NEW YORK STATE 2017 PROCESSING PEA CULTIVAR TRIAL REPORT

Transcription

1 NEW YORK STATE 2017 PROCESSING PEA CULTIVAR TRIAL REPORT James Ballerstein - Research Support Specialist, Horticulture Section New York State Agricultural Experiment Station - Cornell University, Geneva, New York Stephen Reiners Professor and Chair, Horticulture Section New York State Agricultural Experiment Station - Cornell University, Geneva, New York PROCEDURE AND MATERIALS Location: NYS Agricultural Research Farm, Geneva - soil type silt loam. Tillage Conventional. Fertilizer: broadcast 400 lb/a of and worked in. Planter Modified Hege 80 (cone type). Planting Date 4/28. Picking started on 6/20 and we finished on 7/8. Herbicide Raptor, Thistrol, Assure and Basagran mix post plant 4/28. Plot Size: 7 rows by 30 ft. Row Width: 6 inches, Row length: 30 ft. In-row Spacing: All cultivars were adjusted (seed planted) to 100 germination. Our processor has asked us to shoot for 600,000 plants per acre for early, 570,000 for second early and 550,000 plants per acre for the rest). Insecticide none. Experimental Design Randomized split block design, 4 replications (3 replications were harvested and another was left for demonstration). Model TG4EI Integrating Texturegage measure for maturity. The objective of this trial was to compare a number of normal leaf and afila type pea varieties for yield and other quality characteristics. This was accomplished in cooperation with the pea processor in New York in an attempt to find new, higher quality, and disease resistant varieties that are adapted to our climate and soil conditions. Evaluation of processed product was held on 11/5 for processing and seed company representatives. Yield of seven rows by 5 feet per replication (35 Row feet) was obtained by pulling the plants and hand picking the pods. Two harvests were made if possible to plot yield increase and also tenderometer reading increase. A target tenderometer value of 110 was used for the final harvest. A stationary sheller was used to remove berries from the harvested pods. Tenderometer readings were taken on each replication and averaged for the report. Pea berries were hand sieved with Seedburo hand testing screens. See following table for details. Table 1. size diameters. Diameter of circular Opening in MM (inches) Size Will not pass through Will pass through (16/64) 7.1 (18/64) (18/64) 7.9 (20/64) (20/64) 8.7 (22/64) (22/64) 9.5 (24/64) (24/64) 10.3 (26/64) (26/64) 11.1 (28/64) Temperature and moisture Conditions Soil conditions were decent at planting but a hard rain shortly afterwards created crusting. A crust buster was used to lightly scratch the soil but smaller seeded cultivars seemed to have been hurt more than the larger seeded ones. This field had peas in it 2015 but it was the only field I could plant at the time I needed to or the trial would not have been planted. Higher than normal rains along with the hard soild conditions resulted in root rot symptoms showing up around flower. Night temperatures were low 30s. Plants were slow to emerge and many were not as uniform as they should have been. Yields were lower than some years due to lower stands and ranged from 800 lbs per acre to 8596 lbs per acre. See the weather insert at the end of the summary for a breakdown of temperatures and precipitation over the growing season. Please direct any questions to the following mailing address, phone number or address.

2 Contact information - Jim Ballerstein, (phone) jwb2@cornell.edu ( ) We wish to thank the NYS Vegetable Research Council and Association and cooperating seed companies for their financial support of the project. We wish to thank Mr. Buzz Lowe of Farm Fresh First for his assistance in planning the trials. My thanks to team members Floyd Baker, Helen Terra, Wayne Hansen, Matt Gates, Alison Mahoney, Arielle Brotherton, Andrea Lewis and Misty Hotelling and for their assistance in day to day operations. Table of Contents Pages 1 Page 2 Pages 3&4 Pages 5&6 Pages 7&8 Pages 9-14 Title Page and Table 1 Size Diameters Table of Contents Table 2. Cultivar List and Seed Company Maturity Table 3 Plant Characteristics Table 3A - Plot Stand description Table 4 - Maturity, Information and Yield (In order of maturity) Page 15 Explanations for Tables 4 and 5 Pages 16&17 Pages 18&19 Pages Pages Pages 26&27 Table 5. Plant and Pod Characteristics Table 6. Tenderometer readings and Maturity Comments Cultivar Descriptions from the Seed Source Table 7. Weather Summary and 110 tenderometer unit adjustment chart

