Current Status of Overseas FCV Demonstration Shoji Tange JARI FC-EV Center
Contents Status of FCV Demonstration Tests Status of FCB Demonstration Tests Hydrogen Network Concept Summary
Status of FCV Demonstration Tests North America CaFCP, DOE, VFCVP Europe CEP, Zero-Regio Asia Pacific Sinergy, EV863
CaFCP Participating FCVs D/C F-Cell Ford Focus Honda FCX VW Touran HyMotion Nissan X-TRAIL Current Santa Fe GM HydroGen3 Toyota FCHV
Current Status of CaFCP As of March end, 2005 Participating members Participating vehicles Total operation distance Hydrogen stations Refueling Visitors to H.Q. Visitors from abroad 32 corporations 21 full members 92 models including 5 FC buses More than 370,000 miles More than 590 000 km 17 stations More than 4800 times More than 700,000 people More than 5,300 people from over 20 countries
CaFCP Out-reach Activities Road Rally, etc.
CaFCP Emergency Training
Outline of DOE Fleet Test / Validation Program Name Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Program Period Budget 2004 to 2008 (5 years) 190 million dollars Cost share Participating method DOE 50 /Private companies 50 Car manufacturers and energy companies should be tied up to form a basic team, then have FC supply company and universities, etc. participate to form a project team for implementing activities.
DOE Fleet Test / Validation Program Car manufacturers DaimlerChrysler Ford GM Currently No. of cars scheduled to participate 36 cars 26 cars 40 cars 32 cars Hydrogen stations 3 regions, 8 stations 3 regions, 7 stations 5 regions, 7 stations 2 regions, 6 stations Toyota, Nissan, Honda, BMW FCV (65 cars) H2 vehicle (15 cars) (3 regions, 24 stations) Announced on April 26, 2004. As of the end of January 2006, participation of Japanese manufacturers is unclear
Shell Hydrogen Station in Washington DC Open: November 10, 2004 Attached to a gasoline station and high pressure hydrogen/liquid hydrogen
Data Acquisition & Analysis Items A. Critical Program Metrics: 1. Fuel Cell Durability, Actual vs. DOE Targets, All OEM s 2. Vehicle Ranges, Actual vs. DOE Targets, All OEM s 3. H2 Production Cost. Actuals/Projections vs. DOE Targets B. Composite Performance Tracking: <Vehicles> 4. Reliability (FC system & Powertrain, MTBF) 5. Start Times vs. DOE Target 6. Fuel Economy: Dyno, On-Road 7. Normalized Vehicle Fuel Economy 8. Fuel Cell System Efficiency 9. Safety Incidents Vehicle Operation 10. Weight Hydrogen 11. Energy Density of Hydrogen Strage 12. Vehicle Hydrogen Tank Cycle Life Hydrogen Infrastructure 13. H2 Production Efficiency vs. Process 14. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Efficiencies 15. H2 Production Cost vs. Process 16. H2 Purity vs. Production Process 17. Hydrogen Impurities Range for Production Process A 18. Histogram: Refilling Rate 19. Average Maintenance Hours Scheduled &Unscheduled 20. Safety Incidents Infrastructure C.High Level Program Progress: Vehicles 21. Range of Actual Ambient Temperatures During Vehicle Operation All Vehicle Teams 22. Histogram: # Vehicles vs. Operating Hours to Date 23. Histogram: #Vehicles vs. Miles Traveled to Date 24. Cumulative Vehicle Miles Traveled All Teams 25. Progression of Low to High Pressure On-board H2 Storage Hydrogen infrastructure 26. Cumulative Hydrogen Production All Teams
Outline of VFCVP Vehicle Ford Focus FCV 4 vehicles Test start Cruising place Budget Participant From March 2005 5 years Vancouver, Victoria, Whistler 8 million Canadian dollars / 5 years FC Canada, Ford, NRCan, NRC-IFCI, British Columbia State government
Outline of CEP Project Test location Test vehicle Station Period Budget Management organization Berlin Hydrogen-powered vehicles (FCV, Hydrogen vehicle) One hydrogen station Hydrogen production with renewable energy 2003 to 2006 4 years 25M Euros Approx. 3 billion yen Shared equally by German Ministry of Transportation and participating companies Committee and Working Group
Participating Vehicles in CEP Project Total 16 cars
Hydrogen Station in Berlin Open: November 21, 2004 Attached to gasoline stations and a convenience store High pressure hydrogen/liquid hydrogen
Rhein Main (Germany)
Outline of Sinergy Project Test period Test vehicle Hydrogen Stations Budget Participating agencies July 2004 - June 2006 (2 years) FCV (Lease cost US 60,000/year) 6 vehicles 2 stations (Offsite natural gas reforming and onsite water electrolysis) US 28M Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB) Ministry of Environment (ENV) and Land Transport Authority (LTA)
Singapore BP Hydrogen Station Attached to gas stations and a convenience store
Outline of EV 863 Project Implementation period Implementing government Test vehicles 2001 2005 MOST (Ministry of Science & Technology) EV, HEV, FCV Budget US 110M (FCB US 40M) Reference 973 Project (Fundamental R&D)
Status of FCB Demonstration Tests North America CaFCP Europe CUTE/ECTOS HyFLEET:CUTE Asia Pacific STEP, GEF-UNDP
VTA FC Bus Program FC Bus FC stack Secondary battery Fuel No. of buses Start of test Budget Related governments Gillig low floor bus PEFC made by Ballard None Compressed hydrogen 3 units August 2004 ~ US $ 36.9 M DOE, DOT, CEC, CARB, NREL, etc.
