OCEANOGRAPHY. College of OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY. c 55L. u_rsr C. r4i Ott. ins aahy SC IENCE,:CiON STATE UNIVERSITV Zi 4.7-liPORI, OREGON 37,w5

Transcription

1 u_rsr C c 55L College of ins aahy SC IENCE CENTER,:CiON STATE UNIVERSITV Zi 4.7-liPORI, OREGON 37,w5 OCEANOGRAPHY r4i Ott CTD Observations during Tropic Heat 9 November - 3 December 1984 by T. K. Chereskin C. A. Paulson R. E. Schramm OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY College of Oceanography Oregon State University Reference 85-3 April 1985 DATA REPORT 113 National Science Foundation OCE

2 College of Oceanography Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon CTD Observations during Tropic Heat 9 November - 3 December 1984 by T. K. Chereskin C. A. Paulson R. E. Schramm Data Report 113 Reference 85-3 April 1985 National Science Foundation OCE

3 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Instrument Calibration and Sampling Procedures 5 Data Processing Procedures 9 Acknowledgements 11 References 11 Data Presentation 13 Vertical Profiles and Listings 13 Sequential Profiles 111 Temperature-Salinity Diagrams 129 Vertical Sections 135

4 Introduction Continuous profiles of temperature and conductivity versus pressure were measured during November-December 1984 at 140 W in the tropical Pacific from the R/V Wecoma as part of the Tropic Heat experiment. The observations were made with a Neil Brown Instruments Mark IIIb conductivity-temperature-depth probe (CTD). The times, locations and depths of the CTD stations are given in Table 1, and the locations are plotted in figure 1. A total of 39 stations were occupied, most to a depth of 500 m, with occasional casts to 1000 m. With the exception of the first 3 stations the measurements fall into three groups: 1) a section from 3 S to the equator along 'W (10 casts), 2) a daily station at the equator (10 days) at approximately 0, 140 W within 1-2 miles of Halpern's buoy T44 (NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory), 3) and a section from the equator to 5 N along 'W (16 casts). The first 3 CTD stations were test stations made primarily to calibrate other instruments used in the experiment. The CTD measurements were complementary to the other oceanographic measurements that were made: 1) observations of temperature made with a towed thermistor chain from 3 N to 3 S along 'W (C. Paulson, Oregon State University) 2) vertical profiles of temperature, conductivity and velocity shear made with a free-falling microstructure profiler called the RSVP (D. Caldwell, Oregon State University), and 3) continuous profiles of upper ocean (250 m) horizontal currents made with an

5 5.0 I I J I I I I Longitude Figure 1. CTD station positions

6 3 Table 1. Time, location and depth of CTD stations Station No. Date (GMT) Time Latitude Longitude (GMT) (deg, min) (deg, min) Depth (m) ' N ' W N W N W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W S W N W N W N w N W N W N W S W S W S W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W N W 1000

7 4 acoustic doppler log current profiler (L. Regier, Scripps Institution of Oceanography). CTD station 3 corresponded to the deployment of the towed thermistor chain at 3 N 'W. The chain was then towed from 3 N to 3 S and simultaneous RSVP measurements were made. From 3 S to the equator the first group of CTD measurements were made. Then followed an intensive microstructure sampling program on the equator at ,' together with the daily CTD casts of group 2. Finally, the CTD section from the equator to 5 N was made at the end of the experiment along 'W. Doppler log current measurements were made continuously throughout the experiment.

8 5 Instrument Calibration and Sampling Procedures The Neil Brown CTD was equipped with a platinum resistance thermometer (Model 171 BJ, manufactured by Rosemont), a four-electrode conductivity cell (manufactured by Neil Brown) and a 1600 db pressure transducer. The resolution of the temperature sensor is.0005 C with an accuracy of ±.005 C in the range -2 to 30 C. The conductivity sensor has a resolution of.005 mmhos with accuracy ±.001 mmhos in the range 1 to 65 mmhos. The pressure sensor has a resolution of.025 db with accuracy ± 1.6 db in the range 0 to 1600 db. In situ calibration data were collected for the temperature and conductivity sensors. A Niskin bottle with protected reversing thermometers was mounted 1.5 m above the CTD sensor; at least one and sometimes two samples were taken at each station. The bottle was tripped at the bottom of a cast or during the up-cast (the sample was taken in a mixed layer) after soaking for 5 min at sample depth to allow the thermometers to equilibrate. The sample conductivity was calculated using the CTD temperature data and sample salinity. CTD conductivity was corrected for the pressure and temperature effects on the cell prior to the comparison. The thermometers have an accuracy of ± 0.02 C and are corrected using the results of calibrations done once every two years. Water sample salinity is determined by a Guildline Model 8400 "Autosal" salinometer with a precision of better than ±.002 psu and accuracy.003 psu.