3 Table 2 - Cultivar List and Maturity From Seed Source Cultivar HU Seed Source Leaf Type Seed Treatment Seed Count/lb Germ. index Node to blossom Spring std 1050 Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL to 10 Para 1100 Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL FR Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL P Pureline afila Maxim/Apron XL PLS M Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS to 10 BSC Brotherton Normal maxim+apronxl Maxim4FS, GV afila ApronXL,Cruiser5FS BSC Brotherton afila maxim+apronxl Maxim4FS, Austin 1250 GV afila ApronXL,Cruiser5FS N Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL Portage std 1305 Crites afila maxim &apronxl Lil Mo std 1320 Seminis Normal A,C, Cr to 11 BSC Brotherton Normal maxim+apronxl SV7401QH 1340 Seminis DetA A,C, Cr Iona 1348 Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL N 1350 Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS CS 460AF 1350 Crites afila maxim &apronxl PLS Pureline afila Maxim/Apron XL Pureline Normal Maxim/Apron XL GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS Impact 1380 Brotherton afila maxim+apronxl BSCP Brotherton Normal maxim+apronxl Maxim4FS, GV Normal ApronXL,Cruiser5FS PLS Pureline afila Maxim/Apron XL PLS Pureline afila Maxim/Apron XL Reliance 1420 Seminis DetA A,C, Cr CS 433AF 1430 Crites afila maxim &apronxl BL419 d (59 dacolumbia Normal Vibrance Maxx SV8112QH 1430 Seminis DetA A,C, Cr BSCP Brotherton afila maxim+apronxl DA1470 std 1470 Seminis DetA A,C, Cr CS 440AF 1475 Crites afila maxim &apronxl

4 Table 2 continuted - Cultivar List and Maturity From Seed Source Cultivar HU Seed Source Leaf Type Seed Treatment Seed Count/lb Germ. SV1231QF 1480 Seminis afila A,C, Cr SV0371QF 1480 Seminis afila A,C, Cr index Node to blossom BL2404 mid Columbia afila Vibrance Maxx GV afila GV afila GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS 2067? 3.7 Lochsa 1500 Crites afila maxim &apronxl Welland 1505 Crites afila maxim &apronxl SV7688QF 1520 Seminis DetA A,C, Cr SV0893QF 1525 Seminis Normal A,C, Cr Ricco 1530 GV afila GV afila GV normal Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS 2707? 3.6 Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS BL415 mid-late Columbia Normal Vibrance Maxx / GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS SV6844QG 1600 Seminis afila A,C, Cr Trinity 1535 Crites afila maxim &apronxl Concept 1620 Brotherton afila maxim+apronxl Natches 1550 Crites afila maxim &apronxl (old 506) 1650 GV afila Maxim4FS, ApronXL,Cruiser5FS BL403 late Columbia Normal Vibrance Maxx /16 BL2418 late Columbia afila Vibrance Maxx /17

5 Table 3. Plant Characteristics Cultivar Plant Stand Rating Heat Units to full flower Root Rot Rating Greenseeker Rating Plant Habit Rating (at Harvest) 1-5 (best) Overall Rating Spring std Para FR P PLS M BSC BSC Austin Lil Mo std Portage std SV0371QF CS 460AF SV7401QH Impact N Reliance CS 433AF DA1470 std Ricco BSC N BL BSCP CS 440AF SV7688QF

6 Table 3. Plant Characteristics continued: Cultivar Plant Stand Rating Heat Units to full flower Root Rot Rating Greenseeker Rating Plant Habit Rating (at Harvest) Overall Rating PLS SV1231QF BL Lochsa Welland BL Concept Iona SV0893QF BL BL PLS PLS Natches SV6844QG BSCP Trinity SV Plant Stand A rating four weeks after planting. 1=poor, 5 = excellent (see breakdown by rep table 3A) Heat Units to full flower (base 40 degrees) Root Rot Rating on evaluation trial - 1 = dead, 5 = completely healthy Greenseeker rating - an instrument measures plant cover over the plot. 0 equals no plants, 1.0 complete cover. At harvest. Plant Habit Rating of how well the plants stood at harvest. 1= flat on ground, 10 very erect Overall rating scale with 5 being best. (plant std, habit, overall health, yield potential)

