A New Demonstration Project of the 2 km HTS DC Power Cable in Japan

Transcription

1 A New Demonstration Project of the 2 km HTS DC Power Cable in Japan Satarou Yamaguchi Center of Applied Superconductivity and Sustainable Energy Research (CASER), Chubu University, Japan Ishikari Cool and Smart Energy System Research Association, Ishikari, Japan Special thanks to all members of CASER, Chiyoda Corp., Sumitomo Electric and SAKURA Internet

2 Today s Talk 1. The organization and The targets of the project and The requirement from government, 4. The design Principle for Ishikari Project Our party

3 Public Offering and Adoption of METI Adoption on March 29 th, 2013 Public Offering on March 1st Budget is 25 MUS$

4 Roadmap 2012 & 2013 of METI SMES FW FCL Power Cable Trans Generator Magnet 2009 : no DC power cable project 2010 : DC power cable project appeared 2012 : no DC power cable project again 2013 : DC power cable is a biggest National Project!

5 New Japanese National Project in HTS Applications The Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) contemplates a new national project on applications of high temperature superconductivity (HTS) that started in this fiscal year (April 2013 to March 2014). The program on HTS dc power cables, which is supposed to provide "An experimental proof of the HTS dc power transmission system". The rationale for this program is to reduce the electric power consumption of Internet Data Centers (idc). A preliminary dc power supply experiment has been conducted by Sakura Internet during the past two years. On that basis, Sakura believes the dc power supply can reduce power consumption and capital expenditures by about 20%. The program should have two phases: i. Preliminary development and test of a 500-m-long high current, low-voltage superconducting dc cable, ii. Development and test of a 2-km-long dc cable. An idc should be connected with a substation via a 10 kv, 5 ka dc cable. This fiscal year budget is to be about 25 million US dollars (assuming 1US$ = 100 Yen). At present time, the expected participants of the DC cable project are: Chiyoda Corporation, Sumitomo Electric Corporation, Sakura Internet, Chubu University and (City of Ishikari) Additional participants may still join this project. Cited from

6 Organization of R&D group Present Time METI : Owner of Project 経済産業省 Refer 委託 to Chiyoda Corporation Sumitomo Electric Corporation Sakura Internet Chubu University, Chiyoda Corp. Prime Contractor 千代田化工建設 ( 株 ) 事業項目 ; 全体調整液体窒素循環システム機器室設置インターロックシステム構築 Mr. H. Koshizuka Project Leader, 研究開発等責任者 Chiyoda Corp. ( プロジェクトリーダー ) 千代田化工建設 ( 株 ) 腰塚博美 Sumitomo Electric SAKURA Internet Chubu Univ. 住友電気工業 ( 株 ) さくらインターネット ( 株 ) 中部大学 事業項目 ; 事業項目 ; 事業項目 ; 超電導ケーブル製作及び敷設取り合い調整業務 R&D & Total 直流超電導技術の研究開発 & Conceptual 断熱二重管敷設端末システム設置 End User Design for construction of long and low loss cable system ++

7 Organization of R&D group Research & Development Partnership Cooperative R&D Partnership Member Company A Company B National Lab. & Local Government Another Cooperative R&D Partnership for different Subjects New comer R&D Partnership will be founded at the end of 2013, University C Ishikari Cool & Smart Energy System Research Association New Partnership Dissolution by Law

8 Ishikari Project Configuration of SC- DC Transmission Air Cond. etc Chilled water Servers, Disc, Networks DC~400V Data Center Power Converter Liquid N 2 from Refrigerator Use of LNG exergy IN FUTURE HTS_DC Cable 2000 meter/100mw DC±10kV/5kA Longest HTS DC cable in the world 1) Cable, ±10kV, 5kA 2) LN2 from Refrigerator at first, and use LNG cold later 3) No capacitor in rectifier circuit, AC breaker system, multi-phase transformer 4) Installed along the road, 5) Construction will start at spring, 2014 AC/DC converter These are not fixed Sub-station, Hokkaido EPC Role of CU ; R&D for long and low loss cable system

9 idc 2 + PV panel configuration Air Cond. etc Chilled water Servers, Disc, Networks Data Center AC 6.6kV line DC~400V AC/DC converter DC400V Terminal Cryostat LN2 from small refrigerator HTS_DC Cable ~ 500 meter/100mw DC400V/5kA These are not fixed PV (<2MW) 1) Direct connection from PV 2) Cable voltage = PV output voltage 3) Use small refrigerator 4) Return pipe for LN2 5) Study for 2.0km Cable system 6) New design of Cable Terminal Cryostat Battery or EDLC DC400V DC400V different budget It should be in operation in begging of

10 SAKURA Internet Corp. in Hokkaido It is the most advanced idc in the world now Cold weather HVDC HVDC: ~DC400V Tokyo Ishikari(AC) Ishikari(DC) SC Technology will be appeared in the next stage Others Aircon. IT Estimation of Electric power & Instrumentation cost By ABB If we can save 10% of electric power, the profit of idc is double!

