klüber Isoflex Alltime SL2 ➄ Klüber Isoflex NBU 15 ➅ Loctite 603 ➆ Loctite 222 P ➁ * see ordering spare parts P z3.en.fm 2-3

28 A P P N N P ➁ P P P N N ➁ N ➁ P B ➀ P (5x) P N ➂ P P N N ➀ P (5x) P P P (5x) ➀ N ➁ P P ➁ N N ➁ P ➁ N ➁ ➁ P N ➁ ➁ N N ➁ P ➁ N N ➁ C D P P ➁ P ➁ P N N ➁ P N ➁ ➁ P ➁ N N ➁ P N ➁ ➁ N N N ➁ N ➁ P N P P ➁ ➁ N N ➁ P ➁ N ➀ P ➀ N N ➁ P ➁ N P P N ➁ N ➁ N P P ➁ N N ➁ P (N6.6501) N P N N ➀ ESSO Spinesso 10C ➁ ESSO BEACON 2 ➂ Molycote BR2 plus ➃ Klüber Isoflex Alltime SL2 ➄ Klüber Isoflex NBU 15 ➅ Loctite 603 ➆ Loctite P z

29 3 SPARE PARTS LIST P Type independent spare parts P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field N P SCREW M6 X 20 C24 N P SCREW M6 X 80 B24 N SCREW M4 X 7.8 D14 N P HEXAGON SCREW M4 X 8 B17 N P SCREW M5 X 16 A23 N P SCREW M5 X 20 C6 N P SCREW M4 X 25 A16 N SCREW M5 X 20 D5+ N FLAT HEAD SCREW M3 X 5 D2 N P SCREW M4 X 8 D17 N SCREW M5 X 50 C18 N P FLAT HEAD SCREW M3 X 8 A14 N P FLAT HEAD SCREW M4 X 35 B7 N P FLAT HEAD SCREW M4 X 45 C7 N P COUNTERSUNK SCREW M5 X N P COUNTERSUNK SCREW M4 X 10 B9 N COUNTERSUNK SCREW M3 X 8 D3 N COUNTERSUNK SCREW M3 X 6 C4 N P SOCKET SET SCREW M4 X 8 B8 N P SOCKET SET SCREW M4 X 8 A3 N P SOCKET SET SCREW M4 X 8 B19 N P HEXAGON NUT M8 -- N P WASHER 5.3 X 9 X 1 A11 N P SPRING LOCK WASHER M4 D17 N P SUPPORTING DISK 8 X 14 X 1.2 A12 N P SPACER WASHER 6 X 12 X 0.5 D9+ N P SPACER PIECE 6.3 X 15 X 5 C11 N SAFETY WASHER M5 D4+ N SAFETY WASHER M4 D14 N P SAFETY WASHER M4 B17 N P SAFETY WASHER M4 C7 N SAFETY WASHER M3 D2+ N P SAFETY WASHER M3 A14 N P SAFETY WASHER M6 C24 N P SAFETY WASHER M6 C24 N P PARALLEL PIN 6 m6 X 40 B11 N P SECURITY RING E8 A12 N SECURITY RING E6 A21+ N SECURITY RING E5 B17 N P SECURITY RING E5 D14+ N P CIRCLIP 6 C23 N SPRING RING SW6 A21 N P SPRING RING 44 A9 N P SPRING RING D19+ N P TENSIONING RING 6 C10 N P PARALLEL PIN 5 m6 X 12 C20 N P PARALLEL PIN 5 m6 X 20 C21 N P PARALLEL PIN 4 m6 X 10 D14 N P PARALLEL PIN 4 m6 X 20 A15 N P PARALLEL PIN 4 h6 X 18 B10 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P ee 3-1

