Baterie pro energetiku

Transcription

1 Baterie pro energetiku Design velkokapacitních úložišť elektrické energie, HE3DA - pilíř budoucích Smart Grid Jan Prochazka, Ph.D. 25 April 2017

2 FAST RATE NANO EMPOWERED USE OF NANO PARTICLES 3D CONSTRUCTION

3 HISTORY 2007-VERIFIED CONCEPT 2008 INTENSIVE RESEARCH, FILED 1 ST PATENT /2013 HE3DA s.r.o. FOUNDED R&D on mWh modules in collaboration with the J Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry in Prague 2 NEW PATENTS FILED FINANCING=> RESTART OF WORK ON SMALL MODULES

4 / / /2015 BUILT A DRY ROOM WITH SMALL R&D BATTERY CAPACITY 20KWh/Y TESTING OF SMALL MODULES IN GLOVE BOXES FINISHED CONSTRUCTION OF R&D ASSEMBY LINE FOR 1kWh PROTOTYPES PATENTS GRANTED IN SEVERAL COUNTRIES MADE 1 ST 1kWh CELL WITH 4.0V POTENTIAL HE3DA MAKES 0.1-1kWh MODULES WITH 4V, 12V AND 48V POTENTIAL. DESIGN OF INDUSTRIAL FULLY AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION LINE / / /2015

5 7/2015 8/ / /2015 DESIGNED 100Wh CELL PROTOTYPE FOR AUTOMOTIVE STOP AND START 48V BATTERY CONSTRUCTED FIRST SOLAR PANEL-3D BATTERY BALLANCED SYSTEM PUBLIC PRESENTATION OF LATEST RESULTS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY AND OTHER TECHNICAL EVENTS VERIFYING OF INDIVIDUAL OPERATIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL FULLY AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION LINE 1/2016 6/2016 9/ /2016 HE3DA MAKES 0.1Wh MODULES WITH 4V, AND 48V POTENTIAL. PRODUCTION LINE ASSEMBLY SEPARATOR PRODUCTION MATERIAL PRODUCTION LINE FULLY AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION LINE OPERATIONS FIRST BATTERIES OF THE BELT

6 ASSEMBLY LINE TOP LINE EQUIPMENT CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE SUPERIOR TEAM FULLY AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION LINE 10MWh/Y TESTING CAPABILITY UP TO 700A

7 UTILIZATION OF HE3DA BATTERIES PV Balancing batteries Energy storage Electro buses and tram traction battery Automotive stop&start batteries Electromobile traction battery Micro-batteries

8 LARGE CELLS VERSUS SMALL CELLS The HE3DA concept of several millimeters thick electrodes (3D) gives the battery incomparable safety and brings a number of new technical attributes, which are not achievable by the existing thin film technology (2D).

9 PV-battery combined system SELF REGULATED Fully balanced! Grand Prix prestigious Award from ForEnergo

10 Design for Balancing of Photovoltaic Systems Balanced energy source combined solar/battery self-regulated system hv E1 (V) E1>E2 E2 (V) DC-AC CONVERTER E3

11 POTENTIOSTATIC CONTROL - SELF REGULATED SYSTEM Load E3 Battery E2 Solar panels E1

12 E1 E2 E3 ground

13 PV E1 BATTERY E2 If the LOAD is lower than PV production, all overproduction automatically flows into the battery till E1=E2 E3 LOAD ground

14 PV E1 BATTERY E2 If the LOAD is higher than PV production, the PV and Battery are combined and balanced source of energy. E3 LOAD ground

15 The energy consumption LOAD is the factor controlling performance of the whole system Battery charging

16 Great stability of the system NO electronic controls Perfect compliance of PV and Battery Reaction of the Battery in milliseconds

17 I(A) PV PRODUCTION HIGH => COVERS the LOAD ENERGY COMSUMPTION + CHARGING OF THE BATTERY E(V) Stretched out 13-14pm

18 Capacity retention after 18 months of testing Battery - Starting point Disch 5A to 2.0V = Wh Original capacity 334Wh 2.4% capacity loss/ 18 months of operations and testing

19 SELF-REGULATED SYSTEM No electronics are involved => reliable and lower price Optional battery cut off switch at the Battery Control panel and monitoring program are provided free with the battery

20 IMPORTANT FACTS: The system is self-regulated by the LOAD demand (simulating Grid) The Energy automatically flows from the highest potential to the lowest (ground) Parallel connections : PV-Battery PV-Load Battery Load Battery Response time = 40ms +80A to -80A No electronic regulation is required (battery cut off switch and AC/DC convertor only) Typical capacity ratio PV : Battery = 3:1 to 1:1

21 CAN ANY BATTERY BE USED WITH THIS SYSTEM??? HE3DA MODULES SUPERIOR FOR ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS CERAMIC SEPARATOR 5KWh Others: Size and cost prohibiting 1KWh 10Wh

22 BATTERY CELL SIZE IS LIMITED BY THE ABILITY TO COOL IT! OVERHEATING BATTERY INSIDE CAN CAUSE DAMAGE AND THERMAL RUNAWAY WILL ALWAYS CAUSE IRREVERSIBLE CHANGES RACKS/ AIR COOLING => MODULE VOLUMETRIC CAPACITY DECREASE External cooling systems very bulky for small modules, very inefficient for large batteries!!!

23 LINEAR SCALE UP of conventional batteries MODULES WITH SOPHISTICATED BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM X XXXXXXXXXXX 1MWh storage system ~ 40,000 cells 250MWh storage system ~ 10,000,000 cells

24 Internal battery cooling Cooling media - electrolyte Electrolyte regeneration Exchange of electrolyte during operations ALLOWS LARGE BATTERY CELL SIZE SHRINKS SIZE OF MODULES

25 HE3DA - SCALES CELL SIZE LOW INTERNAL RESISTANCE+ EFFECTIVE COOLING 400V system: 1MWh storage system ~ 120 cells/8 KWh ea 10MWh storage system ~ 120 cells/80 KWh ea HE3DA cell size up to 100KWh

26 WHY 3-D TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM? MOVING FROM IMPROPER USE OF SMALL BATTERIES FOR ELECTRONICS TO SAFE AND PROPERLY DESIGNED LARGE BATTERIES FOR ENERGY STORAGE AND SMART GRID! STABILIZATION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS STABILIZATION OF FREQUENCY ENERGY STORAGE ELECTROMOBILITY UPS SAFETY CAPACITY POWER ECONOMY

27 1kWh cell - Typical parameters Nominal cell voltage Minimal discharge voltage (cut off) Maximal charge voltage (cut off) Recommended voltage range Nominal capacity Nominal energy Maximal charging current from compl. discharge Recommended continuous charging current Cut off currents at constant voltage 4.1V Cycle 10% DOD Cycle 100% DOD Temperature range Battery response time from +80A to -80A 3,7 V 2,0 V 4,2 V 2,5-4,1 V 270 Ah 1000 Wh 300 A <50 A Unlimited cycles 1000 cycles 0-80 C 40ms

28 Max power in the safe range

29 Multifunctional metal frame NO ORGANICS (only electrolyte) NO MELTING PARTS NO BINDERS No ballast NO DELAMINATION ATTRIBUTES High temperature resistant Overcharge resistant at constant potential Mechanically robust Robust performance High cycle life Low electrical resistance Easy degassing High capacity High safety 100% recycleable Inexpensive production

30 ECONOMY SAFETY PERFORMANCE HE3DA TECHNOLOGY