CONPONENT 3 REGIONAL STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY THEMATIC: BIO-FUELS REGION: SMÅLAND (SWEDEN)
BEST PRACTICE 1 BIOGASMACK I OSKARSHAMN.
DATA COMPILATION TEMPLATE Identifying data of the practice: Name of the practice/project. Biogasmack i Oskarshamn Issue tackled by the practice. Making biofuels assessable Name of the contact person. Hans Johansson Position of the contact person. Marketing Director at Oskarshamns energi AB Contact details. +46 (0)491-88127 Objectives of the practice: The objective was to install a filling station for bio-methane in Oskarshamn to create a market for -, and enable the municipality to increase its share of bio-methane vehicles and. The aim is that 30 bio-methane vehicles should become 200 in a few years time because of the filling station. Process and detailed content of the practice (Description): Since long, there has been a wish of having a bio-methane filling station in Oskarshamn. However, any attempt to build one has failed due to insufficient funds. When it stood clear that Oskarshamn would not be the sight for the final storage of the Swedish radioactive waste, the state compensated the Municipality by a surplus value treaty. The treaty enabled the Energy Company, Oskarshamns energi AB, to apply for finance support to build the filling station. When the support was approved, the actual building of the facility was a rather quick process. The issue was well prepared due to the long going wishes of having a bio-methane filling station in Oskarshamn and the actual filling station was bought as a ready-made module form Germany. The process described above is not unique, however what is rather uncommon is how the filling station is placed with consideration to what would be in the most strategically position. Normally, those initial facilities are often situated close to their main user or producer. As for example, close to the sewage plant or the buss garages of the public transport company. In this case, efforts have been made to place it in an as strategic position as possible seen to attract a broader range of consumers. It also looks just very similar to an ordinary filling station, which is contributing to a situation when it is as easy, normal and safe to refuel the biofuel vehicle as it is with the petrol engine vehicle. As a marketing effort Oskarshamns energi are trying to seal deals, and promote bio-methane to the owners of the major vehicle fleets in the area. That includes of cause the Municipality and truck companies and so on but also the car dealerships, as they are encourage to promote bio-methane vehicles as an alternative to new customers. Origin: No specific Bodies involved /Implementation Oskarshamns energi AB: owned by the Municipality of Oskarshamn as well as E.ON Pag. 2
Financial Framework (Funding): Public. Entity. Oskarshamns energi AB Surplus value treaty (a subsidy form the state to compensate Oskarshamn for not getting the final storage of radioactive waste) Amount 358 000 597 000 Private. Entity. Amount. Legal Framework (current law and incentives system): The vehicles using bio-fuel benefits from a 40% lower taxable value of fringe benefits and a 5-year tax-free allowance. Target group addressed by the practice: The practice has its target in all biofuel vehicle owners, passing by or living in Oskarshamn. Communication and awareness campaigns: The awareness campaigns are an important increase the use of the filling station. A major ceremony inviting the press was celebrated at the opening of the filling station. At that ceremony every one owning a biocng vehicle was invited to refuel it free of charge. Oskarshamn energi are together with networks such as Biogas sydost and other regional stakeholders promoting bio-methane through their channels of communication. For Oskarshamn energi that is of cause their newsletters, which reach out to every one buying their electricity. Pag. 3
Geographic and population scope: Geographic position (country, region or district or metropolitan area or municipality) (Source: Wikipedia) Oskarshamn is located at the east cost of the southeast area of Sweden. It is the third most populated city and municipality in Kalmar County. Extension. No data Climatology. The average temperature differs between -5 to +-0 wintertime and between 20 to 10 summer time. (Source: SMHI) Orography. There are nine conurbations in the Municipality. Oskarshamn is the biggest with over 17 000 inhabitants, the following eight has around or below 1000 inhabitants. (Source: SCB) Population densities. The majority of the Municipal inhabitants live in Oskarshamn. (84 % in Oskarshamns Municipality lives in towns larger than 200 inhabitants.) Pag. 4
