Comparison of IG Testing Standard IGMA Summer Meeting August 8, 2004 1
The Task Compare the new Harmonized standards to: Old ASTM stds. Canadian stds. CEN stds. (Europe) ISO std. (proposed) 2
The Standards Old: ASTM E773, E1887, E774 Old: CAN 12.8 New: (HIGS) ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Europe: EN 1279 parts 1-6 ISO: DIS 20492 (draft standard) 3
Comparison of Standards In depth comparison: North American Standards Old ASTM, CAN 12.8, New ASTM (HIGS) Overview: European (CEN) World (ISO) 4
Basic Format of IG Standards 1) Accelerated Weathering Tests o o High Humidity phase Weather Cycling phase 2) Chemical Fogging Tests 3) Specimens 4) Evaluation Criteria 5) Argon/Gas Fill Tests 5 6) Physical Attributes (CEN only) 7) Evaluation of Conformity (CEN only) 8) Factory Production Control and Periodic Tests (CEN only)
North American Comparison: High Humidity Phase 6 Purpose: Force moisture into seals Basic differences: Essentially the same equipment CAN12.8 cycles, Old ASTM and HIGS do not Old ASTM and HIGS have 50% more time in box CAN12.8 uses separate specimens for high humidity phase and weather cycling phase. Old ASTM and HIGS use same specimens
High Humidity Chamber HIGS and Old ASTM (no cycling, constant %RH) CAN 12.8 (w/ cycling, constant water spray) 7
North American Comparison: High Humidity Phase High Humidity Test Old ASTM Canadian Standards HIGS ASTM E773, E1887, E774 CAN 12.8 ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Chamber Type Full Immersion (Cycled in Weather Phase) Full Immersion (w/cycling) Full Immersion (Cycled in Weather Phase) Max temp. 60+/- 3 C 55+/- 3 C 60+/- 3 C Min. temp. (Constant Temperature) 22+/- 3 C (Constant Temperature) %RH 95% +/-5% Constant Water Spray 95% +/-5% Number of Cycles n/a 224 n/a Cycle Time n/a 180 min. n/a Total Time 42 days (14 [C], +14 [B] +14 [A] 28 days** 42 days (14 days + 28 days) 8
North American Comparison: Weather Cycling Phase Purpose: Simulate weather cycling effects (cold/hot extremes + moisture) Basic differences: Essentially the same equipment Old ASTM and HIGS have UV, CAN 12.8 does not CAN12.8 uses separate specimens for high humidity phase and weather cycling phase. Old ASTM and HIGS use same specimens CAN12.8 has more cycles (320 v. 252), Old ASTM and HIGS have more time under test (63 v. 53.3 days) 9
Weather Cycling Chamber (Old ASTM, HIGS, CAN 12.8) 10
Weather Cycling Chamber (Old ASTM, HIGS, CAN 12.8) 11
Weather Cycling Chamber (Old ASTM, HIGS, CAN 12.8) 12
North American Comparison: Weather Cycling Phase Weather Cycling Phase Old ASTM Canadian Standards HIGS ASTM E773, E1887, E774 CAN 12.8 ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Chamber Type Wall Mounted Samples Wall Mounted Samples Wall Mounted Samples High Temp. 57+/-3C 50+/-3C 60+/-3C Low Temp. -30+/-3C -32+/-3C -29+/-3C UV Source F72T12BL/HO None F72T12BL/HO UV Output 10 W/m² n/a 10 W/m² Moisture ½ hr. spray 5 min. spray 1 hr. spray Time Per Cycle 6 hr. 4 hr. 6 hr. # of Cycles 252 320 252 13 Total Time 63 days 53.3 days 63 days
North American Comparison: Fogging Tests Purpose: Determine if IG components will out-gas and cause a visible fog in the unit. Basic differences: All 3 tests use UV and high temperature Old ASTM has higher UV output, but only one corner specimen sees high temp. and UV (not in a box) HIGS and CAN 12.8 immerses specimens in box for UV and heat exposure CAN12.8 uses a 10 degree higher temp. (60 vs. 50 C) Old ASTM and HIGS use stricter evaluation criteria for viewing fog (arms length vs. 2 meters from a light box) 14
Fogging Test (ASTM E1887 -Old) 15
Fogging Test (ASTM E1887 -Old) 16
Fogging Test (HIGS, CAN 12.8) 17
North American Comparison: Fogging Tests Fog Test Old ASTM Canadian Standards HIGS ASTM E773, E1887, E774 CAN 12.8 ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Type Corner UV Exposure Full Immersion Box Full Immersion Box Glass Temp. at Corner 65C +/- 3C (at corner only) 60 +/-3C 50+/-3C Glass Temp Other Locations 24 C Min. 60+/-3C (Full Immersion) 50 +/-3C Cooling Plate Temp. 21 +/-3C 22 +/-3C 21 +/-3C Cooling Plate Area 0.016m² (127x127mm) 0.018m² (150mm dia) 0.018m² (150mm dia) UV Lamp Osram Ultra Vitalux 300w Osram Ultra Vitalux 300w Osram Ultra Vitalux 300w Lamp Output 2.0 mw/cm² @ glass surface [2000μW/cm²] 0.4 mw/cm² @ 300nm [400μW/cm²] 400μW/cm² @ 355nm 18
