lax.kukred fof/k;ksa ds }kjk vjgj esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh igpku,oa mldk fooj.k

Hkkjrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku if=dk] 33(1), 51-57, 2018 lax.kukred fof/k;ksa ds }kjk vjgj esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh igpku,oa mldk fooj.k vuq 'kekz] T;ksfrdk HkkVh] 'kf'khkw"k.kyky] d`".kdqekj prqosznh] eksgeen lehj Qk:d,oa vfuy jk; d`f"k tso lwpuk dsunz] Hkk-d`-vuq-i- & Hkkjrh; d`f"k lkaf[;dh vuqla/kku lalfkku] ubz fnyyh izkir % Qjojh] 2018 Lohd`r % ekpz] 2018 lkjka'k ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh [kkst vksj dk;kzred Hkwfedkvksa esa mudh Hkkxhnkjh ds c<+rs izek.kksa us tso oskkfudksa dks vr;f/kd mrlkfgr fd;k gsa blds ifj.kkelo:i fofhkuu thoksa,oa iks/kksa esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh igpku vksj muds fooj.k izkir djus ds fy, vusd 'kks/k iz;ksx'kkykvksa esa fd;s tk jgs gsa bl 'kks/k ds fy, vf/kd le; vksj lk/ku dh vko';drk gksrh gs blfy;s ik;k x;k fd iz;ksx'kkyk esa dh tkus okyh 'kks/k dk la;kstu ;fn lax.kkred fof/k;ksa ls dj fn;k tk, rks le; vksj lk/kuksa dh cpr dh tk ldrh gsa bl ys[k esas vjgj esa lax.kukred fof/k;ksa dk mi;ksx djds lahkkfor lw{e&vkj-,u-,- vksj muds y{;ksa dks [kkstus gsrq fd, x, v/;;u ds ifj.kkeksa dks fn[kk;k x;k gsa bl v/;;u esa iz;ksx dh xbz fof/k;ksa }kjk X;kjg ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh igpku dh xbz gsa bl v/;;u ls vjgj esa lw{e&vkj-,u-,- ds }kjk vk.kfod ra= dks csgrj le>us esas enn feysxha vjgj esa VªkalfØI'ku ds mijkar thu lkbysflax dh uohu vksj vf/kd lvhd tkudkfj;ka vjgj dh mrikndrk c<+kus esa ennxkj lkfcr gks ldrh gsa dqath 'kcn % lax.kkred] lw{e vkj-,u-,] vjgj Bhartiya Krishi Anushandhan Patrika, 33(1), 51-57, 2018 COMPUTATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRORNAS IN PIGEONPEA Anu Sharma *, Jyotika Bhati, Shashi Bhushan Lal, Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi, Mohammad Samir Farooqi and Anil Rai Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi Received : Feb, 2018 Accepted : March, 2018 ABSTRACT Pigeon pea is avital food legume crop grown in India. Pigeon pea is consumed as green pea, whole grain or split pea. Many studies have been under taken by researchers for the analysis of whole genome sequence of pigeon pea. Also, post transcriptional gene regulation has emerged as an important technology for crop sciences. The discoveries of mirnas in plants and the growing evidence of their involvement in a variety of functional roles have produced a great deal of excitement in plant biology. Approaches developed for identification of mirnas are in-vitro, in-silico and combination of both these. This study was undertaken to identify the mirnas in pigeon pea using computational methods. Eleven mirnas were identified using this method. This study will help in improved understanding of molecular mechanisms of mirna and development of novel and more precise techniques for better understanding of post-transcriptional gene silencing in pigeon pea. Keywords: Computational, microrna, Pigeon Pea bzesy : anu.sharma@icar.gov.in

