Civitas Forum,Torres Vedras, 27 th Sep 2017 Putting electric buses at the core of public transport Aida Abdulah UITP R&I
Decarbonasing public transport Quality of life of citizens ensuring quality of service to passengers Accessible, Comfortable, Cleaner Vehicles Improved commercial speed PT Dedicated Infrastructure Traffic & operations management Efficient Combined Mobility Smart use of energy in vehicles Modal shift 2
Evolution of bus fleets Future fleet Bus fleet breakdown per fuel or energy used + 41,5% Respondents distribution according to future plans to change propulsion system ratio 3
Urban bus market share projections by propulsion technology 120% Clean Diesel Diesel-Hybrids Electric (trolley, plug-in hybrids, battery, opportunity) Electric (Fuel Cells) CNG/Biogas 100% 80% Bus contribution to urban pollution must be calculated per passenger per km 60% 40% In Europe today 79% of buses are diesel 45% - Euro III or older = main issue 20% Renewal of old-bus fleets towards Euro VI has important effects 0% 2020 2025 2030 4
ZeEUS: Advancing ebus deployment 40 Consortium Partners 20 User Group Members 50 Observatory Members 22.5 M EU funding 13.5 M 10 cities ~100 ebuses A set of tools and guidelines to assist bus stakeholders in ebus deployment 5
ZeEUS Core Demo Cities STOCKHOLM 8 plug-in hybrid VOLVO 12m LONDON 3 plug-in hybrid Double deck Alexander Dennis EINDHOVEN 43 full electric VDL 18m BONN 6 full electric BOZANKAYA 12m PARIS 10+ full electric BOLLORE 12m BARCELONA 2 full electric IRIZAR 12 m 2 full electric Solaris 18m WARSAW 10 full electric SOLARIS 12m PLZEN 2 full electric SKODA 12m CAGLIARI 12 m Battery Trolleys 4 VOSSLOH /VAN HOOL 2 SOLARIS MÜNSTER 5 full electric VDL 12m 6
Top Challenges to be addressed High upfront cost More challenging operation New ways to procure - Vehicles & equipments - Operation services Standardisation & Interoperability Reinforcing cooperation energy/bus 7
High upfront cost ebus = 2 x the price of a conventional bus (battery = 45% cost) Charging infrastructure cost and installation Fast charging infrastructure Or more buses (spare) Local Depreciation rules Very local TCO models Different maintenance cost 8
Challenging Operation Service Design according to today s reliability of the technology ebus performance = conventional bus performance? A good analysis of the operational needs is key Define the right type of ebus solution for the operational needs A chosen technology performs well if put in its best operational conditions Source: EBSF Project (DG-R&I) Study by VDV and Prof. Dr. Ralph Pütz (Landshut University) 9
Procurement & Contracts Functions sharing between stakeholders Project governance including ALL actors with a clear definition of roles & responsibilities: PTA, PTO, Industry, Grid Owner, Electricity Supplier, etc. Who pays? At what cost? Who owns rolling stock/infra? Embrace the system approach UITP Tender Structure document can be a basis Service/operation provider contract length & extensions Equipment ownership: what happens at the end of a contract? Modelling the tender evaluation criteria Think about decommissioning of harmful components Positive externalities, e.g. social, health, environment UITP 10
Interoperability Charging infrastructure standardization is key Slow charging / overnight CCS easy to be adapted Fast charging / opportunity Many charging solutions Different implementations of the same charging solution UITP ebus standardization steering & technical groups ZeEUS VDV Standardization working group CEN-CENELEC (EC Mandate M/533 about ebus standards for 2019) UITP Use Cases: Basis for standardisation www.zeeus.eu 11
Energy sector: Building trust & cooperation Different models in different cities Urban location of charging point Cabling Quality of the electricity distribution network Stability of electricity cost Exploring Opportunities Use of PT power network (trams, metro) UITP 12
IF Know & Decide Develop clean-buses deployment strategy Exchange of experiences Market monitor & understanding WHEN Plan & Regulate Standardised / interoperable solutions Funding & Financing Urban policies WHAT Select & Procure Procurement process principles Indicators for procurement evaluation Relationship with energy providers HOW Operate & Maintain Training (new competencies, new processes) Operations (including charging operations) Maintenance (new garage settings) Decommissioning (battery after-life) 13
Phase 1: Know & Decide Define a global & integrated mobility vision, based on UITP Action Points «Connecting people and places, Integrated Mobility Plans for Sustainable Cities» - April 2014 Study cases & share of experiences Feasibility study with: risk assessment cost analysis thorough operational analysis: is the ebus the solution for a given line at a given time? 14
Phase 2: Plan, Regulate & Fund Ensure political support from competent authorities & set up project governance In-depth assessment of technical solutions in own scenario Embrace system approach Most suitable funding & financing schemes Don t rush, it is all about planning and facing the unexpected! 15
Being prepared also means Gaspipe not shown on any city map! The pantograph pole has to be entirely redesigned to respect the snow clearance regulations IT communication test! UITP 16
Phase 3: Select & Procure KPI and methodology for procurementoriented evaluation ZeEUS common evaluation methodology can help Tender structure for ebus procurement Independent or combined tender Consultation & true partnership customers/suppliers Lengthy administrative procedures Building permits, depot upgrade, energy cabling for power supply UITP 17
Phase 4: Operation & Maintenance Drivers and maintenance training guidelines for Operation optimisation Safety Cleaning and all other outsourced services Other services, eg: firefighters & police services Optimised integration and operations into the bus network Optimisation of charging operation at bus depot & opportunity chargers Optimised energy consumption of auxiliaries Decommissioning & recycling Evaluate the project and assess staff & passengers satisfaction 18
www.zeeus.eu @zeeusproject 19