Urban characteristics. Oskarshamn is an industrial city dominated by mechanical industry. Major employers are Scania (producing trucks) OKG (the nuclear power plant) and Saft (battery producer). Moreover, Oskarshamn has an important harbor with passenger ferries to Gotland and Öland and with both national and international freight traffic. The past and present industry as well as the central harbor has given Oskarshamn characteristics of an industrial city. Urban growth trends. The Municipality has been stable around 26 000 inhabitants the last decade. The same goes for Oskarshamn which has had around 17 000 inhabitants since the 90s. (Source: SCB) Area of study. Zoning: Micro zoning. Macro zoning. Socioeconomic characteristics: Spatial distribution of the population. There are nine conurbations in the Municipality. Oskarshamn is the biggest with over 17 000 inhabitants, the following eight has around or below 1000 inhabitants. Population density. The City of Oskarshamn has 13, 17 inhabitants /hectare The Municipality has 25 inhabitants /km² Population growth rates. The Municipality has been stable around 26 000 inhabitants the last decade. The same goes for Oskarshamn which has had around 17 000 inhabitants since the 90s. Distribution of family units. Not available Age groups, aging index. (Source: SCB - Kommunfakta Oskarshamn) Economic activity. Labor force and unemployment. Labor market. Unemployed (total/women/men). Pag. 5
738 / 348 / 390 Unemployment rate % (total/women/men). 6% / 6% / 7% Employment rate % (total/women/men). 80% / 77% / 83% (Source: SCB Kommunfakta Oskarshamn) Situation of the workers (private/ public / individual entrepreneur / entrepreneur with employees / other situations). (Source: SCB Kommunfakta Oskarshamn) Pag. 6
Sectors (agriculture/construction/industry/services). (Source: SCB Kommunfakta Oskarshamn) Employment generation Not available Pag. 7
Use of private vehicles. Motorization: The typical journey in the Municipality of Oskarshamn conducted by a single person traveling by car (58%). (Source: Resvaneundersökning Småland Blekinge 2012) Analysis of the mobility: Mechanized and non-mechanized mobility. No data Public and private transport mobility. 96% private 4% public (Source: Resvaneundersökning Småland Blekinge 2012) Distribution of modes and motives. 58% Single person in a car 12% Two or more persons in a car 12% Walk 12% Bike 4% Bus 1% Other mode of transport (Source: Resvaneundersökning Småland Blekinge 2012) Areas of study developed in the practice: Road network. Traffic. Parking. Public transport. Pedestrians and cyclists: quality and urban space. Intermodality. Mobility management. Flow and distribution of goods. Environmental aspects. Road safety. Timescale: Duration of the practice/project. The filling station was opened 19 September 2012. Implementation phase in which it is located. It is finished Pag. 8
Necessary human/economic/technologic resources and skills to realize and to manage the Best Practice: The necessity of economic resources is of major importance. As the facility is bought as a module, the actual building is no difficult. To get the most out of the establishment of the filling station great lines of communication has showed to be important. As Oskarshamns energi is the major supplier of electricity and owned by the Municipality they could use their regular modes communication to communicate with large parts of the Municipality in an efficient way. Monitoring and results: Possible demonstrated results (through indicators) By a market research in the beginning, the estimated demand for gas vehicles was about 200. In just a few months, it is estimated by Oskarshamns energi that the filling station has contributed with 50-60 new biomethane vehicles in the area. Possible success factors Success factors are the attractive and public position of the filling station, as an extensive work to promote it. Difficulties encountered The difficulty encountered was to get financing Remarks: None Pag. 9
ANNEX II: BIO-FUELS TYPE OF VEHICLE: The county authorities have agreed on the goal of becoming a fossil fuel independent region by 2030. Hence, most authorities are encouraged to obtain fossil fuel free vehicles, of which vehicles running on biogas are an attractive alternative. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLES. PERFORMANCE: Most vehicles running on bio-methane are combustion engine hybrids, able to use both petrol/diesel and gas. The main difference is that two gas tanks are needed, something that might take up little extra space in the trunk of an ordinary car. Busses have the extra tanks on the roof and therefore not affecting the passenger space. TYPE OF BIO-FUEL. ORIGIN: The bio-methane used for this facility is produced 7 miles north of Oskarshamn, in Västervik. The gas originates from swage and form fish industry waste. Pag. 10
SUPPLY: Supply points. Located close to the major roads it is easy to reach. (Source: http://www.biogassydost.se/) Distribution of the supply points. There is only one supply point in Oskarshamn. Cost. The actual cost is 1, 55 /Nm3 (2013-03-16) The cost of bio-methane differs between different parts of Sweden. It is dependent on several factors although mostly dependent on the availability of gas and if it must be transferred by truck to the pump station. However all actors on the Swedish market sell bio-methane 10-30% less than the equal amount of petrol. Pag. 11