CONNECTED AUTOMATION Roger Berg - Vice President North America Research and Development DENSO Corporation DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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NHTSA V2V NHTSA 05-14 Monday, February 3, 2014 Contact: Nathan Naylor, 202-366-9550, Public.Affairs@dot.gov WASHINGTON The U.S. Department of Transportation's (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) announced today that it will begin taking steps to enable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technology for light vehicles. This technology would improve safety by allowing vehicles to "talk" to each other and ultimately avoid many crashes altogether by exchanging basic safety data, such as speed and position, ten times per second. DOT research indicates that safety applications using V2V technology can address a large majority of crashes involving two or more motor vehicles. With safety data such as speed and location flowing from nearby vehicles, vehicles can identify risks and provide drivers with warnings to avoid other vehicles in common crash types such as rear-end, lane change, and intersection crashes. These safety applications have been demonstrated with everyday drivers under both real-world and controlled test conditions. "Vehicle-to-vehicle technology represents the next generation of auto safety improvements, building on the life-saving achievements we've already seen with safety belts and air bags," said U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx. "By helping drivers avoid crashes, this technology will play a key role in improving the way people get where they need to go while ensuring that the U.S. remains the leader in the global automotive industry." DOT research indicates that safety applications using V2V technology can address a large majority of crashes involving two or more motor vehicles. With safety data such as speed and location flowing from nearby vehicles, vehicles can identify risks and provide drivers with warnings to avoid other vehicles in common crash types such as rear-end, lane change, and intersection crashes. These safety applications have been demonstrated with everyday drivers under both real-world and controlled test conditions. The safety applications currently being developed provide warnings to drivers so that they can prevent imminent collisions, but do not automatically operate any vehicle systems, such as braking or steering. NHTSA is also considering future actions on active safety technologies that rely on on-board sensors. Those technologies are eventually expected to blend with the V2V technology. NHTSA issued an Interim Statement of Policy in 2013 explaining its approach to these various streams of innovation. In addition to enhancing safety, these future applications and technologies could help drivers to conserve fuel and save time. V2V technology does not involve exchanging or recording personal information or tracking vehicle movements. The information sent between vehicles does not identify those vehicles, but merely contains basic safety data. In fact, the system as contemplated contains several layers of security and privacy protection to ensure that vehicles can rely on messages sent from other vehicles and that a vehicle or group of vehicles would be identifiable through defined procedures only if there is a need to fix a safety problem. In August 2012, DOT launched the Safety Pilot "model deployment" in Ann Arbor, Mich., where nearly 3,000 vehicles were deployed in the largest-ever road test of V2V technology. DOT testing is indicating interoperability of V2V technology among products from different vehicle manufacturers and suppliers and has demonstrated that they work in real-world environments. The In driver safety clinics conducted applications by the Department prior currently to the model deployment, being the technology developed showed high favorability provide ratings and warnings levels of customer to acceptance. drivers Participants so indicated that they would like can to have prevent V2V safety features imminent on their personal vehicle. collisions, "V2V crash avoidance but technology do has not game-changing automatically potential significantly operate reduce the number any of crashes, vehicle injuries and systems, deaths on our nation's such roads," as said braking NHTSA Acting Administrator or steering. David Friedman. NHTSA "Decades from is now, also it's likely considering we'll look back at this time period as one in which the historical arc of transportation safety considerably changed for the better, similar to the introduction of standards for seat belts, airbags, and electronic stability control technology." future actions on active safety technologies that rely on on-board sensors. Those technologies are eventually expected to NHTSA is currently finalizing its analysis of the data gathered as part of its year-long pilot program and will publish a research report on V2V communication technology for public comment in the coming weeks. The report will include analysis of the Department's blend research findings with in several the key V2V areas including technology. technical feasibility, privacy and security, and preliminary estimates on costs and safety benefits. NHTSA will then begin working on a regulatory proposal that would require V2V devices in new vehicles in a future year, consistent with applicable legal requirements, Executive Orders, and guidance. DOT believes that the signal this announcement sends to the market will significantly enhance development of this technology and pave the way for market penetration of V2V safety applications. "We are pleased with the direction NHTSA is taking in terms of V2V technology," said Greg Winfree, Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology. "The decision to move forward comes after years of dedicated research into the overwhelming safety benefits provided by a connected vehicle environment." V2V communications can provide the vehicle and driver with 360-degree situational awareness to address additional crash situations including those, for example, in which a driver needs to decide if it is safe to pass on a two-lane road (potential head-on collision), make a left turn across the path of oncoming traffic, or in which a vehicle approaching at an intersection appears to be on a collision course. In those situations, V2V communications can detect threats hundreds of yards from other vehicles that cannot be seen, often in situations in which on-board sensors alone cannot detect the threat. NHTSA is currently finalizing its analysis of the data gathered as part of its year-long pilot program and will publish a research report on V2V communication technology for public comment in the coming weeks. The report will include NHTSA has worked in close partnership in this research both with other DOT agencies, including the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology and the Federal Highway Administration, and with several leading auto manufacturers and academic research institutions, who have invested significant resources into developing and testing V2V technology. The collaboration of government, industry and academia is critical to ensure V2V technology's interoperability across vehicles. analysis of the Department's research findings in several key areas including technical feasibility, privacy and security, and Find more more information on the Department's vehicle-to-vehicle communication technology research. preliminary estimates on costs and safety benefits. NHTSA will then begin working on a regulatory proposal that would Stay connected with NHTSA via: Facebook.com/NHTSA Twitter.com/NHTSAgov YouTube.com/USDOTNHTSA SaferCar.gov require V2V devices in new vehicles in a future year, consistent with applicable legal requirements, Executive Orders, and guidance. DOT believes that the signal this announcement sends to the market will significantly enhance development of this technology and pave the way for market penetration of V2V safety applications.
