TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PLANNING AND EXPANSION IN NEPAL: STATUS AND ISSUES. S. Rajbhandari

Transcription

1 TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PLANNING AND EXPANSION IN NEPAL: STATUS AND ISSUES S. Rajbhandari

2 Status As of July 2013: Transmission Transmission system, often called grid, transmits electrical energy in bulk, generally from generating stations to the primary substations. NEA Grid extends from Anarmani in the east to Gaddachowki, (upto Indian Border) in the west. 132 kv : 2129 cct km, 66 kv : 511 cct km Substation gross capacity: 1884 MVA Total number of grid substations: 42 Principal voltage of grid is 132 kv.

3 I INPS Single Line Diagram Modi Trishuli MMRS KGA Lamosangu Jhim M/ nagar Dubi Anarmani Lamai Butwal Bhrtpr Htd Chapur Dhalke Lahan Tanakpur Parwanipur India Birgunj

4 27 th April

5 Why Transmission System Expansion? To alleviate congestion and improve system reliability. To increase the ability to distribute available power to meet existing and future demands To meet NEA s contractual obligation for transmission with various power producers To increase NEA s ability to import/export power To replace older transmission lines that are in poor condition and no longer reliable. To prevent equipment overloads and low voltages.

6 Current Transfer Situation of NEA Grid Grid is facing congestion in the following sections: Hetauda-Bharatpur-Bardghat 132 kv, Marsyangdi-Kathmandu 132 kv, Pokhara-Bharatpur 132 kv, Sunkosi-Bhaktapur 66 kv and Trisuli-Kathmandu 66 kv System collapse takes place under any one of the contingency conditions: Kaligandaki-Pokhara 132 kv link disrupted: Tripping of Bardaghat-Bharatpur and/or Bharatpur- Hetauda 132 kv lines Tripping of Marsyangdi-Siuchatar 132 kv line Tripping of Khimti-Bhaktapur 132 kv line

7 Planning Dilemma Planning must take into account various factors whose future is still unknown. Under investment limits the use of renewable, increases congestion while Over investment results in low network utilization. Generation and Transmission expansion: case of chicken or egg story. A properly designed transmission system provides a good distribution of power flows by avoiding excessive geographic concentrations. A transmission system should have ample margin to allow for contingencies and should deal with the uncertainties of long range forecasts.

8 Planning Dilemma contd. NEA has been stuck with some key planning parameters: Transfer capacity of the grid: 83,000 MW? Or for 10,000 MW as Government s recent plan or for 3200 MW for 2025/26 as forecasts suggests? Planning horizon: 5 years or 30 years? Performance standards: What limits/ values to be adopted for these performance standards: thermal, voltage, relay, stability and short circuit. Maintenance aspect: Less expensive lines with reduced level of design parameters or maintain economy in the life cycle. Contingency levels :? N-1, N-2 or N-1-1?

9 NEA Transmission Plan NEA s Transmission System Master Plan, TSMP 1998 envisages a 220 kv grid to meet future domestic needs and limited export. With the increasing participation of IPPs, NEA has stopped updating TSMP except for carrying out grid impact study for IPP projects. NEA has revised TSMP basically to ease out evacuation of power to be generated by IPPs. No detailed study generally followed has been carried out. The plan is based on load flows only.

10 Revised TSMP of NEA We already have 10,000 MW in 10 years and 25,000 MW in 20 years plans unveiled by different governments. The ambitious plan to develop thousands of MW pose serious challenge to transmission planner. To address power evacuation problems foreseen, the Government and NEA has revised the plan to undertake many transmission links in phase wise manner. Plan is silent on how these will be implemented. Difficult to implement the plan unless some strong measures for unhindered construction are taken 10

11 Priority 1: Projects Under Construction Project Km Year Cost, Source M$ Kusum-Hapure 132 kv TL / GN, NE Singati-Lamasangu 132 kv TL / GN, NE Hetauda- Siuchatar 132kV Second Circuit Dumre-Damauli-Marsyangdii 132 kv TL Butwal- Kohalpur 132 kv Second Circuit Khimti-Dhalkebar 220 kv TL Hetauda- Bharatpur 220 kv TL / GN, NE / AD, NG,NE / AD, NG,NE / WB, NG, NE / WB, NG, NE

