SOCIAL IMPACT
Tidal lagoon snapshot Large marine barrier with one ingress/egress Bidirectional Kaplan bulb turbines enabling generation on the ebb and flood tides Total power depends on: 1. the tidal head ; and 2. surface area of the lagoon (scalable) Takes three years to build Design life is 120 years Breakwater Breakwater Lagoon interior flushed 4 x a day Turbine house & sluice gates Turbine house & sluice gates 2
Renewable energy at nuclear scale But with: Faster deployment Longer life British ownership British supply chain Safe and inexpensive decommissioning Coastal flood protection Amenity value through tourism and recreation Education, cultural and arts programmes Conservation, restocking and biodiversity programmes Big Sustainable Safe Certain Ours Here now
Establishing a blueprint: Swansea Bay Tidal Lagoon Wall length: 9.5km Area: 11.5km 2 Rated capacity (@4.5m head): 240MW Installed capacity: 320MW Daily generating time: 14 hours Annual output (net): 495GWh Annual CO 2 savings: 236,000 t Design life: 120yrs Height of wall: 5-20m Wall above low water: 12m Wall above high water: 3.5m Tidal range Neaps: 4.1m Tidal range Springs: 8.5m 155,000 homes powered: c.90% of Swansea Bay s domestic use/ c.11% of Wales domestic use 155,000 homes powered: c.90% of Swansea Bay s domestic use/ c.11% of Wales domestic use 24
Turbine housing
Over 45 years of field data La Rance, salt water, 240MW tidal range power station, Brittany, France 97% availability in the 47 years 93% efficiency on the ebb 75% efficiency on the flood Year 47 first overhaul of turbines, 5 turbines received replacement parts Year 48 control system to be replaced Years 1 and 47
Breakwater design options 7
A national fleet of 6 tidal lagoons to deliver Low carbon electricity: 5-10% of UK electricity, secured within a decade Energy security: Reliable, home-grown and near continuous power supply from proven technology, lasting 120 years Affordable energy: Lowest generation cost of all electricity for 85 years following investment period. Lower support cost than most low carbon electricity; larger lagoons generate cheaper power
6 = 30 TWh = 8% lagoons or 30% UK electricity* UK homes *Upon completion of 6 lagoons (2027) Projected UK power generation 27 (DECC, 2013) = 361.4 TWh Average h hold consumption (DECC, Mar 14) = 3.8 MWh UK h holds (ONS, 2013) = 26,414,000
6 lagoons = 4416 = 10 reactors offshore wind turbines Installed capacity : 6 tidal lagoons, 15.9 GW ; London Array, 3.6 MW per turbine ; Hinkley Point C, 1.6GW per reactor
Levelised Costs of Power from Tidal Lagoons Pӧyry, March 2014 Key findings: 1) A volume-weighted levelised cost of energy for the first three lagoons is around 100 MWh 2) Lagoon 3 has a levelised cost of around 90 MWh, broadly similar to onshore wind, large-scale solar PV, nuclear and gas-fired generation 3) Pӧyry s central assessment of the required CfD strike price for the three lagoons studied on a volume-weighted average basis is 111 / MWh. Lagoon 3 requires 92 / MWh
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 The Economic Case for a UK Tidal Lagoon Industry, Centre for Economics and Business Research, July 2014 GWh 400,000 350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 - Biomass Tidal lagoon Hydro Wind, solar, wave, tidal stream Nuclear Gas Oil Coal and gas CCS Coal Source: DECC Updated Energy & Emissions Projections - September 2013, Cebr projections for 6 UK tidal lagoons Key findings: 1) A national fleet of 6 lagoons would contribute 27bn to UK GDP during 12 years of construction 2) Creating or sustaining 35,800 jobs on average and 70,900 jobs at its peak 3) In operation, the fleet would contribute 3.1bn per annum to UK GDP 4) Creating or sustaining as many as 6,400 jobs 5) Potential to increase net exports by 3.7bn per year equivalent to 13% of the current trade deficit
International potential 313 GW of potential tidal range capacity identified to date: Europe: Russia, UK, France, Germany Americas: Canada, US, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina Asia: China, India, S Korea Australia At least 80 GW capacity assessed as holding potential for commercial development Valuing the global tidal range pipeline at 383bn Total potential UK exportable content worth up to 70bn Source: The Economic Case for a Tidal Lagoon Industry in the UK, The Centre for Economics and Business Research, July 2014. Analysis including Bernshtein (1996), Baker (1991), Clark (2007) 19 14