SOFT-START DRIVES & COUPLINGS

SOFT-START DRIVES & COUPLINGS

DODGE FLEXIDYNE SOFT-START DRIVES & COUPLINGS DODGE FLEXIDYNE is a dry fluid drive that provides smooth, controlled acceleration with a reduced current draw. Because of its unique concept in principle and design, it can handle difficult drive problems and is compatible with standard NEMA Design B motors commonly used in industry. It is not, however, recommended for use with variable-speed drives, internal combustion engines, or multiple-speed electric motors. HOUSING FLOW CHARGE HOUSING FLOW CHARGE MOTOR SHAFT MOTOR SHAFT OUTPUT SHAFT OUTPUT SHEAVE FLEXIBLE COUPLING ROTOR ROTOR FLEXIDYNE Drives FLEXIDYNE Couplings How FLEXIDYNE Works Housing is connected to motor shaft. Rotor within housing is connected to driven load. Fluid is heat-treated steel shot. Measured amount of flow charge is placed in housing. Circuit is energized, motor quickly accelerates to nearly full speed. Flow charge is thrown to perimeter of housing. Centrifugal force packs flow charge between housing and rotor. Driven load accelerates smoothly to motor speed. Housing and rotor lock together. FLEXIDYNE operates at 100% efficiency at full load speed without slip or wear. 2

DAILY NEWSPAPER USES FLEXIDYNE COUPLINGS TO PREVENT COSTLY MAINTENANCE A metropolitan daily newspaper uses a rail conveyor to haul large rolls of newsprint (weighing from 700 to 900 lbs.) to the pressroom. To prevent jolts that would frequently break the drag chain and reduce shock loads, crews installed a DODGE FLEXIDYNE coupling between the 7-1/2 HP, 1150 RPM electric motor and the floor-mounted speed reducer. HOW FLEXIDYNE CAN SOLVE YOUR COMMON DRIVE PROBLEMS COMMON DRIVE PROBLEMS High amperage drawn when starting electric motors SOLUTION: FLEXIDYNE Cuts duration of high amperage draw normally to less than one second Motor overheats at start Provides equivalent of no-load start Shock loads, bad power factor created by oversized motors Permits use of motor with capacity closer to running load Need for costly reduced-voltage starters Allows use of simple, across-the-line starters Frequent maintenance on moving parts, caused by starting shock Breakage of fragile materials (wire, thread, paper) caused by starting shock Damage to flywheel effect of motor rotor from sudden overloads Dangerous unattended overloads Hard-to-start heavy loads Ensures soft start, cuts maintenance, increases life of belt, gears, etc. Eliminates breakage with gentle, low-torque starting Slips when jam-up occurs, helps protect against damage Features speed drop cutout that automatically turns motor off if overload is prolonged Handles heavy loads easily when set for cushioned, high-torque starting Rough reversing and inching Smoothes out reversing and inching Motor burnout from overloads Can be set to slip before motor is damaged Overload damage from motor s high overload torque capacity Can be set to slip under overload at a torque level lower than motor capacity 3

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FLEXIDYNE is available in three designs: drives, couplings, and C-face modules to meet most system needs. Trolley Motors Overhead Traveling Cranes Eliminates load swinging when starting and stopping lateral travel Eliminates need for expensive motor controls Punch Presses Materially assists motor in starting heavy flywheel Reduces motor current peaks required to bring flywheel back up to speed after each punch Conveyors Reduces need for shear pins Helps motor overcome initial starting inertia and shock loads from occasional overloads Reduces belt stretch Large Bakery Ovens Chain Conveyors Allows smoother starts Prevents spilling Paper Mills Stirring Tanks Helps power source overcome shock loads by dumping bales of scrap into tanks (while stirring paddle is revolving) Reciprocating Pumps Electric Motor-Driven, Oilfield Mud and Gathering, Pipeline, Chemical Plant Circulating, Paper Mill Circulating Absorbs shock loading caused by pistons and valves in pump Allows control of maximum pressures on pump Allows better manifolding of two or more pumps onto one line Crushers/Pulverizers Helps absorb initial starting inertia and shock loads Protects motors from overloads Reduces size of motor Increases motor efficiency and power factor Centrifuges Assists in overcoming high inertia of load on starting Reduces overall current consumption by allowing motor to operate in lower current range when picking up load Laundry Machines Reversing Action Greatly reduces shock stresses in drive chains and belts on starting or reversal Reduces overall current demand by greatly reducing time of peak motor current demands on each reversal Cooling Fans Reduces shock torque on fan blades caused by instantaneous high torque of motor when starting switch is closed Practically eliminates shearing off of large fan blades at hubs Hoisting Winches Power Shovels, Oilfield Drilling Rigs and Servicing Units, Steel Erecting Hoists, Drag Lines, Fishing Net, Logging Yarders and Loaders Allows smoother control of loads Eliminates possibility of killing motor by overloading Eliminates jerky lines, which can cause accidents Allows increased production by machine, giving better accelerating qualities from prime mover Reduces overall wear on bearings and gears by absorbing shocks Controls overloads on lines 4

