Table S1. Descriptions of the tests
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1 Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 14, , doi: /acpd supplement Author(s) CC Attribution 3.0 License. Supplement of Emissions of organic aerosol mass, black carbon, particle number, and regulated and unregulated gases from scooters and light and heavy duty vehicles with different fuels R. Chirico et al. Correspondence to: R. Chirico
2 Table S1. Descriptions of the tests Vehicle Date EXP # Cycle Engine Ejector Fuel type CVS dilution air temperature diluter HDDV(EIII) NEDC hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) 3 ETC hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) NEDC cold 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) 2 ETC hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) 3 steady state hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) ETC cold 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) 2 NEDC hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) 3 steady state hot 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 HDDV(EIII) steady state cold 10 ppm 80 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-P(E3) steady state hot 10 ppm 7.5 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E3) 4 speed ramp hot 10 ppm 11 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-P(E3) NEDC cold 10 ppm 6 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E3) NEDC cold 50 ppm 6 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-P(E3) 2 steady state hot 50 ppm 7.5 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E3) 3 speed ramp hot 50 ppm 11 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E3) NEDC cold 50 ppm 6 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E4) NEDC cold 10 ppm 6 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-P(E4) 3 speed ramp hot 10 ppm 6 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-P(E4) NEDC cold 10 ppm+10%biodiesel 6 m 3 /min 2 Gasoline-P(E4) NEDC cold gasoline 6 m 3 /min 0 Gasoline-P(E4) 2 steady state hot gasoline 6 m 3 /min 0 Gasoline-P(E4) 3 NEDC cold gasoline 6 m 3 /min 0 Gasoline-P(E4) NEDC cold gasoline 6 m 3 /min 0 Gasoline-P(E4) 2 speed ramp hot gasoline 6 m 3 /min 0 Gasoline-P(E4) 3 speed ramp hot gasoline 12 m 3 /min 0 Diesel-V(E3) NEDC cold 10 ppm 12 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-V(E3) 2 steady state hot 10 ppm 12 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) 3 steady state hot 10 ppm 12 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) 4 NEDC cold 10 ppm 12 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) 5 speed ramp hot 10 ppm 15 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-V(E3) NEDC cold 10 ppm 12 m 3 /min 2 Diesel-V(E3) 2 speed ramp hot 10 ppm 15 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) NEDC cold 10 ppm+30%biodiesel 12 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) 2 steady state hot 10 ppm+30%biodiesel 12 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) 3 speed ramp hot 10 ppm+30%biodiesel 15 m 3 /min 1 Diesel-V(E3) NEDC cold 10 ppm+30%biodiesel 12 m 3 /min 2 Scooter(E1) ECE 47 cold Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E1) 3 steady state hot Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E1) 4 WMTC cold Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E1) 5 ECE 47 hot Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E2) ECE 47 cold Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E2) 2 steady state hot Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 2 Scooter(E2) 3 steady state hot Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E2) 5 ECE 47 cold Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1 Scooter(E2) 6 WMTC hot Unleaded fuel + 2% oil 4.5 m 3 /min 1