30 Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field N P PARALLEL PIN 3 m6 X 6 C4 N P PARALLEL PIN 3 m6 X 6 D14 N P PARALLEL PIN 5 h6 X 34 B2 N P PARALLEL PIN 3 m6 X 5 D2 N P PARALLEL PIN 6 h6 X 18 B14 N PARALLEL PIN 3 m6 X 32 B16 N P DOWEL PIN 3 X 8 A4 N P DOWEL PIN 3 X 8 B20+ N P DOWEL PIN 4 X 15 A14 N P DOWEL PIN 5 X 8 B14 N P FEATHER KEY 2 X 2 X 10 D1 N HAMMER HEAD BOLT 1.85 X 4.76 C4+ N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.5 X 4 X 16/9.5 D16 N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.5 X 4.9 X 15/9.5 A13+ N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.6 X 4.8 X 20/15.5 C14 N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.6 X 5.5 X 31/17.5 C21 N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.6 X 5.5 X 31/17.5 B24 N PRESSURE SPRING 0.32 X 2.82 X 20.5/ C N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.7 X 8 X 28/8.5 A11 N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.7 X 5.7 X 12/6 B13+ N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.5 X 9 X 17/6.5 C22 N PRESSURE SPRING 0.8 X 4.8 X 25/18.5 C16 N P PRESSURE SPRING 0.9 X 5.9 X 36.5/21.5 C9 N P CUP SPRING 15 X 8.2 X 0.7 B14 N P CUP SPRING 20 X 8.2 X 1/ N P TORSION SPRING 1.25 X 11/3.75 C10 N TORSION SPRING 2.8 X 17/4 D3 N P BALL BEARING 7 X 22 X 7 C15 N P BALL BEARING 7 X 22 X 7 C14 N P BALL BEARING 30 X 42 X 7 B10 N P BALL BEARING 6 X 19 X 6 B15 N P BALL BEARING 40 X 52 X 7 A8 N BALL BEARING 30 X 42 X 7 B2+ N P BALL BEARING 7 X 19 X 6 A3+ N P BALL BEARING 7 X 19 X 6 B20+ N P BALL BEARING 35 X 44 X 5 A9 N P BALL 4 MM C8+ N P BALL 4 MM C23 N P BALL 5 MM D16 N P BALL 8 MM B13+ N P NEEDLE CAGE K 4 X 7 X 7 TN B9 N NEEDLE CAGE K 5 X 8 X 10 TN B3 N P NEEDLE CASE 8 X 12 X 8 C3 N P NEEDLE BUSH 10 X 14 X 12 C15 N P SLIDE-BEARING 8 X 10 X 10 C2 N P SLIDE-BEARING 8 X 10 X 10 C1 N P SLIDE-BEARING 17 X 19 X 12 C16 N P SLIDE-BEARING 4 X 5.5 X 6 D9 N P NEEDLE FREE WHEELING 6 X 10 X 15 D9 N ADHESIVE LABEL 20 X 10 X 0.1 C18 N ADHESIVE LABEL p max. 6 bar/87 psi C13 N TYPE PLATE >>P355<< A14 N ADHESIVE LABEL 54 X 12 X 0.1 C10 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-2 P ee

31 Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field N LABEL <<CE>> C4 N P COVER A10+ [N6.5137] P SEALING SCREW C23 N P PACKING RING B14 N P SEAL 6 X 13 X 2.3 B13+ N P SEAL 6 X 13 X 2.3 B22+ N P SEAL 8 X 15 X 2.3 D20+ N P SEAL 10 X 17 X 2.3 B23+ N P PACKING RING 4 MM C22 N P SEAL 10 X 13.6 X 2.3 A11 N P O-RING 14 X 2 D22 N P O-RING 16 X 2 C20+ N P O-RING 16 X 2 B22+ N P O-RING 8 X 1 -- N P O-RING 23 X 2 C10 N P O-RING 12 X 2 A10+ N P O-RING 33 X 1.5 B6 N P O-RING 6 X 2.5 B11 N P O-RING 8.5 X 2.0 D22+ N P O-RING 11 X 2 A13+ N P O-RING 54 X 2 D22 N P O-RING 14 X 1.5 C11 N P O-RING 4 X 1 C23 N N FLAT SEAL 18 X 13 X 2 C23 [P ] 1 END COVER B4 [P ] P SPRING PACKAGE A15 [P ] P IDLER STEP B8 [P ] P SPUR WHEEL A7 [P ] P WHEEL A9 [P ] 1 TENSIONING BODY D1 P P FELT D10+ P P COUPLER A17 [P ] P WELDING EXCENTRIC C15 P P WELDING EXCENTRIC C15 P P PINION C16 P P PINION B19 P P ROCKER C15 P P BALL CAGE D15 P P BOLT D15 P P THRUST PIECE D15 P P SPRING BOLT C14 P P SPRING SLIDE A14 P P DRIVING PIN D15 P P LEVER C17 P P DRIVER D15+ P P SPUR WHEEL B15 P P PLANET SHAFT B10 P P IDLER GEAR B9 P P COVER B9 P P WHEEL A9 P P SPUR WHEEL A8 P P FRONT TOGGLE LINK C1 P P LEVER C11 P * P WELDING GRIPPER D15 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P ee 3-3

