DOWNLOAD PDF AVIATION CENTURY WORLD WAR II (AVIATION CENTURY)

Transcription

1 Chapter 1 : Los Angeles Times - We are currently unavailable in your region In Aviation Century: World War II, stunning images of preserved and restored wartime aircraft are combined with archival photographs of the world's first well photographed war to tell an unprecedented visual story of World War II. the unforgettable images are accompanied by insightful text that explains the strategic role of warplanes and. During the 20th and 21st centuries, aircraft came to play increasingly important roles in determining the outcome of battles as well as being deterrents to aggression. Military aircraft came of age during World War II, and their utility for both military and nonmilitary purposes expanded during the Cold War era and beyond. A list of some of these great planes is given below. The Hurricane was numerically the most important British fighter during the critical early stages of World War II, sharing victory laurels with the Supermarine Spitfire in the Battle of Britain â 41 and the defense of Malta â Hurricanes served in all theaters of war where British forces were engaged. Designed around a 1,horsepower, cylinder in-line Rolls-Royce engine soon to be dubbed the Merlin, the Hurricane was an evolutionary development of earlier Camm designs, notably the Fury biplane fighter. A low-wing monoplane with retractable landing gear, the Hurricane, aside from its clean lines and heavy armament, was a conventional design. Its wings, rear fuselage, and tail surfaces were covered by fabric, though the fabric wing covering soon gave way to aluminum. Air Force Lockheed U-2 in flight, Air Force The U-2 is a single-seat high-altitude jet aircraft flown by the United States for intelligence gathering, surveillance, and reconnaissance. Perhaps the most famous spy plane ever built, the U-2, also known as the Dragon Lady, has been in service since A prototype flew in, and the last plane in the series was built in On May 1,, a U-2 was shot down over the Soviet Union, precipitating the U-2 Affair, and in, during the Cuban missile crisis, a U-2 took photographs that confirmed the presence of Soviet nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba. Strategic intelligence-gathering missions have continued, but the U-2 also has been used for battlefield reconnaissance and surveillance in numerous conflicts and tension spots where the United States has been engaged since the Vietnam War in the s. Although many of its functions were adopted by high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, several U-2s are still in service. B Stratofortress United States U. Air Force BG with cruise missiles and short-range attack missiles. Though originally intended to be an atomic-bomb carrier capable of reaching the Soviet Union, it has proved adaptable to a number of missions, and some Bs are expected to remain in service well into the 21st century. The B has a wingspan of feet 56 meters and a length of feet It is powered by eight jet engines mounted under the wings in four twin pods. It originally carried a crew of six, its sole defensive armament being a remotely controlled gun turret in the tail. In the gun was eliminated and the crew reduced to five. Air Force F Fighting Falcon, with two Sidewinder air-to-air missiles, one 2,pound bomb, and an auxiliary fuel tank mounted on each wing. An electronic countermeasures pod is mounted on the centreline. Department of Defense The F, also called Fighting Falcon, is a single-seat single-engine jet fighter built by the General Dynamics Corporation now part of the Lockheed Martin Corporation for the United States and more than a dozen other countries. The F originated in an order placed in for a lightweight cost-effective air-to-air fighter; current models are also all-weather capable, and it is effective for ground attack as well. Air Force took first delivery in The F is 49 feet 15 meters long and has a wingspan of 31 feet 9. Weaponry includes an 0. With a typical combat load, the F weighs approximately 23, pounds 10, kg. It has been sold to U. In terms of international sales, the F is the fighter in greatest demand, and it is currently in the air forces of more than 20 countries. The basic version, which entered service in, was a simple low-cost day fighter that was highly maneuverable, easy to maintain, and able to operate from unimproved airfields. The design bureau produced more than 9, MiGs in as many as 32 versions for the air forces of the Soviet Union and more than 40 other countries and licensed a version for production in China. It became the principal high-altitude interceptor used by North Vietnam, and improved versions formed the backbone of Arab air forces through the s. A team under Aleksandr A. Russia still operates more than 50 Tu aircraft as cruise-missile carriers. It was commonly referred to as the Me after its designer, Willy Page 1