52 o"kz 33 vad (1)] 2018 izlrkouk vjgj,d egroiw.kz nygu Qly gs tks eq[; :i ls nqfu;k ds m".k miks".kdfvca/kh; {ks=ksa esa mxkbz tkrh gsa vjgj esa 20-22% zizksvhu gksrs gsa vksj bldk mi;ksx gjh] lkcqr fohkkftr vfkok /kqyh vjgj ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gsa ¼vuke] 2012½A blds cht dk mi;ksx mrre xq.korrk okys Hkkstu ds :i esa gksrk gs rfkk bldh 'kq"d 'kk[kk,sa?kjsyw bz/ku ds :i esa iz;ksx dh tkrh gasa iks/ks ls fxjs irrs fev~vh dks egroiw.kz ikas"kd rro iznku djrs gsa vksj ;g ifrr;k ukbvªkstu fu/kkzj.k ds ek/;e ls fev~vh dks le`) djrh gsa ¼oJsZ;,oa lg;ksxh] 2010½A ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- 20&22 U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l dk,d NksVk vuqøe gksrk gs tks Årdksa ¼fV';w½ esas vfhko;dr gksrs gsaa ;s fofhkuu izdkj ds ;wdsfj;ksv~l esa thu vfhko;fdr ds udkjkred fu;kedksa ds :i esa dk;z dj ldrs gsaa dbz dkasf'kdh; izfø;kvksa ds fofhkuu pj.kksa esa budh Hkkxhnkjh gksrh gsa fofhkuu thoksa ds chp viuk laj{k.k ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh,d vu; egroiw.kz fo'ks"krk gsa ;g laj{k.k vu; iztkfr;ksa esa bu flfydksa ¼lax.kdh;½ fof/k;ksa }kjk u, gkseksykwxl (homologs) dh igpku ds fy, rkfdzd n`f"vdks.k iznku djrk gs ¼vkSdsjeu vkfn] 2003½A tso lwpuk fokku ds rhoz fodkl us lax.kukred fof/k;ksa }kjk ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh igpku vksj mudk xq.kkred fu/kkzj.k cgqr ljy cuk fn;k gsa bl v/;;u dk mn~ns'; vjgj es a ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vksj muds y{;ksa lacaf/kr egroiw.kz fooj.k gsa lkexzh,oa ijh{k.k fof/k vjgj esa lahkkfor ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dks [kkstus ds fy, igys ls Kkr] vjkchmksfill FkSfy;kuk (Arabidopsis thaliana)] eddk ¼Zea mays½] /kku ¼Oryza sativa½] lks;kchu ¼Glycine max½] es afmdkxks VªdSVqyk (Medicago truncatula)] Tokj ¼Sorghum bicolor½ br;kfn iks/kksa dh iztkfr;ksa ds ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds iks/kksa ds ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- MkVkcsl ih0,e-vkj-mh- ls MkmuyksM fd;k x;k ¼Qwfy;kax vkfn] 2004½A bu ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dks lanhkz lewg ¼jsQsjsalesaV½ ds :i es blrseky fd;k x;k gsa vjgj ds laiw.kz thukse dks v/kz'kq"d izns'kksa ds fy, varjkz"vªh; v/kz&'kq"d m".k dfvca/kh; Qly vuqla/kku lalfkku ¼vkbZ-lh-vkj-,l-,- Vh&bØhlSV½ ds osolkbv (http://www.icrisat.org/gt-bt/iipg) ls MkmuyksM fd;k x;k gsa tso izks ksfxdh lwpuk ds fy, jk"vªh; dsunz ¼,l-lhch-vkbZ-½ ds osclkbv ls CykLV (BLAST) lkw Vos;j dks rqyukred v/;;u ds fy, MkmuyksM fd;k x;k ¼vyRLpqy vkfn] 1990½A vjgj dh laiw.kz thukse vlsacyh vuqøe es 'kkfey 10597,e-vkj-,u-,- vuqøeksa dks CykLV&,u (BLAST-N) dh lgk;rk ls [kkstk x;ka bl ltkrh; [kkst ds fy, bz&osy;w <=0.01 j[kh xbz vksj de tfvyrk fqyvj lfgr ewy :i ls miflfkr ekudksa ds eku dk mi;ksx fd;k x;ka izkir ifj.kkeksa dksa tkapus ds fy, rhu ekinam blrseky fd, x,a 1- izr;sd lahkkfor vjgj dks ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vksj lanhkz lewg esa miflfkr ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds chp 