32 Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P P PINION A3 P * 1 WELDING STOP GRIPPER D13 P * 1 CUTTER C16 P CENTERING SLEEVE B17 P CENTERING SLEEVE B17+ P COVER C17 [P ] 1 HANDLE LEVER B22 P PRESSURE ROLLER D1 P IDLER GEAR B3 P DOWEL B3 P HOLDER C3 P HOLDER C2 P P END COVER C3 P SEESAW LEVER B17 P SEESAW LEVER B16 [P ] 1 COUPLER B18 P P COUPLER B17 P P THRUST PIECE B17 P P TENSIONING BODY D2 [P ] 1 BASE MODEL D19 [P ] P HANDLE HOUSING D19 [P ] P MOTOR CELL A5 [P ] P MOTOR CELL A20 [P ] 1 SUSPENSION -- [P ] P VALVE D20 [P ] P VALVE HEAD D23 P P SLIDE GATE C9 [P ] P BODY A1 [P ] P BODY A2 P P SWIVEL SHAFT C1 P P EXHAUST RING B13+ P P GUIDE B13 P P TOUCH BOLT A13 P P BEARING SUPPORT B16 P P TORSIONAL STOP B16 P P INNER RACEWAY C16 P P ECCENTRIC SHAFT D16 [P ] P RATCHET WHEEL A12 P P CAM A11 P P COLLAR SCREW A11 P P GUIDE A16 P P TOUCH BOLT A15 P P LEVER BODY A15 P P TENSIONER VALVE LEVER A16 P P COVER A14 P P JACKET A3 P P JACKET B21 P P ROTOR B4 P P ROTOR B21 P P FELT B4+ P P FELT B20 P P END PLATE B5 P P END PLATE A21 P * P VANE A5 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-4 P ee

33 Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P * P VANE B20 P P END PLATE A4 P P END PLATE B20 P P SPRING C5 P P SPRING A21 P P THRUST PIECE B5 P P THRUST PIECE A21 P P MOTOR COVER B6 [P ] P CONTROL ROD A10 P P END RING A10 P P VALVE SHELL A11 P P SHAFT B11 P P GEAR BODY D10 [P ] P RATCHET WHEEL D9 P P SPUR WHEEL D9 P P EXHAUST SILENCER C10 P P CONTROL HEAD C9 [P ] P GEARING COVER D8 [P ] P HANDLE HOUSING A22 P P COUPLER D19 P P SUSTAINING RING C21 P P SUSTAINING RING C20+ P P END RING D19 P P SEAL PLATE B14 P P SEAL PLATE C22 [P ] P ADAPTOR D21 P P COUPLER B24 P P END RING A24 P P INTERMEDIATE RING B23 P P SUSTAINING RING B23 P P SUSTAINING RING B22 P P END RING C22 P P THROTTLE SEAT D22 P P THROTTLE BODY C22 P P GUIDE C22 P P THROTTLE SCREW C23 P P THROTTLE HOLDER C23 P P DISK D22 P P HANDLE SHAFT A21 P P AIR CONNECTION B14 [P ] P COVER C24 P P BOLT -- P P FLANGE -- P P RATCHET DISK -- [P ] P SUSPENSION BRACKET -- P P DISK -- [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P ee 3-5

34 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-6 P ee

35 3.2 Type dependent spare parts P Type P355/10/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/10/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/11.1/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P en.etl_typ.fm 3-7

36 Type P355/11.1/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/12/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/12/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-8 P en.etl_typ.fm

37 Type P355/12.7/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/12.7/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/13/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P en.etl_typ.fm 3-9

38 Type P355/13/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/15/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/15/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-10 P en.etl_typ.fm

39 Type P355/15.5/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/15.5/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 Type P355/16/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts P en.etl_typ.fm 3-11

