Available online at ScienceDirect. Energy Procedia 56 (2014 )

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1 0 Boonyang Available online at ScienceDirect Energy Proceia 56 (204 ) th Eco-Energy an Materials Science an Engineering (th EMSES) Stuy of Power Generation for Permanent Magnet Motor Elevator by Energy Regenerative Unit (EERU) Plangklang F*, Sittichai Kantawong Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Klong 6, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 20 Abstract This paper presents Power Generation for Permanent Magnet Motor Elevator by Energy Regenerative Unit (ERU). The stuy reveals that permanent magnet motors with rate 5.5 kw in elevators which is working by transferring mechanical energy into electricity when the motor is rotating without power therefore the motor is capable of proucing electrical energy back into the gri system. This situation is call Regenerative moe which is the waste energy can be use once again []. The stuy is one by simulation using MATAB/Simulink program. This investigate ERU an inverter in this stuy can be applie for future use of in existing elevator system. The Propose ERU is use to convert DC voltage to AC voltage for gir synchronization. The investigate ERU is operating as three-phase moule. From experiment, it is observe that when the motor operates as a generator then ERU will receive DC voltage from the elevator inverter system then convert to AC voltage that can be fe into the gri system. 204 Elsevier The Authors. t. This Publishe an open by access Elsevier article t. uner the CC BY-NC-ND license ( Peer-review uner responsibility of COE of Sustainalble Energy System, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Peer-review (RMUTT). uner responsibility of COE of Sustainalble Energy System, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT) Keywors: power generation for elevator, regenerative, ERU ; * Corresponing author. Tel.: ; fax: aress: boonyang.p@en.rmutt.ac.th Elsevier t. This is an open access article uner the CC BY-NC-ND license ( Peer-review uner responsibility of COE of Sustainalble Energy System, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT) oi:0.06/j.egypro

2 592 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) Introuction Currently vehicle lift is important in vertical transport of builing, tower, shopping mall, office builings an factories, normally part of a builing will have an elevator. Elevator euipment is regare as a very major consumption machine. Therefore, if the elevator can generate electric energy to the system, this can reuce energy consumption thus elevator system can be an important evice for the conservation of energy. [3] This paper will stuy of Power Generation for Permanent Magnet Motor Elevator by Energy Regenerative Unit (ERU). The paper will escribes the functions an components of the elevator system, principle of 4 Quarant, principle of DC boost converter, Euations of the permanent magnet motor, an principle of spee control in section 2, the simulation of the system with Matlab/Simulink in section 3, the results in section 4 an conclusions in section Theory an Implementation 2. System of Elevator Typically, the structure of the elevator system is compose of 6 main components as shown in Figure [].. Control System 2. Electric Motor 3. Sheave 4. Counterweight 5. Guie Rails 6. Passenger Car Figure, Components of the elevator system. [4] Figure 2, The comparison between the various state motor spee an torue. 2.2 Principles of Four Quarant Operation Figure 2 shows a graph of the spee an torue control in both the positive an negative irections. From figure 2, progress in Quarant,3 are efine as motor moe which means that the spee an torue is in the same irection. The progress in Quarant 2,4 are assigne to be a generator, sometimes calle regenerative moe. The regenerative moe to work on a permanent magnet motor in the elevator system is rotating without power. Or cause braking of the motor is able to prouce electricity for the elevators are locate on the elevator. oa must be less than the weighte penulum an as the elevator to loa than gravity penulum. Both cases rely on the force of gravity pulling the motor rotation. Without using electrical energy rive to elevator. Can be ivie accoring to the moe of operation of the elevator system has the following Table.

3 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) Table. Operation of the elevator system moe Elevator oa > Counterweight oa < Counterweight Up. Using Energy 2. Using Gravity Down 3. Using Gravity 4. Using Energy 2.3 Principles of DC Boost Converter A boost converter (step-up converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter with an output voltage greater than its input voltage.by the appearance of a Boost Converter looks as shown in Figure 3. Euations () - (4) Switch on Switch off 0 Figure 3, c boost converter circuit i( t) v vin t [V] () DTsw i ( DTsw ) vint I,min [A] (2) i( t) v( t) ( vin vo) t [V] (3) Tsw i ( Tsw ) ( vin vo ) t I, max [A] (4) DTsw v = Output Voltage o v = Input Voltage in v = Inuctor Voltage I = Inuctor Current D = Duty Cycle T = Switching Time sw [V] [V] [V] [A]