2 Messerschmitt. The Jumo-powered Bf B, armed with four 0. During that period, fuel-injected Daimler-Benz DB engines in the 1,horsepower range had become available, resulting in the Bf E, which was armed with two wing-mounted 0. An additional cannon was to fire through the propeller hub, but this was not immediately successful. The Bf E, the principal German fighter from the invasion of Poland in through the Battle of Britain â 41, had a top speed of miles km per hour and a ceiling of 36, feet 11, meters. It was superior to anything the Allies could muster at low and medium altitudes, but it was outperformed by the British Spitfire at altitudes above 15, feet 4, meters. The P is widely regarded as the finest all-around piston-engined fighter of World War II to have been produced in significant numbers. Approximately 1, Merlin-powered Mustangs were used by the RAF for daylight duties over Europe, and the plane was produced under license in Australia toward the end of the war. A few were delivered to Nationalist China. The most widely produced version was the PD. This craft was first flown in but subsequently underwent significant development. One variant of it became a basic interceptor, another a fighter-bomber, and a third a reconnaissance aircraft. During the s the Mirage III was the basic air superiority fighter of the Israeli air force, and it performed spectacularly in the Six-Day War of It was designed by Horikoshi Jiro and was the first carrier-based fighter capable of besting its land-based opponents. It was designed to specifications written in, was first tested in, and was placed in production and in operation in China in Air Force photo The Fairchild Republic AA Thunderbolt II, a two-seat twin-engine aircraft first flown in, became in the mids the principal close-support attack aircraft of the U. Its primary armament is a nose-mounted seven-barreled 1. Page 2

3 Chapter 2 : Aviation between the World Wars - Wikipedia In Aviation Century World War II, stunning images of preserved and restored wartime aircraft are combined with archival photographs of the world's first well-photographed war to tell an unprecedented visual story of World War II. The unforgettable images are accompanied by insightful text that explains the strategic role of warplanes and describes the types and models of aircraft used by each nation, and re-tells the dramatic stories of the war. The insightful text covers both strategic and individual achievements and is accompanied by rare archival and new detailed photographs of museum aircraft. A pictorial history of aviation from Beginning in with the German blitzkrieg and the Battle of Britain, aircraft repeatedly turned the tide of war. Their worth was proved in many roles besides bombing and airborne assault, including air defense, support of ground operations, maritime patrol, shipping strikes, transport support and reconnaissance. Warplanes became indispensable and revolutionized the character of war. The unforgettable images are accompanied by insightful text that explains the strategic role of warplanes and describes the types and models of aircraft used by each nation, and re-tells the dramatic stories of the war. During his career, he flew sixty different types of aircraft, accumulating over 5, hours of flight time. In addition to the five-volume Aviation Century series, he has co-authored five other books with Dan Patterson. He lives in Fredericksburg, Virginia. He lives in Dayton, Ohio Preface: Strongly represented though these ideas were, they were set aside by most nations. By, only the United States and Britain were making serious attempts to establish strategic bombing forces. However, both had officially left behind the original concept of attacking civilian populations and were proclaiming that their bombers would strike with rapier-like precision at specific targets. Unfortunately, the Anglo-Americans had paid insufficient attention to the practicalities of such a policy. The available instruments of aerial destruction were soon shown to be inadequate for so demanding a task. The strategic air power theorists were wrong, too, in that it proved impossible to bring an enemy nation to its knees by using air power alone. The relentless and increasingly heavy pounding of Germany from the air over six long years failed by itself to force a surrender, vital though it was as an element of the combined Allied offensive. Nevertheless, in the theorists felt justified in claiming that their principal conclusion had been correct; it was the timing of its application that had been wrong. They could point out that the practitioners had jumped the gun in by reaching for the ultimate goal before the necessary equipment was at hand. Once the intercontinental bomber and the atomic bomb arrived, the theory and the means to prove it came together. The destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki from the air finally broke the Japanese will to resist. Would that not still have been the case if such a Draconian response from the United States had been possible four years earlier, immediately after Pearl Harbor? Wherever the truth of the strategic argument lies, it is undeniable that few of those involved in the use of air power in could have predicted the extent to which aircraft would contribute to the Allied victory. Interwar emphasis on the bomber had perhaps veiled the real versatility of air power. In the event, beginning in with the German "blitzkrieg" and the Battle of Britain, aircraft turned the tide of war again and again. Their worth was proved in many roles besides bombing, including such varied tasks as air defense, close support of ground operations, interdiction, airborne assault, maritime patrol, shipping strikes, transport support, and reconnaissance. The flimsy, unarmed and often scorned contraptions of grew into indispensable items of military hardware. In the process, they revolutionized the character of warfare and influenced every aspect of the worldwide struggle. Page 3