Brick Plants Shale Digging Machines, Prime Movers for Brick Cards, Chain Conveyors through Baking Furnaces Controls overloading of chains and gears Absorbs shocks prevalent in digging operations Eliminates quick, jerky starts that spill loads and cause considerable loss Textile Mills Card, Spinning Frame, Bleacher, Dryer, Roving Frame, Spinning Mule Drives Allows smoother starting of all types of machines Assists in controlling tensions Allows better and less expensive compounding drives on various rollers handling continuous material through several processing tanks Refrigeration Pumps Large Refrigerator Storage Plants, Large Air Conditioning Units Reduces peak current demands on starting with electric motor Absorbs shocks caused by refrigerant pumps Allows use of internal combustion engines with automatic start and stop controls (where formerly only electric motors were used) Saw Mills Saw Mandrels, Feed Carriages, Planners Helps motors clear overloads by not pulling engine speeds down so radically Helps motors start high inertia loads Improves safety of overall machines Chip Conveyors Large Plants Provides overload protection in case of jamming or overloading and prevents damage to chains, belts, etc. Amusement Rides Merry-Go-Rounds, Ferris Wheels, Whirling Rides, Roller Coasters, Small Trains Assists in starting high inertia loads Gives smoother starts and stops for rider comfort Allows smaller prime mover (in most cases) Compressors Absorbs shocks in compressor drives Allows smaller prime mover (in many cases) Grain Elevators Helps prime mover compensate for instantaneous shock loads caused by varying loads on elevator Helps control overloading Acts as a safety against jamming Flour Mills Assists in starting heavy inertia of flour mills and blowers Helps motor overcome choke-up by allowing higher motor speeds when mill speed pulls down Printing Presses Assists in starting high inertia presses Allows use of smaller motors in many cases and eliminates low-voltage starting switches Absorbs shocks in drives caused by press 5

FLEXIDYNE COUPLINGS FILLER PLUG ALLOWS FLOW CHARGE TO BE POURED IN AND OUT OF UNIT, TAILORS TORQUE TO DRIVEN LOAD REQUIREMENTS. STEEL HOUSING (THROUGH SIZE 75) OFFERS SUPERIOR CORROSION RESIST- ANCE AND EXCELLENT BALANCE. LARGER SIZES (ABOVE 10 HP AT 1750 RPM) HAVE ALUMINUM HOUSINGS FOR IMPROVED THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS. DURABLE SYNTHETIC RUBBER SEALS KEEP FLOW CHARGE IN UNIT, PROTECT BEARINGS. TWO BEARINGS BALL AND BRONZE SLEEVE PROVIDE GENUINE STABILITY, ARE USED ONLY IN STARTING AND STOPPING. 6

PH Type FLEXIDYNE Coupling C Type FLEXIDYNE Coupling STOCK TAPER-LOCK BUSHINGS PERMIT QUICK AND EASY MOUNTING ON BOTH COUPLED SHAFTS. DODGE FLEXIDYNE couplings are a versatile solution when you want to transmit torque between in-line shafts. This low-cost, compact coupling provides smooth operating characteristics and a flexible connection. Its versatility also allows it to be adapted and directly connected to a wide variety of motors and driven machines. FLEXIDYNE couplings are available for applications from 1/2 HP 150 HP at 1800 RPM, 250 HP at 1200 RPM, and 125 HP at 900 RPM. Plus, installation is easy on a wide range of shaft diameters, because DODGE FLEXIDYNE couplings use DODGE TAPER-LOCK bushings for mounting. 7