4 594 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) V3ph Gri Three-phase Dioe rectifier Braking chopper ERU Inverter DC AC Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) PMSM Inverter Controller Spee Spee reference Controller Converter /t Car Figure 4, Operating power generation controller for permanent magnet motor elevator 2.4 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor The characteristics of the permanent magnet motor accoring to euations (5) - (8), which is applie to test the program in MATAB/SIMUINK i t R v i pri (5) i t R p r v i p ri (6) e T.5p i ( ) i i (7) r t ( T J e F T r m ) (8) Where:, be Inuctance of the an [H] R be Resistance of Stator [] i, i be current of an [A] V, V be voltage of an [V] r be angular velocity of the rotor [ra/s] be magnetics flux of motor [Wb] p be number of pole pairs

5 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) T e be electromagnetic torue [Nm] T be shaft mechanical torue [Nm] m J be combine inertia of rotor an loa [kg/m 2 ] F be combine viscous friction of rotor an loa [N] Figure 5, Energy Regenerative Unit (ERU) by Matlab/Simulink 2.5 Principle of Spee Control Using a PI Controller The system will measure the spee of the motor that is compare with spee Reference, the response of the system is controlle by a PI controller. Therefore, the esign of PI controller system is very important part. The PI controller is esigne an to fin the parameters Kp an Ki for this simulation, both the Software Tool GUI, a tool calle SISOTOO in Matlab/Simulink is use to help in the transfer function as follows. [] 3. Simulation of the System PI s K p K ( 9 ) i s In this paper, a simulation system of Power Generation for Permanent Magnet Motor Elevator by Energy Regenerative Unit is one by Matlab/Simulink, from Figure 4, 5, input section of motor rive, set. Rectifier series are use to flow power in one irection. The generate power is restore back to the system gri when the motor works as a generator [2]. When motor works as a generator, the ERU serves to convert the voltage from the DC Bus to AC using IGBT.

6 596 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) Voltage Motoring moe 540Vc Generating moe Time Figure 6, Input Voltage of ERU Figure 6 is the simulation results of Vc. Before entering the ERU when the voltage is increase uner generating moe can be restore to gri. When elevator finishe its generating moe an begin to motor, the ERU will stop its feeback an enter ile moe. -3kW Voltage(V) Power(W) 380VW Time Figure 7, Output Voltage an Power of ERU Figure 7 is the graph of the simulation result of the three-phase power an voltage output of the ERU. Negative power represents the power back to Gri. As Figure 4, ERU serves to convert the DC voltage to three phase AC voltage.

7 Boonyang Plangklang an Sittichai Kantawong / Energy Proceia 56 ( 204 ) Results By simulation program using Matlab/Simulink of power generation for permanent magnet motor elevator by energy regenerative unit. The results of the simulation are shown in Table 2. Table 2. Parameter on ERU Input of ERU (DC Bus) Power 3Ø Output of ERU Voltage 3Ø Vc 3kW 380 Vac From table 2 shows the input voltage of ERU from regenerative of permanent magnet synchronous motor an the output. The DC voltage output from the inverter is the input of ERU, an then transferre to DC boost converter evice that converts voltage DC to AC. The output voltage of the ERU is characterize by suare wave an finally through a series of filtering therefore the voltage waveform is sine wave, after this point we can be connecte to gri system. 5. Conclusions ERU is a concept that can be connecte to the existing elevator system using permanent magnet motors. This investigate ERU can be applie for future use of existing elevator system. They are able to generate electric output energy from the elevator when the elevator motors work force of gravity therefore ERU will receive DC voltage from the elevator s inverter system then converts to AC voltage therefore this power can be fe into the gri system. Thus power output can be fe back to the system for replacement of the energy that has been use. References [] Thanit Punprayoong an Boonyong Plangklang, energy saving elevators by in Builing a case stuy: RMUTT, Conference on Energy Network of Thailan May 2555, Maha Sarakham : 4, [2] H. Inaba, S. T. Nara, H. Takahashi$M. Nakazato, High spee elevators controlle by current source inverter system with sinusoial input an output [3] operation (August, 202). [4] Rajamangala of Physics, Department of Physics Faculty of Science Rajamangala, University of Technology Thanyaburi. [5] Pirote Brikapkul., The esign of the feeback controller in integral self-ajusting for permanent magnet synchronous motors, Master egree thesis, Electrical Engineering, KMUTNB Thailan, [6] Ashok B.Kulkarni, Hien Hguyen an E.W.Gauet A Comparative Evaluation of line Regenerative an Non-Regenerative Vector Controlle Drives for AC Gearless Elevator,IEEE [7] Masaki Nomura, Hiroyu Ikejima, Shigetaka Morita an Eiki Watanabe, Regenerative Power Control For VVVF Motor Drive (Critical Braking Metho Applie To The Elevator), IEEE 97 05