Switzerland A. Definitions and sources of data The Swiss National Bank (SNB) compiles data on foreign direct investment (FDI) for balance of payments- and international investment position- purposes. The SNB is authorized by the federal law on the Swiss National Bank from 3 October 2003 and the decree on the national bank law from 18 March 2004 to conduct quarterly and annual surveys. Before, the surveys were conducted in accordance with article 2 of the Federal Statistical Act of 9 October 1992. Participation in the surveys is mandatory for all enterprises resident in Switzerland with FDI capital exceeding Sfr 10 million (or quarterly FDI flows exceeding Sfr 1 million). FDI is defined, essentially in line with international standards, as a cross-border investment in an enterprise in order to exercise a significant degree of influence on the management of this enterprise. This is normally the case with a participation of at least 10 per cent of voting shares. Geographical detail on data on FDI flows are reported since 1986. For the period of 1983-1986, aggregated FDI flows published in the balance-of-payments statistics were estimated based on a pilot survey covering mainly manufacturing enterprises. Until 1991, reinvested earnings were included in equity capital of FDI flows and not reported separately. FDI flow and stock data includes the activities of offshore enterprises established in Switzerland by nonresidents or established abroad by Swiss residents; they do not include transactions of real estate and buildings by non-resident individuals in Switzerland or by Swiss residents abroad. The directional principle is overwhelmingly applied. Data on the flows and stocks of FDI are published in the SNB Monthly Statistical Bulletin, available on www.snb.ch. They contain detailed breakdowns by regions and countries, and by sectors and industries. Detailed flow data are published with a time lag of 8 months, detailed stock data with a time lag of 12 months. Stock data generally refer to book values. The Federal Statistical Act of 9 October 1992, introducing a compulsory reporting of balance of payments-related information, led to an extension of the coverage of the direct investment survey in 1993. Therefore, when interpreting data, it has to be taken into account that there is a break in time series in 1993. Data refer to manufacturing activities and services. The classification by economic activities applied by the SNB is the "Allgemeine Systematik der Wirtschaftszweige 1985" (ASWZ) and relates to the main economic activity of the enterprise resident in Switzerland. It is derived from the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC). Transition to a classification derived from NACE rev.1.1 (NOGA2002) is envisaged. Outward FDI data with a breakdown by economic sectors (secondary and tertiary) are available from 1985 (flows) / 1986 (stocks) onwards, a detailed breakdown by economic activity is available since 1993. The country classification of inward FDI data follows the principle of immediate ownership while for outward data, efforts are undertaken to apply the principle of ultimate beneficial ownership, as far as possible. In addition, the SNB reports data on the employment of affiliates abroad of Swiss TNCs and the employment of affiliates of foreign TNCs in Switzerland, with a breakdown by regions and countries. Posting date: 19 September 2005
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 2 of 36 The Federal Office of Statistics in cooperation with economiesuisse reports data on research and development (R&D) expenditure of foreign affiliates of Swiss TNCs. The data are collected in the framework of a survey on R&D by private enterprises, introduced in 1983 and taking place every four years (every three years up to 1992). The survey is based on the Swiss Enterprise Register (Registre des entreprises et des établissements, REE) and covered, for the reporting year 2000, a number of 6,299 enterprises resident in Switzerland. Data on affiliates abroad of Swiss TNCs, refering to affiliates of which the ultimate beneficial owner is a Swiss TNC, are estimated. A break in time series is caused by the introduction of NOGA for the classification by economic activity, as of 1996. Furthermore, the survey was expanded to include insurance companies in 2000.
B. Statistics on FDI and the operations of TNCs
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 4 of 36 Table 1. Summary of FDI (Millions of Swiss Francs) Variable Inward Outward 1. FDI flows, 2001-2004 (annual average) 13 151 23 682 2. FDI flows as a percentage of GFCF, 2001-2004 (annual average) 14.2 25.5 3. FDI stock, 2004 204 857 444 740 4. FDI stock as a percentage of GDP, 2004 50.6 109.8 Sources : Based on tables 3a and 4 and UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database. Table 2. Summary of international production (Number of employees and millions of Swiss francs) Variable Affiliates of foreign TNCs in Switzerland Foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs abroad 1. Employment, 2003 149 257 1 808 298 2. Research and development expenditures, 2000.. 9 785 Sources: Based on tables 32 and 67 and UNCTAD, FDI/TNC database.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 5 of 36 Table 3a. FDI flows, by type of investment, 1985-2004 (Millions of Swiss Francs) Inward investment Outward investment Reinvested Reinvested Year Equity earnings Other Total Equity earnings Other Total 1985 460 979 1 142 2 581 5 911 1 241 4 084 11 236 1986 1 238 1 313-441 2 110 2 073 1 409 146 3 628 1987 548 914 1 787 3 249 1 306 1 759-351 2 714 1988 1 395 40 1 381 2 816 6 279 3 711 2 733 12 723 1989 1 104 2 044-779 2 369 11 042 4 002-2 082 12 962 1990 5 218 1 786 614 7 618 5 252 2 430 2 286 9 968 1991 2 069 1 191 529 3 789 5 898 1 925 1 557 9 380 1992 122 287 169 578 7 129 963 425 8 517 1993-93 1 164-1 194-123 7 109 4 931 910 12 950 1994 249 3 780 576 4 605 11 244 3 457 61 14 762 1995 2 464 825-661 2 628 9 638 3 711 1 089 14 438 1996 1 502 2 930-627 3 805 13 106 6 465 393 19 964 1997 5 966 1 245 2 420 9 631 13 515 9 889 2 331 25 735 1998 5 093 6 501 1 368 12 962 16 949 7 203 3 058 27 209 1999 7 577 9 708 318 17 603 23 835 18 280 7 872 49 986 2000 19 883 10 985 1 652 32 520 56 013 16 836 2 596 75 445 2001 15 799 966-1 820 14 945 21 995 3 998 4 789 30 782 2002 3 952 2 393 3 438 9 783 24 584-8 677-3 658 12 249 2003 11 193 3 920 7 193 22 306 5 303 15 748-699 20 351 2004-1 158 8 610-1 883 5 569 11 299 16 600 3 447 31 345 Source: Banque Nationale Suisse, Bulletin mensuel de statistiques économiques, various issues. Note: Components might not add up to the total due to rounding.