CLEAN RIVERS OPPORTUNITIES WITH CLEAN FUELS: HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PRCC NATURAL GAS MARAD TOWBOAT PROJECT for PIOGA 2016 Summer Technical Conference Dr. Lutitia A. Clipper Thomas Risley, PE August 23, 2016
Why Natural Gas for Transportation
CNG is Clean Vehicular Emissions Reductions Help Keep the Environment Clean CO2 CO NOx PM VOCs GHGs 0 50 100 % Reduction
Natural Gas is Safe Lighter than air No spill hazard; doesn t leak into water supply Dissipates harmlessly into atmosphere Safe to handle Highly engineered tanks and components Colorless, odorless, and non-toxic
CNG is Quiet but Powerful NGV s have 80-90% lower db level than comparable diesel vehicles CNG has an octane rating of ~130 NGV s have equivalent torque & horsepower to diesel counterparts
The Rest of the World Uses CNG Today Why don t we?
Natural Gas - Road, Rail, River School Buses Transit Buses Shuttle Vehicles Utility Vehicles Refuse Vehicles Marine Locomotive
Abundant Natural Gas Supply From Upstream to Distribution Get Familiar Natural Gas Advancing & Supporting Business & Technology Natural Gas Technology >> Environmental and Economic Benefits
Why Natural Gas for Marine Vessels - Comply with Emissions Requirements
Clean Fuels/Clean Rivers Vision of cleaner fuels and cleaner rivers Natural gas inventory explosion Marcellus Shale EPA Low sulfur fuel, Tier 3 and 4 Requirements, and Environmental Compliance Areas (ECA) Fuel costs increasing for Towboat Operators Natural Gas Industry + Towing Operators = Opportunity? 14
Clean Fuel Opportunities for For the OPERATOR Fuel security domestic source Planned fuel savings natural gas providers willing to sign long term fuel delivery contracts Cleaner operation and reduced operational risk Lower maintenance Meet future regulations and carbon credit potential For the GAS PROVIDERS Potential High Horse Power User Year round use Add to volume of use to support justification of liquefaction plant sizing Conversion viable option for Operators with vintage vessels Clean Rivers Photo credit: www.towboatjoe.com
1 2 3 Natural Gas for Marine Vessels Barriers to Bridges Inadequate Refueling Infrastructure On Board Fuel Storage New/Repower Engine Challenges (Dual/Single) 1 2 3 Improved LNG Refueling Options Vessel Configuration Challenges Best Fit & Practices Emerging
Inland Waterways Perspective Rivers are important aspect to commerce in Pittsburgh U.S. Maritime Administration has designated rivers as Federal Marine Highways Pittsburgh Headwaters to M-70 Study area to Robert C Byrd Lock and Dam 17
Pittsburgh Region Statistics American Waterway Operators estimate: Over 3900 towboats and tugboats in active service Estimated 112 Fleets in operation in Mississippi River System, Gulf Intercoastal Waterways and tributaries Vessel Operating in Region Vessel Class Non- Regional Regionial Total Harbor (< 1200HP) 169 35 204 Mid-Range Line Haul (1200 HP to 2500 HP) 69 66 135 Long Range Line Haul (> 2500 HP) 21 179 200 Not in Use/ No Information 2 27 29 Total: 261 307 568 Pittsburgh Study Diesel Usage Results: 74 Regional Fleet Operators 261 vessels 11 Survey Respondents 70 vessels 2012 Fuel Usage by respondents over 14.5 Million Gallons of Diesel Fleet annual usage largest over 7 Million gallons; smallest 4,200 gallons Vessels annual usage largest vessel 626,084 gallons; smallest vessel 1,709 gallon 18
Vessel Inventory Pittsburgh Study Diesel Usage Results: 74 Regional Fleet Operators 262 vessels 11 Survey Respondents 70 vessels 2012 Fuel Usage by respondents over 14.5 Million Gallons of Diesel Fleet annual usage largest over 7 Million gallons; smallest 4,200 gallons Vessels annual usage largest vessel 626,084 gallons; smallest vessel 1,709 gallon Categorized Vessels Harbor Boat (<1,200 HP) Mid-range Line Haul Boat (= 1,200 HP - = 2,500 HP Long Range Line Haul Boat (> 2,500 HP) 19