7 Table 3A - Breakdown of stand ratings by replication Cultivar Stand Ratings on 6/5 Ave. of ratings 6/5/17 Plot rating for harv. on 6/19 (*,?, _) Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 Spring std *? _ * Para * *?? FR *? _? 11P *? PLS M *? ? * _? BSC * *?? * *?? BSC *?? * Austin * _?? N ?? Portage std ?? *? Lil Mo std ? _? * BSC _?? * SV7401QH * * * * Iona ? _?? 509-N * _?? * * * * CS 460AF * _? * PLS *?? * *?? * *? * * Impact *??? BSCP _? ? * PLS *? _? PLS *??? Reliance ???? CS 433AF * * * * BL _? _? SV8112QH _ * BSCP *? *? DA1470 std _? _? CS 440AF *?? * SV1231QF * * * *? SV0371QF _? *? BL *? *?

8 Table 3A Continued: Cultivar Stand Ratings on 6/5 Ave. of ratings 6/5/17 Plot rating for harv. on 6/19 (*,?, _) Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep 4 Rep 1 Rep 2 Rep 3 Rep * * * * ?? * * * * Lochsa *?? * Welland * _? * SV7688QF * * * * SV0893QF ?? _ * Ricco * * * * * * * * ? * BL ?? _? * * * * SV6844QG _ * Trinity Concept ?? Natches ?? * * * * BL _?? *? BL _? 6/5 rating: 0 equals all plants dead, 3 considered acceptable and 5 considered excellent. Plot rating for harv. on 6/19 (*,?, _) * is acceptable to good,? Is marginal, _ is unharvestable

9 Table 4. Maturity Distribution and Yield - (in order of maturity) Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) Spring std Para Para FR P PLS M BSC Plts. per foot

10 Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) BSC BSC Austin Austin Lil Mo std Lil Mo std Portage std Portage std SV0371QF CS 460AF CS 460AF Plts. per foot

11 Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) SV7401QH SV7401QH Impact N Reliance CS 433AF DA1470 std Ricco Plts. per foot

12 Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) BSC N BL BSCP CS 440AF CS 440AF Plts. per foot

13 Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) SV7688QF PLS SV1231QF BL BL Lochsa Welland BL Plts. per foot

14 Cultivar Rep Days to harv. Heat Units to Harv size index Ten. #/A Adjusted Yield Based on 110 TU Plants per A (1000) Concept Iona SV0893QF BL BL PLS PLS Natches SV6844QG Trinity, BSCP064 and SV8112 not able to harvest Plts. per foot

15 Explanation for Headings in Table 4. Days to Harvest - Number of days from planting until day of harvest. Heat Units to Harvest - Accumulation of heat units (base 40 degree F.) from planting until harvest. Adjusted heat units base 40 - Adjusted to 100 tenderometer reading. Two heat units were added for each unit below 100 and two units were subtracted for each unit above 100. Average sieve percentage - Berries were hand sieved with Seedburo screens. The table on the title page describes the size of the various sieves. Size index - size index reflects the mean sieve size of the variety at harvest. Tenderometer measurement - A model TG4EI Integrating Texturegage was used to determine the tenderometer units of each harvested plot. The average of the three harvested plots per cultivar was listed. Yield - Tons per acre - The weight of the harvested berries was extrapolated to tons per acre. Yield lbs/a - Pounds per acre was determined by extrapolating the total weight of the berries per plot to obtain lbs per acre. Harvest plot was 7 rows by 5 ft in length or 35 row feet. (43560 sq ft/a/.5 ft = 87,120 row ft per acre row ft /A divided by 35 harvested row ft gives a factor of This factor was multiplied by total berry weight harvested per plot to obtain lbs per acre. Adjusted Yield lbs/acre - 28 pounds was added for each tenderometer unit reading below pounds was subtracted for each tenderometer unit reading above 100. Plants/foot - Total number of plants harvested was divided by the 35 row feet harvested to arrive at plants per foot. Plant population per acre - An extrapolation of the number of harvested plants to plants per acre. Explanation for Headings in Table 5. This data was from 30 plants harvested the same day as our yield harvest that was closest to our objective of 100 tenderometer unit reading. Example Variety A was harvested twice at tenderometer readings of 99 and 116. The afternoon of the first harvest (99 units), 30 plants were harvested from the back of the plot, weighed and pods were hand stripped and berries were hand shelled. Node to first flower - The average number of nodes on the stem until the first flower (included that one or two at the soil line or below). Average Number of nodes with pods per plant - The number of nodes that had pods were counted and recorded. Weight of the 30 plant sample - The weight of the sample (plants and pods) was recorded in pounds. Weight of the plants - After the pods were taken off and weighed, the calculation was made of the plant weight. Weight of the pods - After the pods were hand picked from the plant, total weight of the pods was recorded in pounds. Weight of the berries - The berries were hand shelled from pods, counted and weighed in pounds. Pods per plant - The total number of pods was divided by 30 (number of plants) to determine average pods per plant. Percentage of single pods, double pods or triple pods per node - The number of pods per node were hand counted and the number of single pods, double pods and triple pods were recorded. This was changed to a percentage. Pod length - An average of 10 pods were lined up and measured in inches. If they were very uniform, a single number was listed, if not a range was listed. Berries per pod Ten uniform pods were selected and opened. The range of berries per pod in this group was listed.