4 Chapter 3 : World War II HistoryNet Aviation Century: World War II by Ron Dick & Dan Patterson Beginning in with the German blitzkrieg and the Battle of Britain, aircraft repeatedly turned the tide of war. This period marked the great age of the airship. Before the First World War, pioneers such as the German Zeppelin company had begun passenger services, but the airships constructed in the years following were altogether larger and more famous. Large airships were also experimented with for military purposes, notably the American construction of two airborne aircraft carriers, but their large size made them vulnerable and the idea was dropped. This period also saw the introduction of non-flammable helium as a lifting gas by the United States, while the more dangerous hydrogen continued to be used since the United States had the only sources of the gas at that time, and would not export it. In the British airship R34 flew a double crossing of the Atlantic and in the Italian semi-rigid airship, Norge was the first aircraft confirmed to fly over the North Pole. Whereas the British had experimented with an aircraft "trapeze" on the R33 many years before, the Americans built hangars into two new airships and even designed specialist airplanes for them. Although successful, the idea was not taken further. By the time the Navy started to develop a sound doctrine for using these airships, both had been lost in accidents. More significantly, the seaplane had become more mature and was considered a better investment. The most famous airships today are the passenger-carrying rigid airships made by the German Zeppelin company, especially the Graf Zeppelin of and the Hindenburg of Its engines ran on blau gas, similar to propane, which was stored in large gas bags below the hydrogen cells. Since its density was similar to that of air, it avoided any weight change as fuel was used, and thus the need to vent hydrogen. The Graf Zeppelin became the first aircraft to fly all the way around the world. Following the Hindenburg disaster, the age of the great airships was effectively over. Aeronautical advances[ edit ] The Tupolev-designed Maksim Gorky, the largest fixed-wing aircraft built anywhere before World War II During the late s and early s the available power from aero engines increased significantly, making possible the adoption of the fast cantilever-wing monoplane, originally pioneered as far back as late The de Havilland DH. Unusually for such a highly stressed wing at that time it was still made of wood, with the thin stressed-skin design made possible by the appearance of new high-strength synthetic resin adhesives. In England Frank Whittle patented a design for a jet engine in and towards the end of the decade began developing an engine. In Germany Hans von Ohain patented his version of a jet engine in and began developing a similar engine. Long-distance flights by pioneers such as Alcock and Brown, Charles Lindbergh and Amy Johnson blazed a trail which new commercial airlines soon followed. Many of these new routes had few facilities such as modern runways, and this era also became the age of the great flying boats such as the German Dornier Do X, American Sikorsky S and British Short Empire, which could operate from any stretch of clear, calm water. This period also saw the growth of barnstorming and other aerobatic displays which produced a corps of skilled pilots who would contribute to military air forces during World War II on all sides of the conflict. In the US, the Schweizer brothers manufactured sport sailplanes to meet the new demand. Sailplanes continued to evolve through the s and sport gliding became the main application of gliders. Military aviation[ edit ] In military aviation, the fast all-metal monoplane emerged slowly. During the s the high-wing parasol monoplane vied with the traditional biplane. It was not until the arrival of the American Boeing P Peashooter in â nearly fifteen years after the first low-wing fighter to enter limited military service, the all-metal airframed Junkers D. These were pioneered in late by the Soviet Union with the Polikarpov I fighter, powered initially with an American Wright Cyclone nine-cylinder radial engine. The rotary engines common in the First World War quickly fell out of favour, being replaced by more powerful air-cooled radial engines such as the Pratt and Whitney Wasp series. A History in the Making: Early Aviation in Long Beach. Page 4

5 Chapter 4 : Aviation Century: World War II - blog.quintoapp.com Aviation Century World War II by Ron Dick, Dan Patterson A pictorial history of aviation from Beginning in with the German blitzkrieg and the Battle of Britain, aircraft repeatedly turned the tide of war. On 19 October, the Montgolfiers launched the first manned flight, a tethered balloon with humans on board, at the Folie Titon in Paris. On 21 November, the Montgolfiers launched the first free flight with human passengers. On 1 December, Jacques Charles and the Nicolas-Louis Robert launched their manned hydrogen balloon from the Jardin des Tuileries in Paris, as a crowd of, witnessed. After Robert alighted Charles decided to ascend alone. Ballooning became a major "rage" in Europe in the late 18th century, providing the first detailed understanding of the relationship between altitude and the atmosphere. The young Ferdinand von Zeppelin first flew as a balloon passenger with the Union Army of the Potomac in In the early s ballooning was a popular sport in Britain. These privately owned balloons usually used coal gas as the lifting gas. This has half the lifting power of hydrogen so the balloons had to be larger, however coal gas was far more readily available and the