40 Type P355/16/ P Item-No. in group Pcs. Description Dimension Field P GUIDE PIN C17 P GUIDE PIN C17 P STEEL INSERT D13 P GUIDE CASE B17 P * 1 TENSIONING WHEEL B3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P * 1 GRIPPER C3 P STRAP STOP D3 P STRAP GUIDE C3 [ ] = Group * = Wearing parts 3-12 P en.etl_typ.fm

41 OPERATION MANUAL PNEUMATIC PLASTIC STRAPPING TOOL MODEL P355 CE Declaration of conformity P en.fm/MAS/ We declare that the machine P355 is in conformity with the following standard or standardised documents: 98/37/EEC FROMM Holding AG Hinterbergstrasse 26 CH Cham R.Fromm Director

42 INDEX PAGE 4.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS TECHNICAL DATA CHART OF TYPES WARRANTY CONDITIONS AND LIABILITY APPROPRIATE USE INSTALLATION Compressed air connection Accessories Adjustments OPERATING ELEMENTS OPERATION Feeding the strap around the package Inserting the strap Tensioning the strap Sealing the straps Removing the tool Seal - Control EXCHANGE OF WEARING PARTS Exchange of tensioning wheel and grippers Exchange of cutter, welding stop gripper and welding gripper Adjustment of the coupler P SERVICE CLEANING

43 4.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Read these instructions carefully. Failure to follow these instructions can result in severe personal injury. Eye injury hazard Failure to wear safety glasses with side shields can result in severe eye injury or blindness. Always wear safety glasses with side shields which conform to ANSI Standard Z87.1. Strap breakage hazard Improper operation of the tool, excessive tensioning, using strap not recommended for this tool or sharp corners on the load can result in a sudden loss of strap tension or in strap breakage during tensioning, which could result in the following: A sudden loss of balance causing you to fall. Both tool and strap flying violently towards your face. Note as follows: Operation Tool must not be used by persons not properly trained in their use. Before tensioning strap, read and understand the tool operating instructions. Failure to follow the operating instructions or improper load positioning could result in strap breakage. Become familiar with your tool and keep fingers away from areas that can pinch or cut. Tool hazards A well maintained tool is a safe tool! Check tool regularly for broken or worn parts. Do not operate a tool with broken or worn parts. Never modify any tool. Modification can result in severe bodily injury. Joints You are fully responsible to review the joints made by your tool. Become familiar with the seal control and seal adjustment described in this operation manual. Misformed joints may not secure the load and could cause serious injury. Never handle or ship any load with improperly formed joints. Dispensing strap Only dispense strap from a dispenser specifically designed for strap. Tuck strap end back into dispenser when not in use. If the load corners are sharp, use edge protectors. Place the strap correctly around a properly positioned load. Positioning yourself in-line with the strap, during tensioning and sealing, can result in severe personal injury from flying strap or tool. When tensioning or sealing, position yourself to one side of the strap and keep all bystanders away. Use the correct strap quality, strap width, strap gauge and strap tensile strength recommended in this manual for your tool. Using strap not recommended for this tool can result in strap breakage during tensioning. Cutting tensioned strap When cutting strapping, use the proper strapping cutter and keep other personnel and yourself at a safe distance from the strap. Always stand to side of the strap, away from the direction the loosened strap end will fly. Use only cutters designed for strap and never hammers, pliers, hacksaws, axes, etc. Fall hazard Keep your working area tidy. Untidiness of your working area may cause a risk of injury. Maintaining improper footing and/or balance when operating the tool can cause you to fall. Before tensioning and especially in elevated areas, always establish good balance. Both feet should be securely placed on a flat, solid surface, especially when working in elevated areas. Do not use the tool when you are in an awkward position. Pay attention to the rules and regulations for preventions of accident which are valid for the work place. Strap warnings Never use strap as a means of pulling or lifting loads. Failure to follow these warnings can result in severe personal injury. P en.man 4-3