9 35.20 e --1 cn E - a I I I I I In situ sample salinity (psu) Figure 2. Comparison between CTD and in situ salinity

10 7 Results of the comparison between in situ sample data and the CTD are summarized in figures 2 and 3. The analysis of the bottle samples shows that the corrections for temperature are negligible and the rms salinity difference is.003 psu. Since these differences are within the sampling and instrumental errors, no further corrections were applied prior to processing the data. The drop rate was 50 m/min at all stations, and the instrument sampling rate was hz (sample period of 32 msec). The response time of the conductivity cell is determined by the drop rate and by the dimensions of the cell (0.4 cm x 0.4 cm x 3 cm); it is approximately 30 msec. The manufacturer states that conductivity can be determined on scales as small as 1.5 cm for a drop rate of 100 m/min. The time constant of the platinum resistance thermometer was determined by Adriana Huyer (personal communication) to be 235 msec. The constant was determined using hydrographic data processed in 1983; it was calculated from the slope of the phase spectrum between the measured temperature and conductivity as suggested by Millard et al. (1980). A second method of determining the time constant, that of minimizing salinity spikes (Fofonoff et al., 1974), was applied to the Tropic Heat data as an independent check, with virtually identical results.

11 30.0 a) L a E o I In situ sample temperature (C) Figure 3. Comparison of CTD and in situ temperature

12 9 Data Processing Procedures Because of the differences of the response times of the conductivity and temperature sensors, the conductivity data are filtered. The pressure data are also filtered to eliminate ascending data caused by wave action. A simple recusive filter of the form C(n) = a C(n-1) + (1-a) Co(n) is applied, where C o (n) is the observed value and C(n) is the filtered value of the nth scan, and a is determined from the time constant of the platinum thermometer ( T ) and the sampling period (At) a = T/(T + At) We used a value of a =.880 The data are logged at sea on a Kennedy 9-track data logger. Data logging begins as soon as the CTD is in the water and continues until the CTD reaches its maximum depth. The first step in processing is to correct the conductivity data for cell variations due to temperature and pressure changes. The next step is to check for extraneous values and extreme gradients, then apply the recursive filter to pressure and conductivity and compute salinity from the algorithm given by Fofonoff and Millard (1983), based on the practical salinity scale adopted in 1978 and the international equation of state for seawater adopted in Data collected during descent are sorted into 1 db bins, and the extrema and averages computed for each bin. The data processing programs are documented in Gilbert, Huyer and Schramm (1981). The processed data files containing integral pressure, average tem-

13 10 perature and salinity are used to calculate other parameters of interest such as potential temperature (theta), potential density anomaly (sigma-theta), specific volume anomaly, dynamic height, Brunt-Vaisala frequency and sound velocity.

14 11 Acknowledgements We thank the personnel who participated in the CTD sampling program: Marc Willis, Marcia Campbell, Melora Park, and Robert Hodgson (Humboldt State). Jane Fleischbein processed the bottle samples. The cooperation of the captain, crew and scientists aboard the R/V Wecoma is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank Barbara Levine for designing and drawing the cover design. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant OCE References Fofonoff, N.P., S.P. Hayes, and R.C. Millard W.H.O.I./Brown CTD microprofiler: Methods of calibration and data handling. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report No Fofonoff, N.P. and R.C. Millard Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater. Unesco technical papers in marine science. Gilbert, W.E., A. Huyer and R. Schramm Hydrographic data from the first Coastal Ocean Dynamics Experiment: R/V Wecoma, Leg 2, April Oregon State University, School of Oceanography. Ref pp. Millard, R., J. Toole and M. Swartz A fast responding temperature measurement system for CTD applications. Ocean Engineering. 7,