12 Priority 1: Projects Under Construction Project Km Year Cost, M$ Source Bharatpur-Bardghat / WB, NG, NE kv TL Kabeli 132 kv TC / WB, NG, NE TCB 132 kv TL / GN, NE Kohalpur-Mahendranagar / AD, NG,NE 132 kv 2nd Circuit Dhalke-Bhitta 400kV TL / IN, NG, NE Hetauda- Dhalkebar- Duhabi 400kV TL Trishuli 3 B Hub- Matatirtha 220 kv TL / WB, NG, NE / CH, NG, NE Total

13 Priority 2: Projects Initiated for Implementation Project Km Year Cost, M$ Source Modi-Lekhnath 132 kv TL / IN, NG, NE Samundratar-Trishuli 3B / ADB*, NG, NE kv TL Baneshwor-Bhakt 132 kv / NG, NE Chilime-Trishuli 220kV TL / EIB*, NG, NE Koshi 220 kv Trans Corridor / IN, NG, NE Kali Gandaki 220 kv TC / ADB*, NG, NE Marsyangdi 220 kv TC / ADB*, NG, NE Marsyangdi-Kath 220 kv TL / ADB*, NG, NE Tamakoshi -Kath 220 kv TL / AD, NG,NE Solu 132 kv Trans Corridor / IN, NG, NE Total

14 Priority 3: Transmission Networks Planned Project Km Year Cost, M$ Source Ramechhap-Garjang-Khimti / NG, NE 132kV TL Hapure-Tulsipur 132kV TL / NG, NE Dordi 132 kv Corridor / NG, NE Gulmi-Lumbini 132 kv TL / NG, NE Dhalkebar-Loharpatti 132 kv TL / NG, NE Lekhnath-Damauli 220 kv TL / AD, NG, NE Damauli-Bharatpur 220 kv TL / AD, NG, NE Karnali132 kv Corridor / NG, NE Budhiganga-Pahalpr 132 kv TL / NG, NE Total

15 Priority 4: Future Transmission Networks Project Km Year Cost, M$ Source Kohalpur-Surkhet 132 kv TL / NG, NE Gulmi - Chanauta 132kV TL / NG, NE Bajhang -Attariya 132 kv TL / TBD Surkhet-Dail-Jumla 132kV TL / TBD Kaligandaki-Jhimruk 132kV TL / NG, NE Hetauda- Butwal 400 kv TL / TBD Lamki-Mahendra 400 kv TL / TBD Butwal- Lamki 400 kv TL / TBD Bardaghat-Gorakhpur 400kV / NG, NE TL Duhabi-Jogbani 400kV TL / NG, NE Dudhkosi 400 kv Corridor / TBD Total

16 Revised TSMP of NEA NEA plans to develop 3000 km of transmission networks in 9 year period; estimated to cost 1700 M$ excluding the cost of RoW. NEA CDP 2013 envisages developing 1000 km of 132 kv, 810 km of 220 kv and 580 km of 400 kv transmission networks by 2017/18. The funding requirement is estimated at 1300 M$, of which 383 M$ is expected from ADB, 266 M$ from WB, 205 M$ from other donors and 439 M$ from GoN and NEA.

17 Barriers to Transmission Development The barriers to transmission development : a. No political commitment/priority b. No central planning body c. No cost allocation / timely recovery system. d. No national grid policy e. No reliability standards f. No regulatory institution g. Lack of coordination among stakeholders

18 Barriers to Transmission Development h. EIA and license approval hurdles i. Overlapping roles of various institutions j. Funding gap k. Implementation hurdles: -Acquisition of land and RoW - Law and order situation - NIMBY issues - Environmental issues

19 Implementation Hurdles Right of-way

20 Prerequisite for Transmission Development Political commitment/will Development of a long term target based TSMP. Construction after RoW and forest clearance. Creation of a separate body for power trade. Establishment of Grid Code and regulatory body. One window policy. Separate land and RoW acquisition act. Recovery of investment to ensure investment

21 Development Options Develop networks on the basis of uses and ownership: NEA: Main Grid: East-West section PTCN: All cross border links and links required for evacuating IPP generation. A Transmission Company for internal grid and PTCN for cross border links. PTCN is already implementing Nepal portion of Dhalkebar-Muzaffarpur 400 kv cross border link. All cross border links by PTCN.

22 Development Options contd. Develop networks with advance technology, bundle efficient conductors, monopole, multi circuits Ensure investment for speedy growth: Government investment, participation of project affected people, Leasing for RoW cost Develop transmission networks based on demand and river basin: Sapta kosi and Sapta Gandaki tributary basin mainly for domestic consumption Karnali-Mahakali basin for export

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24 Dreams are today's answers to tomorrow's questions. -Edgar Cayce Thank You If you don t make dust, you eat dust Jack A MacAllister