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 6 of 36 Year Equity Table 3b. FDI flows, by type of investment, 1983-2003 (Millions of dollars) Inward investment Reinvested earnings Other Total Equity Outward investment Reinvested earnings Other Total 1983 356 286-643.. 492.. 492 1984 393 392-8 777 951 496-308 1 139 1985 404 398 465 1 267 2 406 505 1 662 4 573 1986 994 730 399 2 122 1 160 783-483 1 460 1987 646 613 1 061 2 320 865 1 180-771 1 273 1988 1 318 27-940 405 4 158 2 536 2 000 8 695 1989 1 248 1 249-2 497 6 750 2 446-9 196 1990 4 259 1 286-5 545 3 781 1 749-5 530 1991 2 008 831-2 839 4 113 1 342-5 455 1992 924 204-1 128 5 070 685-5 754 1993 919 788-1 707 4 811 3 337-8 148 1994 919 2 764-3 683 8 221 2 528-10 749 1995 3 461 698-4 158 8 151 3 138-11 289 1996 2 510 2 371-507 4 373 10 604 5 231 318 16 152 1997 4 781 858 1 667 7 306 9 312 6 814 1 606 17 732 1998 4 221 4 484 944 9 649 11 690 4 968 2 109 18 767 1999 5 758 6 437 231 12 426 15 859 12 180 5 216 33 256 2000 12 287 6 476 1 015 19 778 32 527 9 976 1 486 43 989 2001 9 992 570-1 082 9 480 13 156 2 370 2 799 18 326 2002 3 121 1 508 2 154 6 783 16 209-5 583-2 386 8 240 2003 9 252 2 921 5 375 17 547 4 018 11 699-373 15 343 Source: International Monetary Fund, balance-of-payments CD-ROM, March 05. Note : Due to rounding, the components may not add up to the total.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 7 of 36 Table 4. FDI stocks, by type of investment, 1985-2004 (Millions of Swiss Francs) Inward investment Outward investment Intra- Intra- Reinvested company Reinvested company Year Equity earnings loans Total Equity earnings loans Total 1985 20 580.. 379 20 959 42 714.. 9 392 52 106 1986 30 866.. - 661 30 205 46 031.. 9 535 55 566 1987 34 119.. - 498 33 621 47 939.. 9 924 57 863 1988 37 701.. 245 37 946 60 539.. 13 018 73 556 1989 40 284.. - 587 39 698 73 000.. 11 483 84 483 1990 44 934.. - 570 44 364 72 959.. 12 657 85 616 1991 47 765.. 693 48 458 89 089.. 13 772 102 861 1992 47 732.. 301 48 033 91 649.. 16 697 108 346 1993 57 208.. 69 57 277 113 292.. 22 187 135 479 1994 62 518.. 1 309 63 827 125 431.. 22 225 147 656 1995 64 917.. 734 65 651 141 518.. 22 404 163 922 1996 71 727.. 869 72 596 171 975.. 18 663 190 638 1997 81 977.. 4 641 86 618 212 551.. 28 104 240 655 1998 98 109.. 992 99 101 225 261.. 28 335 253 596 1999 119 802.. 1 760 121 561 266 943.. 44 315 311 258 2000 139 550.. 2 505 142 055 339 474.. 42 436 381 911 2001 148 721.. 166 148 887 381 210.. 44 070 425 280 2002...... 173 085 370 625.. 39 031 406 804 2003...... 200 159...... 423 706 2004...... 204 857...... 444 740 Source: Banque Nationale Suisse, Bulletin mensuel de statistiques économiques, various issues. Notes: Reinvested earnings are included in equity and not reported separately. Data might differ from those in tables 11, 12, 14, 15 and 16 since data by components and those with breakdown by sector/industry and by region/economy are revised during different periods.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 8 of 36 Table 5. FDI flows in the host economy, by industry, 1993-2003 (Millions of Francs) Sector / industry 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total - 123 4 604 2 629 3 805 9 631 12 963 17 603 32 519 14 945 9 783 22 306 Secondary - 3 1 074 1 415 2 184 4 264 3 069 2 944 16 380-1 725 151 6 325 Chemicals and chemical products 122 378 231 946 2 362 3 029 361 3 119 278-316 1 996 Metal and metal products - 100-20 - 30-32 1 691 28-710 7 992-39 165 1 796 Electrical and electronic equipment 18 645 529 1 015 204-55 2 312 3 239-2 435 264 1 813 Unspecified secondary - 43 71 686 255 6 69 983 2 030 472 38 720 Tertiary - 120 3 530 1 214 1 622 5 367 9 894 14 659 16 139 16 670 9 632 15 981 Trade 24 820 289 380 362 971 1 750 2 231 572 1 624 3 997 Transport, storage and communications 32 193-33 82-5 66 1 853 3 552 6 177-57 907 Finance - 296 2 420 973 1 017 4 865 8 639 10 292 9 700 9 779 7 652 10 868 Financial Intermediation - 331 2 297-1 010 886 4 596 7 419 5 585 7 783 8 058 9 113 10 401 Monetary intermediation 75 556 83 763 558 2 253 65 2 626 2 545 502 1 268 Other financial intermediation - 406 1 741-1 092 123 4 038 5 165 5 520 5 156 5 513 8 611 9 133 Insurance and Pension Funding 35 123 1 983 131 269 1 220 4 707 1 917 1 721-1 461 467 Other services 119 97-16 143 144 218 765 656 142 413 209 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Chemicals and chemical products include plastics. Metal and metal products include machinery and equipment. Electrical and electronic equipment include energy and precision instruments. Secondary includes construction. Other financial intermediation includes financial and management holdings whose share capital is foreign-controlled.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 9 of 36 Table 6. FDI flows in the host economy, by geographical origin, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total world 7 618 3 790 578-123 4 604 2 629 3 805 9 631 12 963 17 603 32 519 14 945 9 783 22 306 Developed countries 7 216 3 717 544-372 4 589 2 596 3 714 9 645 11 777 17 467 31 323 14 555 10 631 21 346 Western Europe 1 733 2 305-355 - 850 2 317 2 512 2 239 5 950 5 615 9 227 12 969 11 359 8 109 13 849 European Union 1 666 2 163-456 - 829 2 314 2 509 2 233 5 927 5 625 9 224 12 939 11 385 7 976 13 777 Austria - - - 50-13 30 1 68 38 114 266 23 105-28 Belgium - - - 59 47 23 70-4 - 50 177 226 169-266 4 818 Luxembourg - - - - 60 374 179 317 1 682 505 431 2 852 791 306 149 Denmark - - - - 19-2 - 9 21 27-52 873 1 840-108 - 33 France - - - 44 232-33 571 517-393 615 587 944 2 685 1 016 Germany - - - - 194 777 441 1 308 2 871 2 715 2 907 4 022-1 425-321 - 535 Italy - - - - 436 22-65 - 807 111 1 584 476 1 954 299 410-96 Netherlands - - - - 246 406 1 884 381 498 1 612-1 183 538 7 505 297 6 258 Spain - - - 1 6 7 10 18-113 475 102 50 34 29 Sweden - - - 45 543 374 337 165 75-1 62-48 189 262 United Kingdom - - - - 76-68 126-170 - 161-378 5 238 1 330 1 211 4 726 1 776 Other Western Europe 66 143 101-22 2 3 6 23-10 3 30-26 133 72 North America 3 896 1 330 720 428 2 273 363 1 476 3 778 6 509 9 669 18 443 2 869 3 075 7 733 Canada - - - 