local gas works sometimes provided a special lightweight formula for ballooning events. Airships were originally called "dirigible balloons" and are still sometimes called dirigibles today. Work on developing a steerable or dirigible balloon continued sporadically throughout the 19th century. Another advance was made in, when the first fully controllable free-flight was made in a French Army electric-powered airship, La France, by Charles Renard and Arthur Krebs. However, these aircraft were generally short-lived and extremely frail. Routine, controlled flights would not occur until the advent of the internal combustion engine see below. The first aircraft to make routine controlled flights were non-rigid airships sometimes called "blimps". The most successful early pioneering pilot of this type of aircraft was the Brazilian Alberto Santos-Dumont who effectively combined a balloon with an internal combustion engine. Santos-Dumont went on to design and build several aircraft. At the same time that non-rigid airships were starting to have some success, the first successful rigid airships were also being developed. These would be far more capable than fixed-wing aircraft in terms of pure cargo carrying capacity for decades. Rigid airship design and advancement was pioneered by the German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin. Construction of the first Zeppelin airship began in in a floating assembly hall on Lake Constance in the Bay of Manzell, Friedrichshafen. This was intended to ease the starting procedure, as the hall could easily be aligned with the wind. Its first flight, on July 2,, lasted for only 18 minutes, as LZ 1 was forced to land on the lake after the winding mechanism for the balancing weight had broken. It would be several years before the Count was able to raise enough funds for another try. Although airships were used in both World War I and II, and continue on a limited basis to this day, their development has been largely overshadowed by heavier-than-air craft. Heavier than air[ edit ] Main article: This flying machine consisted of a light frame covered with strong canvas and provided with two large oars or wings moving on a horizontal axis, arranged so that the upstroke met with no resistance while the downstroke provided lifting power. Swedenborg knew that the machine would not fly, but suggested it as a start and was confident that the problem would be solved. The science of mechanics might perhaps suggest a means, namely, a strong spiral spring. If these advantages and requisites are observed, perhaps in time to come some one might know how better to utilize our sketch and cause some addition to be made so as to accomplish that which we can only suggest. Yet there are sufficient proofs and examples from nature that such flights can take place without danger, although when the first trials are made you may have to pay for the experience, and not mind an arm or leg. The 19th century[ edit ] Throughout the 19th century, tower jumping was replaced by the equally fatal but equally popular balloon jumping as a way to demonstrate the continued uselessness of man-power and flapping wings. Meanwhile, the scientific study of heavier-than-air flight began in earnest. Sir George Cayley and the first modern aircraft[ edit ] Sir George Cayley was first called the "father of the aeroplane" in Among his many achievements, his most important contributions to aeronautics include: Clarifying our ideas and laying down the principles of heavier-than-air Page 5

6 flight. Reaching a scientific understanding of the principles of bird flight. Conducting scientific aerodynamic experiments demonstrating drag and streamlining, movement of the centre of pressure, and the increase in lift from curving the wing surface. Defining the modern aeroplane configuration comprising a fixed wing, fuselage and tail assembly. Demonstrations of manned, gliding flight. Setting out the principles of power-to-weight ratio in sustaining flight. In he set down the concept of the modern aeroplane as a fixed-wing flying machine with separate systems for lift, propulsion, and control. He also identified and described the importance of the cambered aerofoil, dihedral, diagonal bracing and drag reduction, and contributed to the understanding and design of ornithopters and parachutes. In he had progressed far enough to construct a glider in the form of a triplane large and safe enough to carry a child. A local boy was chosen but his name is not known. Minor inventions included the rubber-powered motor,[ citation needed ] which provided a reliable power source for research models. By he had even re-invented the wheel, devising the tension-spoked wheel in which all compression loads are carried by the rim, allowing a lightweight undercarriage. Although only a design, it was the first in history for a propeller-driven fixed-wing aircraft. Employing two contra-rotating propellers on the first attempt, made indoors, the machine flew ten feet before becoming destabilised, damaging the craft. The second attempt was more successful, the machine leaving a guide wire to fly freely, achieving some thirty yards of straight and level powered flight. To test his ideas, from he had constructed several gliders, both manned and unmanned, and with up to five stacked wings. He realised that long, thin wings are better than bat-like ones because they have more leading edge for their area. Today this relationship is known as the aspect ratio of a wing. The latter part of the 19th century became a period of