SOLUTIONS TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF VESSELS SUSTAINABLE SHIPPING INITIATIVE SAVE AS YOU SAIL Maarten van der Klip 1
Market Trends and Requirements 100 Fuel Prices Total Tonnage Supply > Demand fleet utilization competition freight charter rates Average vessels speed New vessels with latest technologies and lower speed could be 15-25% more efficient Lifecycle of a vessel 25-30 yrs 80% of current merchant tonnage is younger than 15 years How can current fleet become more efficient? 2
Influencing Factors for Overall Ship Efficiency Vessel Design System Integration Minimised emissions Equipment Technology Fuel Flexibility Vessel Operation CAPEX OPEX Models Partnership Maximised energy efficiency Optimised through-life costs Upgrades Retrofits Vessel Maintenance 3
Wärtsilä Offering Capability Service agreements Ship design Communication and control Flow & gas solutions Propulsion Automation Environmental solutions Power drives Engines Seals & bearings Power distribution 4
Collaborative Efficiency Improvement Additional Efficiency Optimisers Efficiency Improvements Main Focus Main Focus Areas for Ship Efficiency Improvements Main effects expected here main focus Operation Speed Routing Trim Hull Hull optimisation Appendices Coating Cleaning Propulsion Optimised propeller Propulsion efficiency optimisers Main Engine Fuel efficiency optimisers Slow Steaming Upgrades Engine de-rating and re-sizing After ME Boilers Economisers Waste-heat recovery Shaft generators Control and automation Gensets efficiency Energy consumers efficiency Monitoring Efficiency focused maintenance Customized efficiency audits and improvement projects Various types of long-term service agreements 5
Members of the Sustainable Shipping Initiative Says model Knowledge Partners to the SSI 6
Save as you Sail (SAYS) Pilot KEY INPUTS OUTPUTS Initial Investment Expected Fuel Savings Bunker Price Technology Outputs (% Fuel Savings, daily consumption) Efficiency Premium (calculated as agreed % of expected fuel savings) Loan Profile (duration, interest) Increased charter rates Loan Payments Net Savings Charterer s savings 7
Propulsion Solutions 8
Basics Propulsion Hydrody namics Indication loss factors of a representative propeller Axial losses 20% Frictional losses 15% Efficiency 60% Rotational losses 5% 9
Propulsion Improvement Up to 8 % efficiency improvement Modern design propeller Efficiency improvement up to 8 % Field of application Large fixed pitch propellers Bulkers, tankers etc conventional propeller design Tip rake propeller design 10
propulsion efficiency [-] Nozzle Up to 15 % efficiency improvement Conversion from Open to Ducted propellers Propulsion efficiencyfor open propeller and prop's surrounded by a nozzle shiptype coaster, bulker, multi purpose vessel 0.65 0.60 0.55 based on retrofit of open propeller by nozzle propeller Engine power and nominal shaft speed are kept the same nozzle propeller diameter optimized ~.90 of D open Power density = 550 kwm 2 tipspeed = 35 ms + 4% 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 HR nozzle + propeller 19A nozzle + propeller +15% open propeller + 9% D = 3.0 m Peng = 2300 kw n = 223 rpm D = 4.0 m Peng = 4100 kw n = 167 rpm D = 5.0 m Peng = 6400 kw n = 134 rpm 0.30 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ship speed [knots] 11
CFD Validation Computational Fluid Dynamics Solutions are calculated by the CFD department Calculating and comparing efficiency CFD is used for determination of strut angle Wakefield measurements of existing model test helps determine calculation parameters 12
Main Engine Solutions 13
Main Engine Fuel Efficiency versus Vessel Speed New operational reality Old speed range 15-25% efficiency improved Fuel consumption over speed for existing vessels Fuel consumption over speed for new Eco vessels 14