122-177 16-50 - 46-55 - 189 7 832-454 193 379 United States - - - 306 2 450 346 1 526 3 824 6 564 9 858 10 611 3 323 2 883 7 354 Other developed countries 1 587 82 179 50-1 - 279-1 - 83-347 -1 428-88 327-554 - 236 Israel - - - 34 22 36-46 18 36 36-8 14-310 26 Japan - - - 16-23 - 315-15 - 326-457 -1 509-37 278-291 - 263 Developing economies 50 68-9 249 15 6 91-14 1 186 120 360 150 63 862 Africa 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 9 5 5 5 Latin America and the Caribbean 39 20 9 123-4 - 29 34 33 1 255 109 322 136 42 849 Asia 14 46-22 118 27 17 34 16-62 31 54 9 37 14 West Asia - - - 8 5 12 30 2 22 23 26 1 20 4 Turkey - - - 8 5 12 30 2 22 23 26 1 20 4 Unspecified 352 5 44 - - 27 - - - 16 836 241-910 98 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Prior to 1993, data for Austria and Sweden are included in Other Western Europe. Data for Finland are not reported separately and are included in Other Western Europe. United Kingdom includes Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. Unspecified developing countries refers to Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Hong Kong (China), Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China and Thailand. Unspecified refers mainly to the countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Andorra, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Holy See, Monaco and San Marino. From 1990 to 1992, Israel and Turkey are included in the regional subcategories Asia and Other Western Europe respectively.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 10 of 36 Table 8. FDI flows abroad, by industry, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Sector / industry 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total 9 317 8 906 8 504 12 949 14 761 14 438 19 964 25 734 27 209 49 986 75 446 30 782 12 249 20 351 Secondary 5 108 4 718 7 127 6 814 10 043 8 838 8 551 15 804 9 640 9 477 23 726 11 393 12 325 6 168 Textiles, clothing and leather - - - 21-8 43-8 118 623 395-90 - 279 157 813 Chemicals and chemical products - - - 2 876 4 916 3 273 2 074 8 373 5 156 6 430 17 695 1 499 2 762 2 939 Metal and metal products - - - 569 1 375 1 423 766 2 593 1 421 659 173 4 797-343 1 433 Electrical and electronic equipment - - - 636 1 116 1 086 2 919 3 477-890 1 007 2 395 1 788 681-3 247 Unspecified secondary 5 108 4 718 7 127 2 711 2 645 3 013 2 800 1 243 3 329 986 3 555 3 588 9 067 4 230 Tertiary 4 209 4 188 1 377 6 135 4 718 5 600 11 413 9 930 17 569 40 509 51 720 19 389-76 14 183 Trade - - - 1 807 605 1 269-4 517 2 376 2 805-656 1 080 388-617 Transport, storage and communications - - - - 23 429 499 940 214 859 3 524 196 1 521-1 383-540 Finance - - - 4 307 3 361 3 479 10 235 8 325 14 272 30 059 49 914 15 259 2 140 14 783 Financial Intermediation - - - 2 112 1 873 1 269 2 639 6 991 6 238 20 149 35 872 7 766 2 713 13 369 Monetary intermediation - - - 417 1 494 1 308 551 1 796-321 6 082 31 059-928 - 99 5 971 Other financial intermediation - - - 1 695 380-38 2 087 5 195 6 559 14 067 4 813 8 694 2 812 7 398 Insurance and Pension Funding - - - 2 194 1 487 2 209 7 597 1 334 8 034 9 910 14 042 7 493-573 1 414 Other services - - - 44 323 353 241 874 62 4 121 2 266 1 528-1 220 557 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Chemicals and chemical products include plastics. Metal and metal products include machinery and equipment. Electrical and electronic equipment include energy and precision instruments. Secondary includes construction. Other financial intermediation includes financial and management holdings whose share capital is foreign-controlled.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 11 of 36 Table 9. FDI flows abroad, by geographical destination, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total world 9 317 8 906 8 504 12 949 14 761 14 438 19 964 25 734 27 209 49 986 75 446 30 782 12 249 20 351 Developed countries 5 311 6 520 6 906 9 398 13 964 13 010 17 140 21 499 14 620 37 049 62 839 22 103 11 390 13 584 Western Europe 4 344 4 911 4 513 3 282 8 080 6 276 12 625 13 040 9 317 22 559 28 525 11 879 8 131 6 031 European Union 3 957 4 128 4 174 3 229 8 027 6 210 12 522 12 596 10 154 21 359 23 537 11 632 7 340 5 992 Austria - - - 246 557 89-252 343 344 515 100 399 455 594 Belgium - - - 889-551 1 042 488-655 349 1 179 4 429-545 2 036 2 634 Luxembourg - - - 137 412 200 192-959 1 651-47 3 440 7 825-2 956 4 148 Denmark - - - - 3 166 21 49 30-31 280-167 - 29 69 485 Finland - - - 217 62 56 137 152 224 126 263 99-8 16 France - - - 1 451 1 287 127 338 213 333 827-933 -1 582 985-1 873 Germany - - - - 245 784 1 171 2 629 4 131 889 5 799-1 113 5 696 247 303 Greece - - - 26 95 79 109 116 205 179 355 167 241 369 Ireland - - - 215 191 324 342 317-54 5 446 1 303-4 713 175 33 Italy - - - - 281 148 424 769 1 134-197 192-222 1 958 773-1 877 Netherlands - - - - 550 1 078 1 143-193 2 752 1 003 1 716 3 227 167 1 505 576 Portugal - - - - 22 34 27 91 311-69 561 1 594 270 75-266 Spain - - - - 122-81 572 118 35 377-545 97 1 382 480 27 Sweden - - - 69 535 85 539 632 844-656 328-165 3 002 401 United Kingdom - - - 1 202 3 309 851 7 170 4 043 4 287 5 788 10 836 703 261 422 Other Western Europe 387 783 339 53 53 66 103 444-837 1 201 4 988 247 791 39 North America 428 1 355 1 675 5 722 6 105 5 978 3 709 8 058 4 458 13 640 34 232 9 728 3 707 7 025 Canada - - - 407 825-166 335 368 1 232 83 553 108 307 353 United States - - - 5 315 5 280 6 144 3 373 7 690 3 226 13 557 33 678 9 620 3 401 6 672 Other developed countries 539 254 718 394-220 756 806 402 845 850 83 496-449 528 Australia - - - 273-6 609 401 153 572 322-267 - 66 437 992 Japan - - - 88-268 - 35 305-203 124 628 336 487-640 - 165 New Zealand - - - - 4 7 31 7 298 11-215 - 3 22-7 - 56 South Africa - - - 37 48 151 93 154 138 116 18 54-238 - 243 Developing economies 3 987 2 318 1 450 3 395 477 531 2 468 4 024 11 484 11 601 11 531 7 014-528 4 004 Africa 5 149 47 25 54 25 90 230 102 480 255 89-251 - 6 North Africa - - - 18 32 42 37 125 45 96-19 119 74 65 Egypt - - - 12 33 34 18 92 57 93 11 82 48 31 Morocco - - - 6-1 8 19 32-12 2-30 37 26 34 Other Africa - - - - 4 8 3 17 8 56-33 - 43 2-92 30 Côte d'ivoire - - - - 10-6 6 17 16 51-26 - 47-6 - 93 4 Nigeria - - - 6 14-2 1-9 5-7 4 8 1 26 Latin America and the Caribbean 3 513 1 779 875 2 473-588 189-8 728 4 888 6 638 10 412 6 205-1 226 3 692 South America 471 182 454 583 178 313 584 214 1 305 1 243 665-151 -1 