intense study, characterized by the " gentleman scientists " who represented most research efforts until the 20th century. Among them was the British scientist-philosopher and inventor Matthew Piers Watt Boulton, who studied lateral flight control and was the first to patent an aileron control system in Meanwhile, the British advances had galvanised French researchers. Developing his ideas with a model powered first by clockwork and later by steam, he eventually achieved a short hop with a full-size manned craft in It achieved lift-off under its own power after launching from a ramp, glided for a short time and returned safely to the ground, making it the first successful powered glide in history. He reportedly achieved a height of meters, over a distance of meters. The planophore also had longitudinal stability, being trimmed such that the tailplane was set at a smaller angle of incidence than the wings, an original and important contribution to the theory of aeronautics. A tailless monoplane with a single vertical fin and twin tractor propellers, it also featured hinged rear elevator and rudder surfaces, retractable undercarriage and a fully enclosed, instrumented cockpit. The Aeroplane of Victor Tatin, It was powered by compressed air. Flown tethered to a pole, this was the first model to take off under its own power. It was intended as a test rig to investigate aerodynamic lift: Completed in, on its third run it broke from the rail, became airborne for about yards at two to three feet of altitude [50] and was badly damaged upon falling back to the ground. It was subsequently repaired, but Maxim abandoned his experiments shortly afterwards. In the last decade or so of the 19th century, a number of key figures were refining and defining the modern aeroplane. Lacking a suitable engine, aircraft work focused on stability and control in gliding flight. In Biot constructed a bird-like glider with the help of Massia and flew in it briefly. The Englishman Horatio Phillips made key contributions to aerodynamics. He conducted extensive wind tunnel research on aerofoil sections, proving the principles of aerodynamic lift foreseen by Cayley and Wenham. His findings underpin all modern aerofoil design. Otto Lilienthal, May 29, He also produced a series of hang gliders, including bat-wing, monoplane and biplane forms, such as the Derwitzer Glider and Normal soaring apparatus. Starting in he became the first person to make controlled untethered glides routinely, and the first to be photographed flying a heavier-than-air machine, stimulating interest around the world. He rigorously documented his work, including photographs, and for this reason is one of the best known of the early pioneers. Lilienthal made over 2, glides until his death in from injuries sustained in a glider crash. Picking up where Lilienthal left off, Octave Chanute took up aircraft design after an early retirement, and funded the development of several gliders. In the summer of his team flew several of their designs Page 6

7 eventually deciding that the best was a biplane design. Like Lilienthal, he documented and photographed his work. In Britain Percy Pilcher, who had worked for Maxim, built and successfully flew several gliders during the mid to late s. The invention of the box kite during this period by the Australian Lawrence Hargrave would lead to the development of the practical biplane. In Hargrave linked four of his kites together, added a sling seat, and flew 16 feet 4. In he published Experiments in Aerodynamics detailing his research, and then turned to building his designs. He hoped to achieve automatic aerodynamic stability, so he gave little consideration to in-flight control. It was launched from a spring-actuated catapult mounted on top of a houseboat on the Potomac River near Quantico, Virginia. On both occasions the Aerodrome No. On November 28,, another successful flight was made with the Aerodrome No. So little remained of the original aircraft that it was given a new designation. With the successes of the Aerodrome No. Spurred by the Spanishâ American War, the U. With the basic design apparently successfully tested, he then turned to the problem of a suitable engine. Now with both power and a design, Langley put the two together with great hopes. To his dismay, the resulting aircraft proved to be too fragile. Simply scaling up the original small models resulted in a design that was too weak to hold itself together. Two launches in late both ended with the Aerodrome immediately crashing into the water. The pilot, Manly, was rescued each time. Nine days after his second abortive launch on December 8, the Wright brothers successfully flew their Flyer. Page 7

8 Chapter 5 : Aviation Century World War II The third in a five volume illustrated history of aviation covers World War II. The insightful text covers both strategic and individual achievements and is accompanied by rare archival and new detailed photographs of museum aircraft. The jet age Origins From the very invention of flight at the beginning of the 20th century, military aircraft and engines generally led the way, and commercial aviation followed. By the late 20th century, however, commercial jet-engine technology had come to rival and sometimes even lead military technology in several areas of engine design. And, although it was not immediately evident, the invention of the jet engine had a far more significant social effect on the world through commercial aviation than through its military counterpart. Commercial jet aircraft have