EPA Emissions s for Switch and Line-Haul Locomotives Spring 2018
EPA Line-Haul Locomotive Emission s Tier Level Year of Manufacture NOx PM HC CO Effective Date 0 1973-1992 8.0 38 0.22 31 1.00 0 5.0 0 1998 1 2 1993-2004 7.4 43 0.22 31 0.55 0 2.2 0 2002 2005-2011 5.5 58 0.10 69 0.30 38 1.5 0 2005 3 2012-2014 5.5 58 0.10 69 0.30 38 1.5 0...2012 4 2015 or later 1.3 90 0.03 91 0.14 71 1.5 0 2015
EPA Switch Locomotive Emission s Tier Level Year of Manufacture NOx PM HC CO Effective Date 0 1973-2001 11.8 39 0.26 41 2.10 0 8.0 0 1998 1 2002-2004 11.0 37 0.26 41 1.20 0 2.5 0 2002 2 2005-2010 8.1 53 0.13 70 0.60 41 2.4 0 2005 3 2011-2014 5.0 71 0.10 77 0.60 41 2.4 0...2012 4 2015 or later 1.3 93 0.03 93 0.14 86 2.4 0 2015
Unregulated Locomotive Emission s Tier Level Year of Manufacture NOx PM HC CO Effective Date UR UR UR Pre-2001 LH GE Pre-2001 SW GE Pre-1973 LH EMD 13.0 N/A 0.32 N/A 0.48 N/A 1.28 N/A N/A 17.4 N/A 0.44 N/A 1.01 N/A 1.83 N/A N/A 13.0 N/A 0.32 N/A 0.48 N/A 1.28 N/A N/A UR Pre-1973 SW EMD 17.4 N/A 0.44 N/A 1.01 N/A 1.83 N/A. N/A
Air Resources Board of California Proposed Amended Emission s for Locomotives and Locomotive Engines Tier Level Year of Manufacture NOx PM GHG HC Proposed Effective Date 2++ 2005-2011 1.3 90 0.03 95 NA 0 0.14 85 2023 3+ 2012-2014 1.3 90 0.03 95 NA 0 0.14 85 2023 4+ 2015-2024 0.3 99 <0.01 99 NA 0 0.05 95 2023 5 2025 0.2 99+ <0.01 99 NA 10-25% 0.02 98 With capability for zero-emission operation in designated areas....2025 GHG: greenhouse gases PM2.5: fine particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less
2400 KLW 24B 2280 2015 EPA Rules for Freshly Manufactured and Remanufactured Locomotives Remanufactured - 50% or more used parts Pre-1973 - Tier 0 (only if upgraded) 1973-1992 - Tier 0 1993-2004 - Tier 1 Line-Haul Locomotives (Over 2,300 BHP) 1033.640(c): If the weighted fraction of the locomotive that is comprised of previously used parts is greater than or equal to 25%, then the locomotive is considered to be remanufactured and retains its original date of manufacture. 1033.1(a): s begin to apply each time a locomotive or locomotive engine is originally manufactured or otherwise becomes new. 1033.901: A locomotive or engine also becomes new if it is remanufactured or refurbished (as defined in this section). Refurbished Remanufactured - 25% - 49.99% Used Parts Pre-1973 - Tier 0 1973-Current - Tier 4 1033.101(k): Upgraded locomotives that were originally manufactured prior to January 1, 1973 are subject to the Tier 0 standards. Repowering and refurbishing are considered upgrades according to 1033.901. 1033.640(e)(2):...line-haul locomotives that are deemed to be refurbished are subject to the same standards as freshly manufactured line-haul locomotives... Freshly Manufactured - Less than 25% Used Parts Tier 4 in All Cases 1033.640(d):...the date of original manufacture is the most recent date on which the locomotive was assembled using less than 25% previously used parts.