First Inland Waterways Project Funded by US DOT Maritime Administration PRCC Cooperative Agreement with MARAD - $731K Matching Funding Two year project Retrofit and Demonstration on M/V O. B. DeMent LNG fueled Insert Natural Gas Conversion Technology to evaluate emission reduction performance Collection of Performance and Exhaust Emissions Information Project Value Proposition technology insertion choices based on current active inland fleet and affordability for a demonstration. 20
Project Status Current Preliminary Design Phase Two Major Documents Basis for Design Document Risk Analysis Document Submittal to USCG for Review and Comment RFP released for fumigation conversion systems Test plan development underway Upcoming Program Review with MARAD Complete Detail Design with USCG Approval Begin Construction/Retrofit System Schematic
Major Challenge Safety Rules International Safety and Regulatory Requirements cascade to totally different industry Intrinsically Safe Inland Vessels are unclassed and uninspected currently transitioning to Subchapter M USCG is sole Safety Authority requires perspective change from Big Ship mindset Risk Analysis Document Developed to Address Safety and Risk for design, operation, and refueling (bunkering) Hazardous Zone Development Any new fuel and fueling system must be as safe as current marine diesel fuel
Worldwide Marine LNG Activity Plenty of activity, studies, and interest worldwide Major U.S. Marine LNG Projects Major Driver ECA Compliance low sulfur requirement Offshore Vessels Harvey Marine first vessel in operation Staten Island Ferry Austin-class 2015 Horizon Lines two vessel conversions underway with four more to follow 2015 Sold all their ships Crowley two Ro/Ro Containerships dual fuel 2016 Matson Lines Containerships dual fuel - 2016 Tote two new containerships and two conversions starting 2016 Interlake Steamship Great Lakes Ship Conversion 2015 MARAD funding studies of Natural Gas for Great Lakes at GLMRI and also Life Cycle Carbon Footprint studies of natural gas Some vessels have changed their plans and are inserting SOx Scrubber technology while others are being built with a new status natural gas ready 23
Innovation in the Towing Industry Two major breakthroughs in the towing industry 1. Change from wood to steel hull 2. Change from coal to diesel Other Notable Breakthroughs/Trials Steam to diesel Paddle wheel to propeller Kort nozzle Electric Drive DC/AC Controllable Pitch Propellers Heavy Fuel Z-Drive Source International Marine Engineering Magazine, Page 482, November 1913 25
Natural Gas for Transportation Cleans UP the Environment and Contributes to a Healthier Economy supporting families, educational initiatives, and community development
Natural Gas Clean, Reliable, Local, Abundant Preserving the Waterways, Economy and our Quality of Life Source: pittsburghgreenstory.org The Environmental Transformation of an American Industrial City, Photo Gallery, http://www.pittsburghgreenstory.org/html/photo_gallery.html#retrieved January 29, 2013
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QUESTIONS?
Resources Chesapeake Energy (2010). Environmental Facts Knittel, C. (2012). Leveling the Playing Field for Natural Gas in Transportation, The Hamilton Project. National Petroleum Council (2012). Working Paper Advancing Technology for America s Transportation Future, Fuel and Vehicle System Analyses, Natural Gas Analysis. Price, R. (2012). Why Natural Gas, Pittsburgh Region Clean Cities U.S. Dept. of Energy(1999). Argonne National Laboratory Report U.S. Energy Information Administration(2009). Annual Energy Review. International Marine Engineering Magazine, Page 482, November 1913 Akerson, D. (2014). Transportation Fuel of the Future is Now. NGVAmerica; www.ngvamerica.org Excerpts from LCE Presentations (2015) on Port of Pittsburgh and Appalachian Regional Commission Studies on Pittsburgh Marine Corridor Natural Gas Feasibility