44 4.2 TECHNICAL DATA Description of the tool The tool model P355 has been designed to strap packages with plastic strapping. The plastic strapping is fed around the package manually or in combination with a strap feeder. The straps are inserted in the tool, automatically tensioned, sealed by friction welding and separated. Tool size without suspension bracket with suspension bracket Length: 305 mm / 12" 356 mm / 14" Width: 104 mm / 4.1" 104 mm / 4.1" Height: 151 mm / 6" 252 mm / 9.9" Weight: 4.75 kg / 10.5 lbs 5.0 kg / 11 lbs Sound information The A-weighted equivalent continuous sound level at the work place of the machine operator is typical 79 db (A). This value was determined according to DIN T3 (11.85). Vibration information The weighted effective value of the acceleration typically amounts to less than 2,5m/s 2. This value was determined according to DIN EN T1 (01.93). Strap material Strap qualities: Strap dimensions: PET (Polyester) and PP (Polypropylen) plain or embossed. Use only plastic straps recommended by your sales shop (name and address on the rear of the operation manual) mm / 3/8-5/8 x mm / (see chart of types). Use only plastic straps with the correct strap dimensions for your tool. Strap tension with steady air pressure of 5.5bar/80 psi. Tensioning force*: Adjustable from max N / 90 - max. 470 lbs. Thirteen different steps can be preselected. Tensioning speed*: approx mm/s / "/sec. Joint strength*: approx. 75% of the tensile strength of the plastic strap. * The value depends on the strap quality. Air pressure Joining thread / Air tube: G 1/4 / Min. inside diameter = 9 mm Air pressure: The maximum air pressure allowed is 6.0 bars / 87 psi. The standard working air pressure is 5.5 bar / 80 psi. Air unit: min. G 3/8 Air line in front of air unit : min. 1/2" Air flow of air unit: min. 480Nl/min / 18 cu.ft/min with a maxim pressure drop of 0.5 bar / 7.25 psi. Air consumption Tensioning: approx. 8 Nl / 0.30 cu.ft uncompressed air per second with the air motor running. Sealing: approx Nl / cu.ft uncompressed air per cycle approx. 8 Nl / 0.30 cu.ft uncompressed air per second. Oil for air unit: HL / CL ISO VG P en.man

45 4.3 CHART OF TYPES Item No. Model Strap width Strap thickness P355/10/ mm / 3/8" mm / " P355/10/ mm / 3/8" mm / " P355/11.1/ mm / 7/16" mm / " P355/11.1/ mm / 7/16" mm / " P355/12/ mm mm / " P355/12/ mm mm / " P355/12.7/ mm / 1/2" mm / " P355/12.7/ mm / 1/2" mm / " P355/13/ mm mm / " P355/13/ mm mm / " P355/15/ mm mm / " P355/15/ mm mm / " P355/15.5/ mm mm / " P355/15.5/ mm mm / " P355/16/ mm / 5/8" mm / " P355/16/ mm / 5/8" mm / " 4.4 WARRANTY CONDITIONS AND LIABILITY FROMM Holding AG warrants all its strapping tools and machine heads during a period of 24 months from the date of installation at the end-user's sight by the distributor, however, not later than 30 months from the date of shipment to the distributor of FROMM Holding AG. The warranty includes all deficiencies clearly resulting from poor manufacturing or faulty materials. Damage claims as a result of production shutdowns and claims for damage to persons and to property resulting from warranty deficiencies cannot be asserted by the customer. The warranty excludes: wearing parts, deficiencies resulting from improper installing, incorrect handling and maintaining the tool, deficiencies resulting from using the tool without or with defective security- and safety devices, disregard of directions in the operation manual, arbitrary modifications of the tool, deficient control of wearing parts, deficient repair works of the tool. Use of consumable products not recommended by FROMM Holding AG We reserve the right to modify the product at any time in order to improve its quality. 4.5 APPROPRIATE USE The tool model P355 has been designed to strap packages with plastic strapping exclusively. The warranty / liability excludes: non appropriate use of the tool, disregard of directions in the operation manual, disregard of control- and maintenance instructions. P en.man 4-5

46 4.6 INSTALLATION Compressed air connection The compressed air is to be connected to the tool preferably by a quick disconnector (G1/4). An air-unit consisting of a separator for water and dirt, a pressure regulator with a manometer and a lubricator must be installed within a range of 15 ft / 5 meters. The compressed air must be free from dirt, rust and moisture. Possible connections at the tool Factory produced the connection for the air supply is prepared from the top. According to requirement the connection can also be assembled to the rear end of the tool Accessories Use only parts and accessories mentioned in the operating instruction. Using other parts or accessories can cause injuries to you and other persons. Wearing plate As an option, tool can be equipped with a wearing plate to protect base from excessive wear on abrasive package surfaces (like bricks, concrete blocks etc.). The complete wearing plate can be ordered together with the fastening screws under item number P P P N P en.man