465 637 Argentina - - - 46 47 28 65-10 321-103 48 533-542 345 Brazil - - - 308-54 127-10 - 338 446 844 246-808 - 615 161 Chile - - - 106 27 35 83 29-178 17-27 - 163-8 - 14 Colombia - - - 19 90 7 82 34 387 115-109 - 70-214 - 19 Ecuador - - - 15 4 11 80 27 10 20 23 55 42 14 Peru - - - 2 9 19-9 158-25 47 57 36-42 - 61 Uruguay - - - 40 56 92 172 217 284 291 299 90 152 33 Venezuela - - - 46-1 - 5 121 97 61 11 127 176-239 178 Other Latin America and Caribbean 3 042 1 598 421 2 014-801 - 67-628 407 3 615 5 262 9 590 6 491-312 3 921 Costa Rica - - - - 3-16 45 10-1 - 26-0 - 17 13 17 85 Guatemala - - - 19-5 4-176 60-4 22-97 - 8-8 13 Mexico - - - 122 84-3 121 111 654 537 910 941 184-61 Developing Europe - - - 6 14 4 5 4 70-44 16 21 7 64 Croatia - - - 6 14 4 5 4 70-44 16 21 7 64 Asia 470 390 528 891 998 313 2 381 3 063 6 425 4 526 847 700 942 254 West Asia - - - 23 38 112 13 108 303-29 - 383-97 220 13 Lebanon - - - - 27 3 9 8 2-2 - 13-143 12 17 2 Saudi Arabia - - - 2 33 4 3 43-2 60-83 - 6 7-18 Turkey - - - 41-8 96-0 51 296-95 - 242-158 249 51 United Arab Emirates - - - 7 10 3 3 12 11 19 85 55-52 - 22 South, East and South-East Asia 494 282 448 822 956 184 2 118 2 986 5 912 4 746 1 010 726 755 135 China - - - 32 168 342 378 255 123-143 212 181-64 - 188 Hong Kong, China - - - 300 420-547 21 236 447 665-63 258-203 101 India - - - 56 31 13 370 160 29-59 - 43 139 76 140 Indonesia - - - 21 15 46 177 134 90 10-22 156 36-33 Malaysia - - - 104 8 17 233 82 102 227-25 67-34 83 /
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 12 of 36 Table 9. FDI flows abroad, by geographical destination, 1990-2003(concluded) (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Pakistan - - - 3-17 23 22 34-17 7 59 42 18 21 Philippines - - - 74 14-8 39 50 1 169 57 313 98-272 - 62 Republic of Korea - - - 12 29 19 66-57 283 179 184 86-11 25 Singapore - - - 127 110 175 542 1 879 3 173 3 811 222-523 1 050-202 Taiwan Province of China - - - 70 93 61 22 45 121 92 160 34 31 45 Thailand - - - 23 86 41 224 148 395-82 46 206 167 180 Viet Nam - - - 0-1 2 25 21-2 - 18-33 - 19-40 25 Central and Eastern Europe 19 68 148 156 319 897 356 212 1 105 1 218 1 079 1 568 1 580 251 Czech Republic - - - 54 34 573 61-19 356-64 183 274 55-496 Hungary - - - 34 52 31 62-35 - 76 100 77 172 28 132 Poland - - - 38 159 236 113 173 208 473 586 209-152 118 Russian Federation - - - - 8 56 37 100 46 335 599-7 696 151-15 Slovakia - - - 0 0 3-2 13 21 38 13 9 52-4 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - 118-3 97-193 2 512 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Source: Banque Nationale Suisse, Bulletin trimestriel, various issues and Swiss Balance of Payments, various issues. Notes: Data for Austria and Sweden prior to 1993, and data for Finland prior to 1995, are included in Other Western Europe. United Kingdom includes Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. Before 1993, Latin America and the Caribbean refers to Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. Unspecified Other Latin America and the Caribbean refers mainly to the offshore financial centres in Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Panama and St. Kitts and Nevis. Unspecified Asia includes the Pacific. Central and Eastern Europe includes Bosnia, Slovenia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Unspecified refers mainly to Andorra, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Holy See, Malta, Monaco and San Marino. Data might differ from those in table 10 as the composition of regions is not the same. From 1990 to 1992, Turkey is included in the regional sub-categories Other Western Europe. Israel is included in the regional subcategories Asia.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 13 of 36 Table 10. FDI flows abroad, by industry and geographical destination, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2001 (Millions of Swiss Francs) 1990 1995 2000 2001 Region/economy / Sector/industry Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Total world 5 108 4 209 9 317 8 838 5 600 14 438 23 726 51 720 75 446 9 373 19 824 29 197 Developed countries 2 364 2 947 5 311 9 378 3 728 13 106 20 601 41 993 62 595 9 338 11 589 20 929 Western Europe 1 756 2 588 4 344 3 501 2 871 6 372 11 789 16 490 28 280 3 826 6 662 10 490 European Union 1 464 2 493 3 957 3 411 2 798 6 210 11 744 17 172 28 917 3 769 6 307 10 077 Other Western Europe 254 92 347 37 4 41 128-1 336-1 208 134 108 242 Unspecified Western Europe 37 3 40 53 68 121-83 654 571-77 247 171 North America 164 264 428 5 566 413 5 978 8 452 25 780 34 232 5 314 4 649 9 963 Other developed countries 444 95 539 311 445 756 360-277 83 198 278 476 Developing economies 2 727 1 260 3 987-770 1 201 431 2 861 8 897 11 758-288 6 974 6 687 Africa 13-8 5 4 21 25-27 286 259 66-50 17 Latin America and the Caribbean 2 578 934 3 513-1 156 1 344 189 2 643 7 767 10 410-816 6 459 5 643 South America 492-21 471 85 101 186 901 276 1 177 236 213 449 Unspecified Latin America and Caribbean 2 087 955 3 042-1 241 1 243 2 1 742 7 491 9 233-1 052 6 246 5 194 Asia 136 333 470 381-164 218 245 844 1 089 462 565 1 027 South, East and South-East Asia 177 317 494 41-283 - 242 227 611 838 155 238 393 Unspecified Asia - 41 17-25 340 119 459 18 233 251 307 327 634 Central and Eastern Europe 17 2 19 231 671 901 264 831 1 095 321 1 261 1 582 Source: Banque Nationale Suisse, Bulletin mensuel de statistiques économiques, various issues. Notes: For the year 1990, data for the European Union refer to the 12 member countries. Other Western Europe refers to the member countries of EFTA. Unspecified Western Europe also includes Cyprus, Malta and Turkey. Other developed countries are comprised of Australia, Japan, New Zealand and South Africa. Data for South America refer to Argentina, Chile, Brazil and Mexico. The countries in South, East and South-East Asia included here are Hong Kong (China), Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China and Thailand. Central and Eastern Europe include the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Data might differ from those in table 9 as the composition of regions is not the same. Israel and Turkey are included in the regional sub-categories Asia and Other Western Europe respectively.