FLEXIDYNE DRIVES FOR V-BELT DRIVE FROM MOTOR TO LOAD FILLER PLUG ALLOWS FLOW CHARGE TO BE POURED IN AND OUT OF UNIT, TAILORS TORQUE TO DRIVEN LOAD REQUIREMENTS. SHEAVES, AVAILABLE FROM STOCK, PROVIDE COUNTLESS RATIOS FOR PRECISE DRIVEN SPEEDS. TWO BEARINGS BALL AND NEEDLE ARE LUBRICATED FOR LIFE; PROVIDE THE STABILITY FOR A LONG, TROUBLE-FREE SERVICE LIFE. STOCK BORES FIT ANY STANDARD MOTOR SHAFT. 8

FLEXIDYNE drives mount directly on the motor shaft to provide an extremely compact unit for belted service. They actually take little more space than a sheave. They are available from stock for motors from 1/2 HP 100 HP at 1800 RPM, 150 HP at 1200 RPM, and 60 HP at 900 RPM. STEEL HOUSING (THROUGH SIZE 75) OFFERS CORROSION RESISTANCE AND EXCELLENT BALANCE. LARGER SIZES (ABOVE 10 HP AT 1750 RPM) HAVE ALU- MINUM HOUSINGS FOR IMPROVED THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS. Bolt-on V-belt sheaves are standard. Pulleys for flat belt or synchronous belts can be provided. FLEXIDYNE PROTECTIVE DEVICE DURABLE SYNTHETIC RUBBER SEALS KEEP FLOW CHARGE IN UNIT, PROTECT BEARINGS. FLEXIDYNE Speed Drop Cutouts The speed drop cutout senses a reduction in the output speed of the FLEXIDYNE and stops the motor before damage occurs. Both units are available in standard and explosion-proof construction. See current catalog for specifications. Both switches are intended for use only in control circuits and not in the line for starting the motor. FLEXIDYNE ACCESSORIES Stainless-Steel Flow Change Ideal for applications where excessive moisture, humidity, or wide temperature variations can cause internal condensation. 9

FLEXIDYNE SELECTION HP/RPM 1800 1200 900 0.25 5D, 5C 5D, 5C - 0.5 5D, 5C 55D, 55C 70D, 70C 0.75 5D, 5C 55D, 55C 70D, 70C 1 55D, 55C 70D, 70C 75D, 75C 1.5 55D, 55C 70D, 70C 75D, 75C 2 55D, 55C 75D, 75C 9D, 9C 3 70D, 70C 75D, 75C 9D, 9C 5 70D, 70C 9D, 9C 11D, 11C 7.5 75D, 75C 9D, 9C 11D, 11C 10 75D, 75C 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 15 9D, 9C 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 20 9D, 9C 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 25 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 D15116 30 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 D15116 40 11D, 11C 15D, 15116 18D, 18172 50 11D, 11C 15D, D15116, 18D* 18D, 18172 60 15D, 15116 15D, D15116, 18D* 18D, 18172 75 15D, 15116 15D, D15116, 18D* D18172 100 15D, 15116 18D, 18172 D18172 125 D15131 18D, 18172 D18172 150 D15131 18D, 18172-200 - D18172-250 - D18172 - * Drive selection based on starting torque. Consult catalog for ratings. 55D 18D FLEXIDYNE DRIVE DRIVE MAX. NOM. STOCK PART SIZE RPM BORES NO. 55D 3600 5/8 305015 7/8 (Max.) 305016 70D 3300 7/8 305021 1-1/8 (Max.) 305022 75D 3300 1 305085 1-1/8 305056 1-3/8 (Max.) 305057 9D 2300 1-1/8 309070 1-1/4 309071 1-3/8 309072 1-5/8 (Max.) 309073 11D 2400 1-3/8 311070 1-5/8 311071 1-7/8 (Max.) 311072 11DL 2400 2-1/8 (Max.) 311073 15D 1800 1-7/8 315070 2-1/8 315071 2-3/8 (Max.) 315072 18D 1500 2-7/8 318060 3-3/8 (Max.) 318065 See DODGE PT Components Engineering Catalog for dimensional information and selection. ITEMS REQUIRED FOR COMPLETE COUPLING COUPLING MECHANISM TAPER-LOCK FLANGE ASSEMBLY RESPECTIVE TYPES STD. (REV.) TYPE H TYPE F SIZE PART NO. SIZE PART NO. PART NO. PART NO. 10 987 309077 PX70 010603 - - 1196 311077 PX80 010604 - - 15116 315073 PX100 010606 - - D15116 315074 PX100 010606 - - D15131 315075 PX110 010607 - - 18172 318110 PX140-011134 011154 D18172 318400 PX140-011134 011154