47 Suspension of tool It is possible to suspend the tool on a spring loaded balancer using the suspension bracket P which is supplied with the tool. The suspension bracket has been designed in such a way, that the tool can be used for all three working positions. P P P ➁ N ➁ P ➁ P N ➁ N P ➁ N ➁ ESSO Beacon 2 P en.man 4-7

48 4.6.3 Adjustments Preselecting of strap tension and tensioning speed Do not adjust the tensioning force too high. If the tensioning force is higher than the tensioning strength of the strap, the strap will tear while the tensioning. Tensioning force and tensioning speed can be preselected at the control head. Loose lock screw; press the control head against the tool and turn it. Turning clockwise increases; turning counterclockwise decreases the tensioning force and the tensioning speed resp.. Tight lock screw. Cam Lock screw Control head Adjusting the welding time Depending on the size and quality of the strap, different welding times are required. The welding time can be adjusted at the adjusting crew. Turning clockwise increases, turning counterclockwise decreases the welding time. Adjusting screw welding time Adjusting the welding pressure In order to assure optimal welding, the pressure of the welding gripper to the straps to be welded must be within a certain range. Depending on the thickness of the strap, this pressure is adjusted by means of the cam. When adjusting the welding pressure, the lever must be latched into its start position. The range of thickness of the strap must be adjusted according to the strap thickness admitted for the tool (see chart of types) and the thickness of the strap to be processed. Model Strap thickness mm ( ") Welding pressure, Possible adjustments mm ( ") mm ( ") Strap thickness mm ( ") mm ( ") mm ( ") mm ( ") Adjustment: The lever is latched and in start position! Pull out the cam of the tool, turn it into the desired position (observe the marking on the housing), release the cam (the cam must latch without assistance). 4-8 P en.man

49 4.7 OPERATING ELEMENTS Tensioner valve lever Lever Handle lever 4.8 OPERATION Feeding the strap around the package The strapping is fed around the package as illustrated. Warning! The plastic strap which will be welded must be free from oil, grease and other dirt. Dirty plastic straps can't be welded correct! P en.man 4-9

50 4.8.2 Inserting the strap Pull up the handle lever firmly with your right hand. Insert the two straps well aligned on each other into the strap guide using your left hand. Release the handle lever Tensioning the strap Press down the tensioner valve lever and then release it again after the desired strap tension has been reached. The tensioning operation can be interrupted and restarted at any time. The tool must carry out a balance movement while tensioning. Therefore: - Don t hinder the tools movement in the signed direction. Disregard: The feed wheel slips on the strap without tensioning it P en.man

51 4.8.4 Sealing the straps While welding the plastic strap the lever must be pressed forward against the front stop After the welding operation the lever must be pressed against the front stop for another 1-2 seconds until the seal is cooled down. Disregarding of this regulation will cause insufficient seal efficiency, what can cause severest injuries. Press the lever with the left hand forward against the stop and keep it pressed. The plastic strap is welded and cut off from the strap coil at the same time. After the preselected welding time is elapsed, the lever must be kept pressed for 1-2 seconds in the welding position until the seal is cooled down. Turn back the lever until it latches in start position Removing the tool Pull up the handle lever, pull the tool right / backwards and off the strapping Seal - Control A regular control of the seal is necessary. The seal can be examined visually. Make a seal, peel it apart and examine it as follows: Correct seal The seal must be completely welded over the whole width of the strap on a length of ca. 19 mm. Minor quantities of fused plastic may overflow on sides. Welding time too short The plastic strap is not welded over the whole width of the strap. The seal efficiency is insufficient. Warning! Straps with insufficient seal strength must be removed from the package! Adjust the welding time (see 6.3.2). Welding time too long If the welding time is too long the straps are overheated. The fused plastic overflows on both sides of the straps. The seal efficiency is affected. Warning! Straps with insufficient seal strength must be removed from the package! Adjust the welding time (see 6.3.2). P en.man 4-11