2018 Weed Control Update. Steve Li. Extension Specialist and Assistant Professor Auburn University
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1 2018 Weed Control Update Steve Li. Extension Specialist and Assistant Professor Auburn University
2 DICAMBA a pretty old herbicide First discovered in 1950 s Synthetic auxin herbicide (mimic of IAA) Very mobile in plants, injury symptom starts with very low rates Broad-spectrum on broadleaf plants Registered in corn, wheat, grain crops, pasture and hay field, forestry, roadside, non-crop area and in resistant crops Has volatility (formulation dependent) Resistant crop varieties available since 2015
3 WELL, THE TRUTH IS I WANT DICAMBA!!! YOU CAN T HANDLE IT!!!
4 As of Oct 15, 2017
5 As of Oct 15, 2017
6 Xtend and Enlist Update Plenty of dicamba drift all over soybean producing states (Glyphosate + ALS + PPO resistant pigweed) More restrictions for dicamba in 2018 season (record keeping, triple cleaning, application timing, restricted use, etc.) Xtendimax and Engenia federal label expires at the end of 2018 (EPA renewal???) Both Xtendimax and Engenia has lower volatility, but still not zero Enlist Duo and Enlist One for 2018 Enlist Soybean for 2018? Mandatory auxin training in spring 2018
7 Reflex Injury!!!
8
9 2016 Evaluations # Trade name Application rate (fl oz/a) 1 NTC 0 2 Reflex 4 3 Reflex 8 4 Reflex 16 5 Reflex 32 6 Reflex 64 7 Reflex Reflex + Prowl H Reflex + Warrant Reflex + Direx Brake F Brake F Brake FX 32
10 Fairhope Cotton injury DAP Shorter
11 Cotton injury DAP Hawkinsville GA
12 NTC lint yield: 1016 lb/a
13 DP 1538 B2XF, DP 1646 B2XF, PHY 444 WRF, PHY 490 W3FE planted in RCBD, 4 reps, 6 x 25 ft plots at 3 locations in AL (Headland, Shorter and Atmore) 2017 Evaluations (1) # Trade Name RATE FIELD RATE PT/A 1 Reflex + Warrant 1X Reflex + Warrant 2X Reflex + Direx 1X Reflex + Direx 2X Reflex + Caparol 1X Reflex + Caparol 2X Brake F16 1X 1 8 Brake F16 2X 2 9 NTC
14 COTTON STAND 3 WAP MACON COUNTY (Planted May 30) FOMESAFEN 2 pt/a + DIURON 3.2 pt/a NTC 14
15 COTTON STAND 7 WAP MACON COUNTY (late July) FOMESAFEN 2 pt/a + DIURON 3.2 pt/a NTC 15
16 COTTON YIELD NTC lint yield: 1061 lb/a Lower stand count and cotton height observed at two locations with three treatments at 3 WAP. No differences were seen at 7 WAP No significant location or variety interactions with treatment
17 2017 Evaluations (2) # Herbicide Treatment Application Rate Application Timing 1 Valor + Direx 4L 2 oz/a pt/a 3 Weeks Prior to Planting 2 Valor + Warrant 2 oz/a pt/a - 3 Valor + Caparol 2 oz/a pt/a - 4 Valor + Xtendimax 2 oz/a + 44 oz/a - 5 Reflex + Warrant pt/a 1 Week Prior to Planting 6 Reflex + Direx 4 L pt/a - 7 Reflex + Caparol pt/a - 8 Warrant + Direx 4L pt/a - 9 Warrant + Prowl H pt/a - 10 Brake FX + Prowl H pt/a - 11 Brake F16 + Prowl H pt/a - 12 Non Treated Check Gramoxone and NIS applied at 2 pt/a and 0.5% v/v with all treatments. Two locations: Headland and Fairhope AL
18 % NTC No treatment effect on stand count and cotton height during the season Seed Cotton Yield NTC lint yield: 1080 lb/a Headland,AL Brewton, AL
19 17 inch Liberty (29oz/a) + Dual magnum (22oz/a) followed by Xtendimax (22 oz/a)+ Roundup Powermax (32 oz/a) 4 days after initial application Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
20 20 inch Liberty (29 oz/a) + Dual Magnum (22 oz/a) followed by Enlist Duo (4.75 pt/a) 4 days after initial application Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
21 13 inch Xtendimax (22oz/a) + Roundup Powermax (32 oz/a) followed by Liberty (29 oz/a) + Dual Magnum (22 oz/a) 4 days after initial treatment Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
22 19 inch Enlist Duo (4.75 pt/a) followed by Liberty (29 oz/a) + Dual Magnum (22 oz/a) 4 days after initial application Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
