EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative

Transcription

1 EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative Key Learnings from the EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative Gale Horst, Senior Project Manager, Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative IRED 2014 Session 3 Reporting on Results of Large Project Portfolios November 18-20, 2014

2 Demonstrations: proving grounds for Research 2

3 Smart Grid Demonstration 24 Collaborators Wisconsin Public Service Exelon (ComEd/PECO) Ameren Hydro-Québec Central Hudson Gas & Electric Con Edison KCP&L Southwest Power Pool SMUD FirstEnergy/JCP&L ESB Networks Electricité de France TEPCO Resident Researcher Salt River Project Hawaiian Electric Co Southern California Edison PNM Resources CenterPoint Energy Entergy Collaborator Collaborator & Host Site American Electric Power Duke Energy Tennessee Valley Authority Southern Company Ergon Energy 3

4 EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative Selected Highlights, Lessons & Challenges EPRI Product ID: (Search for ID at EPRI.com)

5 DER Broken Down by Definition Resource Energy Distributed Resource the ability to impact the operation is beneficial Energy related, directly or indirectly, to energy consumption or production Distributed It is physically located at a variety of locations. Implications: May have a plurality of purposes for dispatch Architecture and methods utilized for resource management Distributed location implies communication Standards are needed for communication Need way to measure and verify the impact Similar devices but variety of ownership/control/aggregation Other variables: type, ownership, command vs. inform, etc. 5

6 DER Integration & Standards Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) Demand Response Automation System (DRAS) Distribution Management System (DMS) GIS MDMS OMS WMS Others Long Life Cycle Enterprise Integration (e.g. CIM MultiSpeak) DERMS, DRAS or DMS Evolving Rapidly SOLAR BATTERY PEV Loads And More (Buildings, Microgrids, etc. 6

7 Duke Energy s Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) Project Description Management and forecasting of DER (Distributed Generation, Storage, Demand Response) Accurate representation of the distribution system in real- or near real-time (capture realtime topology) Simulation of distribution systems based on real-time operational planning to analyze the benefits of smart grid assets 7

8 Duke Energy Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) Project Successes DER visualization Solar back feed mitigation Performed modeling and verification using actual data Cold Load pick up mitigation 8

9 Duke Energy Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) Surprises Related to the Project DERs are still maturing and going through changes A number of early hardware companies exited the market Less Electric Vehicles (EVs) than was expected Utility-scale solar projects Solar Photovoltaic installations in the Carolina s have continued to grow Blue circles are sites under construction Yellow circles indicate advanced development Size of the circle indicates Net capacity change in MW 9

10 Duke Energy Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS) Reaching Beyond Forecasting of DERs, specifically Solar Photovoltaic Develop data requirements for Solar Photovoltaic model Regulatory change for managing DERs for grid benefits Developing standards for distribution and transmission lines to accommodate bidirectional power flow with the least cost design 10

11 A Case Study on Use of Storage for Simultaneous Voltage Smoothing and Peak Shifting 500kW PV and Advanced Carbon Battery for Shifting (1 MWh) and UltraBattery for Smoothing (500kW ) Details will be provided in a 1 of 8 Containers Consisting of 160 Battery Cells Each separate presentation by PNM: Jon Hawkins Data Acquisition System Concept of Simultaneous Smoothing and Shifting Proven Developed flexible control algorithm for firming, smoothing, shifting, prioritization, arbitrage, peak shaving, and optimization 11

12 Voltage CVR and VVO Overview CVR: For every 1% Voltage reduction, ~.8%kW reduction Benefits of CVR and VVO: - Lower losses in lines, transformers - Lower losses in end-use devices - Allows more real-power throughput 114 Distance from Substation Capacitors Regulators Capacitors Tap-changing Transformer 12

13 A Case Study on Conservation Voltage Reduction and Volt-VAR Optimization Substation Approximate Avg. Percentage Demand Reduction (2% V reduction) Substation A 2% CVR Analysis Substation A 2.5% Substation B 1.0% Additional testing of a larger pool of substations to be done to determine predictability of the CVR control strategy Volt-VAR optimization enabled efficient operation of the distribution system while conservation voltage reduction reduced peak demand by an average of 1.7%. 13

14 FAN Pilot: SRP Unified FAN Vision System Characteristics: Broadband Ubiquitous Two Way Communication Fiber Backhaul Secure Private Network LEGEND Wireless Connectivity Substation/Facility Wireless Base Station Video / Security Land Mobile Radio Distributed Generation T&D Equipment Crew Vehicles Customers/Meters Water Facilities Mobile Computing Home Area Networking / Demand Response BACKHAUL SRP Pay Center 14

15 EPRI Case Study A Field Area (communications) Network Pilot Tested 3.65GHz and WiMAX Wireless broadband network can serve as a unifying infrastructure. Distribution Feeder Automation (DFA) Remote Fault Indication (RFI) VOLT/VAR Optimization Conservation Voltage Reduction Aviation Light Monitoring Power Quality Meters Water SCADA (Gatekeepers) Water Measurement Substation/Plant Monitoring Renewable Generation SCADA Physical Security & Surveillance Advanced Meter Infrastructure 15

16 ESB Networks Ireland Customer Behaviour Trial Objective: Assess impact of Smart meters on peak demand & overall energy use 6,400 customers 4800 Domestic 1600 Business Residential Tariffs- Charges Tariff Night Day Peak Tariff A Tariff B Tariff C Tariff D Weekend