Historical Background
The Transportation Problem in the USA Safety 5,800,000 crashes & 33,963 deaths (2009) $300 billion estimated society cost $1522 for each US traveler Mobility 4.8+ billion hours of travel delay (2010) $98 billion cost of urban congestion $590 for each US traveler Environment 3.9+ billion gallons of wasted fuel ONE KEY SOLUTION: CONNECTIVITY Adapted from DSRC Workshop, M. Schagrin, RITA JPO, May 2010 and AAA report 2011
Connected Vehicle Timeline for USA Law SAFETEA-LU Transportation Bill Extension Transportation Act of 2012? VII Program Start VIIC CAMP VII = Vehicle Infrastructure Integration PoC = Proof of Concept FOT = Field Operational Test CAMP = Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership CICAS-V = Cooperative Intersection Crash Avoidance System - Violations VSC-A = V2V Crash Avoidance Applications Device Acquisition Equip dev. PoC VII Feasibility Rev. ITS WC (NY) Connected Vehicle Program 3000 unit FOT R&D - Outreach Technical & Policy Research Tracks ITS WC(FL) Activity 2012 2013 Driver Recruitment & Training Vehicle Builds CICAS-V / VSC-A R&D NHTSA decision to move towards regulation Regional Deployments ITS WC (MI) Vehicle Deployment Agency Decision Data Collection and Eval. Safety Benefits Analysis
CAMP V2V Safety Program DENSO International America, Inc. All rights reserved.
2012-2014 Model Deployment Device Type Vehicle Type Vehicle Source Number % of total of Units Integrated Light CAMP 64 2.3% Integrated Commercial Trucks Battelle 3 0.1% VAD Light UM employees 2200 77.6% VAD Commercial Trucks Conway, Sysco 50 1.8% VAD Light/medium duty University Fleet 100 3.5% VAD Transit Vehicles AATA, UM buses 100 3.5% ASD Light Vehicles UM employees 300 10.6% RSD Commercial Trucks Conway, Sysco 16 0.6% TSP Transit Vehicles AATA, UM buses 3 0.1%
Vision for Today
What Can Connected Vehicle Technology Do?
What is Connected Vehicle Technology? GPS Time & Position Roadside Equipment Host CAN Data Neighboring Vehicle Neighboring Vehicle
How does it improve vehicle safety? Sample V2X Info & Safety Applications
V2V Safety Application Emer. Vehicle Alert
V2V Safety Application Intersection Alert
V2V Safety Application Stopped Car Alert
A V2X Service Deployment Scenario Active Road Safety - Cooperative Awareness - Road Hazard Warning Driving Assistance Information Notification Collision Risk Warning Collision Avoidance Assist Control Cooperation Cooperative Traffic Efficiency Signage HW Req ts / Integration low Be Connected. Be increased Safe. Be Green high 2015 2018 2021 1) Use V2X safety messages and content to provide day one benefits Focus on information and warning functions as new and retrofit devices deploy Cooperate with infrastructure systems providers for integrated V2V/I2V approach 2) Expand to more advanced (safety) services as deployment penetration increases Building on a mature system, use of effective safety features can proliferate Achieve improved functional integration to lower system cost Signal Phase Adaptation Automated Speed Control
One configuration option (opportunity) antennas V2V & GPS audio alert kit certified by USDOT and / or auto maker dealer or mobile electronics installer enhanced applications via wireless tether
Application Implementation (opportunity) 5.9 GHz DSRC Safety processor, radio, GPS mounted in vehicle Wi-Fi Application(s) and HMI contained on carry-in device
Vision for the Future
External Conn/Auto Sensors
Internal Conn/Auto Sensors
How Do We Get there sensors HMI driver Lab Be Connected. monitor Be Safe. Be Green V2X
VSC Application Scenario - CICAS-V by I2V Connected Automation Example Vehicle with radar and V2V approaches intersection Gray car slows to let truck pass intersection Truck moves at constant speed (example) Blue car slows because gray one did Blue car accelerates back to original speed
One Idea - Connected Automation City Less restrictive operational constraints May coexist with pedestrians & bikes Safety is absolute must
Summary V2X is effective at cooperative crash avoidance Retrofit installs may play a large role in deployment Road to automation includes connectivity to driver Future flows to alternative transport vehicles and must include technology for Be pedestrian Connected. Be environment Safe. Be Green operation Connected Vehicle Technology:.