55C 11C FLEXIDYNE COUPLINGS COUPLING SIZE BORE RANGE OF BUSHING MAX. RPM MECHANISM (INCLUDES DISC) ITEMS REQUIRED FOR COMPLETE COUPLING POLY-DISC FLANGE WITHOUT BUSHINGS BUSHINGS MOTOR END BUSHINGS DRIVEN END TYPE H TYPE F BUSH AVG. BUSH MIN. MAX. PART NO. SIZE PART NO. PART NO. NO. WT. LBS. NO. 55C 1/2 1 1800 305019 2-5/8 008057 008058 1008.2 1008 70C 1/2 * 1800 305025 4 008041 008040 1215.7 1610 75C 1/2 1-11/16 1800 305058 5-1/4 008043 008042 1615 1.0 1610 9C 1/2 2-11/16 1800 309074 7 008045 008044 2517 2.8 2517 11C 1/2 2-11/16 1800 311074 8 008047 008046 2517 2.8 2517 * Motor end = 1-1/4", Driven end = 1-5/8". TYPE PH FLEXIDYNE COUPLINGS WITH TAPER-LOCK FLANGES ELEMENT BS TAPER-LOCK BUSHINGS RIGHT BORED MECHANISM FLANGE ASSEMBLY AVG. AVG. SIZE PART NO. SIZE BORE PART NO. SIZE PART NO. WT. LBS. PART NO. WT. LBS. PH87 011227 PX70BS - 010301 987 2517 2.8 1610.7 PH96 011228 PX80BS - 010302 1196 2517 2.8 2012 1.4 PH116 011230 PX100BS - 010304 15116 3030 7.4 2517 2.8 PH116 011230 PX100BS - 010304 D15116 3030 7.4 2517 2.8 PH131 011231 PX110BS - 010305 D15131 3030 7.4 2517 2.8 PH172 011234 PX140BS 2-1/4 010530 18172 3535 11.5 3535 11.5 PH172 011234 PX140BS 2-1/4 010530 D18172 3535 11.5 3535 11.5 11

DODGE FLUID COUPLINGS FOR SPECIAL DRIVE APPLICATIONS OVERLOAD FUSE PLUG FOR PROTECTION (290 F STANDARD, 140 C). SHEAVE MOUNTS ON MOTOR SIDE. SPLINED HUB PROVIDES EVEN LOAD DISTRIBUTION. CAST ALUMINUM WING CONSTRUCTION HOUSING FOR REDUCED WEIGHT, GREATER STRENGTH. 12

NOMENCLATURE 17 C KC P x 2-7/8" Fluid Coupling Size 17" Approximate Rotor Diameter Delay Fill (Optional) KC = Coupling Style KS = Sheave/Drive Style P = PARA-FLEX PH Element D = Drive Style Fluid Coupling Bore SELECTION Fluid Coupling Selection RPM HP 1800 1500 1200 1000 900 5 8 8 9 11 12 7.5 8 9 11 12 13 10 8 9 12 13 13 15 9 11 12 13 15 20 11 12 13 15 15 25 11 12 13 15 17 30 11 12 15 17 17 40 12 13 15 17 19 50 13 15 17 17 19 60 13 15 17 19 19 75 15 15 17 19 21 100 15 17 19 21 21 125 17 19 21 24 24 150 17 19 21 24 24 200 19 21 24 27 27 250 21 21 24 27 29 300 21 24 27 29 29 350 21 24 27 29 34 400 24 24 27 29 34 500 24 27 29 34 34 PX Spacing Flange with PH Element & Bolt Ring PARA-FLEX high-speed coupling assembly drops out for easy access to motor and driven equipment. PARA-FLEX high-speed element dampens vibration and shock loads, accommodates combination of angular and parallel misalignment. Fluid Coupling Circuit with Delay-Fill Chamber & Adapter Plate Delay-fill style available on sizes 11 24 for softer starts (limits starting torque to 140%). Recommended in applications > 100 HP. Adapter plate ties whole system together. Cast aluminum wing construction housing reduces weight, and offers greater strength. Overload fuse plug provides protection. Shaft Hub with TAPER-LOCK Bushing Incorporates TAPER-LOCK bushing to accommodate wide range of bore sizes. Also available in finished bore. Provides true, tight grip. Easy on, easy off. Collet Mounting Sizes 7 19 are available in a wide range of bores. Sizes 15 and up are available in finished bore. KSD/CKSD Fluid Coupling (Sheave Drive) Sheave styles available in: Sizes 7 24 standard QD Sizes 15 24 bolt-on style (Priced on request) Delay fill available in: Sizes 11 24 13