15 13 Data Presentation Vertical Profiles and Listings Vertical profiles of temperature, salinity and sigma-theta versus pressure are shown. Every station is plotted to 500 db; the deep stations are also shown plotted to 1000 db. The facing page gives the header information and a partial data listing. The header information is: STA NO Station number LAT Latitude, degrees and minutes LONG Longitude, degrees and minutes DATE Day-month-year TIME Time, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) PROBE CTD identification number DEPTH Bottom depth in meters Data listings give the values of observed and calculated parameters, interpolated to standard pressures, plus the values at the shallowest and deepest levels. PRESS Pressure, decibars TEMP Temperature, Celsius SAL Salinity, practical salinity unit (psu) POTEN TEMP Potential temperature, Celsius SIGMA-THETA Potential density anomaly, kilograms per cubic meter SVA Specific volume anomaly, centiliters/tonne (10 8 m3/kg) DELD Dynamic height, dynamic meters (10 m2/s2)

16 1 4 STA NO 1 09 NOV 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1922 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 2649K PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M') (CL/T) (DYN M) a

17 15 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 1

18 16 STA NO 2 12 NOV 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1913 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 5267M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

19 17 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 2

20 18 STA NO 3 15 NOV 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0339 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4323M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

21 19 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I Temperature (deg C) L Temperature T Salinity (psu) STATION 3 T I

22 20 STA NO 4 LAT: S LONG: W 18 NOV GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4509M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) ( KG/M 3 ) (CUT) (DYN M) /

23 21 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I STATION 4

24 22 STA NO 5 18 NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 2228 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4467M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CUT) (DYN M)

25 23 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I L U) U) L T 1 I I I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 5

26 24 STA NO 6 19 NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 0100 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4345M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) / / / /

27 25 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) _o a) L. U) cn a) 300 Sigma theta Salinity (psu) 35.4 I 35.6 STATION 6

28 26 STA NO 7 19 NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.1 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4298M SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) PRESS TEMP

29 27 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I I U) a) L. Salinity Temperature Salinity (psu) STATION 7

30 STA NO 8 19 NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 0545 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4304M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) ) )

31 29 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I 1 I I I I I i Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 8

32 30 STA NO 9 19 NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 0808 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4451M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

33 31 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I o 3 U) If 500 I I- 1 I I I I I I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 9

34 32 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.0 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4319M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

35 33 Sigma theta (kg/m3) a) cn L a) I 1 I 1 1 I I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 10

36 34 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 1304 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4337M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

37 35 Sigma theta I (kg/m3) Salinity (psu) STATION 11

38 36 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: S LONG: W 1534 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4325M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) '

39 37 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I I I I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 12

40 38 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT:, GMT 0.1 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4349M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) ' BAD WIRE ANGLE STOP AT 150M TO FIX

41 39 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 13

42 40 STA NO 14 LAT: S LONG: W 21 NOV GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4394M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN TEMP (C) SIGMA THETA (KG/M 3 ) SVA DELD (DB) (C) (PSU) (CL/T) (DYN M)

43 41 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I Q.) L (.1) U) a) L a I I I 1 T F Salinity (psu) STATION 14

44 42 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.5 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4394M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

45 43 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 15

46 44 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.4 N LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4389M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CUT) (DYN M)

47 45 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I a) rn a) L Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 1 6

48 47 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I 4 Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I STATION 1 6

49 48 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.2 N LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4391M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M') (CL/T) (DYN M)

50 49 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I-I 1 11 I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 17

51 51 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I 4 8 Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I I I l I I 1 I Salinity (psu) STATION 17

52 52 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 2013 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4394M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

53 53 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I a) L. U) U) a) L a I-I 1 T I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 18

54 54 STA NO Nov 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1857 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4388M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M3) (CL/T) (DYN M) o o o

55 55 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I I I 1 1 I I- I I Salinity (psu) STATION 19

56 56 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.5 N LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4388M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

57 57 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 20

58 58 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1919 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4391M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

59 59 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I I Sigma theta Salinity Temperature 35.6 STATION 21

60 61 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I Temperature (deg C) I i I I Salinity (psu) I STATION 21

61 62 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.5 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4388M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