17 ESB Network Results Overall Energy Reduction % 2 ½% Behavior was it Sustained? Yes Peak Shift for Customers with IHD 11% Peak Load Shift without IHD 8.8% Minimal added Benefit (2.2%) of IHD doesn t justify Cost No TOU Tipping Point Generalized Custom Behavior Results for Demo s Customer s Engaged Customer Performance (During an Event) Adoption of Technology 5% 10% <3% 10% 15% 17

18 Opt-Out Results Hypothesis Opt-Out Program will result in more participation About 8500 Customers Assigned a new electric rate Provided enabling technologies Given option to Opt-Out Opt Out Reasons Percentage of Customers Opting Out 1. 2% 2. 17% 3. 41% 18

19 kw CPP Responder Event-Day Loads (kw) Results Up to 20% DR from subset of Critical Peak Price and Peak Time Rebate customers Technology treatments added no measurable improvement Impact of AMI on Demand Response Rate Application Responder Load as % Application Load Average % Responder Load Change Total Responder Load Impact % Application Load CPP % -2.2 % DA-RTP % -1.2 % PTR % -1.2 % TOU % -0.9 % IBR % -0.3 % FLR % -0.3 % No event load notch CPP Aug 10,11 CPP Aug 19 CPP Aug 20 CPP Aug Hour Event load response 0.5 notch 1 0 July/Aug weekday 14-Jul Jul Jul Aug Aug Aug Sep

20 EPRI Case Study A Capacitor Bank Health Monitor Issues Causing Failure of Capacitor Banks Identified over 650 problems in the first 6 months Changed the inspection schedule from once a year to once a day. 20

21 Demand Response: Managing Distributed Energy Resources Via 2-Way Load Control System Customer cooling load can respond within 10 minutes Direct load control devices installed on central air conditioning systems at 24,000 residential customer premises to achieve a total curtailable load of 38 megawatts. Creating infrastructure to enhance distribution system reliability and operations and expand opportunities for participation in regional power markets. The project features an integrated control platform and twoway communication systems for distribution system monitoring, peak load shifting, and optimum resource and asset utilization. 22

22 Contingency Design with Single Event 5 th Transformer 4 th Transformer 3rd Transformer 2nd Transformer 1st Transformer 23

23 Case Study VPP for Achieving N-2 Contingency EPRI Product ID: Could spare transformer be virtual? 24

24 DER Providing Contingency Support VPP for Achieving N-2 Contingency EPRI Product ID: Contingency provided by VPP 25

25 Average Hourly Demand (MW) Worst Day Dispatch Lithium-Ion Storage Advanced Pb-Acid Storage Demand Response Conservation Voltage Reduction Distributed Generation Solar PV N-2 Supply Deficit Hour Ending 26

26 Remote Dispatch of Customer- Owned Resources (via 3 rd Party Aggregator) EPRI Product ID: System Operator or Distribution Operator can remotely activate resources. Remote dispatch occurred within 3 minutes during testing. Faster response is anticipated when customer acknowledgement is fully automated. 27

27 A Case Study on Demand Side Uses of Thermal Storage Plant EPRI Product ID: ,000 cooling ton ice chiller 63 storage tanks stores 10,000 ton-hours Total annual benefit estimated at $695,000. This will offset the cost of the thermal storage plant in 3.3 years. 28

28 Smart Campus Project (PECO, Drexel, Veridity) EPRI Case Study Product ID: Selected Buildings Law Building Haggerty Library Pearlstein Business Learning Center General Services and Parking Facility Bossone Research and Commonwealth Buildings 29

29 Smart Campus Project Key Project Deliverables Integration of multi-building, network-controlled system Quantifiable energy savings Created replicable template Identify coordination opportunities with the utility 30

30 A Case Study on Response Precision of PREMIO Virtual Power Plant Smart Box Control of Space and Water Heating in Individual Home Load Reduction Profile The system responded reliably and on time, resulting in a good load reduction profile although the precision of the response profile was irregular. 32

31 What are we Learning in EPRI s Demo s Successes Conservation Voltage Reduction / Volt-Var Optimization Confirmation of Consumer Responses to Variable Pricing & Events Innovative Use of Deployed Technology (Use of AMI for Cap Banks) DER can be managed on individual feeders Challenges Consumer Adoption of Technology & Product Availability Energy Storage Business Case Distribution Data is Just a Mess (anonymous quote from Utility) Standards Adoption Slower than anticipated, but making progress Virtual Power Plant (VPP) Not managing significant quantity or variety of resources (yet) Smart Grid is not a discrete project It requires a sustained effort and strategy to Integrate the Grid and Communications Infrastructures from an overall Systems Perspective 35

32 The Smart Grid Experience: Applying Results, Reaching Beyond Joint EPRI and U.S. Department of Energy conference was held October 27-29, 2014 in Charlotte North Carolina USA. Smart grid successes Technology readiness Surprises & challenges Next Steps reaching beyond Presentations available at: 36

33 EPRI Smart Grid Demonstration Initiative Final Update EPRI Product ID: (Search for ID at EPRI.com) 37

34 The Electric Grid: Past vs. Present vs. Future Past Future Present Path Source: EPRI Core Mission: 1. Safe 2. Reliable 3. Affordable Source: EPRI Core Mission: 1. Safe 2. Reliable 3. Affordable 4. Environmentally Responsible 5. Connected Integrated 6. Resilient 7. Flexible 38

35 Together Shaping the Future of Electricity 39