KSD FOR USE WITH QD SHEAVE MOTOR QD 7 1-1/8" C SDS 118780 8 1-1/8" C SDS 118781 9 1-3/8" C SK 118782 11 1-7/8" C SF 118783 12 2-1/8" C E 118784 13 2-1/8" C E 118785 13 2-3/8" C E 118786 15 2-3/8" C F 118648 15 2-7/8" C F 118649 17 3-3/8" C J 118650 19 3-3/8" C J 118651 21 3-3/8" FB M 118652 24 3-3/8" FB M 118653 CKSD FOR USE WITH QD SHEAVE MOTOR QD 11 1-7/8" C SF 118654 12 2-1/8" C E 118655 13 2-1/8" C E 118656 13 2-3/8" C E 118657 15 2-3/8" C F 118658 15 2-7/8" C F 118659 17 3-3/8" C J 118660 19 3-3/8" C J 118661 21 3-3/8" FB M 118662 24 3-3/8" FB M 118663 KSD FOR USE WITH BOLT-ON SHEAVE MOTOR 15 2-3/8" FB 118787 15 2-3/8" C 118789 15 2-7/8" FB 118788 15 2-7/8" C 118790 17 2-3/8" C 118794 17 3-3/8" FB 118792 17 3-3/8" C 118793 19 3-3/8" FB 118795 19 3-3/8" C 118796 21 3-3/8" FB 118797 24 3-3/8" FB 118798 14 C = Collet Mount FB = Finish Bore

KCM FLUID COUPLING MAX. BORE 7 1-3/4" 118625 8 1-3/4" 118626 9 2-1/4" 118627 11 2-1/4" 118628 12 2-1/4" 118629 13 2-1/4" 118630 15 3-3/8" 118631 17 3-3/8" 118632 19 3-3/8" 118633 21 3-3/8" 118634 24 3-3/8" 118635 27 4-7/8" 118636 29 4-7/8" 118637 CKCM FLUID COUPLING MAX. BORE 11 2-1/4" 118638 12 2-1/4" 118639 13 2-1/4" 118640 15 3-3/8" 118641 17 3-3/8" 118642 19 3-3/8" 118643 21 3-3/8" 118644 24 3-3/8" 118645 27 4-7/8" 118646 29 4-7/8" 118647 KCP FLUID COUPLING 11 1-5/8" 000423 11 1-7/8" 000424 12 1-5/8" 000426 12 1-7/8" 000427 13 1-7/8" 000429 13 2-1/8" 000430 13 2-3/8" 000431 15 2-1/8" 000432 15 2-3/8" 000433 15 2-7/8" 000434 17 2-3/8" 000435 17 2-7/8" 000436 17 3-3/8" 000437 19 2-3/8" 000438 19 2-7/8" 000439 19 3-3/8" 000440 21 2-3/8" 000441 21 3-3/8" 000442 24 2-3/8" 000443 24 3-3/8" 000444 24 3-7/8" 000445 CKCP FLUID COUPLING 11 1-5/8" 000454 11 1-7/8" 000455 12 1-5/8" 000457 12 1-7/8" 000458 13 1-7/8" 000460 13 2-1/8" 000461 13 2-3/8" 000462 15 2-1/8" 000463 15 2-3/8" 000464 15 2-7/8" 000465 17 2-3/8" 000466 17 2-7/8" 000467 17 3-3/8" 000468 19 2-3/8" 000469 19 2-7/8" 000470 19 3-3/8" 000471 21 2-3/8" 000472 21 3-3/8" 000473 24 2-3/8" 000474 24 3-3/8" 000475 24 3-7/8" 000476 15