95% ls vf/kd dh lekurk 2- izr;sd lahkkfor vjgj ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vksj lanhkz lsv ls lacaf/kr ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds chp yackbz dk varj rhu U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l ls vf/kd u gksa 3- lahkkfor vjgj ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh yackbz 19&24 U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l ds chp gkasuk pkfg;sa vkdkj esa yxhkx 100 U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l dh,d LykbfMax foamks dk mi;ksx djds izh&ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vuqøeks a dks [kkst dj fudkyk x;ka fudys x, ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- izh*dlzj vuqøeksa,e&qksym (mfold) ¼tqdj] 2003½ uked lkw Vos;j ij pyk;k x;k rkfd myvk eksm+us ij mudh f}rh;d lajpuk dks tkapk tk ldsa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds izr;kf'kr gkseksykwxl dks tkapus ds fy, Ng pj.kksa okys funsz'k dk mi;ksx fd;k x;ka ¼1½ bl v/;;u esa oksekbøks&vkj-,u-,- pqus x, ftuds vkj-,u-,- vuqøe foijhr fn'kk esas eqm+dj,d LVse&ywi gs;jfiu tslh lajpuk cukrs gsa vksj bl lajpuk ds nwljh rjq 22 U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l ftruk yack ifjido ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vuqøe flfkr gksa ¼2½ iwokzuqekfur ifjido ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds vuqøe vksj nwljh rjq miflfkr ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vuqøe ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vuqøe esa Ng ls T;knk U;wfDy;ksVkbM~l dk esy u gksa ¼3½ ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds mhkkj okys LFkku ij vf/kdre lkr U;wfDy;ksVkbMl gksa ¼4½ ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- izh&dlzj dh f}rh;d lajpuk esa eqdr ÅtkZ ifjorzu dh ek=k ( G) 37 fdyks dsyksjh (kcal) ls de ;k cjkcj gksa ¼5½,sls izh&dlzj vuqøe ftles a A+U

Hkkjrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku if=dk 53 dh ek=k 30 ls 70 izfr'kr rd gksa ¼6½ ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- izh&dlzj vuqøeksa esa dksbz ywi ;k fohkktu u gksa bl izdkj mu izh&dlzj vuqøeksa dks vyx fd;k x;k tksfd lkeku; :i ls ldkjkred :i ls ldkjkred izrhr gksrs FksA vlyh ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- izh&dlzj vuqøeksa dks /kkj.kk ds vk/kkj ij leku fn[kus okys ekbøks&vkj-,u-,-izh&dlzj ls vyx djus ds fy,,e-vkbz- izsm (MiPred) uked lozj dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k ¼ft;kax vkfn] 2007½A ifj.kke,oa foospuk ifjido ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ewy iztkfr;ksa ls ubz iztkfr;ks a rd fodkl ds nksjku lajf{kr jgrs gs aa ;g tkudkjh gesa lax.kukred fof/k;ksa ds }kjk u, ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- gkseksykwxl dk vuqeku esa l{ke cukrh gsa blfy;s] ih,evkjmh lozj ls iwoz esa Kkr ifjido ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dk mi;ksx vjgj esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds gkseksykwx dks [kkstus ds fy, fd;k x;ka iks/kksa esa Kkr lhkh ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds lanhkz lewg