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 14 of 36 Table 11. FDI stocks in the host economy, by industry, 1993-2003 (Millions of Francs) Sector / industry 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total 57 277 63 827 65 651 72 596 86 618 99 101 121 561 142 055 148 887 173 085 200 159 Secondary 6 070 8 457 9 404 10 156 15 389 18 906 17 613 25 117 25 350 24 931 32 995 Chemicals and chemical products 1 065 2 447 2 372 2 333 5 108 7 816 7 389 7 447 10 307 8 579 11 686 Metal and metal products 419 378 505 414 2 173 2 524 851 3 446 3 427 3 727 4 759 Electrical and electronic equipment 3 644 4 496 4 914 5 737 6 452 6 583 5 528 9 301 7 061 8 135 9 771 Unspecified secondary 942 1 136 1 613 1 672 1 656 1 982 3 845 4 923 4 556 4 490 6 779 Tertiary 51 207 55 371 56 247 62 440 71 229 80 196 103 948 116 938 123 537 148 155 167 164 Trade 8 787 10 995 9 110 9 708 12 120 12 612 15 060 19 939 19 125 19 495 20 571 Transport, storage and communications 166 329 300 235 216 545 2 664 3 732 5 516 4 526 6 415 Finance 41 334 42 863 45 641 51 242 57 189 64 735 82 898 90 401 96 156 120 345 135 898 Financial Intermediation 40 904 42 312 44 385 49 850 54 951 60 596 73 951 84 873 91 782 116 847 131 876 Monetary intermediation 14 042 15 421 13 968 14 731 15 276 16 922 17 798 21 337 23 039 24 541 26 131 Other financial intermediation 26 863 26 891 30 416 35 119 39 675 43 674 56 153 63 536 68 743 92 306 105 745 Insurance and Pension Funding 429 552 1 257 1 392 2 238 4 139 8 947 5 528 4 375 3 498 4 022 Other services 919 1 184 1 196 1 255 1 705 2 304 3 327 2 866 2 740 3 789 4 280 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Chemicals and chemical products include plastics. Metal and metal products include machinery and equipment. Electrical and electronic equipment include energy and precision instruments. Secondary includes construction. Other financial intermediation includes financial and management holdings whose share capital is foreign-controlled.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 15 of 36 Table 12. FDI stocks in the host economy, by geographical origin, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total world 44 364 48 458 48 033 57 277 63 827 65 651 72 596 86 618 99 101 121 561 142 055 148 887 173 085 200 159 Developed countries 42 628 47 523 47 129 56 241 62 895 64 975 71 858 85 448 97 254 120 259 140 030 146 470 169 897 197 019 Western Europe 28 835 33 058 32 186 38 362 43 133 44 930 50 041 60 876 65 872 75 453 84 691 90 824 100 436 113 822 European Union 26 384 30 481 29 550 37 919 42 701 44 794 49 887 60 706 65 650 75 294 84 274 89 704 99 680 112 022 Austria - - - 211 211 357 327 370 345 550 682 780 859 897 Belgium / Luxembourg - - - 801 2 035 2 308 2 508 4 118 5 474 5 635 6 383 8 100 11 514 14 736 Belgium - - - 439 401 465 595 604 569 778 1 469 1 052 663 5 432 Luxembourg - - - 362 1 634 1 844 1 913 3 514 4 906 4 857 4 914 7 048 10 851 9 304 Denmark - - - 185 165 153 169 207 329 825 1 941 5 355 5 285 5 854 France - - - 10 160 9 532 9 894 10 483 10 306 11 891 15 362 13 524 11 364 14 145 14 868 Germany - - - 6 601 7 948 7 801 9 474 14 497 15 944 17 461 20 212 15 976 15 696 16 069 Italy - - - 5 920 5 550 5 481 4 686 4 564 5 762 5 530 7 014 5 875 6 514 6 391 Netherlands - - - 8 133 11 033 11 769 15 549 19 852 19 696 21 061 28 445 35 766 35 752 41 330 Spain - - - 240 177 183 245 254 162 491 257 524 586 630 Sweden - - - 2 783 3 157 3 503 3 867 4 010 4 089 426 531 416 1 204 1 430 United Kingdom - - - 2 860 2 696 3 073 2 260 2 092 1 751 7 596 4 825 5 161 7 820 9 262 Other Western Europe 2 451 2 577 2 636 443 432 136 154 170 222 159 417 1 120 756 1 800 North America 11 096 11 752 11 766 13 975 15 856 16 389 17 668 20 477 28 031 41 213 52 171 53 193 67 544 81 439 Canada - - - 446 330 333 285 252 197 250 2 265 1 788 1 813 1 848 United States - - - 13 530 15 526 16 056 17 383 20 225 27 834 40 963 49 906 51 405 65 731 79 591 Other developed countries 2 697 2 713 3 178 3 903 3 906 3 656 4 149 4 094 3 350 3 593 3 168 2 454 1 917 1 758 Israel - - - 363 306 397 286 332 354 741 711 764 469 487 Japan - - - 3 538 3 600 3 259 3 133 2 754 1 973 1 455 1 424 1 637 1 346 1 102 Developing economies 963 806 733 1 036 932 676 738 1 170 1 848 1 257 1 492 1 685 2 081 2 451 Africa 59 52 55 57 59 61 61 67 70 70 75 82 86 91 Latin America and the Caribbean 150 120 118 448 362 280 251 637 1 376 776 1 126 1 287 1 647 1 939 Asia 729 590 519 459 464 270 331 411 349 410 291 316 347 121 West Asia - - - 68 78 79 110 112 128 155 19 22 42 105 Turkey - - - 68 78 79 110 112 128 155 19 22 42 105 Unspecified 774 128 172 - - - - - - 45 533 733 1 107 689 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Prior to 1993, data for Austria and Sweden are included in Other Western Europe. Data for Finland are not reported separately and are included in Other Western Europe. United Kingdom includes Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. Unspecified developing countries refers to Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, Hong Kong (China), Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China and Thailand. Unspecified refers mainly to the countries in Central and Eastern Europe, Andorra, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Holy See, Monaco and San Marino. Data might differ from those presented in table 4 since data by components and those with breakdown by region/economy are revised during different periods. From 1990 to 1992, Israel and Turkey are included in the regional sub-categories Asia and Other Western Europe respectively.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 16 of 36 Table 14. FDI stocks abroad, by industry, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Sector / industry 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total 85 615 102 861 108 346 135 479 147 656 163 922 190 638 240 655 253 596 311 258 381 910 425 280 406 804 423 706 Secondary 50 543 59 543 62 268 66 593 70 857 82 087 87 266 99 617 106 858 106 978 125 393 129 068 135 664 142 827 Textiles, clothing and leather - - - 648 830 885 845 724 1 771 2 164 2 093 1 451 1 404 9 443 Chemicals and chemical products - - - 25 614 25 481 31 794 30 270 34 551 44 712 42 358 56 178 59 630 61 899 62 191 Metal and metal products - - - 9 618 10 163 10 679 11 398 14 779 17 071 17 423 17 894 20 872 20 788 20 147 Electrical and electronic equipment - - - 12 476 14 139 16 080 17 550 19 852 19 131 16 015 15 942 14 050 15 454 12 429 Unspecified secondary 50 543 59 543 62 268 18 237 20 244 22 649 27 204 29 711 24 174 29 019 33 286 33 065 