23 14 inch Butyrac 200 (16 oz/a) followed by Cobra (12.5 oz/a) + Dual Magnum (22 oz/a) 4 days after initial application Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
24 10 inch Butyrac 200 (16 oz/a) + Cobra (12.5 oz/a) + Dual Magnum (22 oz/a) Day of initial application (June ) 14 DAIT
25 Xtendimax with Vaporgrip 22oz/A Roundup Powermax 32 oz/a Reign 1% v/v Class Act Ridion 1 % v/v 14 days after treatment
26 Liberty 32 oz/a Dual Magnum 1.33 pt/a Class Act Ridion 1% v/v Liberty 32 oz/a Warrant 3 pt/a Class Act Ridion 1% v/v
27 Liberty 32oz + Dual Mag 1.33 pt/a on June 28 Liberty 32oz + Dual Mag 1.33 pt/a on July 20 Liberty 32oz + Outlook 21 oz/a on June 28 Liberty 32oz + Outlook 21 oz/a on July 20 NTC
28 Xtendimax 22oz + Roundup PM 32 oz/a on June 28 Liberty 32oz + Warrant 3 pt/a on July 20 Xtendimax 22oz + Roundup PM 32 oz/a on June 28 Liberty 32oz + Dual Mag 1.33 pt/a on July 20 Xtendimax 22oz + Roundup PM 32 oz/a on June 28 Liberty 32oz + Outlook 21 oz/a on July 20
29
30 Neither dicamba nor 2,4-D will be the silver bullet. They may can take down a few big pigweed. But they can not do this consistently and those survivors are likely to develop resistance in future under constant selection pressure.
31 An example of survivor at the same site
32 August 2016 Headland AL Prior to application
33 Gramoxone + Storm + 24DB Cadre + Storm + 24DB
34 Roundup + 2,4-D Liberty + 2,4-D
35 NTC NTC Direx DAT Cotoran 2 50 DAT
36 Reflex DAT Warrant DAT Xtendimax DAT Reflex 12 oz + Cotoran 2 50 DAT
37 Reflex 12 oz + Warrant DAT Reflex 12 oz + Direx DAT Brake F DAT Warrant 3.2 pt + Direx DAT
38 HAGIE UPFRONT STS 10 TANK CAPACITY: 3570 L BOOM WIDTH: 27.4 M 38
39 JOHN DEERE 6700 TANK CAPACITY: 1590 L BOOM WIDTH: 18.3 M 39
40 SPRACOUPE 4660 TANK CAPACITY: 1580 L BOOM WIDTH: 24.4 M 40
41 2,4-D RETENTION CLEANING PROTOCOL RINSE 1 RINSE 2 RINSE 3 RINSE 4 (PPM) (PPM) (PPM) (PPM) TRIPLE RINSE WATER A A 2.75 A 1.90 A AMMONIUM+GLYPHOSATE+WATER A A 1.27 B 0.90 AB AMMONIUM+FIMCO+WATER A A 1.18 B 1.16 AB AMMONIUM+PROTANK+WATER A A 2.13 AB 0.66 B SPRAYER HAIGE UPFRONT STS A A 2.66 A 1.89 A JOHN DEERE B A 1.30 B 0.62 B SPRACOUPE AB A 1.53 AB 0.62 B A 2,4-D WAS INITIALLY APPLIED AT 1.06 KG AI HA -1. B MEANS FOLLOWED BY THE SAME LETTER IN A COLUMN ARE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BASED ON A MIXED MODEL ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (P=0.05). C NO SPRAYER X TREATMENT INTERACTIONS WERE OBSERVED AT P=0.05, THEREFORE DATA FROM ALL SPRAYERS WERE COMBINED FOR SPRAYER EFFECTS. 41
42 DICAMBA RETENTION CLEANING PROTOCOL RINSE 1 (PPM) RINSE 2 (PPM) RINSE 3 (PPM) RINSE 4 (PPM) TRIPLE RINSE WATER A A 3.57 A 1.25 A AMMONIUM+GLYPHOSATE+WATER A A 0.72 B 0.67 A AMMONIUM+FIMCO+WATER A A 1.21 B 0.90 A AMMONIUM+PROTANK+WATER A A 1.28 B 0.50 A SPRAYER HAIGE UPFRONT STS A A 2.55 A 1.09 A JOHN DEERE B A 0.75 A 0.91 A SPRACOUPE AB A 1.78 A 0.48 A A DICAMBA WAS INITIALLY APPLIED AT 1.12 KG AI HA -1. B MEANS FOLLOWED BY THE SAME LETTER IN A COLUMN ARE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BASED ON A MIXED MODEL ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (P=0.05). C NO SPRAYER X TREATMENT INTERACTIONS WERE OBSERVED AT P=0.05, THEREFORE DATA FROM ALL SPRAYERS WERE COMBINED FOR SPRAYER EFFECTS. 42
43 Dicamba at 5 ppm reduced soybean yield Other data suggesting 3.6 ppm of 2,4-D reduced cotton yield (similar sensitivity compared to dicamba on soybean) After triple rinse, 2,4-D concentration ( ppm) and dicamba concentration ( ppm) were below minimum concentration to cause yield loss on cotton and soybean Our data suggests triple rinse will be definitely required to prevent dicamba or 2,4-D injuring sensitive soybean or cotton and reduce yield The earlier you send out foliage sample to the lab, the more likely they can find it!