North American Comparison: Specimens Basic differences: Effectively none Same constructions Same dimensions (effectively) More specimens in CAN 12.8 (separate specimens for High Humidity and Weather Cycling) 19
North American Comparison: Specimens Specimens Old ASTM Canadian Standards HIGS ASTM E773, E1887, E774 CAN 12.8 ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Width 356 +/- 6mm 350 +/-5mm 355 +/-6mm Height 508 +/-6mm 500 +/-5mm 505 +/- 6mm Construction (2 pane) 4/12/4 4/12/4 4/12/4 Construction (3 pane) 4/6/4/6/4 4/6/4/6/4 4/6/4/6/4 Number for Weather Cycling 6 4 6 Number for High Humidity 6 (from Weathering Cycling) 8 (different from weather cycling) 6 (from Weathering Cycling) Number for Fog 2 2 2 20
North American Comparison: Evaluation Criteria Basic differences: CAN 12.8 and HIGS require lower frost/dew point (-40 v. -29 C) Fog rating at arms length for Old ASTM and HIGS, 2m for CAN 12.8 CAN 12.8 and HIGS have single rating Old ASTM multiple (C, B, and A) ratings. 21
North American Comparison: Evaluation Criteria Evaluation Criteria US Standards Canadian Standards HIGS ASTM E773, E1887, E774 CAN 12.8 ASTM E2188, E2189, E2190 Frost Point Test E546 w/dry Ice Brass Cup w/dry Ice & Alcohol E546 w/dry Ice Max. Frost Point -29 C -40 C -40 C Visible Fog No Fog at Arms Length No Fog at 2m Normal to View Box No Fog at Arms Length Overall Rating C, B, or A single single 22
North American Comparison: Argon/Gas Fill Tests 23 Not available in old ASTM Work is progressing on HIGS ASTM has GC test method (E2269) Developing O 2 Analyzer and Non-Invasive (Gas/Glass ) Methods In the US: IGCC currently monitors initial fill on volunteer basis In Canada: CAN 12.8 has minimum initial fill requirement and post weathering testing. National Building Code of Canada now recognizes HIGS and has provisions for Argon testing similar to CAN 12.8.
North American Comparison: Summary Harmonization Goal: Provide new standards with relative equivalence to the current standards in both countries. Give and Take Approach Some aspects in each standard are stricter, but on the whole, equivalence was achieved. HIGS equivalent to CAN12.8, and Old ASTM (Class A) Comparative Testing evaluated 4 different sealant systems. All 3 standards were able to differentiate good from bad products. 24
CEN Comparison 25 Standard EN1279- (6 parts) Glass in Buildings, Insulating Glass Units Part 1: Generalities, Dimensional Tolerances, and Rules for System Description Part 2: Long Term Test Method and Requirements for Moisture Penetration Part 3: Long Term Test Method and Requirements for Gas Leakage Rate and for Gas Concentration Tolerances Part 4: Methods of Test for Physical Attributes of Edge Seals Part 5: Evaluation of Conformity Part 6: Factory Production Control & Periodic Tests
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 1 Generalities, Dimensional Tolerances, and Rules for System Description Describes: Materials used in the IG Rules for describing the IG Dimensional Tolerances for the IG (Similar to descriptions used by IGCC) 26
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 2 Long Term Test Method and Requirements for Moisture Penetration Describes: Weather Cycling and High RH Testing (w/o UV) Similar to Weather Cycling test of CAN 12.8, Old ASTM, and HIGS 56 weather cycles, 4 weeks at 53 C to -18 C Constant high heat/humidity, 58 C, 7 weeks No UV Requirement: Penetration Index, I <.20 27
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 2 Penetration Index, I Definition: The amount of drying capacity consumed after standardised ageing conditions I = T T f T i, av T cav, iav, = Moisture Ingress from Testing Available Initial Desiccant Cap. Requirement: Penetration Index, I <.20 28
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 3 Long Term Test Method and Requirements for Gas Leakage Rate and For Gas Concentration Tolerances Describes: Gas leakage rate, L i Measured at 20 C, with GC Expose to Part 2 climate tests, but at shorter durations Requirement: Gas Leakage Rate, < 1% per year Similar to DIN 52293: Full Container, or Ring Container 29