16 Table 5. Plant and Pod Characteristics (In order of maturity) Cultivar Node to first flower vine length (inches) # Nodes with Pods/plt. Pods per plant # of Single pods/ node # of Double pods/ node # Triple pods/ node # of Quad. Pods /node of Single pods/ node of Double pods/ node Spring std 7 to to to 8 4 to 7 Para 8 to to to 8 5 to 8 FR-43 7 to to to 7 4 to 8 11P42 7 to to to 8 6 to 8 PLS M-14 7 to 9 12 to to 8 5 to to to to 8 5 to 7 BSC to to to 8 6 to to to to 9 5 to 8 BSC to to to 8 6 to 8 of Triple pods/ node of Quad. pods/ node Pod length (cm) Berries per pod Austin 9 to to to 7 6 to 10 Lil Mo std 8 to to to 7 5 to 8 Portage std 9 to to to 7 3 to 5 SV0371QF 10 to to to 7 7 to 10 CS 460AF 10 to to to 10 6 to to to to 9 5 to 8 SV7401QH 9 to to to 8 6 to to to to 10 5 to to to to 10 5 to 7 Impact 12 to to to 8 5 to 9 N to to to 8 5 to 8 Reliance 12 to to to 8 6 to 9 CS 433AF 10 to to to 8 5 to 6 DA1470 std 10 to to to 8 6 to to to to 11 5 to 9 Ricco 12 to to to 9 5 to to to to 8 6 to to to to 7 5 to 7 BSC to to to 8 4 to N 9 to to to 11 5 to 9

17 Table 5 continued: Cultivar Node to first flower vine length (inches) # Nodes with Pods/plt. Pods per plant # of Single pods/ node # of Double pods/ node # Triple pods/ node # of Quad. Pods /node of Single pods/ node of Double pods/ node BL to 16 9 to to 7 5 to 7 BSCP to to to 6 4 to 8 CS 440AF 11 to to to 8 6 to to to to 8 6 to 9 SV7688QF 12 to to to 8 5 to to to to 8 4 to to to to 9 7 to 9 PLS to to to 10 7 to 9 SV1231QF 11 to to to 8 6 to 7 BL to to to 9 5 to 9 Lochsa 10 to to to 8 6 to 7 Welland 12 to to to 7 6 to (old 506) 11 to to plant sample not completed 6 to 9 6 to 9 BL to to plant sample not completed 6 to 8 5 to 7 Concept 9 to 12 6 to 9 30 plant sample not completed 6 to 8 6 to 8 Iona 13 to to to to to 8 6 to 9 SV0893QF 11 to to to 8 5 to 8 BL to to to 7 5 to 8 BL to to plant sample not completed 6 to 8 6 to 8 PLS to to to 9 4 to 8 of Triple pods/ node of Quad. pods/ node Pod length (cm) Berries per pod PLS to to to 12 8 to 10 Natches 12 to to plant sample not completed SV6844QG 14 to to to 8 4 to 9 BSCP to to 15 SV8112QH 10 to 12 9 to 12 not enough plants to sample not harvested not harvested Trinity 11 to to plant sample not completed 6 to 10 7 to 9 See page 15 for column explanations.