dks vjgj ds leiw.kz thukse ij CykLV ls [kkst ds ckn 10876 leku vuqøe feysa bu vuqøeksa esa oks vuqøe ftudh bz*osy;q 0-01 ls de Fkh vksj vuqøe dh yackbz 19 ls 25 U;wfDy;ksVkbMl Fkh] dks pquk x;ka bl izdkj gesa 66 vuqøe feysa bu 66 vuqøeksa ij 100 U;wfDy;ksVkbMl dh LykbfMax foamks dks ysdj izh&dlzj vuqøeksa dk fudkl fd;k x;ka bu lhkh izh&dlzj vuqøeksa dks,e&qksym izksxzke ij pykdj f}rh;d lajpuk dks fu/kkzfjr fd;k x;ka bu lhkh f}rh;d lajpukvksa ds fy, eqdr ÅtkZ fudkyh xbz fqj mu lajpukvksa dks vyx fd;k x;k ftudh eqdr ÅtkZ &37 fdyks dsyksjh@eksy ls de vksj cjkcj Fkh vksj mhkjk vkdkj 7 lsde ;k cjkcj FkkA varr% bl tkap ds i'pkr 11 lahkkfor ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ¼rkfydk&1½ vksj muds izh&dlzj vuqøeksa dks NkaVk x;k tks eqm+dj,d gs;jfiu tslh lajpuk cukrs FksA oa'kkoyh fo'ys"k.k izh ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds vuqøeksa ds vk/kkj ij igpkus x;s X;kjg ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dks vyx&vyx ifjokjksa esa oxhzd`r fd;k x;k] ftlesa vkj&qse (Rfam) laldj.k 11-0 ds 6 Kkr vkj-,u-,- ifjokj 'kkfey ik, x,] budk forj.k rkfydk&2 ea s fn[kk;k x;k gs ¼fxzfQFl&tksusl vkfn] 2005½A bu N% ifjokj ds lnl;ksa ds chp esxk (MEGA) 5.1 ds }kjk ;wihth,e, (UPGMA) Vªh dk mi;ksx dj fodkloknh laca/kksa dks fpf=r fd;k x;k ¼fp=&1½ ¼rewjk vkfn] 2001½A Ng ifjokjksa dh oa'kkoyh ls Li"V :i ls ;g Kkr gqvk fd vjgj esa miyc/k ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vu; nygu iztkfr;ks a tsls lks;kchu ¼Xykblhu esdl Glycine max½ vksj esfmdkxks VªadSVqyk (Medicago truncatula) ds lkfk lewg cuk jgs FksA rkfydk&1 % vjgj ls 11 vuqekfur ekbøks vkj-,u-,- ds vuqøe vksj mudk thuksfed LFkkuksa ij fooj.ka ekbøks vkj-,u-,- Øksekslkse LVªSaM 'kq:vkr var flfkfr esy dh ifjido ekbøks vkj-,u-,- uacj dh flfkfr lhek cca-mir-159 12 + 7822323 7822345 23/23 uuggacugaaggggagcuccuuc cca-mir-172d 12-8623487 8623509 23/23 augcagcaucaucaagauucuca cca-mir-396f 12-10154513 10154536 24/24 aggcauaagaaguucaagaaagcu cca-mir-396d 12-10154458 10154481 24/24 gccauauucucccacagcuuucuu cca-mir-168 12-6465715 6465738 24/24 gaucccgccuugcaucaacugaau cca-mir-172e 12 + 5181548 5181571 24/24 ggaaucuugaugaugcugcagcag cca-mir-172 12 + 12091231 12091253 23/23 ugagaaucuugaugaugcugcau cca-mir-1510a 2 + 11874905 11874927 23/23 uuguuguuuuaccuauuccaccc cca-mir-169d 6-11248022 11248044 23/23 accggcaagucauccuuggcuca cca-mir-160b 6 + 16383258 16383280 23/23 ugccuggcucccugaaugccauc cca-mir-160a 6 + 16383258 16383280 23/23 ugccuggcucccugaaugccauc

54 o"kz 33 vad (1)] 2018 mir-159 ifjokj mir-160 ifjokj mir-172 ifjokj mir-396 ifjokj mir-159_5 ifjokj mir-168 ifjokj rkfydk&2 % 6 Kkr vkj&qse ifjokjksa dh lwph vksj vjgj esa iwokzuqekfur ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds fy, muls feys lnl; MIR159 MIR396 MIR168 MIR169_2 mir-160 cca-mir-159 cca-mir-396f, cca-mir-396d cca-mir-168 cca-mir-169d cca-mir-160b, cca-mir-160a mir-172 cca-mir-172d, cca-mir-172e, cca-mir-172 y{; iwokzuqeku ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds dk;ksza dk fu/kkzj.k djus esa muds fu;ked y{;ksa dh igpku djuk,d izeq[k pquksrh