C C A B D D B E H THREAD E (1) Shrouded bolt design for sizes 7 24. Exposed bolt design for sizes 27 34. (2) Gear couplings not shown. SIZE A B C C D E E WT. LESS OIL OIL MAX. H GEAR (LBS.) (U.S. GAL.) COUPLING KCM CKCM NO. DIA. KCM CKCM KCM CKCM SIZE (1) (2) 7 8.98 4.57 5.51-3.75 6 0.252 16-0.24-1/4-28 UNF 1 8 10.08 4.57 5.71-3.75 6 0.252 18-0.34-1/4-28 UNF 1 9 11.61 6.00 6.97-4.81 8 0.377 31-0.52-3/8-24 UNF 1-1/2 11 12.80 6.00 7.32-4.81 8 0.377 35-0.73-3/8-24 UNF 1-1/2 12 14.57 6.00 7.80 10.43 4.81 8 0.377 46 53 1.08 1.27 3/8-24 UNF 1-1/2 13 15.67 6.00 8.19 11.16 4.81 8 0.377 62 68 1.37 1.53 3/8-24 UNF 1-1/2 15 18.11 8.39 9.76 12.87 7.00 10 0.502 104 112 2.02 2.27 1/2-20 UNF 2-1/2 17 20.47 8.39 9.85 13.08 7.00 10 0.502 146 159 3.09 3.59 1/2-20 UNF 2-1/2 19 22.24 8.39 9.85 13.08 7.00 10 0.502 165 178 3.75 4.36 1/2-20 UNF 2-1/2 21 24.41 8.39 12.59 16.61 7.00 10 0.502 240 262 5.02 6.08 1/2-20 UNF 2-1/2 24 27.95 8.39 12.59 16.61 7.00 10 0.502 285 306 7.50 8.24 1/2-20 UNF 2-1/2 27 30.71 11.02 14,45 20.71 9.50 8 0.750 454 505 11.09 13.21 3/4-16 UNF 3-1/2 29 33.86 11.02 15.59 21.85 9.50 8 0.750 562 613 14.53 16.65 3/4-16 UNF 3-1/2 34 39.37 12.52 18.54 24.96 11.00 8 0.750 960 978 21.80 24.44 3/4-16 UNF 4 www.rockwellautomation.com www.ptplace.com www.dodge-pt.com www.reliance.com www.ptplace.ca Corporate Headquarters Rockwell Automation, 777 East Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1400, Milwaukee, WI 53202-5302 USA, Tel: (1) 414.212.5200, Fax: (1) 414.212.5201 Headquarters for Dodge and Reliance Electric Products Americas: Rockwell Automation, 6040 Ponders Court, Greenville, SC 29615-4617 USA, Tel: (1) 864.297.4800, Fax: (1) 864.281.2433 Canada: Rockwell Automation Canada, 296 Walker Drive, Bramalea, Ontario, Canada L6T 4B3, Tel: (1) 905.792.1722 Europe: Rockwell Automation, Brühlstraße 22, D-74834 Elztal-Dallau, Germany, Tel: (49) 6261 9410, Fax: (49) 6261 1771 Asia Pacific: Rockwell Automation, 55 Newton Road, #11-01/02 Revenue House, Singapore 307987, Tel: (65) 351 6723, Fax: (65) 355 1733 Headquarters for Allen-Bradley Products, Rockwell Software Products and Global Manufacturing Solutions Americas: Rockwell Automation, 1201 South Second Street, Milwaukee, WI 53204-2496 USA, Tel: (1) 414.382.2000, Fax: (1) 414.382.4444 DMR-1513-5 10/02-5M-K This material is not intended to provide operational instructions. Appropriate Rockwell Automation instruction manuals and precautions should be studied prior to installation, operation, or maintenance of equipment. Copyright 2002 Rockwell Automation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA. DODGE and RELIANCE ELECTRIC are trademarks of Rockwell Automation.