62 63 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I I IIII Salinity (psu) STATION 22

63 STA NO NOV 1984 LAT: GMT 0.4 S LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4376M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) ,

64 65 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I ) J (/) U) (1) L Salinity (psu) STATION 23

65 66 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: GMT 0.0 N LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4333M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) ' ,

66 67 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Salinity (psu) 35.6 STATION 24

67 69 Sigma theta (kg/m3) a) J U) a) L f 1 I I Salinity (psu) STATION 24

68 70 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 2241 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4366M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M3) CL/T) (DYN M)

69 71 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I 1 I I I I a) L. 7 Sigma theta cr) a) Salinity Temperature Salinity (psu) STATION

70 72 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0104 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4345M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

71 73 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature I 1 I- I I Salinity (psu) 35.4 STATION 26

72 74 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0324 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 3855M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

73 75 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) Salinity Temperature I I I -I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION

74 77 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Salinity Temperature IIII111i Salinity (psu) STATION 27

75 78 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0632 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4449M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M3) (CL/T) (DYN M)

76 79 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 28

77 80 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0904 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4388M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M) ,

78 81 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I 6 Temperature (deg C) I I I I I _O -0 (1.) L J U) U) a) I I I I I Salinity (psu) 35.4 STATION 29

79 82 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: GMT 0.0 N LONG: W PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4394M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

80 83 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I Sigma theta Salinity (psu) STATION

81 85 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I 1 Temperature (deg C) a) 0, a) I 1 I Salinity (psu) STATION 30

82 86 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1444 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4340M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

83 87 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 31

84 88 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1730 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4185M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

85 89 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I 1 I I I I Temperature (deg C) _a -o a) 3 U) (/) (1) 0 Sigma theta 300 Salinity I I Salinity (psu) STATION 32

86 90 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 2014 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4333M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

87 91 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I o a) U) a) I I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 33

88 93 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I 4 Temperature (deg C) Sigma theta Temperature Salinity B Salinity (psu) STATION 33

89 94 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 2306 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4311M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M3) (CL/T) (DYN M)

90 95 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I Sigma theta Salinity I I I Salinity (psu) STATION

91 96 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0130 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4262M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

92 97 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I 1 1 Temperature (deg C) I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 35

93 98 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0406 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4344M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

94 99 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I Salinity (psu) STATION 36

95 101 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I I I I Sigma theta L U) 0) a) Salinity I I f Salinity (psu) STATION 36

96 102 STA NO 37 LAT: N LONG: W 03 DEC GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4305M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN TEMP (C) SIGMA THETA (KG/M 3 ) SVA DELD (DB) (C) (PSU) (CL/T) (DYN M)

97 103 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I l I I I Temperature (deg C) I I I I / Sigma theta Salinity (psu) STATI 0 N 37

98 104 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 0922 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4442M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

99 105 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) I I I I I Sigma theta Salinity (psu) STATION 38

100 106 STA NO DEC 1984 LAT: N LONG: W 1208 GMT PROBE 2561 DEPTH 4524M PRESS TEMP SAL POTEN SIGMA SVA DELD TEMP THETA (DB) (C) (PSU) (C) (KG/M 3 ) (CL/T) (DYN M)

101 107 Sigma theta (kg/m3) Temperature (deg C) I I 100 _o -o a) U) U) a) a Salinity (psu) 35.2 STATION 39

102 109 Sigma theta (kg/m3) I I 1 I I I Temperature (deg C) I I Salinity I 1 I I Salinity (psu) STATION 39

103 111 Sequential Profiles On the following pages are sets of sequential profiles of temperature, salinity and sigma-theta. There is one set for the section from 3 S to the equator along 'W, two sets for the time series at 0, 140 W, and two sets for the section from the equator to 5 N along 'W.