gsa iks/ks esa ik;s tkus okys ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vksj muds y{; ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vksj ;k 3 ;wvhvkj ds chp mpp dh fmxzh iwjdrk ikbz tkrh gsa bl rf; dks blrseky djds iw.kz thukse ij,evkj,u,&ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh iwjdrk dks LdSu fd;k x;k vksj y{;ksa dks [kkstk x;ka,diyz fløiv fodflr fd;k x;k ftldk mi;ksx vjgj ds 39945 ;wuhthu vkadm+k lewg ij djds 3 UTR vuqøe fudkyk x;ka iks/kksa esa] ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- vius y{; dks iw.kz ;k yxhkx iw.kz laiwjdrk ¼tksal&gksZMsl vkfn] 2004½ }kjk ck/; djrs gsaa vjgj esas ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds y{;ksas dk iwokzuqeku ds fy, ehjkamk (Miranda) ¼,ujkbV vkfn] 2003½ uked lkw Vos;j dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k tks fd lkaf[;dh; ekin.mks a ds lkfk Fkeks ZMk;ukfeDl vksj Mk;ukfed&izksxzkfeax dk iz;ksx djrk gsa y{; dh tkap djrs le; dbz dm+s fqyvjksa dk mi;ksx dj i`"bhkwfe le:irk dks de djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;ka

Hkkjrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku if=dk 55 rkfydk&3 % ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- y{; vksj muds d`f=e dk;ksza dk fooj.ka VkjxsV ekbøks& VkjxsV QaD'kuy vuksvs'ku GOs vkj-,u-,- lkbv~l PUT-183a cca-mir thvkbzi ysdvhu,l&fjlsivj 5,Q%fjlsIVj,fDVfoVh %,Vhih fcafmx] izksvhu vjgj&988-172e 1 &ykbzd flfju Fkzsvksukbu& flfju@ Fkzsvksukbu dkbul,fdvfofv izksvhu dkbul PUT-183a cca-mir 1 thvkbzi ysdvhu,l&fjlsivj 5,Q%fjlsIVj,fDVfoVh %,Vhih fcafmx] izksvhu vjgj&8473-172 &ykbzd flfju Fkzsvksukbu& flfju@ Fkzsvksukbu dkbul,fdvfofv izksvhu dkbul PUT-183a cca-mir 1 thvkbzi ysdvhu,l&fjlsivj 5,Q % lhdosal LisflfQd Mh,u, ckbafmax vjgj&10024-172d bfkkbfyu&jliksaflo VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfoVh] vksfdljhm~r VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfofV] Mh,u, ckbafmax PUT-183a cca-mir 1 thvkbzi ysdvhu,l&fjlsivj 5,Q % izksvhu lsfju@fks zvksukbu dkbusl,fdvfovh] vjgj&12289-172 dsflu dkbusl vkbzvkbz,vhih ckbafmx lhdosal&lisflfqd Mh,u, lc;wfuv vyqk ou ykbzd ckbafmax VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfoVh ih% QksVksisfjvksfMLe] izksvhu QksLQksjsbys'ku] jsxqys'ku vkwq VªkalfØI'ku Mh,u,& fmisamsavbu yksjblsuls MsoyiesaV lh % IykfLVM] IykTek eseczsu PUT-183a cca-mir 1 VªkalfØI'ku QDVj visvsyk 5,Q % Mh,u, ckbafmx lhdos al&lisflfqd Mh,u, vjgj&17331-172e VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfoVh lh % U;wfDy;l PUT-183a cca-mir 1 th VkbZi ysdvhu,l fjlsivj 5,Q % fjlsivj,fdvfovh %,Vhih ckbafmax] izksvhu vjgj&23222-172e ykbzd flfju Fkz svksukbu izksvhu flfju@fkz svksukbu dkbul,fdvhfovh dkbul ih% jsdksfi'ku vkwq iksysu] izksvhu QksLQksjhys'ku PUT-183a cca-mir 1 bfkkbfyu&jliksaflo 4,Q % lhdosal LisflfQd Mh,u, ckbafmax vjgj&30782-172d VªkalfØI'ku QDVj VªkalfØI'ku QDVj] Mh,u, ckbafmax lh % U;wfDy;l PUT-183a cca-mir 1 U;wfDy;j VªkalfØI'ku QDVj 4,Q % LisfLfQd Mh,u, ckbafmax VªkalfØI'ku vjgj&31366-169d QDVj,fDVhfoVh Mh,u, ckbafmax lh % lhlh,,vh&ckbfmax QDVj dkweiysdl PUT-183a cca-mir 1 eksfydqyj QaD'ku uksv usu 0 & vjgj&33837-1510a PUT-183a cca-mir 1 bfkkbfyu&jliksaflo 3,Q % LisfLfQd ckbafmax VªkalfØI'ku QDVj vjgj&34704-172e VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfoVh Mh,u, ckbafmax

