Pohjoismainen yhteistyö NER-rahoituksella Sähköautohankkeet: INTELECT RekkEVidde Juhani Laurikko, VTT
" Incentives and actual cost calculations for electric transport in the Nordic countries INTELECT
5.12.2012 3 Objectives & Tasks Map all available incentives in the Nordic countries and make them accessible to the public Build a calculator so that people can actually understand directly the benefit of acquiring a zero emission vehicle Create a tool where policy makers and organisations can attract OEM s to launch new ZEV into the Nordic market
5.12.2012 4 Project Partners Icelandic New Energy Ltd. (Iceland) Coordinator VTT (Finland), a government R&D institute Nukissiorfiit (Greenland), largest energy provider Grönn Bil (Norway), a service centre for BEV in Norway SEV (Faroe Islands), main electric provider Orkusetur (Iceland) (part of the Icelandic Energy Authority) Dansk Energi (Denmark), insight into the Danish energy system & current energy policy AF consulting (Sweden), insight into energy situation in Sweden
5.12.2012 5 Vehicle Taxation Across Nordic Countries Denmark Faroe Island Finland Greenland Iceland Norway Sweden Gasoline/diesel vehicles Import taxes dkr/g % % NOK per g/km (2012) CO2 0-50 grams/km 20 5,0 0-850 The duty CO2 51-80 grams/km 20 10,6 0-750 consist of a CO2 81-100 grams/km 20 14,9 10-750 Registration fixed amount of No taxes for CO2 101-115 grams/km 20 19,1 15-750 tax: 105% of 6.706 + 100% vehicles CO2 116-120 grams/km 20 20,1 15 750 taxable value of the part of produced in CO2 121-140 grams/km 200 23,8 20 750 under 10266, the invoice Europe - 10 % CO2 141-160 grams/km 300 27,7 25 756 180% of taxable amount import tax for CO2 161-180 grams/km 300 31,6 35 756 value over exceeding vehicles outside CO2 181-200 grams/km 400 35,1 45 1763 10615 6.706, but not EU. CO2 201-225 grams/km 400 39,1 55 1763 20.161 +125% CO2 226-250 grams/km 400 42,4 60 1763 of the rest. CO2 >250 grams/km 400 50,0 65 2829 Other import fees VAT 25% 25% 23 N.A. 25,5 25% 25% (0-13.333-50% (13.333 > 75% of invoice Bio methane gas vehicles Registration tax N.A. N.A. CO2 - tax CO2 - tax 0 VAT 25% N.A. acc. CO 2 N.A. 25,5 25 25 Subsidy N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 7.600 N.A. N.A. Natural gas vehicles Registration tax N.A. acc. CO 2 N.A. CO2-tax CO2 - tax 0 VAT 25% N.A. 23 N.A. 25,5 25 25 Ethanol vehicles Registration tax N.A. acc. CO 2 N.A. CO2 - tax CO2 - tax 0 VAT 25% N.A. 23 N.A. 25,5 25 25 Hybrid vehicles Registration tax N.A. acc. CO 2 N.A. CO2 - tax CO2 - tax 0 VAT 25% N.A. 23 N.A. 25,5 25 25 Subsidy N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 10% reduction in calculation weight N.A. Hybrid plug-in Registration tax N.A. acc. CO 2 N.A. CO2 - tax CO2 - tax 0 VAT 25% N.A. 23 N.A. 25,5 25 25 Subsidy N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 10% reduction in calculation weight N.A. Battery vehicles 0 0 5% (C0 2 =0 g/km) Temporary zero No CO2 tax No CO2 tax 0 VAT 25% Zero until 1.1.15 23 Temporary zero 25,5 0 25 Hydrogen vehicles 0 0 5% (C0 2 =0 g/km) Temporary zero No CO2 tax No CO2 tax 0 VAT 25% Zero until 1.1.15 23 Temporary zero 0 0 25
5.12.2012 6 Costs of Some Example Vehicles Denmark Faroe Island Finland Greenland Iceland Norway Sweden Gasoline Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 15.000 CO2 emission 119 g/km -1612 317 19,9 % 2.250 877 0 Vehicles weighing up to 900 kg: 879 4.312 Other import taxes 22312 8.212 12.984 344 0 VAT 3750 3.750 23 % 4.399 3.750 3.750 TOTAL 39450 27.279 22.122 28.863 21.649 24.282 18.750 Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 27.