18 Table 6. Maturity Tenderometer unit measurement (Days after planting - gray area indicates harvest dates) Day 56 Day 67 Day HU Day 57 Day 60 Day 61 Day 62 Day 63 Day 64 Day HU 27 HU 6/20 6/22 30 HU 6/23 23 HU 6/26 21 HU 6/27 20 HU 6/28 26 HU 6/29 30 HU 6/30 33 HU 7/1 7/3 Cultivar Spring std Para FR P PLS M BSC BSC Austin Lil Mo Portage SV0371QF CS 460AF SV7401QH Day HU 7/ Impact Day HU 7/6 N Reliance CS433AF DA Ricco Day HU 7/7 Day HU 7/8 Day HU 7/10

19 Cultivar Day HU 6/20 Day HU 6/22 Day HU 6/23 Day HU 6/26 Day HU 6/27 Day HU 6/28 Day HU 6/29 Day HU 6/30 Day HU 7/1 Day HU 7/ BSC N BL BSCP CS440AF Day HU 7/5 SV7688QF Day HU 7/6 PLS SV1231QF BL Lochsa Welland BL Concept Iona SV0893QF BL BL PLS PLS Natches Day HU 7/7 Day HU 7/8 Day HU 7/10 SV6844QG BSCP Samples were one gallon of pods (roughly one foot of row by 7 rows - one replication)

20 Additional Comments: General comments: It was difficult to draw any definitive conclusions from the trial due to the variation between and within the replicates or even within individual blocks. Normally three replications of plots are harvested and the average of the three listed in the report. Many cultivars did not have three reps harvested as seen in Table 4. Three cultivars did not have enough plants to harvest at all. Overall score based on visual observation and notes for all four replicates (4-best, 1 poorest). This rating takes into account root rot, plant type, berry type and yield if plant and pods looked good and yield was average, it still got a higher rating. * Indicates a 3.0 or better. Varieties in order of maturity. Spring Early standard, large sieve, two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.1, plant habit recumbent, overall rating *Para Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.9, uniform pods, one of the better early maturity cultivars, overall rating 3.1. FR-43 One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.4, smaller sieve, overall rating P42 No replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating 1.8. PLS M-14 One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.9, overall rating 1.9. BSC2014 Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.4, overall rating Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.4, overall rating 2.6. BSC3048 Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.4, overall rating 2.6. Austin One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.3, overall rating 1.5. Lil Mo One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.9, smaller sieve, overall rating 2.5. Portage One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.3, overall rating 2.7. SV0371QF One of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.2, overall rating 2.5. CS460AF Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.3, overall rating One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.2, overall rating 2.5. *SV7401QH Three out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3, yielded well, overall rating 3.3. *518 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.5, harvested overmature but uniform yield, overall rating 3.4. *410 Three out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.1, yielded well, overall rating 3.3.

21 Additional comments continued: Impact One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.2, overall rating 2.5. N069-5 No replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.3, overall rating 2.0. Reliance None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.1, overall rating 2.3. *CS433AF Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 4, yielded well, one of the best in trial, overall rating 3.4. DA1470 None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2, overall rating None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.2, overall rating 2.5. Ricco Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.7, good yields, overall rating 3.4. *522 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.3, harvested overmature but yielded well, overall rating 3.1. *8288 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.3, very good yield, overall rating 3.5. BSC5051 One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.5, indeterminate, overall rating N One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.8, overall rating 2.2. BL419 None of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.2, overall rating 2.2. *BSCP070 Three of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.1, decent yield, overall rating 3.1. CS440AF Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.4, overall rating 2.7. *2278 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.4, good yield, overall rating 3.3. *SV7688QF Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.3, good yields, overall rating 3.3. *8069 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3, good yields, overall rating One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2, overall rating 2.3. PLS179 One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3, overall rating 2.8. *SV1231QF Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3, decent yield, overall rating 3.1.