36 119 38 617 Tertiary 35 073 43 318 46 077 68 886 76 800 81 835 103 372 141 038 146 738 204 280 256 518 296 212 271 140 280 879 Trade - - - 8 460 9 321 8 355 6 358 7 031 8 846 12 750 11 790 12 358 12 690 10 819 Transport, storage and communications - - - 1 627 1 968 2 410 3 519 3 000 3 253 7 009 3 571 8 118 4 168 3 847 Finance - - - 56 170 62 452 68 171 90 217 124 841 129 744 173 373 230 577 264 984 245 106 256 648 Financial Intermediation - - - 38 473 43 282 44 609 50 097 70 641 74 077 106 122 144 664 160 473 166 352 175 592 Monetary intermediation - - - 10 815 13 293 14 072 16 398 23 733 18 651 25 198 54 231 55 668 54 365 59 406 Other financial intermediation - - - 27 658 29 989 30 537 33 699 46 908 55 426 80 924 90 432 104 805 111 987 116 186 Insurance and Pension Funding - - - 17 697 19 170 23 562 40 120 54 200 55 667 67 252 85 914 104 511 78 754 81 056 Other services - - - 2 629 3 059 2 900 3 278 6 167 4 895 11 148 10 580 10 753 9 176 9 565 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Chemicals and chemical products include plastics. Metal and metal products include machinery and equipment. Electrical and electronic equipment include energy and precision instruments. Secondary includes construction. Other financial intermediation includes financial and management holdings whose share capital is foreign-controlled. Data might differ from those presented in table 4 since data by components and those with breakdown by sector/industry are revised during different periods.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 17 of 36 Table 15. FDI stocks abroad, by geographical origin, 1990-2003 (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total world 85 615 102 861 108 346 135 479 147 656 163 922 190 638 240 655 253 596 311 258 381 910 425 280 406 804 423 706 Developed countries 70 062 82 515 87 522 104 406 117 314 130 456 152 649 186 604 192 674 234 697 296 560 319 935 298 770 288 722 Western Europe 46 081 53 039 57 290 67 000 73 157 79 406 90 948 115 716 120 867 154 820 191 318 205 531 201 890 184 704 European Union 40 423 46 670 51 482 66 237 72 059 78 524 89 209 113 781 119 025 149 983 166 285 180 530 178 665 181 623 Austria - - - 2 312 2 526 2 482 2 441 2 886 3 123 4 434 4 669 4 782 4 658 5 654 Belgium - - - 3 417 3 209 3 891 3 618 3 136 3 396 4 924 11 364 10 823 11 843 13 732 Luxembourg - - - 2 829 3 285 3 454 4 568 4 383 6 005 7 849 16 646 24 501 18 746 21 556 Denmark - - - 498 799 551 613 693 632 1 187 990 1 226 1 419 1 207 Finland - - - 634 914 868 1 162 1 373 1 387 1 794 1 885 2 197 2 015 1 782 France - - - 12 593 12 849 12 542 12 839 13 923 13 640 16 594 18 795 17 495 20 155 20 254 Germany - - - 12 214 12 436 13 495 13 967 18 311 18 901 26 784 22 854 27 630 27 669 26 029 Greece - - - 316 402 417 517 573 398 2 317 1 882 1 821 1 753 2 071 Ireland - - - 1 596 1 748 2 569 4 197 6 494 5 478 10 282 12 329 10 255 6 418 6 674 Italy - - - 5 370 4 957 5 313 6 617 7 754 7 607 9 766 7 911 8 828 10 039 8 855 Netherlands - - - 7 929 9 149 11 558 11 185 16 407 16 826 18 869 20 165 17 845 19 958 18 100 Portugal - - - 449 579 663 785 961 995 1 747 1 930 1 821 2 032 1 700 Spain - - - 2 788 2 672 3 216 3 577 4 344 4 651 5 574 4 818 6 408 7 771 8 824 Sweden - - - 2 158 2 030 3 044 3 439 3 304 3 420 2 005 1 835 5 090 4 861 2 891 United Kingdom - - - 11 134 14 506 14 463 19 686 29 239 32 567 35 858 38 213 39 808 39 329 42 294 Other Western Europe 317 316 341 763 1 098 882 1 740 1 936 1 842 4 836 25 033 25 001 23 225 3 081 North America 19 456 23 659 23 710 30 488 36 967 43 936 52 586 62 761 63 934 68 986 95 975 104 742 82 219 84 557 Canada - - - 3 283 4 320 3 455 5 029 5 471 6 276 3 511 5 284 4 077 2 848 2 952 United States - - - 27 205 32 647 40 481 47 557 57 290 57 658 65 475 90 691 100 665 79 371 81 605 Other developed countries 4 525 5 817 6 522 6 918 7 190 7 115 9 114 8 127 7 874 10 892 9 268 9 662 14 661 19 461 Australia - - - 1 964 2 102 2 467 3 548 2 619 3 147 3 923 3 154 3 484 5 264 10 282 Japan - - - 3 974 4 154 3 597 4 374 3 975 3 730 5 187 4 702 4 673 7 917 7 985 New Zealand - - - 163 173 168 139 452 125 451 93 259 228 38 South Africa - - - 817 761 883 1 053 1 081 872 1 331 1 318 1 246 1 252 1 156 Developing economies 15 499 19 974 20 390 30 414 29 426 31 687 35 895 51 315 56 576 70 563 79 018 97 226 99 299 102 036 Africa 348 957 988 1 142 1 152 1 178 1 290 1 607 1 619 2 621 3 242 3 157 2 244 2 153 North Africa - - - 311 369 420 433 647 685 789 899 890 622 601 Egypt - - - 114 139 157 193 326 354 472 605 602 413 338 Morocco - - - 197 230 263 240 321 330 318 294 288 210 263 Other Africa - - - 135 126 126 162 165 127 150 128 149 88 142 Côte d'ivoire - - - 96 70 84 120 121 101 114 113 117 61 101 Nigeria - - - 40 56 42 42 44 26 35 15 31 27 41 Latin America and the Caribbean 12 828 16 037 16 207 24 146 21 780 23 740 25 746 32 559 33 872 41 844 48 876 64 902 67 041 75 491 South America 3 537 4 207 5 329 6 186 6 965 6 918 8 044 8 799 8 539 10 162 11 658 11 625 8 018 8 462 Argentina - - - 443 443 491 570 722 1 085 1 317 1 782 1 701 654 1 372 Brazil - - - 4 214 4 605 4 385 4 926 4 387 4 375 5 072 5 707 5 636 3 717 3 858 Chile - - - 413 846 903 1 170 1 442 686 828 790 831 436 579 Colombia - - - 414 439 552 471 684 974 1 166 1 092 1 151 1 245 801 Ecuador - - - 189 196 180 243 327 299 376 441 439 453 405 Peru - - - 72 76 95 116 251 192 261 310 291 262 224 Uruguay - - - 126 144 81 175 254 307 447 421 414 586 378 Venezuela - - - 315 217 232 374 732 621 696 1 116 1 163 664 845 Other Latin America and Caribbe - - - 17 971 14 395 16 472 16 883 23 443 25 116 31 224 36 373 51 719 54 349 60 801 Costa Rica - - - 96 70 120 126 188 138 180 130 158 217 402 Guatemala - - - 58 42 53 59 133 118 145 88 80 133 152 Mexico - - - 1 872 1 448 1 437 1 863 2 343 2 762 3 907 4 377 5 033 4 198 3 835 Developing Europe - - - 39 77 99 99 145 117 159 217 241 157 208 Croatia - - - 39 77 99 99 145 117 159 217 241 157 208 Asia 2 323 2 980 3 195 5 086 6 417 6 670 8 760 17 005 20 969 25 940 26 683 28 925 29 857 24 184 West Asia - - - 659 647 748 709 844 1 210 1 605 1 693 1 688 1 651 1 984 Lebanon - - - 79 77 88 115 130 120 120 104 127 0-11 Saudi Arabia - - - 218 238 191 164 230 253 323 326 224 188 243 Turkey - - - 308 271 414 359 392 725 1 019 1 050 1 010 1 042 1 126 United Arab Emirates - - - 54 61 56 72 92 114 143 213 327 421 626 South, East and South-East Asia 1 620 2 104 2 314 4 177 5 589 5 718 7 591 15 586 19 155 23 447 23 649 25 982 27 114 21 441 China - - - 80 263 474 888 1 322 1 362 1 403 1 583 2 061 1 911 2 404 Hong Kong, China - - - 1 485 2 214 1 819 1 524 2 162 2 064 2 316 2 683 2 825 2 941 3 273 India - - - 168 195 173 566 746 448 529 408 567 620 628 Indonesia - - - 201 201 261 366 302 297 391 511 627 908 781 Malaysia - - - 341 382 384 857 1 192 901 937 1 432 1 399 1 163 810 Pakistan - - - 109 84 106 127 134 118 192 211 236 260 296 /