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 27.000 CO2 emission 199 g/km 672 3.467 35,0 % 12.150 11.857 0 ehicles from 1.501 kg to 1.800 kg: 1.909 0 17.497 Other import taxes 49313 17.248 46.351 0 2.228 0 VAT 6750 6.750 23 % 9.983 6.750 6.750 TOTAL 83735 54.464 44.834 75.260 49.133 65.332 33.750 Diesel Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 21.000 21.000 21.000 21.000 21.000 21.000 21.000 CO2 emission 159 g/km 537 1.613 27,5 % 5.250 4.791 0 Vehicles from 901 kg to 1.500 kg: 1.348 0 10.209 Other import taxes 35814 12.730 18.984 0 610 0 VAT 5250 5.250 23 % 6.694 5.250 5.250 TOTAL 62602 40.593 32.933 41.332 32.944 41.861 26.250 Battery Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 35.000 35.000 35.000 35.000 35.000 35.000 35.000 Other import taxes 0 5,0 % 0 0 0 0 VAT 8750 8.750 23 % 0 8.925 0 8.750 TOTAL 43.750 43.750 45.203 35.000 43.925 35.000 43.750 Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 40.000 40.000 40.000 40.000 40.000 40.000 40.000 Other import taxes 0 5,0 % 0 0 0 0 VAT 10000 10.000 23 % 0 10.200 0 10.000 TOTAL 50.000 50.000 51.660 40.000 50.200 40.000 50.000 Hydrogen Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 Other import taxes 0 5,0 % 0 0 0 0 VAT 15000 15.000 23 % 0 0 0 15.000 TOTAL 75.000 75.000 77.490 60.000 60.000 60.000 75.000 Vehicle factory cost/inc. shipping 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 80.000 Other import taxes 0 5,0 % 0 0 0 0 VAT 20000 20.000 23 % 0 0 0 20.000 TOTAL 100.000 100.000 103.320 80.000 80.000 80.000 100.000
http://www.orkusetur.is/page/int_finalreport 5.12.2012 7
Nettilaskuri A - Suomi 5.12.2012 8
Nettilaskuri A - Suomi 5.12.2012 9
Nettilaskuri B - Suomi 5.12.2012 10
the RekkEVidde Assessing Range and Performance of Electric Vehicles in Nordic Driving Conditions
the RekkEVidde Objectives Produce realistic performance figures for EVs attributed to Nordic driving and weather conditions Agree what kind of additional testing is necessary for EV s apart from the regulatory test (ECE-R No. 101) Ensure market acceptance for EV s
Consortium Coordination Laboratory testing Field testing Associate partners
Project Contents WP0 Coordination and Dissemination WP1 Duty cycle analysis WP2 Test protocol tools WP3 Application of the laboratory test protocol on 3 EV types WP4 Field test of EVs Finding during project: Energy labeling for EV s will be studied
WP1 Duty cycle analysis Study of the Driving Cycles Temperature &road condition variations Typical trips&loads TSS: Bilrörelse
WP2 Test protocol tools Field-test input from regular ICE-vehicles will be logged (mainly in Sweden) Test temperature and charging Cabin heating & auxiliary energy use included Preheating of cabin during charge allowed at test protocol? Vehicle load? Useful range criteria? Climb home range?
WP3 Application of the laboratory test protocol on three EV types Citroën C-Zero on in test cell at VTT
WP4 Field test of EV pool
Assessing range and performance of electric vehicles in Nordic driving conditions Project RekkEVidde by Juhani Laurikko (VTT, FI), Robert Granström (TSS North, S), Arto Haakana (GreenNetFinland, FI) GREAT MINDS THINK ELECTRIC / WWW.EVS26.ORG
Paper Reference No. F2012- IMPROVEMENTS IN TEST PROTOCOLS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES TO DETERMINE RANGE AND TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION LAURIKKO, Juhani NUOTTIMÄKI, Jukka NYLUND, Nils-Olof VTT Technical Research Centre Finland
Conclusions
Test Results - Summary Estimated range With heater +23 C -20 C -20 C +23 vs. -20 cycle km km km w.heater NEDC 124 88 53-58 % Helsinki City 125 106 44-65 % Artemis Urban 99 74 36-64 % Road, FIN 91 70 57-37 % Artemis Road, EV* 113 90 65-42 % Artemis Motorway, EV* 72 53 47-34 % average, all cycles 100 79 50-50 % *EV denotes that warm-up part of the cycle is omitted
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