Improving Efficiency with Slow Steaming Upgrade Kit MV AGLAIA : 8RTA62U 2 TC ABB VTR564 TC 1 cut-out MV MAERSK ALGOL 12RT-flex96C-B 3 TC ABB TPL85 TC 2 cut-out Measured specific fuel oil savings, ISO corrected Measured specific fuel oil savings, ISO corrected MV HYUNDAI GRACE 8RT-flex96C-B 2 TC MET 83SE TC 1 cut-out 3 measurement points only Measured specific fuel oil savings, ISO corrected Reference List by September 2012 Total contracted 85 Total in service 72 Savings up to 7.0% 15
Advanced and Customized Efficiency Solutions Combination of various measures Operational e.g. reduced speed, weather routing, vessel trim Hull e.g. bulbous bow, vessel aft-end, appendices Coating Propulsion e.g. optimized propeller design, energy saving devices Main Engine e.g. tuning options, de-rating, SSUK, re-sizing, etc. Other e.g. automation, auxiliary engines, monitoring, etc. Customized solutions Efficiency Audits Customized Retrofit Pre-studies Customized Retrofit Design & Implementation Projects Customized service agreements with efficiency focus and performance guarantees 16
Combined technologies on one ship >10% saving Advanced Foul Release Coatings, Marine Antifouling Coating Intersleek 1100SR, Intersleek Optimized Propulsion Slow Steaming 17
Save as you Sail (SAYS) Pilot Financial Model Review Procedures Data provided by WartsilaAkzoNobel Fuel Savings as % Cost of Upgrade Other technological inputs Input tested Fuel Price Volatility Sailing Time Efficiency Premium Loan Profile Interest, duration Investment Appraisal Investment Appraisal Criteria Developed Discounted (and simple) Payback Period Net Present Value Internal Rate of Return Sensitivity Analyses on: Heavy Factors: Sailing Time Fuel Price Volatility Efficiency Premium Soft Factors: Loan Profile (interest, duration) Loan to Value 18
Save as you Sail (SAYS) Pilot Financial Model Assumptions Sailing Time 250 days Fuel Price $ 611 per tonne Efficiency Premium 50% of Expected Fuel Savings Investment Appraisal Payback Period (Years) 2.5 years Net Present Value ($ 000) 522 Internal Rate of Return (%) 82% Assumptions Sailing Time 208 days Fuel Price $ 611 per tonne Efficiency Premium 50% of Expected Fuel Savings Investment Appraisal Payback Period (Years) 3.0 years Net Present Value ($ 000) 380 Internal Rate of Return (%) 59% Assumptions Sailing Time 250 days Fuel Price $ 458 per tonne (-25%) Efficiency Premium 50% of Expected Fuel Savings Investment Appraisal Payback Period (Years) 3.5 years Net Present Value ($ 000) 309 Internal Rate of Return (%) 49% Assumptions Sailing Time 250 days Fuel Price $ 611 per tonne Efficiency Premium 40% of Expected Fuel Savings Investment Appraisal Payback Period (Years) 3.3 years Net Present Value ($ 000) 352 Internal Rate of Return (%) 55% 19
Save as you Sail (SAYS) Pilot Financial Model DISCOUNTED PAYBACK PERIOD (in years) Investment Cost: $ 370k Sailing Days: 250 Efficiency Premium (% of Expected Fuel Savings) Fuel Price (USD per tonne) 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 733 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.3 4.5 8.3 > 10 703 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.5 4.8 9.0 > 10 672 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.5 5.3 9.8 > 10 642 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.8 5.5 > 10 > 10 611 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.3 2.5 3.0 4.0 6.0 > 10 > 10 580 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.3 4.3 6.3 > 10 > 10 550 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.8 3.5 4.5 7.0 > 10 > 10 519 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 3.0 3.8 5.0 7.5 > 10 > 10 489 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.3 4.0 5.5 8.3 > 10 > 10 20
Thank you! Maarten van der Klip Maarten.vanderklip@wartsila.com www.wartsila.com 21