22 Additional comments continued: BL2404 Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.1, decent yield, overall rating 3.1. Lochsa Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.5, overall rating 2.5. Welland Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.6, overall rating 2.8. **5106 Four out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 3.5, good yield, one of the best, overall rating 3.5. BL403 None of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating 1.5. Concept - None of replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.3, overall rating 1. Iona None of replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.5, overall rating 2.5. SV 0893QF One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating 2.0. BL415 None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.8, overall rating 2.7. BL2418 None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.5, overall rating 1.5. PLS 183 One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.8, overall rating 2.8. PLS595 Two out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.8, overall rating 2.8. Natches None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2, overall rating 2.0. SV6844QG One out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 2.3, overall rating 2.5. BSCP064 None out of four replications acceptable stands, root rot rating 1.2, unable to harvest, overall rating 1.0 Trinity Very poor stands all reps, root rot rating 1.5, unable to harvest, overall rating 1.8. SV8112QH Very poor stands in all reps, root rot rating 2.2, unable to harvest, overall rating 1.0. Descriptions Provided by the Seed Source Spring Seminis, normal leaf, 1050 heat units, 4.5 average sieve size, 9 nodes to flower, 1-2 pods per plant, 6-7 berries per pod, 16 inch plant height, resistance to Fusarium wilt race 1. Para Pure Line, 1130 heat units, +2 compared to Spring, blooms at the 10 th node, 3.8 sieve size, R for Fusarium Wilt r2 and tolerance for root rot complexes. FR-43 Pure Line, 1130 heat units, +3 compared to Spring, blooms at the 10 th node, 3.2 sieve size. 11P42 Pure Line, afila, heat units, +3 compared to Spring, blooms at the 10 th node, 3.7 sieve size, T for Fusarium Wilt r2.

23 Descriptions provided by the seed source continued: PLSM-14 Pure Line, normal leaf type, 1132 heat units, +3 compared to Spring, 3.8 average sieve size, 10 nodes to first flower, R for Fusarium wilt race 1. FP2269 Gallatin Valley, Early afila leaf type with great emergence in cool soils. 57 days to maturity, Maturity near 1200 heat units, 10 nodes to first flower, 24 plant height, avg. 2 pods per node, 7-8 berries per pod, pod shape is blunt, 3.9 average sieve size. Fusarium (Fop) HR (1), Powdery Mildew (PM) HR(1). Good yield. BSC2014 Brotherton, early season freezer type, compare to Sherwood, 9 nodes to first flower, normal leaf, 4.1 sieve size, 1200 heat units. GV435 Gallatin Valley, First early afila type, have little or no root rot resistance, 57 days to maturity, 1200 avg. heat units, 10 nodes to first flower, 22 avg. plant height, avg. 2 pods per node, avg. sieve size 3.5, 8-9 berries per pod,. BSC 3048 Brotherton, 1240 heat units, afila leaf type, 4.1 sieve size. Austin (FP 2311) Gallatin Valley, Second early afila leaf type with good plant vigor. Maturity is considered 60 days or near 1280 heat units. Good plant type, avg. 12 nodes at first bloom, plant height 22, avg. pods per node 2, avg. sieve size 3.2, avg. berries per pod 7-8, Fusarium (fop) HR (1,2), Powdery Mildew (PM) HR(1). Lil Mo Seminis, 1320 heat units to harvest, normal leaf type, 2.6 ave. sieve, nodes to first flower, 1-2 pods per node, 8-9 berries per pod, 18 inch plant height, HR for Fus R1 (Fop1) and HR for Fus R2 (Fop2). Portage Crites, midseason maturity, 60 days to maturity or approximately 1325 heat units (+ 2 days relative to Tomahawk), afila leaf type, 18 inch plant height, 10 nodes to first bloom, 2-3 pods per node, 7-8 peas per pod, 3.7 sieve size index, resistant to fusarium wilt race 1. SV0371QF Seminis, 1480 heat units, afila, good tolerance to root rot. CS460AF Crites, afila 3.5sv 1350 HU Wilt 1, 2 PM. Good disease package. 490 Gallatin Valley, normal leaf type, second early maturity (1380 heat units). 61 days to maturity, 12 nodes to first bloom, plant ht 24, avg. 2 pods per node, avg. sieve size 3.8, 8-9 berries per pod. SV7401QH Seminis, heat units 1340, unique determinate, normal leaf with sweet savor trait, sieve size is 3.2, possibly commercially available in GVS 518 Gallatin Valley, Mid season Afila type, 67 days to maturity, 1350 heat units, nodes to first flower, plant height 25, avg. 2 pods per node, avg. sieve size is 3.8, pointed pod shape. GV410 Gallatin Valley, afila, second early heat units, 3.8 sieve. Impact Brotherton, 1380 heat units, afila leaf type, 3.2 sieve size. N069-5 Pure Line, normal leaf1350 heat units, +8 compared to Spring, 15 th node to flower, R for powdery mildew.