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 18 of 36 Table 15. FDI stocks abroad, by geographical origin, 1990-2003(concluded) (Millions of Francs) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Philippines - - - 213 255 254 393 324 1 281 1 433 1 677 1 999 2 044 1 747 Republic of Korea - - - 187 213 215 323 342 692 997 1 050 831 1 122 1 133 Singapore - - - 606 749 911 1 444 8 044 10 755 13 779 12 298 13 056 14 410 8 459 Taiwan Province of China - - - 381 523 541 282 355 480 631 852 901 732 736 Thailand - - - 404 509 523 693 509 631 712 832 1 322 955 1 088 Viet Nam - - - 0 0 57 129 154 128 128 112 159 47 86 Central and Eastern Europe 55 373 434 660 917 1 780 2 094 2 736 4 345 5 998 6 332 8 119 8 626 8 867 Czech Republic - - - 234 198 831 964 1 144 1 648 1 625 1 779 1 952 2 011 1 564 Hungary - - - 137 193 205 228 285 328 868 999 1 228 660 789 Poland - - - 128 276 485 570 670 1 062 1 667 2 167 2 469 2 296 1 964 Russian Federation - - - 10 6 62 132 410 748 1 197 733 1 597 1 362 1 674 Slovakia - - - 1 119 104 108 158 103 157 147 166 180 172 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - 110 24 081 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics Notes: Data for Austria and Sweden prior to 1993, and data for Finland prior to 1995, are included in Other Western Europe. United Kingdom includes Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. Before 1993, Latin America and the Caribbean refers to Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. Unspecified Latin America and the Caribbean refers mainly to the offshore financial centres in Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Panama and St. Kitts and Nevis. Unspecified Asia includes the Pacific. Central and Eastern Europe includes Bosnia, Slovenia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Unspecified refers mainly to Andorra, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Holy See, Malta, Monaco and San Marino. Data might differ from those in table 16 as the composition of regions is not the same. They might also differ from those presented in table 4 since data by components and those with breakdown by region/economy are revised during different periods. From 1990 to 1992, Turkey is included in the regional sub-categories Other Western Europe. Israel is included in the regional sub-categories Asia.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 19 of 36 Table 16. FDI stocks abroad, by industry and geographical destination, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2001 (Millions of Swiss Francs) 1990 1995 2000 2001 Region/economy / Sector/industry Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Secondary Tertiary Total Total world 50 543 35 073 85 615 82 087 81 835 163 922 125 393 256 518 381 910 123 314 292 333 415 646 Developed countries 40 844 29 218 70 062 68 407 62 463 130 870 99 433 198 166 297 599 91 148 222 542 313 689 Western Europe 27 682 18 400 46 081 38 862 40 957 79 820 66 156 126 200 192 356 60 816 142 203 203 018 European Union 22 733 17 690 40 423 37 963 40 562 78 524 64 089 122 256 186 345 58 551 137 491 196 041 Other Western Europe 4 737 604 5 341 627 90 717 1 553 1 721 3 274 1 847 1 821 3 668 Unspecified Western Europe 212 106 317 273 306 578 514 2 223 2 737 418 2 891 3 309 North America 9 994 9 462 19 456 24 995 18 941 43 936 29 341 66 634 95 975 27 565 73 902 101 467 Other developed countries 3 169 1 356 4 525 4 549 2 565 7 115 3 936 5 332 9 268 2 767 6 437 9 204 Developing economies 9 640 5 859 15 499 12 737 18 437 31 173 23 123 54 640 77 763 29 033 64 727 93 761 Africa 280 68 348 482 695 1 178 748 2 505 3 253 771 2 357 3 128 Latin America and the Caribbean 8 040 4 788 12 828 9 112 14 628 23 740 15 094 33 784 48 877 20 192 42 411 62 603 South America 3 128 409 3 537 5 339 1 877 7 216 7 168 5 488 12 655 7 718 5 378 13 096 Unspecified Latin America and Caribbean 4 912 4 379 9 290 3 773 12 750 16 524 7 926 28 296 36 222 12 474 37 033 49 507 Asia 1 321 1 002 2 323 3 143 3 114 6 256 7 281 18 351 25 633 8 070 19 959 28 030 South, East and South-East Asia 841 778 1 620 1 915 2 733 4 647 4 258 16 567 20 825 4 328 18 048 22 377 Unspecified Asia 479 224 704 1 228 381 1 609 3 023 1 784 4 808 3 742 1 911 5 653 Central and Eastern Europe 59-4 55 944 935 1 879 2 837 3 712 6 549 3 132 5 064 8 196 Source: Banque Nationale Suisse,Bulletin mensuel de statistiques économiques, various issues. Notes: For the year 1990, data for the European Union refer to the 12 member countries. Other Western Europe refers to the member countries of EFTA. Unspecified Western Europe also includes Cyprus, Malta and Turkey. Other developedcountries are comprised of Australia, Japan, New Zealand and South Africa. Data for South America refer to Argentina, Chile, Brazil and Mexico. The countries in South, East and South-East Asia included here are Hong Kong (China), Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China and Thailand. Central and Eastern Europe include the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Data might differ from those in table 15 as the composition of regions is not the same. They might also differ from those presented in table 4 since data by components and those with breakdown by regions are revised during different periods. Israel and Turkey are included in the regional sub-categories Asia and Other Western Europe respectively.