a a 56 o"kz 33 vad (1)] 2018 PUT-183a cca-mir 1 eksfydqyj QaD'ku irk ugha 0 & vjgj&35417-172e PUT-183a cca-mir 1 fvj&,uch,l&vkbzvkjvkj 3,Q % vms;y fjcksuqdysvksvkbm ckbafmax vjgj&39033-1510e jsftlvsa'k izksvhu ih% jsliksal Vw flveqyql] lasy de;qfuds'ku PUT-183a cca-mir 172, 1]1 bfkkbfyu&jliksaflo 3,Q % Mh,u, ckbafmax lhdos al] LisflfQd Mh,u, vjgj&39549 cca-mir-172e VªkalfØI'ku QDVj ckbafmax VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfofV PUT-183a cca-mir 160b, 1]1 dksbysm&dksby Mksesu 2,Q % eksfydqyj QaD'ku vjgj&42042 cca-mir-160a dvsafuax izksvhu ih% ck;ksyksftdy izkslsl PUT-183a cca-mir 1]1 VªkalfØI'ku QDVj visvsyk 6,Q % Mh,u, ckbafmax lhdos al] LisflfQd Mh,u, vjgj&50715-172e ckbafmax VªkalfØI'ku QDVj,fDVhfofV lh % U;wfDy;l PUT-183a cca-mir 1 th VkbZi ysdvhu,l fjlsivj 8,Q % dkckszgkbmªsv ckbafmax izksvhu Vkbjlhu vjgj&55892-172e ykbzd flfju Fks zvksukbu dkbul dkbul,fdvhfovh],vhih ckbafmax] izksvhu flfju @Fkzsvksukbu dkbul,fdvfovh ih % fjliksal Vq fpfru] jsfijvksjh clvz bzuoksyom bu fmqsal fjliks al] iksysu] izksvhu QksLQksjhys'ku vjgj ds&3 ;wvhvkj vuqøeks a ij vuqekfur X;kjg ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh y{;lkbv~l dh izkfkfed LØhfuax ls 95 ehvkj,u, %%,evkj,u, lajs[k.k feysa mlds ckn bu lajs[k.kks dks etcwr {ks= iwjdrk ds fy, LdSu fd;k x;ka G:U oksccyl ehvkj,u, % %,evkj,u, MqIysDl 5*,aM {ks= esa de ik;s tkrs gsaa 5* {ks= ds dk;kzred :i ls eku; iwjdksa dks izkir djus ds fy, vuqøeksa esa,d ls T;knk [kkyhlfkkuks dks ugha fy;k x;ka ifj.kkelo:i vjgj esa 49 lahkkfor ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- y{; thuksa dh Hkfo";ok.kh gqbza bu 49 y{; thuksa esa ls 16 us iks/kksa ds thu ¼rkfydk&3 esa la{ksi½ ds lkfk dk;kzred lekurk,s a fn[kkbza vuqekfur ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- y{;ksa ds dk;ksza esa mrizsjd xfrfof/k] U;wfDyd,flM@izksVhu ckbafmax vksj fofhkuu izfrys[ku fu;ked dkjd 'kkfey gsaa ;s y{; lsyqyj vksj vk.kfod izfø;kvksa esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- }kjk thu fofu;eu ds dbz Lrjksa ds fy, izek.k iznku djrs gsaa y{; cgqyrk vksj lghkkfxrk dbz vuqekfur ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- ds y{; es a cgqyrk fn[kkbz nh ftudk fofhkuu vuqøeksa,oa midj.kksa ds lkfk&lkfk vyx forj.k fn[kka cca-mir-172e esa vf/kdre 99 y{; CykLV vksj 10 y{; ih-,l-vkj-,u-,- (psrna) y{; lozj ds lkfk izkir gq, ¼Mkb,aM Tgvks] 2011½A 3&;wVhvkj vuqøeksa dks ysdj cca-mir-1510a ¼rkfydk 4½ esa vf/kdre y{; dh Hkfo";ok.kh dh xbza orzeku v/;;u esa fjiksvz fd, x, vuqekfur ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- y{;] vjgj ds thukse dh v/kwjh fvii.kh ds dkj.k dsoy miyc/k dqy y{;ksa dk,d milewg gsa y{;ksa dh dqy la[;k dk vkadyu vjgj ds izksvhu&dksfmax thuks a dh rqyuk ds cjkcj gs vksj ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- }kjk thu vfhko;fdr dk fofu;eu dk thofokku esa,d cm+h Hkwfedk fuhkkrk gsa y{;ks a dh,d cm+h la[;k dk vuqeku ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- }kjk la;ksth thu fofu;eu ds lkfk tqm+k gqvk gs vksj ;g izfrys[ku dkjdksa ds vuqlkj leku gksrk gs] ftlls dksf'kdkvkasa esa,d fof'k"v izdkj ds thu dh vfhko;fdr

Hkkjrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku if=dk 57 gksrh gs ¼gkscsVZ] 2004½A ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- y{;ksa dh Hkfo";ok.kh tsfod dk;ksza dks iznku djus ds fy,,d osdfyid n`f"vdks.k iznku djrh gsa fu"d"kz iks/ks esa ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- dh [kkst vksj dk;z'khy Hkwfedkvks a esa mudh Hkkxhnkjh ds c<+rs izhkko uas tho fokku esa cgqr mrlkg isnk fd;k gsa orzeku v/;;u esa igpkus x, vuqekfur ekbøks&vkj-,u-,-vkssj muds y{; muds izk;ksfxd lr;kiu ds fy, fof'k"v lalk/kuksa dk dk;z djsaxsa bl v/;;u ds }kjk izkir ifj.kke gesas cgqewy; tkudkjh ns ldrs gsa ftldk mi;ksx ge ekbøks&vkj-,u-,- }kjk fofu;fer QsuksVkbi ds dk;kzred fo'ys"k.k ds fy, mi;ksx dj ldrs gsaa lanhkz Anonymous (2012). (http://faostat.fao.org/). Altschul, S.F., Gish, W., Miller,W., Myers, E.W., Lipman, D.J. (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol. Biol.215(3): 403-410. Aukerman, M.J. and Sakai, H. (2003) Regulation of flowering time and floral organ identity by a microrna and its APETALA2-Like target genes. Plant Cell15: 2730-2741. Dai, X. and Zhao, P.X. (2011) psrnatarget: A Plant Small RNA Target Analysis Server. Nucleic Acids Res.doi: 10.1093/nar/GKR319. Enright, A.J., John, B., Gaul, U., Tuschl, T., Sander, C. et al. (2003) MicroRNA targets in Drosophila. Genome Biol.5: R1. Fuliang, X., Taylor, P.F. and Zhang, B. (2010) Identification and characterization of micrornas and their targets in the bioenergy plant switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Planta232: 417-434. Griffiths-Jones, S., Moxon, S., Marshall, M., Khanna, A., Eddy, S.R. et al. (2005) Rfam: annotating non-coding RNAs in complete genomes. Nucleic Acids Res.33: D121 124. Hobert, O. (2004) Common logic of transcription factor and microrna action. Trends Biochem Sci.29: 462 468. Jiang, P, Wu, H, Wang, W, Ma, W, Sun, X et al. (2007) MiPred: classification of real and pseudo microrna precursors using random forest prediction model with combined features. Nucleic Acids Res. 35: W339-W344. Jones-Rhoades, M.W., Bartel, D.P. (2004) Computational identification of plant micrornas and their targets, including a stress-induced mirna. Mol Cell. 14:787 799. Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M.et al. (2001). MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using Maximum Likelihood, Evolutionary Distance, and Maximum Parsimony Methods.Mol Biol Evol.28: 2731-2739. Varshney, R.K., Penmetsa, R.V., Dutta, S., Kulwal, P.L., Saxena, R.K.et al. (2010) Pigeonpea genomics initiative (PGI): an international effort to improve crop productivity of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.). Mol Breed.26: 393 408. Zuker, M. (2003) Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction. Nucleic Acids Res31(13): 3406 3415.