44 Cotton stand 51 DAP in ,4-D 0.5 planting Dicamba 0.5 planting
45 Cotton stand 51 DAP in 2017 Dicamba 1 PRE NTC
46 What we learned from 2017? Whether you use Xtend, Enlist or Liberty, it will take two shots of POST to get your field clean We did good to prevent dicamba drift, but whether Xtendimax and Engenia can still have federal labels after 2018 remain uncertain Neither dicamba nor 2,4-D can replace soil herbicides. Soil herbicides are more important than ever considering resistance concerns and grass pressure. Crop injury by herbicide in general was worse due to excessive rains, but they managed to catch up No confirmed reports of PPO-resistant pigweed from South AL, South GA and FL panhandle, yet!!!
47 Weed control system in dryland peanut Gramoxone-based program Valor-based program PRE: Prowl POST 1: Gramoxone (12 oz/a) + Storm/Basagran/24DB + Residual DAP POST 2: Cadre/Ultra Blazer/Cobra + 24DB + Residual DAP PRE: Valor (3 oz/a) + Strongarm + Prowl Gramoxone (Optional) POST 1: Cadre/Ultra Blazer/Cobra + 24DB + Residual DAP POST2 (optional): Aim DAP Residual herbicide options for POST: Zidua, Dual Magnum, Warrant, Outlook Use rate: oz/a for Zidua, pt for Dual Magnum, pt/a for Warrant, oz/a for Outlook Only use NIS for POST treatments to prevent leaf burn
48 Late season weed problems. Many happened because farmers did not use residual herbicide in their POST applications!!!
49 Valor and Gramoxone Injury
50 GA-06G Valor 3 oz/a Henry County 22 DAP Valor 3 oz/a + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Henry County 22 DAP
51 GA 06G Valor 6 oz/a + Strongarm 0.9 oz/a Henry County 22 DAP GA-O6G NTC Henry County 22 DAP
52 GA-06G Valor 3 oz/a Macon County 48 DAP
53 GA 06G Valor 3oz/A + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Macon County 48 DAP
54 GA 06G Valor 6 oz/a + Strongarm 0.9 oz/a Macon County 48 DAP
55 GA-O6G NTC Macon County 48 DAP
56 % NTC 120 Yield days after planting lb/a yield All five varieties tested showed good tolerance to valor-based treatments!!! (Georgia 06G, Georgia 12Y, Georgia 14 N, Georgia 09B, and TufRunner 511) 20 0 Valor 3 oz/a Valor 3 oz + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Valor 6 oz + Strongarm 0.9 oz/a Henry County Macon County Baldwin County Non-Treated Check
57 Peanut Yield 5502 lb/a yield All four varieties tested showed good tolerance to Gramoxone-based treatments!!! (Georgia 06G, Georgia 12Y, Georgia 14N and TufRunner 511) 0 fl oz/a
58 Tropical Spiderwort
59 This field has a lot of tropical spiderwort!!!
60 % of control Soil Herbicide Treatments for Tropical Spiderwort Control 22 DAP Headland Samson Valor SX 3oz/A Valor SX 3oz/A + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Valor SX 3oz/A + Warrant 3.5 pt/a Warrant 3.5pt/A Strongarm 0.45oz/A Warrant 3.5pt/A + Strongarm 0.45oz/A
61 % of control Tropical Spiderwort 15 days after Gramoxone + Dual Mag + 2,4-DB Valor SX 3 oz/a Valor SX 3 oz/a + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Valor SX 3 oz/a + Warrant 3.5 pt/a Warrant 3.5 pt/a Headland Strongarm 0.45 oz/a Samson Warrant 3.5 pt/a + Strongarm 0.45 oz/a
62 Timing A Prowl H2O 2 pt/a Timing B Gramoxone 12 oz/a Dual Magnum 1.33 pt/a Butyrac oz/a NIS 0.25 v/v
63 Timing A Prowl H2O 2 pt/a Timing B Gramoxone 12 oz/a Warrant 3.5 pt/a Butyrac oz/a NIS 0.25 v/v
64 Timing A Prowl H2O 2 pt/a Timing B Gramoxone 12 oz/a Zidua 3.25 oz/a Butyrac oz/a NIS 0.25 v/v
65 Non Treated Check
66 Thank you!
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