Altairnano Grid Stability and Transportation Products

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1 Altairnano Grid Stability and Transportation Products Joe Heinzmann Senior Director Energy Storage Solutions 1

2 Altairnano Overview Altairnano is an emerging growth company which is developing and commercializing its unique, unmatched products from its nanotechnology platform technologies. An innovator in nano-metal oxide-based materials Over 30 issued patents and 100 patent applications A creator of niche applications for our unique battery technology Stationary Power Transportation Military Large scale product manufacturing capabilities Facilities in Nevada and Indiana Execution capability through project and program management 2

3 Customers & Product Attributes Why Altairnano was Selected Wide Operating Rapid Customer Product Market Long Life Temp High Power Charge Safety IPL & PJM 1MW / 250kWh Stationary X X X X ONR / US Navy 2.5MW SGO System Military / Stationary X X X X BAE 3.3MWh Main Battery Back Up Military / Stationary X X X ARDEC / US Army 22Ah / 23.3V Battery Back Up Military X X X X Proterra 50Ah / 23.3V Battery Module Transportation X X X X X Amberjac 11Ah & 50Ah Cells Transportation X X X X X ISE 11Ah Cells Transportation X X X X Lightning Motor Cars 11Ah Cells Transportation X X X X X Electric Traction Systems 11Ah Cells Transportation X X X X 3

4 Altairnano s Unique Lithium Titanate Oxide (nlto) Chemistry Anode Graphite Undergoes Life Limiting Stress and Strain GRAPHITE (2D) nlto (3D) Plane Shifts ±10% Li + Battery Charge / Discharge Causes Stress..Stress and Strain and Strain Limits In Cycle Graphite Life leading To Limited Cycle Life Reduced.. No Stress or or Strain Strain In nlto Greatly Leading Enhancing to Cycle Long Life Cycle Life 4

5 The Altairnano Battery Difference No Graphite on the Anode - Electrode Collector Cu Lithium Ion Battery Construction LiMO Graphite Positive Negative Separator + Electrode Collector Al - Electrode Collector Al Nano-Titanate Battery Construction LiMO nlto Positive Negative Separator + Electrode Collector Al SEI Layer Porous Anode, Cathode and Separator Soaked with Liquid Electrolyte Li+ (CO 3-, OH - ) No SEI Porous Anode, Cathode and Separator Soaked with Liquid Electrolyte Graphite material provides High reactivity with electrolyte: - Forms resistive SEI layer - First Cycle Losses over 10% Two dimensional strained crystal lattice: - Limited Li ion insertion rates Low surface area: - Slow charge kinetics SEI layer poisoning/decomposition: - Limited thermal stability Nano-Li titanate spinel material provides Low reactivity with electrolyte: - No resistive layer forms - No First cycle Losses Zero strain, 3D crystal lattice: - Stability and better kinetics High surface area: - Fast charge kinetics No SEI layer: - Excellent thermal stability 5

6 Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Cycle Life 6

7 Altairnano s Unique Value Attributes Instantaneous high power charge & discharge capability Full charge or discharge in less than 15 minutes Longer life in grid stabilization (>16,000 full DOD cycles) Wider operating temperature range (-40 C to +55 C) Safer (tested to 250 Deg C), environmentally friendly, and low maintenance Industry s s highest roundtrip efficiency e cy (>90%) Lowest life cycle cost for high cyclic applications (regulation, renewable smoothing) Spherical aggregate of nano-particles Altairnano nlto cells Two connected modules with 50 Ah cells 7

8 Commercial Validation in Mass Transit Delivering advanced battery modules for electric buses to Proterra Chosen for high cycle life, fast charge capability, reliability, and safety Fuel economy of 17.5 mpg equivalent vs. 3.9 mpg for conventional diesel Full recharge within 10-minutes 30 months of testing and operation Ability to deploy all-electric vehicles in with fast charge capability in fixed-route locations World s first all electric buses running 24/7 currently in four US cities Altairnano is at the forefront of large-format Lithium Ion battery development and demonstration. 8

9 Altairnano s High Power Grid Stability Platform Altairnano s Grid Stability Platform: ALTI-GSP is an adaptive, intelligent, and scalable Grid Stability and power management platform Altairnano ALTI-GSP is well suited for: Grid Support Frequency and Voltage Regulation Renewable integration Ramping rate Other applications: Short Duration Power Quality Instantaneous Response (spinning reserve) Fast Ramping Black Start 9

10 PJM Frequency Regulation Duty Profile Performance 10

11 Frequency Regulation with Variable Generation Resources Significant Wind Fluctuation (04/03/07) HELCO System Frequency (Hz) PSLF Historical Data Time (seconds) Apollo Windfarm (MW) PSLF Historical Data Time (seconds) 11

12 Wind Farm with simulated Energy Storage smoothing Actual Wind Farm Output Smoothing Potential by Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Storage % 180% 160% 140% 120% 100% MWs State of Charge % 60% 40% Hour Event 2 Second Resolution 20% 0% 12

13 MicroGrid and Transportation Battery Modules Sub MW scale Enabler for High Penetration Microgrid PV & Wind 24 Volt Modules -50ahr 300 Amps Continuous Charge Discharge High Power and Energy Storage Long Operational Life Highly Abuse Tolerant Battery Management System Nano Lithium-Titanate 1P10S -Battery Module 13

14 Transportation Applications: Market Drivers Battery life, safety, operating temperature and total cost of ownership are critical due to the performance of the vehicles and the growing g concern over fuel prices. Hybrid Electric Vehicle Higher efficiencies than conventional diesels Higher Fuel Economy Lower Emissions Reduced Maintenance Costs Plug-In HEV EV Still Higher Efficiencies over HEV Lower fuel costs over traditional diesel applications Ability to conveniently recharge Zero Emissions Zero Diesel / Petrol costs Ability to recharge in minutes 14

15 In April 2009, independent verification at the Altoona Test Track resulted in 17.5 MPGe diesel fuel equivalent. 15

16 Proterra is currently recognized by the California Air Resource Board as the only company that meets zero-emission bus technology (Zbus) with a battery electric bus. 16

17 Fast Charge Capability Unique Advantage in Transportation 17

18 Terra Pack Core System Components Key Benefits 18

19 Terra Charger Core System Components Customer Benefits 19

20 Recycling flowchart 20

21 In Summary, Altairnano Grid Stability Platform provides: Scalable to virtually any power and energy capacity Pre-Tested factory modules Modular and simple to deploy Advanced communications and control Easy to integrate into existing electrical T&D networks Response within milliseconds Wide Operational Characteristics Simple Maintenance - Remote Automated Operation Long Site Life: 20+ years 21

22 Contact Information Joe Heinzmann Director - Energy Storage Systems Altairnano jheinzmann@altairnano.com For information please visit: 22