24 Descriptions provided by the seed source continued: Reliance - Seminis, determinate afila type, 1420 heat units or midseason maturity, 14 nodes to first flower, 2-3 pods per node, 8 berries per pod, 3.2 average sieve size, 18 inch plant height, HR for Ep, Fop1, Fop2, PEMV and BYMV; IR for Pv. The 2 nd reproductive node is a terminal node with 2 racemes. This variety does not carry the Sweet Savor gene but it appears to relatively slow in the conversion of sugar to starch. A very homogenous fresh product in color and quality. Easy to harvest plant type. CS433AF Crites, afila, 1400 heat units, 3.8 sieve size, Resistance for Fusarium wilt races 1&2, good disease package, can set triple pods. DA 1470 (EX ) Seminis, 1470 heat units, determinate afila type, 3.2 average sieve size, 2-3 pods per node, 7-9 berries per pod, 18 inch plant height, HR for Fus R1 (Fop1) and HR for BY (BYMV). Sweet savor gene which slows conversion of sugar to starch, true determinate plant type which allows for improved sieve distribution and less waste at harvest from immature fruit GV, 1500 heat units, afila leaf type, 2.8 sieve. Ricco Gallatin Valley, Main season variety (68 days to maturity or 1530 heat units), afila leaf type, 16 nodes to first flower, 26 inch plant height, 2 pods per node, 3.7 average sieve size, 8-9 berries per pod, pointed pod shape, HR for Fusarium wilt race 1 and IR for race 2, HR for Bean Leaf Roll Virus and Powdery Mildew race 1, dark green foliage, excellent disease package including root rot tolerance, superior yield, medium size berry, uniform berry color, widely adapted. 522 Gallatin Valley, Mid-Season Afila type, 69 days to maturity, 1560 heat units, nodes to first flower, plant height 25, avg. 3 pods per node, avg. sieve size is 4, 7-8 berries per pod, blunt pod shape, HR (1) to Powdery Mildew (PM), 8288 GV, 1500 heat units, afila leaf type, 3.7 sieve. BSC5051 Brotherton, 1330 heat units, normal leaf type, 4.6 sieve size. 509-N Pure Line, normal leaf type, 1350 heat units, +11 compared to Spring, 14 node to bloom, R for Powdery Mildew. BL419 Columbia, normal leaf type, 14 nodes to flower, 59 days to harvest, resistance to virus, ascochyta blight, fusarium wilt, powdery mildew and downy mildew. BSCP070 Brotherton, 1450 heat units, afila leaf type, 3.2 sieve size. CS-440AF Crites, afila leaf type, +11 days relative to Tomahawk maturity, 3.4 sieve size index, pod set 2-3 pods per node. FP2278 Gallatin Valley, Mid-Season Afila type, 69 days to maturity, 1500 heat units, 15 nodes to first flower, plant height 26, avg. 2 pods per node, avg. sieve size is 3.6, 7-9 berries per pod, blunt pod shape, Fusarium (fop) HR(1,2), Powdery Mildew (PM) HR (1). SV7688QF Seminis, Sweet Savor gene type, Determinate afila leaf type, Sweet Savor gene type, 1520 heat units, 3.2 average sieve size, strong against root rot, good disease package GV, 1550 heat units, 3.6 sieve.

