Lubrication & Cooling Systems

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Cecilia Hoover
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1 Study Guide Chapter 14 Pages Points

3 1. The life span of an engine depends largely upon its & systems. Lube & Cooling

4 The American Petroleum Institute (API) rates oil service classification. (SM)

5 The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) rates oil viscosity.

6 To formulate multiviscosity oils, numerous additives are blended into the oil.

artificially made (synthesized) from other compounds.

10 Synthetic oil base stock is manufactured in a lab from the refining by product ethylene gas. Synthetic oil is oil consisting of chemical compounds which were not originally present in crude oil (petroleum) but were artificially made (synthesized) from other compounds. Semi synthetic oil Semi synthetic oils (also called 'synthetic blends') are blends of mineral oil with no more than 30% synthetic oil. Designed to have many of the benefits of synthetic oil without matching the cost of pure oil.

faulty accessories like oil pressure sending units or oil

11 Oil Consumption can result from external or internal leaks, piston rings, Valve guide & valve seal, or from faulty accessories like oil pressure sending units or oil filter adapters. A stuck open PCV valve can also cause oil burning!

12 Oil Consumption can result from external or internal leaks, piston rings, Valve guide & valve seal, or from faulty accessories like oil pressure sending units or oil filter adapters. A stuck open PCV valve can also cause oil burning!

13 2. The is the heart of the lubricating system. It generates a volume of oil flow. Oil Pump

16 3. Located in the oil pan, the oil pump is submerged in oil at all times. It has a screen filter. Pick up

Oil pressure is very dependent upon tight bearing clearances too!

17 4. Since the oil pump is a positive displacement type, it needs an oil pressure valve to prevent excessively high pressures. Oil pressure is very dependent upon tight bearing clearances too!.0015 Broken or missing spring results in no oil pressure Excessive Oil pump clearances results in little or no oil pressure By Pass Relief Regulator

18 5. The oil pan is also known as the of the engine. A wet sump may have or a windage tray to prevent oil sloshing. Sump, Waffle Sump, Baffle Sump, Screen

20 6. Engine with sump lubrication have 2 oil pumps: one to feed galleries and one to pull oil out of the sump and return it to a reservoir located elsewhere in the vehicle.

22 11. Oil filters have both a (relief) valve to allow flow if they get clogged & a valve to prevent oil drainage from the filter when the engine is shut off.

23 12. Oil are especially popular on turbocharged engines. Heaters Chillers Coolers

24 13. Oil are passages for pressurized flow through the block. bearings are fed oil first. Then the drillings in the crankshaft feed the rod journals. Lifter galleries are next in line.

25 14. Oil pumps may wear since they are lubricated with oil. Both gear & rotor pumps operate with very tight tolerances to maintain sufficient pressurization of the oil. Unfettered Unfiltered Undiluted

26 15. Oil pressure sensors or are screwed into oil galleries & provide a signal for indicator lights and instrument cluster gauges. Engines also have low oil indicators & sensors. Sending Units Mailing Units UPS Units

cylinders or malfunctioning PCV system can pump oil up past the

27 16. Oil consumption can be through either external or leaks. Abnormally high crankcase pressure from bad rings, worn cylinders or malfunctioning PCV system can pump oil up past the piston rings & right into the combustion chamber. Internal Intrinsic Initiative

28 17. Intake manifold that leak can pull oil from the lifter valley on a V engine & straight into the intake ports. Valve guides are oil burning culprits too. Bolts Gaskets Runners

29 Oil pumps should be primed before installation by packing them with petroleum jelly Not grease!

30 Distributor driven pumps may be used to prime the lubrication system before start up by turning the oil pump with an electric drill in the direction of distributor rotation.

32 A pressurized tank of oil can be used to prime the engine through the oil pressure sending unit hole. This equipment is known as a prelubricator.