AC Transit FC Bus Program Bus FC stack Secondary battery Fuel No. of buses Performance Start of test Van Hool 40-feet low floor bus 120kW PEFC made by UTC-FC Zebra battery Compressed hydrogen 3 units Maximum speed : 65mph, Driving range : 250 miles September 2005 (2 years)~
AC Transit Hydrogen Station 2005.11.21 Natural gas reforming type (ChevronTexaco)
CUTE & ECTOS Implementation Countries/Cities ECTOS Ecological City Transport System No. of FCV : 3 vehicles Country Iceland CUTE Clean Urban Transport for Europe No. of FCV 27 vehicles Cities Stockholm (Sweden) London (England) Amsterdam Netherlands Hamburg Germany Stuggart Germany Luxembourg Luxembourg Madrid Spain Barcelona Spain Port Portugal
Hydrogen Supply Facilities Implementation City Energy source Hydrogen production method Amsterdam Netherlands Waste incineration power generation Barcelona Spain Solar energy generation purchased electricity Hamburg Germany Wind power generation Onsite electrolysis Stockholm Sweden Hydraulic power generation Reykjavik Iceland Geothermal generation hydraulic power generation London England Crude oil Production at petroleum refinery Madrid Stuggart Spain Germany Natural gas Onsite steam reforming Luxembourg Port Luxembourg Portugal Electricity Power Purchased Electrolysis at plant
Madrid FC Bus Maintenance Shop September 2004
CUTE / ECTOS FC Bus Operation Situation End of July, 2005 Total operation distance Total operation hours Total hydrogen consumption Total passengers More than 850,000 km More than 60,000 hours More than 120t Approx. 2,500,000 people
CUTE Bus Monthly Operation Distance
CUTE Bus Fuel Consumption September 24, 2004
00:00 Data during Hydrogen Refueling in Madrid 350 300 Pressure Pressure (bar) 250 200 150 100 Pr. on storage (bar) Pr on dispenser (bar) Pr. on board (bar) 50 Flow Rate Temperature H2 Flow (kg/min) - mass filled (kg) Temperature (ºC) 400 36 32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 700 65 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 60 55 Fill time (minutes) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 Fill time (minutes) Fill flow (kg/min) Mass filled (kg) T on dispenser T1 on board T2 on board
Lighthouse Projects (HyFleet CUTE) Buses Cars Mini:Transport HyFLEET:CUTE ZERO REGIO HyCHAIN HyLights Monitoring and Preparation of «Lighthouse projects»
Outline of STEP Project Test period Operation city Test vehicle Station Budget Participating agency September 2004 - December 2006 Perth, Western Australia FCB (FC bus) : 3 units 1 (By-product hydrogen from oil refinery) AU $ 15M (Approx. US $ 12M) Western Australian Dept. of Planning and Infrastructure
FCB Demo Project GEF GEF-UNDP Test period Operation cities No. of test vehicles Total operation distance Hydrogen Stations Budget Participating agencies 2003-2008 Beijing, Shanghai Each 6 Buses (Total 12 Buses) 1600,000km 2 stations (One each in Beijing and Shanghai) US 32M MOST (Ministry of Science & Technology) and United Nations Development Program GEF-UNDP
FC City BUS in Beijing Hydrogen Park To be set up in three locations (Beijing, Shanghai, Dalian)
Hydrogen Highway Network US (California) Canada (British Columbia, Toronto areas) Norway (Oslo - Stavanger) Europe (Hydrogen pipeline)
California Hydrogen Highway Network Phase Hydrogen station FCV & H2 Vehicle (LDT) FCV & H2 Vehicle (HDT) Applied to stationary and offroad 50~100 2,000 10 5 Target Estimated 250 (Initial use) 10,000 100 60 250 (Expanded use) 20,000 300 400 Calif.H2 Blueprint (2005.5)
Canada Hydrogen Highway Whistler Vancouver Victoria
Norway Hydrogen Highway Project
Data acquisition Summary - 1 Driving distance, operation time, hydrogen consumption quantity Temperature, pressure in hydrogen tank and flow rate Various troubles (vehicles, FC system, hydrogen station) Consideration with the greatest care to disclosure of confidential data (HSDC, FC Bus Club) Out-reach Activities Enthusiastic activities participated by media and government related personnel Road rallies Emergency training taking into account hydrogen safety Active use of websites
Hydrogen Stations Set up in city centers Many stations attached to gasoline stations Refueling of both high pressure hydrogen and liquid hydrogen Active participation BP and Shell Unmanned station operation Summary - 2 Hydrogen production by renewable energy and water electrolysis Hydrogen network concept aiming at hydrogen economy Garage and Maintenance Shops Simple-structured garage and maintenance shops Utilization of existing bus carparks