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 20 of 36 Table 32. Employment of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad, 1990-2003 (Thousands of employees) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total world 1 012.6 1 076.3 1 086.7 1 336.7 1 395.6 1 431.2 1 455.0 1 569.0 1 611.9 1 641.0 1 763.0 1 725.2 1 832.7 1 808.3 Developed countries 829.9 873.1 874.2 1 056.6 1 062.6 1 046.5 1 034.3 1 104.8 1 133.4 1 158.2 1 245.1 1 202.6 1 241.9 1 191.3 Western Europe 579.9 597.6 603.5 747.7 728.9 718.8 713.8 762.6 791.8 794.1 825.4 782.8 814.2 768.4 European Union 468.7 493.1 503.1 733.9 713.6 703.6 698.7 748.2 778.5 780.8 811.1 768.1 801.5 759.2 Austria - - - 41.6 43.5 41.9 38.2 40.1 27.8 33.0 35.7 34.9 34.7 34.5 Belgium - - - 28.1 26.0 26.6 25.1 25.2 25.1 25.9 30.4 23.1 23.5 22.9 Denmark - - - 8.0 11.7 11.0 11.4 12.2 11.4 11.2 10.4 14.8 14.2 11.7 Finland - - - 10.1 10.4 14.0 12.4 13.6 13.8 13.6 14.8 15.7 15.9 12.0 France - - - 128.5 129.0 122.6 136.3 131.3 121.4 132.4 134.4 137.4 149.6 158.7 Germany - - - 224.5 211.1 204.1 188.6 231.7 268.1 249.2 254.0 215.7 225.6 218.4 Greece - - - 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.3 6.0 8.4 8.4 9.1 8.8 9.3 9.9 Ireland - - - 3.1 3.2 4.4 3.5 4.0 4.3 5.3 4.8 6.1 5.4 5.2 Italy - - - 67.3 61.2 60.4 56.1 63.4 56.8 58.6 62.6 64.6 63.9 62.3 Luxembourg - - - 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 Netherlands - - - 28.0 29.5 28.2 29.9 30.4 32.4 31.4 30.6 27.9 34.4 35.4 Portugal - - - 8.7 11.8 11.4 10.2 10.4 9.3 10.2 10.0 10.2 9.9 9.4 Spain - - - 50.4 37.4 40.4 44.6 46.1 45.6 44.4 56.7 58.8 59.5 49.2 Sweden - - - 37.3 40.3 40.3 40.7 38.0 37.1 32.6 29.6 28.3 27.1 21.3 United Kingdom - - - 91.3 90.9 90.5 93.9 94.1 115.3 122.2 125.4 119.6 126.1 105.8 Other Western Europe 5.2 4.5 4.8 13.9 15.3 15.2 15.1 14.4 13.3 13.3 14.3 14.7 12.7 9.2 North America 188.4 211.5 210.4 241.7 257.5 245.9 238.6 256.4 268.2 291.2 341.9 339.8 335.9 327.8 Canada...... 25.8 26.0 27.4 25.3 27.4 26.7 28.0 34.8 28.9 29.7 30.8 United States...... 216.0 231.4 218.5 213.4 229.0 241.4 263.2 307.1 311.0 306.2 297.0 Other developed countries 61.6 64.0 60.3 67.1 76.2 81.8 81.9 85.8 73.5 72.8 77.9 79.9 91.8 95.1 Australia...... 21.3 22.0 24.6 25.2 22.8 27.3 24.7 26.7 25.0 26.5 28.2 Japan...... 21.7 29.4 28.0 27.8 23.4 21.7 24.1 28.1 29.3 35.7 35.1 New Zealand...... 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.6 8.3 4.0 3.2 3.4 4.3 3.7 3.6 South Africa...... 20.7 21.6 25.6 25.3 31.2 20.4 20.9 19.7 21.3 25.9 28.1 Developing economies 176.7 190.9 193.3 248.2 292.9 326.4 357.0 395.4 403.9 411.9 436.1 438.3 464.7 486.8 Africa 14.5 17.4 20.7 25.5 27.5 24.4 29.2 32.1 42.8 38.4 43.6 42.4 45.3 46.1 North Africa - - - 11.1 9.2 9.6 9.7 12.4 13.4 11.9 11.9 11.5 11.3 11.0 Egypt - - - 8.1 5.6 6.3 6.0 8.2 9.8 8.4 8.5 8.3 8.0 7.8 Morocco - - - 3.0 3.6 3.3 3.6 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3 Other Africa - - - 6.6 5.7 6.6 9.9 9.8 8.6 7.7 9.7 6.4 8.6 8.6 Côte d'ivoire - - - 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 Nigeria - - - 5.4 4.5 5.3 8.0 7.8 6.0 5.5 6.8 3.9 6.3 6.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 90.7 95.1 97.5 125.9 137.8 144.7 147.2 150.1 151.7 164.2 162.2 161.8 160.2 180.2 South America 69.8 72.8 71.4 96.8 108.9 112.5 116.5 114.5 113.0 120.3 120.0 118.7 117.8 139.9 Argentina - - - 9.0 8.6 9.8 9.6 10.9 12.0 13.0 13.4 12.4 12.9 13.9 Brazil - - - 56.3 64.0 67.4 69.8 63.9 67.6 72.3 72.9 70.0 70.7 87.1 Chile - - - 9.4 12.4 13.0 13.2 13.2 10.6 9.8 9.6 9.4 8.8 13.4 Colombia - - - 7.6 9.1 9.1 9.1 10.0 7.3 8.5 8.4 9.1 7.7 7.8 Ecuador - - - 2.6 4.1 3.4 4.5 4.5 2.9 3.4 3.3 3.8 4.1 4.3 Peru - - - 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.3 4.3 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.1 4.7 4.8 Uruguay - - - 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 Venezuela - - - 9.6 8.2 6.8 7.2 7.4 8.1 8.5 7.8 8.9 8.1 8.0 Other Latin America and Caribbean - - - 26.5 26.3 29.0 27.5 32.5 35.4 38.2 37.2 37.8 36.8 36.1 Costa Rica - - - 2.0 2.4 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.1 Guatemala - - - 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 Mexico - - - 19.5 19.6 21.2 20.3 23.3 25.2 27.7 27.5 26.5 26.3 26.3 Developing Europe - - - 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.3 Croatia - - - 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.3 Asia 71.5 78.4 75.1 94.4 125.2 154.4 177.7 210.5 206.8 207.1 227.4 230.9 256.2 257.2 West Asia - - - 10.1 12.2 12.3 12.9 13.5 14.7 15.2 14.3 14.7 16.2 15.8 Lebanon - - - 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 Saudi Arabia - - - 2.5 3.2 2.5 3.2 2.5 3.3 2.9 2.7 3.5 3.8 3.6 Turkey - - - 5.4 6.0 6.3 6.9 8.5 9.1 10.2 9.8 9.3 9.8 8.9 United Arab Emirates - - - 1.0 2.1 2.3 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.9 2.6 South, East and South-East Asia 28.7 31.9 35.5 80.9 108.8 137.3 155.5 184.3 180.2 178.4 198.7 200.7 224.8 226.3 China - - - 4.0 8.6 16.5 24.3 29.3 32.8 37.5 40.3 40.5 54.5 60.2 Hong Kong, China - - - 10.0 12.5 13.3 13.3 14.9 14.3 14.0 15.3 14.9 16.6 17.1 India - - - 12.3 12.3 21.4 22.8 24.5 21.6 19.4 20.1 20.3 21.0 21.5 Indonesia - - - 4.7 6.0 8.5 10.6 13.1 10.0 10.0 11.4 10.8 13.4 12.9 Malaysia - - - 8.5 12.8 14.6 15.2 18.3 16.0 13.0 19.0 18.6 21.0 20.0 Pakistan - - - 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.1 3.5 4.3 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.6 Philippines - - - 7.3 10.6 11.7 12.5 13.6 13.3 13.1 12.6 13.0 13.3 12.2 Republic of Korea - - - 3.6 4.1 4.4 3.6 4.1 4.0 4.7 5.4 5.3 6.2 6.6 Singapore - - - 7.9 7.6 8.6 9.4 19.7 18.9 19.1 20.3 18.9 21.0 16.7 Taiwan Province of China - - - 3.1 5.9 6.9 7.2 7.2 10.4 9.9 10.0 10.5 10.2 11.1 Thailand - - - 16.2 24.2 26.3 31.1 30.9 30.7 28.2 34.3 37.0 36.1 35.2 Viet Nam - - - 0.1 1.3 1.8 2.0 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.2 5.7 6.2 7.4 /
UNCTAD WID Country Profile: SWITZERLAND Page 21 of 36 Table 32. Employment of foreign affiliates of home-based TNCs, by industry abroad, 1990-2003(concluded) (Thousands of employees) Country / economy 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Central and Eastern Europe 6.0 12.3 19.2 31.9 40.2 58.4 63.7 68.7 74.7 70.9 81.8 84.3 124.3 128.4 Czech Republic - - - 14.5 12.3 20.2 22.9 19.7 18.8 16.0 18.0 19.1 20.4 20.9 Hungary - - - 4.5 7.6 7.4 6.6 10.8 9.7 9.6 11.5 11.7 12.9 12.2 Poland - - - 5.8 9.6 16.7 19.3 20.3 23.2 19.9 22.9 19.9 21.2 20.9 Russian Federation - - - 1.4 2.1 4.1 4.8 6.4 8.8 9.7 10.9 12.3 37.6 41.2 Slovakia - - - 0.0 2.0 2.8 2.7 4.0 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.4 4.2 4.1 Unspecified - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.8 1.8 Source: Swiss National Bank, Statistics - 2003 Notes: Chemicals and chemical products include plastics. Metal and metal products include machinery and equipment. Electrical and electronic equipment include energy. Unspecified secondary includes construction. Other financial intermediation includes financial and management