33 18. An engine losing drops of oil every 100 feet loses quarts of oil every 1000 miles! 3, 3 10, 10 90, 90

34 19. Oil can build up in an engine from infrequent oil changes. Oil flushing could help this. Sludge Fudge Trudge

36 19. Oil can build up in an engine from infrequent oil changes. Oil flushing could help this. Sludge Fudge Trudge

37 20. Liquid engines circulate either an ethylene glycol or a propylene glycol coolant mixed in a 50% concentration w/ water to transfer heat from hot engine parts to the radiator. Cooled Heated Exhausted

38 Propylene glycol Ethylene glycol

41 A closed cooling system utilizes an overflow or recovery reservoir/tank to capture any coolant that passes through the pressure relief valve on the radiator cap. A vacuum valve in the cap allows the coolant to siphon back into the system when the engine cools and the coolant contracts.

42 21. The allows hot coolant to leave the water jackets and enter the radiator. Heater Core Thermostat Radiator Cap

43 A thermostat by pass passage, hose, or jiggle valve allows coolant to circulate in the block & the heater core before the coolant temperature is hot enough to cause the thermostat to open.

46 22. The heart of the liquid cooling system is a belt driven, centrifugal type. Not a positive displacement pump like an oil pump Thermostat Radiator Water Pump Weep Hole

47 23. The is a tube & fin heat exchanger used to transfer coolant heat to the passing air. Thermostat Radiator Water Pump

copper core or of plastic tanks with an aluminum

48 24. Radiators are either flow or flow in design. They are constructed of either brass tanks with a copper core or of plastic tanks with an aluminum core. ATF Cross, Down Vertical, Horizontal Up, Down

49 25. The radiator cap allows pressure to increase in the system which the coolant boil point. Raises Lowers

50 26. For every 1# of pressure on the system, the coolant boil point is raised F ¼

51 27. The radiator is the device that controls coolant exchange between the radiator & expansion tank. Neck Cap Hose

53 Caps can be pressure tested to determine if they meet their pressure relief rating. Vacuum valves cannot be tested. A collapsed top radiator hose on a cool engine is evidence of a bad vacuum valve in the radiator cap!

56 Note: Replacement thermostats with incorrect opening temperature will adversely affect driveability.and in some cases set DTC s. Overheating & Overcooling Too cold for too long = open loop for too long

57 28. Passages in the block and cylinder heads for coolant to flow through are called water.

58 29. fans change their blade pitch with changes in engine speed. fans have their on time controlled by the PCM from the ECT sensor signal using high & low cooling fan relays. Flex, Electric Flux, Electric Flax, Electric

59 30. fan operation is sensitive to the temperature of air flowing through the radiator. Clutch Fancy Torque

60 31. Coolant can get so acidic, that it will react with engine metal to produce electricity. True or False

62 32. Belt slippage due to decreased tension can result in the engine overheating. True or False

63 33. An easy way to test a thermostat is to measure engine temperature with an thermometer. Mercury Submersible Infrared

64 34. Water pumps have holes in their casting that will leak fluid as an early indicator of trouble. Creep Sleep Weep

65 34. Water pumps have holes in their casting that will leak fluid as an early indicator of trouble.

67 35. A steady stream of bubbles leaving the radiator into the expansion tank indicates entering the cooling system. If a head gasket is suspect, check for combustion gas in the radiator with an emission analyzer. Fuel Air Oil

69 36. To determine the source of coolant leaks, either a test or leak detection with a can be done. There are also combustion gas leak testers to identify head gasket problems. Pressure, Dye Vacuum, Dye Pressure, Weep

71 37. Caps can be tested to determine if they meet their pressure relief rating. Vacuum valves cannot be tested. A collapsed top radiator hose on a cool engine is evidence of a bad vacuum valve. Spring Pressure Vacuum

72 No Water Jackets What s up with that?

73 38. There are many options for coolant. Special cleaning chemicals are available too. Flushing

74 Note: Automatic transmission fluid coolers are located in the coolant outlet tank of the radiator.

76 Note: Special belt tension gauges are available to verify proper belt tightness & adjustment. Also, belt wear gauges

78 39. After draining, flushing, & refilling with coolant, a system must be to eliminate air pockets. Sled Shred Bled

80 40. vehicles will have special precautions and procedures to follow to service the cooling system. There may even be a cooling system for the engine and one for the motor electronics. Hybrid LEV ULEV SULEV PZEV ZEV EV PIEV

82 ATASA 5th

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) When preparing for a compression test, technician A disables the ignition system. Technician