11 Prediction of Cost of HTS tape & Cryogenics in 2006 Courtesy from J. Minervini Was it Right? Let s Check it! Navigant Consulting, Inc. Investigation of the status of HTS technology, the 77 South Bedford Street, Suite 400 Burlington, MA requirements of key applications and barriers to (781) future success Peer Review Presentation July 25, 2006

12 Capital Cost Estimation of idc Courtesy from J. Minervini Capital Costs ($) HTS + Cu System 2007 Capital Costs ($) HTS + Cu System Capital Costs ($) HTS + Cu System HTS Tape 2,785, , ,400 If HTS ~ 50$/kAm, refrigerator is expensive Capital Costs ($) All Cu System Key Point If we cannot reduce heat leak half from current lead, no SC solutions for idc HTS Cryostat 217, ,200 43,400 HTS Refrigerator 1,043, , ,650 HTS Total 4,045,400 1,313, ,650 Copper Bus 10,889 10,889 10, ,081 Total Capital Cost 4,056,289 1,313, , ,081 PCL, MCL & gas-cooled MCL I have three basic ideas to reduce heat leak from current lead. Navigant Consulting costing predictions of SC components in : of Technology and Joseph Minervini. ss_study.pdf Portions reprinted, with permission, from Massachusetts Institute

13 Vision of City of Ishikari 1. DC power transmission & distribution 2. Renewable Energy (Wind Power ++) 3. Superconductivity Offshore Wind (depth of sea ~20m) Gas Power Plant LNG 基地 Substation 2 Mega Solar idc Substation 1 1)DC (SC) power distribution 2) LNG cold 3)Green idc 4)Wind Power + PV 5)Battery of idc

14 METI_National Project FY2013 & FY2014 Prepared by City of Ishikari City of Ishikari supports the Project, established the Association in this year and issue the communication letter.

15 Vision of DC SC Power Transmission 1) 2km Transmission line at first 2) extend to 200 km, 3) to Wakkanai from Ishikari 4) and to Sakhalin/Russia? Wind Power along road in Hokkaido wakkanai idc ++ Data center ~2km DC HTS cable Power Converter (AC/DC) Wind Power + Grid by copper cable along national road Length 260km Ishikari Plain

16 Low cost straight iron pipe for Cryo-pipe 200-meter cable 20-meter cable Iron straight pipe for outer pipe SS straight pipe for inner pipe for 1) low pressure drop 2) low heat leak 3) high strength 4) cheap & much more as compared with corrugated pipe S. Yamaguchi et al, DESIGN and CONSTRUCTION of 200-meter HTS DC Power Cable Test Facility in Chubu University, CEC-23/ICMC 2010, Poland July 2010.

17 Movable Terminal for thermal contraction Reduction of thermal stress of HTS tape maybe important because the contraction may be not uniform. M. Sugano, K. Shikimachi, N. Hirano and S. Nagaya, Supercond. Sci. Technol., 23(2010) Extendable Bellows Terminal Cryostat Fixed pipe terminal support movable cryostat cryogenic pipe Absorb the thermal contraction and expansion of SC cable, Movable cryostat & Extendable bellows are used. SC cable 200m cable system S. Yamaguchi et al, DESIGN and CONSTRUCTION of 200-meter HTS DC Power Cable Test Facility in Chubu University, CEC-23/ICMC 2010, Poland July The design is the same for the 500 m and the 2000 m cables

18 Low Heat Leak Terminal by Peltier effect (PCL) Results of cable No frozen of electrode Low heat leakage PCL Frozen of electrode High heat leakage Conventional CL cable electrode cable electrode measurement cable port FRP flange FRP flange measurement cable port S. Yamaguchi et al, Research activities of DC Superconducting Power Transmission Line in Chubu University, J. Physics: Conference Series, 97(2008) PCL will be an industrial components soon, and ++.

19 Terminal & 200m cable systems We should test the electric insulation voltage and the impluse experiment avoid the current imbalance of HTS tape for longer cable (> several km) Reduction of HTS tape cost for longer cable, Splicing will be used. N. Koizumi et al, Experimental results on instability caused by non-uniform current distribution in the 30 ka NbTi demopoloidal cpo; )DPC-U) conductor, Cryogenics, 34(1994) S. Yamaguchi et al, A small-scale experiment demonstrating the current lead resistance method of preventing a current imbalance, Cryogenics, 38(1998)

20 Cable of Ishikari Project 200-meter cable co-axial Inner (2 layers) = 23 tapes Outer (1 layer) = 16 tapes Insulation = ±10kV Current = 2 Copper former = 14φ Present Design Parameters ++ Co-axial structure, Insulation = ±10kV, Current = 5 ka, Ic 180A ~ 210A, 70 BSCCO tapes, Total length of tape > 200 km Cable connection at the intermediate part, one splicing at least for 1km cable Self-absorbing structure for thermal shrinkage and expansion The design is almost the same for the 500 m and the 2000 m cables

21 Layout across Cryogenic pipe Specification of Design Return pipe (50A) for circulation of LN2 Cable pipe is 60A, New MLI by Kaneka Vacuum pumps in operation at terminal Cable connection at the intermediate part Two different designs will be adopted The design is a key to reduce the heat leak, and establish the economy of SC cable. We are testing the new MLI now, but the design parameters are conservative. Personally, we must reduce the heat leak from the cryogenic pipe and the terminals.

22 Cryogenic System Long life time Stirling Refrigerator by Aishin Cold power: 1kW@77K Electric power Consumption: 15KW, 200V3f Turbo-Brayton Refrigerator by Taiyo-Nissan Cold power: 2kW@77K Total cooling power = 6kW@77K for 2km Monitoring & Control system is under discussion, Power Convertors from AC/DC, DC/DC and DC/AC are not fixed Support Experiment is important to realize and improve the system

23 Thank you for attention The major aim of Ishikari project is to show the potential to overcome the copper cable in economy by the experimental data. It is low cost and loss.