3 Table S2. Effect of Biodiesel on emission factors for different species. Species OA (mg/km) BC (mg/km) Cycle Diesel-V(E3) Regular fuel 30% Biodiesel % change NEDC UDC EUDC km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h NEDC UDC EUDC km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h km/h
4 Table S2. Effect of Biodiesel on emission factors for different species (Continuation). Species CO (mg/km) CO2 (g/km) NOx (mg/km) HC (mg/km) Particles (#/km) Cycle Diesel-V(E3) Regular fuel 30% Biodiesel % change NEDC UDC EUDC 8 N.D. NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC 2.24E E UDC 2.85E E EUDC 1.89E E km/h 4.44E E km/h 2.01E E km/h 3.59E E km/h 1.03E E km/h 1.52E E km/h 3.17E E km/h 9.26E E km/h 1.20E E km/h 2.14E E km/h 2.22E E+14 27
5 Table S2. Effect of Biodiesel on emission factors for different species (Continuation). Species Cycle Regular fuel Regular fuel 30% % Change % Change 1 2 Biodiesel 30%Bio vs 1 30%Bio vs 2 NO (g/km) 5.38E E E ,5 NO2 (g/km) 3.47E E E ,4 N2O (g/km) 5.26E E E NH3 (g/km) N.D. N.D. 1.62E-07 HCN (g/km) NEDC 1.14E E E HCHO (g/km) 9.41E E E ,4 CH3CHO (g/km) 6.45E E E SO2 (g/km) 3.02E E E CH4 (g/km) 6.55E E E ,2 Benzene (mg/km) ,3 Toluene (mg/km) C2-Benzene (mg/km) C3-Benzene (mg/km) Napthalene (mg/km) Methyl-Naphthalene (mg/km) C2-Naphthalene (mg/km) NEDC ,4 C3-Naphthalene (mg/km) ,2 Phenanthrene (mg/km) Methyl-Phenanthrene (mg/km) C2-Phenanthrene (mg/km) C3-Phenanthrene (mg/km) Pyrene (mg/km)
6 Table S3. Typical parameters of the regulated cycles. NEDC UDC EUDC ETC ETC Urban ETC Rural ETC Motorway WMTC-part1 reduced speed (x2) Total distance (m) Total time (s) Driving time (s) Drive time spent accelerating (s) % of the time accelerating Average speed (km/h) , Maximum speed (km/h) Accelerations per km Average positive acceleration (m/s 2 ) ECE47
7 Table S4. OA, BC and particle emissions and exhaust temperature Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test HDDV(EIII) Diesel-P(E3) 10ppm Steady state 3 NEDC 3* ETC 3* Steady state 1 NEDC 1 Speed ramp 1 *=only 2 tests for particle number; N.A.=not available; N.D.=below limit of detection Exhaust temperature OA BC Particle number AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG OA/BC AVG AVG C mg/km mg/m 3 mg/km mg/m 3 #/km #/m 3 All E E+13 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+13 idle E+12 NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+13 ETC E E+13 Urban E E+13 Rural E E+13 Motorway E E+13 All N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+13 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+14 idle E+14
8 Table S4. OA, BC and particle emissions and exhaust temperature (Continuation). Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test Diesel-P(E3) 50ppm Diesel-P(E4) 10ppm Diesel-P(E4) 10ppm+10%Bio Steady state 1 NEDC 1 Speed ramp 1 NEDC 1 Speed ramp 1 NEDC 1 Exhaust temperature OA BC Particle number AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG OA/BC AVG AVG C mg/km mg/m 3 mg/km mg/m 3 #/km #/m 3 All N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+13 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+14 idle E+13 NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+14 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+15 idle E+14 NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+13
9 Table S4. OA, BC and particle emissions and exhaust temperature (Continuation). Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test Diesel-V(E3) 10ppm Diesel-V(E3) 10ppm+30% Bio Steady state 2 NEDC Speed ramp 2 Steady state 1 2 NEDC 2 Speed ramp 1 Exhaust temperature OA BC Particle number AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG OA/BC AVG AVG C mg/km mg/m 3 mg/km mg/m 3 #/km #/m 3 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+14 NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+14 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+14 idle E+13 All E E+13 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+13 NEDC E E+13 UDC E E+13 EUDC E E+13 All E E+14 idle E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+14 idle E+13