2400 KLW 24B 2280 2015 EPA Rules for Freshly Manufactured and Remanufactured Locomotives Remanufactured - 50% or more used parts Pre - 1973 - Tier 0 (Onlyif Upgraded) 1973-2001 - Tier 0 2002-2004 - Tier 1 Switch Locomotives (1,006 2,300 BHP) 1033.640(c): If the weighted fraction of the locomotive that is comprised of previously used parts is greater than or equal to 25%, then the locomotive is considered to be remanufactured and retains its original date of manufacture. 1033.1(a): s begin to apply each time a locomotive or locomotive engine is originally manufactured or otherwise becomes new. 1033.901: A locomotive or engine also becomes new if it is remanufactured or refurbished (as defined in this section). Refurbished Remanufactured - 25% - 49.99% used parts Pre - 1973 - Tier 0 1973 - Current - Tier 3 1033.101(k): Upgraded locomotives that were originally manufactured prior to January 1, 1973 are subject to the Tier 0 standards. Repowering and refurbishing are considered upgrades according to 1033.901. 1033.640(e)(2):...line-haul locomotives that are deemed to be refurbished are subject to the same standards as freshly manufactured line-haul locomotives... Freshly Manufactured - Less than 25% used parts Tier 4 in All Cases 1033.640(d):...the date of original manufacture is the most recent date on which the locomotive was assembled using less than 25% previously used parts.
Locomotive Hardware Configurations for Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment Systems
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System 9
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System 10
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System 11
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System DEF STORAGE TANK DEF FILLER TUBE 12
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System REACTOR - TOP VIEW REACTOR - BOTTOM VIEW 13
Sonos Studio : Keynote Proposal KLW Tier 4 Near Zero Emissions Aftertreatment System DEF DOSING CABINET DEF DOSING CONTROLS DEF SUPPLY PUMP DEF DOSING UNIT DEF INJECTOR DEF DOSING CONTROL PANEL 14
VW Mitigation State Trust Fund Opportunities for Private Sector and Government Owned Switch Locomotives
VW SETTLEMENT BREAKDOWN $2.7 Billion $10 Billion $2 Billion Zero Emission Vehicle Investment VBM EMT ZEV $2.7 Billion Environmental Mitigation Trust $10 Billion Vehicle Buyback and Modification
VOLKSWAGEN NO x Environmental Mitigation Trust $2.7 Billion will be available for eligible road / nonroad / off-road projects that reduce NO x Funds will be allocated to each state based on the number of affected VW cars within their jurisdiction State Beneficiaries have been seeking stakeholder input as to how their funds should be used for developing and submitting a Beneficiary Mitigation Plan (BMP) By January 30, 2018 many states will be notified of their official beneficiary status and within 30 days of their EPA verified BMP, they can draw funds for internally approved projects.
Eligible Mitigation Actions 10 Categories LARGE TRUCKS BUSES FREIGHT SWITCHERS FERRIES/TUGS SHOREPOWER MEDIUM TRUCKS AIRPORT EQUIPMENT FORKLIFTS LIGHT DUTY EQUIP DERA OPTION
$8 AK $8 HI Not funding $112 WA $72 OR $24 NV $422 CA Not funding freight switchers No details yet Level 4 priority less than $20MM Level 3 priority $20MM + $17 ID $35 UT $56 AZ $12 MT $8 WY $68 CO $17 NM $8 ND $8 SD $12 NE $15 KS $19 OK $204 TX $47 MN $21 IA $41 MO $14 AR $19 LA $67 WI $64 MI $75OH $108 $40 IL $9 MS IN $20K Y $45 TN $25 AL $63 GA $18 VT $127 NY $118 PA $93 VA $92 NC $75 MD $33 SC $166 FL $21 ME $72 NJ $12 WV $30 NH $75 MA $9 DE $8 D.C. $55 CT $14 RI Level 2 Priority Allocated portion just for freight switchers Level 1 Priority
Katherine Wurtz Research and Data Analyst kwurtz@kewconsultants.com Knoxville Allison Wurtz Principal Grant Writer awurtz@kewconsultants.com Chicago