25 Descriptions provided by the seed source continued: 513 Gallatin Valley, Mid-Season normal leaf type, 69 days to maturity, 1550 heat units, 15 nodes to first bloom, plant height 25, avg, 3 pods per node, avg. sieve size is 4, pod shape is blunt, Bolero type with RR. PLS179 Pure Line, afila leaf type, 1396 heat units, +13 compared to Spring, 4.3 sieve size, R for powdery mildew, T for PEMV and Fusarium root rot. SV1231QF Seminis, 1480 heat units, afila sweet savor, similar maturity as DA1470 but not as determinate. BL2404 Columbia, Maturity to Avola/Spring +10, afila leaf type, dark green 20 plant, nodes to first flower, blunt pod shape, pod length 8 cm, pod width 14 mm, pod color med., pea color dark, berries per pod 7, Fusarium race R, PM R, Virus R. Maturity against Lincoln +3. Lochsa (420AF) Crites, normal leaf type, 1550 heat units (+11 days relative to Tomahawk maturity), 15 nodes to first flower, 67 days to 100 TR, plant height is 20, 2 pods per node, 8-9 berries per pod, avg. sieve size is 3.7, Fusarium Wilt Races (1,2,5), resistance to PM. Welland Crites, afila plant that stands well, 1575 heat units, 2.7 sieve size index, pod set 3 pods per node, Resistance to Fusarium wilt races 1&2 and powdery mildew, high yield potential. GV5106 Gallatin Valley, late heat units, afila. BL403 Columbia, normal leaf type, nodes to flower, 65 days to harvest, resistance to virus, Fusarium wilt and powdery mildew. Concept Brotherton, 1620 heat units, afila leaf type, 3.7 sieve size. Iona Pure Line, normal leaf type, 1348 heat units, +10 days compared to Spring, 15 nodes to first bloom, 3.4 average sieve size Pure Line, normal leaf type, 1360 heat units, +12 compared to Spring, 14 th nodes to flower, R for powdery mildew. SV40893QF Seminis, late season, 1525 heat units, normal leaf type, 3.50 average sieve size, 14 nodes to first flower, 2-3 pods per node, 8-9 berries per pod, 24 inch plant height, wr gene, HR for BYMV/Ep/Fop:1, IR for Pv; S to Fop2 and Aps. BL415 Columbia Seed, normal leaf type, 63 days to harvest, 14 nodes to flower, dark green berry color, resistance to pea virus, fusarium wilt race 1, pea wilt and powdery mildew. BL 2418 Columbia Seeds, afila, 66 days to harvest, 16 nodes to flower, dark berry color, resistance to pea virus, fusarium race 1 and powdery mildew. PLS183 Pure Line, afila type, 1400 heat units, remarkable yields, 16 nodes to first bloom, 4.7 average sieve size, inch plant height, 2-3 average pods per node, intense berry color, Tolerance to fusarium wilt r2, PEMV and Powdery Mildew. PLS595 Pure Line afila leaf type, 1358 heat units, +12 days compared to Spring, 4.4 sieve size, 16 nodes to first flower, R fior powdery mildew, T for downy mildew.

26 Naches Crites, afila type, 1640 heat units (+14 days relative to Tomahawk maturity), 16 nodes to first flower, 72 days to 100TR, plant height 20, 3 pods per node, 8-9 berries per pod, avg. sieve size is 3.8, Resistance for Fusarium Wilt Races(s) (1,2,5) and PM. SV6844QG Seminis, 1600 heat units, afila, sweet savor, good disease package, trial stages. BSCP064 Brotherton, 1380 heat units, normal leaf type, 2.0 sieve size. Trinity (CS435) Crites, afila leaf type, 1615 heat units (+13 days relative to Tomahawk maturity), 3.6 avg. sieve size, pod set 3 pods per node, Race1,2, PM resistance. SV8112QH Seminis, Sweet Savor gene type, Determinate afila leaf type, Sweet Savor gene type, 1430 heat units, Similar maturity as Reliance but Reliance not sweet savor, 3.1 average sieve size, good disease package. A cutting will be held on November 9th where frozen peas are warmed and evaluated by a number of processing and seed company representatives. Evaluations are done only be seed company and industry representatives.

27 Table 7. Weather Summary and 110 tenderometer chart Date days Max. Temp. Min. Temp. Mean Temp. Precip. Acc Precip. Degree days base 40 acc dd units base 40 Ten. Units Corrigation factor for Yield 4/28/ /29/ /30/ /1/ /2/ /3/ /4/ /5/ /6/ /7/ /8/ /9/ /10/ /11/ /12/ /13/ /14/ /15/ /16/ /17/ /18/ /19/ /20/ /21/ /22/ /23/ /24/ /25/ /26/ /27/ /28/ /29/ /30/ /31/ /1/ /2/