10 Table S4. OA, BC and particle emissions and exhaust temperature (Continuation). Exhaust temperature OA BC Particle number Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG OA/BC AVG AVG C mg/km mg/m 3 mg/km mg/m 3 #/km #/m 3 All E E+12 idle E+10 Steady state 1 60 km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E+12 NEDC E E+12 NEDC 2 UDC E E+12 EUDC E E+11 Gasoline-P(E4) All E E+12 idle E km/h 66 7 N.D. N.D N.A. 9.31E E km/h E E+11 Speed ramp km/h E E km/h E E km/h E E km/h N.D. N.D N.A. 1.09E E km/h N.D. N.D N.A. 8.76E E+10 idle N.D. - N.D. N.A E+10
11 Table S4. OA, BC and particle emissions and exhaust temperature (Continuation). Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test S(E1)-unleaded fuel+2% oil S(E2)-unleaded fuel+2% oil Steady state 1 ECE 47 2 WMTC 1 Steady state 2 ECE 47 2 WMTC 1 Exhaust temperature OA BC Particle number AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG OA/BC AVG AVG C mg/km mg/m 3 mg/km mg/m 3 #/km #/m 3 All E E+13 idle N.A. 30 km/h E E km/h E E+13 idle E+11 ECE E E+13 cold E E+13 hot E E+13 WMTC E E+13 cold E E+13 hot E E+13 All E E+13 idle E km/h E E km/h E E+13 idle E+12 ECE E E+13 cold E E+13 hot E E+13 WMTC E E+13 cold E E+13 hot E E+13
12 Table S5. Emissions of regulated compounds and CO 2. Type of vehicle Test # of repetitions Part of the test HDDV(EIII) NEDC 3 ETC 3 Diesel-P(E3)-50 ppm NEDC 1 Diesel-P(E4)-10ppm NEDC 1 Diesel-V(E3)-10ppm NEDC 2 Diesel-V(E3)-10ppm+30% Bio NEDC 2* Gasoline-P(E4) NEDC 3 S(E1)-unleaded fuel+2% oil S(E2)-unleaded fuel+2% oil ECE 47 2 WMTC 1 ECE 47 2 WMTC 1 Exhaust CO CO temperature 2 NO x HC AVG STDV AVG AVG AVG AVG C mg/km g/km mg/km mg/km NEDC UDC EUDC ETC Urban Rural Motorway NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC NEDC UDC EUDC N.D NEDC UDC EUDC ECE cold hot WMTC cold hot ECE cold hot WMTC cold hot
13 Table S6. Emission factors for species measured with FTIR. HDDV(EIII) HDDV(EIII) Gasoline-P(E4) NEDC ETC NEDC AVG (3 tests) STDV RSD(%) AVG (3 tests) STDV RSD(%) AVG (2 tests) g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km NO 2.38E E E E E E E E E E E-02 NO2 4.00E E E E E E E E E E E-07 N2O 2.22E E E E E E E E E E E-04 NH3 4.84E E E E E E E E E E E-03 HCN 1.52E E E E E E E E E E E-04 HCHO 1.68E E E E E E E E E E E-04 CH3CHO 4.07E E E E E E E E E E E-04 SO2 7.86E E E E E E E E-02.72E E E-03 CH4 7.09E E E E E E E E E E E-03 S(E1)-unleaded fuel+2%oil S(E2)-unleaded fuel+2%oil Diesel-V(E3)_10ppm Diesel-V(E3) 10ppm+30% Bio ECE47 WMTC ECE47 WMTC NEDC NEDC 1 2 AVG (2 tests) AVG (2 tests) AVG (2 tests) 1 g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km g/km NO 1.59E E E E E E E E E E E E-01 NO2 5.99E E E-05 N.D. 5.71E E E E E E E E-01 N2O N.D. N.D. N.D. 2.38E E E E E E E E-02 NH3 4.76E E E E E E E E-07 N.D. N.D. 1.62E-07 HCN 1.06E E E E E E E E E E E E-05 HCHO 2.08E E E E E E E E E E E E-02 CH3CHO 2.33E E E E E E E E E E E E-02 SO2 4.57E E E E E E E E E E E-02 17E-02 CH4 7.80E E E E E E E E E E E E-02
14 Table S7. Emission factors of monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. HDDV(EIII) NEDC ETC 1 2 AVG (2 tests) AVG (3 tests) STDV RSD(%) mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km Benzene Toluene C2-Benzene C3-Benzene Napthalene Methyl-Naphthalene C2-Naphthalene C3-Naphthalene Phenanthrene Methyl-Phenanthrene C2-Phenanthrene C3-Phenanthrene Pyrene Scooter(E1)-unleaded fuel+2% oil Scooter(E2)-unleaded fuel+2% oil Diesel-V(E3)_10ppm Diesel-V(E3)_10ppm+30%Bio Gasoline-P(E4) ECE47 WMTC ECE47 ECE47 ECE47 WMTC NEDC NEDC NEDC NEDC NEDC AVG (2 tests) AVG (2 tests) AVG (2 tests) 1 1 mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km mg/km Benzene Toluene C2-Benzene C3-Benzene Napthalene Methyl-Naphthalene C2-Naphthalene C3-Naphthalene Phenanthrene Methyl-Phenanthrene C2-Phenanthrene N.D. C3-Phenanthrene N.D. Pyrene N.D.
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