revolutionized world travel, opening up every corner of the world not just to the affluent but to the ordinary citizens of many countries. The early experimenters included the inventor Heron of Alexandria c. In about, Leonardo da Vinci created a sketch of a chimney jack that used hot gases flowing up a chimney to drive fanlike blades that in turn rotated a spit. Both the aeolipile and the spit operated on principles first explained in by Isaac Newton, whose laws of motion formed the basis for modern propulsion theory. By German engineer Franz Stolze had designed the first true gas-turbine engine. In the United States, Sanford A. Moss, an engineer with the General Electric Co. The process was carried a step farther in, when Alan A. Griffith of England developed a theory of turbine design based on gas flow past airfoils rather than through passages. Griffith subsequently worked for many years for Rolls-Royce Ltd. World War II The jet engine was unusual in that it was independently brought to fruition at about the same time in two countries that would soon again be at war. Von Ohain found backing from the aviation industrialist Ernst Heinkel, who sought to have an engine-manufacturing capability to complement his aircraft company. Work proceeded swiftly, and on Aug. Junkers put his engine into production, and it powered the first operational jet fighter in history, the German Messerschmitt Me Britain and the United States also introduced jet fighters, with the British Gloster Meteor making its first flight on March 5, The first American jet fighter, the Bell PA, lacked the performance necessary for combat, so the first operational U. It would prove to be invaluable during the Korean War just five years later, though. The Soviet Union also conducted experiments with jet engines, including the installation of ramjets, but these were on a small scale. Page 8

9 Chapter 6 : World War II Aircraft - Engineering and Technology History Wiki Official Video II Jhootiya Sajna II Lucky Anil II Full Song HD II NEW PUNJABI Century and Half Century -- Ravindra Jadeja Slams A Good Batting Half Century New Zealand Vs India 4th ODI In Cricket. World War II Aircraft B Bomber Military aircraft in World War II included bombers, fighters, and reconnaissance airplanes, as well as a limited number of cargo transports, gliders, blimps, and even jets. Aircraft of various kinds had played a highly visible, but relatively minor role in World War I, but during World War II they were arguably the most important weapons delivery system. Both the primary aggressors in the war, Germany and Japan, launched their campaigns with heavy air strikes. The German Luftwaffe, or air force, used fighters and dive-bombers to overrun Denmark and Holland early in the war, as a prelude to their capture of France. Then, improved bombers rained bombs on England in an attempt to knock this enemy out of the war. The British responded with advanced fighters such as the famous Spitfire, which was guided by the new technology of radar. Japan also inaugurated its war on the U. S with an air attack. The Japanese used aircraft carriers, which had been in service since the s in the famous Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, which destroyed most of the U. S Pacific fleet using aircraft almost exclusively. Technologically, military aircraft rapidly evolved during the war. The wood-and-fabric biplanes of the Great War were superseded by sleek aluminum airframes with powerful, often supercharged piston engines. Radically new types of aircraft also emerged. The Germans, English, and Americans began to experiment with jet-powered aircraft, with the Germans and British actually flying some combat missions in them. These new aircraft achieved very high speeds using the jet engine, a new type of engine that had no propellers. However, the bulk of aerial combat was conducted using propeller-driven, human-piloted fighters and bombers. Over the course of the war, many important battles took place on land and at sea, but it is significant that many of the closing events of the war also depended on aircraft. Once the Allies began retaking territory in Europe, heavy bombers began to attack within Germany. By destroying much of its ability to produce fuel and munitions, bombers turned the tide on the German war effort. Finally, the large bombers developed late in the war, such as the B were huge craft capable of delivering atomic bombs nearly anywhere in the world. S used a B called the Enola Gay in its final airborne attackâ dropping the atomic bomb on Japan. By the end of the war in, fighters and bombers had been transformed into highly effective weapons systems. Chapter 7 : History of flight - The jet age blog.quintoapp.com An Aviation Century Series Book in Great Like New Condition Up for sale here is a wonderful Aviation Century Series book titled "World War II" by the noted authors Ron Dick and Dan Patterson. This copy is in great condition, with a great dust cover as well. Chapter 8 : History of aviation - Wikipedia A fine brass model in realistic detail of a single propeller military airplane. Its shape and features suggest that it is a Supermarine Spitfire fighter plane, a popular single-seat British World War II fighter, interceptor and reconnaissance aircraft, produced starting in Chapter 9 : 11 of the World's Most Famous Warplanes blog.quintoapp.com The pictures focus on rural areas and farm labor, as well as aspects of World War II mobilization, including factories, railroads, aviation training, and women working. Page 9