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 3 Test Apparatus Options: 1 Full Container 2 Ring container 30 (Similar to DIN 52293)
31 CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 4 Methods of Test for Physical Attributes of Edge Seals Describes: 1. Edge Seal Strength (coupon tests) Initial cure 7 day 60 C exposure 7 day water exposure 4 day UV exposure 2. Permeation through Sealants (for sealant and coating substitution) MVTR Gas Permeation Rate Requirements: Edge Seal must fail above Stress/Strain line (0.50 MPa and 50%) Permeation rates < initial sealant
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 5 Evaluation of Conformity Describes: Certification Protocol for CE-Marking and compliance to EU Construction Products Directive (CPD) Requirements: Factory Production Control Plan Inspection of Samples taken at Factory Initial Type Testing 3 rd Party, initial Inspection (if necessary) 3 rd Party, continuous surveillance (if necessary) Marking and Labeling 32
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 6 Factory Production Control & Periodic Tests Describes: The Production Control requirements in detail Periodic Testing (Mandatory and Optional) Production Control Requirements: Organization Empower personnel to take action to prevent problems and record Assign one Responsible Person (one) Periodic Management Review Quality System Personnel Documentation Calibrated Test Equipment Inspection and Testing Quality Contracts (ISO 9000 or 9001 system will comply) 33
CEN Comparison: EN1279-Part 6 (cont d) Factory Production Control & Periodic Tests Periodic tests Mandatory tests: Tightness of seal Moisture Penetration Gas Leakage (when applicable) Gas Concentration (when applicable) Fogging (choice of 3 tests: CAN 12.8, Old ASTM, Radiation Wall) Optional Tests: Sealant Mixing Sealant Hardness Adhesion Volatile Test Tightness of hollow spacer Leaded Light Strip Desiccant Capacity check 34
ISO Comparison: DIS 20492, parts1-4 35 Specific Aim: To accommodate the differences in the variety of methods used by various countries To Create one standard to be used globally Users: industry, consumers, and specifiers Issues: Markets and products differ in various regions Rebate sizes, vision lines, and methods of application vary Exclusion of products from the market place if only one approach is adopted. CE-marking is required in Europe Result: One standard with more than one approach included Initially: HIGS and CEN
ISO Comparison: DIS 20492, parts1-4 Standard DIS 20492 - (4 parts) Glass in Buildings, Insulating Glass Units Part 1:Durability of Edge Seals by Climate Tests Part 2: Chemical Fogging Tests Part 3: Gas Concentration and Gas Leakage Part 4: Methods of Test for the Physical Attributes of Edge Seals 36
ISO Comparison: DIS 20492, parts1-4 37 Similar Document Format to EN-1279 2 Approaches: Approach #1: Similar to North America (HIGS) Approach #2: Similar to Europe (CEN) Part 1:Durability of Edge Seals by Climate Tests Combines ASTM E2188 with EN 1279-2 Part 2: Chemical Fogging Tests Combines ASTM E2189 with EN 1279-6, Annex C Part 3: Gas Concentration and Gas Leakage Combines CAN 12.8 section 3.6.3 with EN 1279-3 Part 4: Methods of Test for the Physical Attributes of Edge Seals EN 1279-4 (Not required for Approach #1) No sections on production control or conformity
ISO Comparison: DIS 20492, parts1-4 Development Status: Parts 1 & 2 out for ballot in Aug. 2004 Parts 3 & 4 out for ballot by end of 2004 Future: Add approaches for higher temperature applications More consolidation of approaches 38
Final Summary Points: 39 HIGS: Equivalent to CAN12.8, and Old ASTM (Class A) Gas Concentration and Gas Loss in development CEN: Some tests similar to HIGS More emphasis on component testing Contains certification requirements conformity production control Very little UV testing ISO Combines HIGS and CEN in separate approaches Omits Conformity and Production Control Other approaches can be added