Blue Batteries We re the Bomb!
Problem Statement We must find batteries which provide lots of power, are small, are safe, are made of common materials, and have a long life.
Basic Battery Function Batteries powered by electrochemical reactions A battery has two electrodes: Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions Oxidation - loss of electrons Reduction - gain of electrons Oxidation: anode Reduction: cathode Google Images
Basic Battery Function One battery can have several voltaic cells with two half-cells The reaction is spontaneous and creates electrical energy Google
Lithium-Ion Batteries Common Uses Cellular devices and laptop computers Pros Rechargeable High Energy Density Low self discharge Utility Vehicles Li-Ion s are replacing lead- acid batteries Same voltage Cons Half the cost Two times the energy and reduce cost by 30% Google Images Google Images
Sodium Sulfur Batteries Made from liquid sodium and sulfur High energy density, high efficiency, long life cycle, and uses inexpensive materials High operating temperatures - up to 300 degrees Celsius Suitable for grid energy storage, not mobile use http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sodium%e2%80% 93sulfur_battery#mediaviewer/File: NaS_battery.png
Lithium Sulfur Batteries Very high energy density Light due to the low weight of lithium and sulfur Energy density of 500 W*h/kg Significantly better than most lithium ion batteries (150 to 200 W*h/kg) Up to 1,500 charge cycles Not commercially available http://www.steatite-batteries.co.uk/oxis-energy.html
Lithium-Air Batteries Pros Reacts with the oxygen in the air Stores 700% as much energy as the traditional Li-Ion Cons Lithium reacts violently with water Air from the atmosphere cannot contain water vapor Slow process compared to the Li-Ion http://www.ntt.co.jp/inlab/kankyo/eng/research/1_lithium-air/index. html
Our Experiment We learned about the batterymaking process and assembled lithium-ion batteries. http://www.thebatterystore.com/images/products/detail/pd2032_pos.1. jpg
Our Experiment Google Images Google Images
Policy Public Law 104-142 European Commission Battery Directive International Air Transport Association By 2015, the USA wants 1 million all-electric vehicles on the road. Good batteries could store excess energy generated by renewable energies during peaks and release them during valleys. Google Images
Thanks to Duke Energy, Purdue University, Dr. Pol (ViPER Group), and grad students Works Cited "Patent US20080182176 - Rechargeable Magnesium Battery." Google Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries." Welcome to ARPA-E. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Lithium Air Industries- Advanced Lithium Air Rechargeable Battery Technologies." Lithium Air Industries- Advanced Lithium Air Rechargeable Battery Technologies. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "NTT Energy and Environment Systems Laboratories." Lithium Air Battery Main Research Areas. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Rechargeable Lithium-Air Batteries." Welcome to ARPA-E. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Lithium Batteries." IATA. International Air Transport Association, n.d. Web. 25 June 2014.\ "The Mercury-Containing and Rechargeable Battery Management Act." EPA. US EPA, Oswer, Office Of Resource Conservation And Recovery. Web. 25 June 2014. "European Commission Battery Directive." PRBA. Official Journal of the European Union, 26 Sept. 2006. Web. 25 June 2014 "Is Lithium-ion the Ideal Battery?" Advantages & Limitations of the Lithium-ion Battery. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Cars Will Top Computers as No. 1 Lithium Battery Market by 2015."SmartPlanet. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 June 2014. "Lithium-ion Battery." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 19 June 2014. Web. 25 June 2014.