104 (stations 4-13, offset is 3 C) I I I I I Temperature (deg C) CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W

105 (stations 4-13, offset is.3 psu) o (I) L. U) Salinity (psu) I I I CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W

106 (stations 4-13, offset is 2kg/m3) 100 (t) U) Sigma theta (kg/m3) CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W

107 (stations 13-18, offset is 3 C) I I I I I L U) cn I I 1 I I I Temperature (deg C) (no station ) CTD stations at 0 from to

108 (stations 19-24, offset is 3 C) 1 I I I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) CTD stations at 0 from to

109 (stations 13I 3-1 8, offset is.3 psu) J Salinity (psu) (no station ) CTD stations at 0 from to

110 i Salinity (psu) CTD stations at 0 from to

111 (stations 13-18, offset is 2 kg/m3) 100 -o Sigma theta (kg/m3) (no station ) CTD stations at 0 from to

112 (stations 19-24, offset is 2 kg/m3) Sigma theta (kg/m3) CTD stations at 0 from to

113 stations 24-31, offset is 3 C) I I I I 1 I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) CTD stations from 0 to 2 20'N along 'W

114 (stations 32-39, offset is 3 C) I I I I I I I I I I Temperature (deg C) CTD stations from 2 40'N to 5 N along 'W

115 (stations 24-31, offset is.35 psu) I I I Salinity (psu) CTD stations from 0 to 2 20'N along 'W

116 (stations n 32-39, offset is.35 psu) U) L Salinity (psu) CTD stations from 2 40'N to 5 N along 'W

117 (stations 24-31, offset is 2 kg/m3) Sigma theta (kg/m3) CTD stations from 0 to 2 20'N along 'W

118 (stations 32-39, offset is 2 kg/m3) 100 -o a) at Sigma theta (kg/m3) CTD stations from 2 40'N to 5 N along 'W

119 129 Temperature-Salinity Diagrams On the follwing pages are temperature-salinity (T-S) diagrams from the surface to 500 db. The grouping of stations in each diagram correspond to the sets of sequential plots in the previous section.

120 1 I I I Salinity (psu) CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W

121 28 (no cast ) 24 cri a) -o 20 a) Salinity (psu) CTD stations at 0 from to I

122 28 24 cn a) -a 20 a a E Salinity (psu) CTD stations at 0 from to

123 I 1 I I Salinity (psu) CTD stations from 0 0 to 2 20'N along 'W

124 Salinity (psu) CTD stations from 2 40'N to 5 N along 'W

125 135 Vertical Sections On the following pages are three sets of vertical sections, one set each for the section from 3 S to the equator along 'W, the time series at 0, 140 W, and the section from the equator to 5 N along 'W. For each section and each parameter there are two plots, one to a depth of 200 db followed by one to 500 db. The contouring uses data averaged over 10 db intervals; the average is assigned to the midpoint of the interval. The first depth interval is centered at 10 db; the last depth interval is centered at 490 db. Contours were done by computer using a linear interpolation scheme. No further smoothing was done to the data. Note that the contour intervals are not uniform.

126 sCID stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 0. Temperature (deg C)

127 I I I I I I I I CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 00 3S Temperature (deg C)

128 I CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 00 3S Salinity (psu)

129 I I I I I I I CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 3 S 0 Salinity (psu)

130 I I I I I I I I S CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 0 Sigma theta (kg/m3)

131 I I I S CTD stations from 3 S to 0 along 'W 0 Sigma theta (kg/m3)

132 0 (no cast ) ,,,n- 23.s s.., NN. it: , a) Z(4.0. cn cn a) 200 I I I 1 I I I I I CTD stations at 0 from to Temperature (deg C) 24

133 (no cast ) L. LD_ I I I 1 I I I I I I CTD stations at 0 from to Temperature (deg C)

134 CTD stations at 0 from to Salinity (psu)

135 (no cast ) 1 1 I I I I n > "II (1) 34.,_ (1) I I 16 I 17 I 18 I 19 I 20 I I CTD stations at 0 from to Salinity (psu)

136 (no cast ) I I I I I CTD stations at 0 from to Sigma theta (kg/m3) 24

137 (no cast ) _L I I I I,n nfia nn "cp 26, cn a_ me_ I I I I CTD stations at 0 from to Sigma theta (kg/m3)

138 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W 5 N Temperature (deg C)

139 o I I I I I I I I CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W Temperature (deg C) 5 N

140 I 1 I I I I I I- I I CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W 5 N Salinity (psu)

141 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W 0 Salinity (psu) 5 N

142 200 E I I I 1 I I I r CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W Sigma theta (kg/m3) 5 N

143 CTD stations from 0 to 5 N along 'W Sigma theta (kg/m3)

144