Defining Future Li-Ion Stop-Start Battery Systems for Low-Voltage Hybrid Applications

Transcription

1 Defining Future Li-Ion Stop-Start Battery Systems for Low-Voltage Hybrid Applications 3rd WORLD MOBILITY SUMMIT, München, 19. Oktober 2017 Dr Christian Rosenkranz VP Engineering EMEA Johnson Controls Power Solutions

2 POWER SOLUTIONS IS THE INDUSTRY LEADER WITH SIGNIFICANT COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES STRONG RECOGNIZED BRANDS 2

3 FINDING THE RIGHT BALANCE BETWEEN REGULATIONS, CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS AND COST

4 FEATURE CONTENT WILL DRIVE MORE ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE IN THE VEHICLE Emissions/CO2 Comfort and convenience Safety

5 Electrical Energy Required NOT ALL ELECTRICAL LOADS ARE CREATED EQUAL [WHr] High Med Low General Key Off Loads Wireless Phone Charging Infotainment Lighting Systems General ECUs Power Windows Radar and Cameras < 0.5 kw < 2.5 kw < 20 kw 120V AC Outlet Stability Control System Power Seats Antilock Brake System V2V Comm. Rear Defrost Electric Oil Pump Audio Amplifier Heated Windshield Electric Assist Steering Electric Water Pump Heated Seats Active Steer/Brake Starter (ICE) Starter (Start-Stop) Electric A/C Elec Assist Turbo Electric Heated Catalyst Autonomous Steering Cabin Preheat Auto Parking Starter-Alt (MHEV) Active Suspension ISG (MHEV) Low Medium Electrical Power Required Emissions/CO2 High Comfort and convenience [kw] Safety

6 INCREASING ELECTRICAL POWER T H E E V O L U T I O N O F E L E C T R I C AL L O AD S NEW HIGH POWER ELECTRIC AL LOADS FOR BOTH EFFICIENCY AND FUNCTION F E W D Y N AM I C L O AD S M AN Y D Y N AM I C L O AD S 48V/12V Dual powernet to launch NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES UNTIL BEGINNING OF 21 st CENTURY 6V Electric Starter 12V Powernet begins in earnest 12V Continues VECHILE LAUNCH YEAR 6

7 E F F I C I E N C Y I M P R O V E M E N T S ELECTRIFICATION FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY IS WELL DEFINED BUT STILL CHALLENGED H I G H PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC ELECTRIC Delivers path to zero carbon emission transportation HYBRID ELECTRIC M I CRO HYBRID ADVAN CED START - STOP START-STOP Low voltage electrification combined with other efficiency technologies will deliver near-term improvement L O W INTERNAL COM BUSTION ENGINE L O W T E C H N O L O G Y P L A T F O R M C O S T H I G H COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

8 LOW- V O LTAG E P O W E R T R AI N S W I L L B E P R E D O M I N AN T MEGATRENDS ARE DRIVING THE POWERTRAIN MIX FOR NEW CARS LEAD- ACID BATTERIES REMAIN DOMINANT WITH START-STOP GROWING SHARE* (Projected Original Equipment + Aftermarket battery units in millions) % ~8% ~13% % % ~60% % LEAD-ACID % ~20% *Lithium-ion includes both >60V and 12V/48V Lithium-ion 12V/48V > 60V Lead-acid Start-Stop Conventional

9 Conventional Basic Start-Stop Start-Stop Advanced Start-Stop J O H N S O N C O N T R O L S E N E R G Y S T O R AG E T E C H N O L O G Y PAI R I N G 1 2 V S Y S T E M S Fuel Economy & CO 2 Reduction Electrification & Dynamic Environment Johnson Controls Recommended Battery Technology 8%+ 5% 3-5% With Energy Regen Enable Emerging loads High Energy Accept & Deep Cycle Limited Energy Regen Existing S/S Electrical Loads Medium Cycle No Energy Regen Minimal Electric Loads Small Engine / Shallow Cycle 12V Dual (Li-Ion/ AGM) AGM Gen. 2 AGM Flooded There is room to squeeze more fuel economy out of existing Start-Stop systems - fully utilizing AGM Market demand for better match between lead acid regen and alternator sizing (i.e. AGM gen 2) Significant increases in charge power require Li-ion chemistry --- Non Start Stop High Electrical Loads AGM --- Non Start Stop Base Electrical Loads SLI

10 L E AD AC I D B AT T E R I E S C O N T I N U E T O H AV E M AJ O R AD VA N TA G E S I N H I G H V O L U M E V E H I C L E AP P L I C AT I O N S 12- V O L T B AT T E R Y C O M P AR I S O N AGM Li-ion For single battery architectures there is no perfect solution AGM Lead-Acid continues to lead market Lithium-ion entering for select applications PACKAGING FLEXIBILTY TEMPERATURE RANGE RECYCLABILITY SAFETY COST IMPACT DISCHARGE POWER (COLD CRANK) CHARGE POWER ENERGY DENSITY CYCLE LIFE VOLUME WEIGHT

11 D U A L B AT T E RY A R C H I T E C T U R E S S Y S T E M R E D U N D A N C Y A N D E N E R G Y M A N A G E M E N T 12-volt Dual System Start-stop functions, plus Moderate regeneration (~3 kw) System redundancy for coasting Improved power quality 48-volt Dual System Adv. Start-Stop functions, plus Strong regeneration (~12 kw) Enabling greater energy management Potential for traction power (~20 kw) COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

12 12-VOLT DUAL BATTERY LEVERAGE COMPLEMENTARY CHEMISTRIES Significant increase in throughput Lithium-titanate provides high charge power AGM battery still cycles but less aggressively Cost impact of lithium-ion is minimized Focus limited to charge/discharge power Capacity of 10 Ah is sufficient Voltage alignment allows for reduced system complexity Passive or switched connection No DC/DC converter required Redundancy to improve reliability for safetycritical functions AGM and LTO Dual Battery Performance WLTP Drive Cycle COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

13 48-VOLT MICRO HYBRID HIGH POWER DENSITY TO MAXIMIZE VALUE First gen systems continue to use lead-acid as primary battery Engine starting Overall reliability Chemistry choices for lithium-ion less constrained Voltage alignment challenges eliminated by DC/DC NMC-Graphite preferred Second gen systems will push toward more power and energy Stronger hybridization Greater component electrification 48V ESS Performance NEDC Drive Cycle COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

14 BATTERY SOLUTIONS FOR LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRIFICATION Dual Battery for 12-volt NMC-LTO chemistry Well-aligned with existing12-volt network Charge and discharge power up to 3.5 kw Wide operating temperature range Dual Battery for 48-volt NMC-Graphite chemistry Most cost-effective solution Charge and discharge power up to 15 kw Maximize useable energy COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

15 SUMMARY Electrification will be a necessary part of efficiency improvements in vehicles Factors besides efficiency will also drive the need for electrification and put new expectations on batteries Dual battery systems provide a greater level of redundancy and reliability Shifting to 48-volt Micro Hybrid can provide an new energy management platform Battery performance in low-voltage applications will be driven by power, cycle life and cost COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.

16 COPYRIGHT - JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.