Data on the Least Developed Countries

Transcription

1 UNCTAD/LDC/2008 The Least Developed Countries Report 2008 Growth, Poverty and the Terms of Development Partnership Prepared by the UNCTAD secretariat Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2008

2 Statistical Annex: Da t a o n t h e Least Developed Countries

3 136 The Least Developed Countries Report 2008 Contents Page Explanatory notes Abbreviations Tables 1. GDP per capita and population: Levels and growth Real GDP, total and per capita: Annual average growth rates Agricultural production: Total and per capita Food production, total and per capita: Average annual growth rates The manufacturing sector: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates Gross capital formation: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates Indicators on area and population Indicators on demography Indicators on health Indicators on nutrition and sanitation Indicators on education and literacy, Indicators on communication and media, Indicators on transport and transport network Indicators on energy and the environment Status of women in LDCs LDCs refugees population by country or territory of asylum or residence, end Leading exports of the LDCs, Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates Total merchandise imports: Levels and annual average growth rates Main markets for exports of LDCs: Percentage share in Main sources of imports of LDCs: Percentage share in Composition of total financial flows to LDCs Distribution of financial flows to LDCs and to all developing countries, by type of flow Share of LDCs in financial flows to all developing countries, by type of flow Net ODA from individual DAC member countries to LDCs Bilateral ODA from DAC, non-dac member countries and multilateral agencies to LDCs Net ODA to LDCs from DAC member countries and multilateral agencies mainly financed by them: Distribution by donor and shares allocated to LDCs in total ODA to all developing countries Total Financial Flows and ODA from all sources to individual LDCs Bilateral and Multilateral net ODA disbursements to individuals LDCs Foreign direct investment: Inflow to and outflow from LDCs External debt and debt service by source of lending Total external debt and debt service payments of individual LDCs Debt and debt service ratio...171

4 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries 137 Explanatory Notes Definition of country groupings Least developed countries 1 The United Nations has designated 50 countries as least developed: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia. LDCs geographical classification African LDCs (and Haiti): Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia (32). Asian LDCs: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao People s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal and Yemen (8). Island LDCs: Cape Verde, Comoros, Kiribati, Maldives, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu and Vanuatu (10). Major economic areas The classification of countries and territories according to main economic areas used in this document has been adopted for purposes of statistical convenience only and follows that in UNCTAD, Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics Countries and territories are classified according to main economic areas as follows: Developed economies: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faeroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States. Transition economies: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. All developing countries: All other countries, territories and areas in Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania not specified above. Other developing countries: All developing countries excluding LDCs. Major petroleum exporters: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Congo, Gabon, Antilles, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Netherlands, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudia Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen. Newly industrialized economies: 1st tier: Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China), Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China. Newly industrialized economies: 2nd tier: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand. Other country groupings DAC member countries: The countries of the OECD Development Assistance Committee are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States. Non-DAC member countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Iceland, Rep. of Korea, Mexico, Poland, Slovak Rep. Turkey, Thailand and Arab Countries (Algeria, Iran Islamic Republic of, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates). Other notes Calculation of annual average growth rates. In general, they are defined as the coefficient b in the exponential trend function y t = ae bt where t stands for time. This method takes all observations in a period into account. Therefore, the resulting growth rates reflect trends that are not unduly influenced by exceptional values. Population growth rates are calculated as exponential growth rates. The term dollars ($) refers to United States dollars, unless otherwise stated. Details and percentages in tables do not necessarily add to totals because of rounding. The following symbols have been used: A hyphen (-) indicates that the item is not applicable. Two dots (..) indicate that the data are not available or are not separately reported. A zero (0) means that the amount is nil or negligible. Use of a dash ( ) between dates representing years, e.g , signifies the full period involved, including the initial and final years. 1 Cape Verde is included in spite of its graduation from the LDC group on 21 December 2007 (see box on p.xii). 2 United Nations Publication, Sales No. E/F.07.II.D.19.

5 138 The Least Developed Countries Report 2008 Abbreviations AfDF AsDF DAC EC EIA ESAF EU FAO FAOSTAT GDP GEF GNI IDA IDB IEA IFAD ILO IMF IPU ITU LDC ODA OECD OPEC PASS. PRGF SAF SITC UN DATA UN DESA UNCTAD UNDP UNESCO UNFPA UIS UNHCR UNICEF UNTA UPU USAID WFP WHO African Development Fund Asian Development Fund Development Assistance Committee European Commission Energy Information Administration Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility European Union Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO statistical database gross domestic product Global Environment Facility gross national income International Development Association Inter-American Development Bank International Energy Agency International Fund for Agricultural Development International Labour Organization International Monetary Fund Inter-parliamentary Union International Telecommunication Union least developed country official development assistance Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Passengers Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility Structural Adjustment Facility Standard International Trade Classification United Nations Data Access System United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs United Nations Conference on Trade and Development United Nations Development Programme United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations Population Fund UNESCO Institute for Statistics United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees United Nations Children s Fund United Nations Technical Assistance Universal Postal Union United States Agency for International Development World Food Programme World Health Organization

6 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries GDP per capita and population: Levels and growth Country Real GDP per capita Annual average growth rates of real GDP per capita (2006 dollars) a (%) Level (million) Population Annual average growth rates (%) Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Republic of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Republic Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Rep. of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs African LDCs and Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs Other developing countries All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from United Nations/DESA/Statistics and Population Divisions, January a Real GDP data has been rebased using an implicit GDP deflator.

7 140 The Least Developed Countries Report Real GDP, total and per capita: Annual average growth rates (Per cent) Country Real GDP Real GDP per capita Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea a a Ethiopia 3.4 b b Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Rep. of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs African LDCs and Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs Other developing countries All developing countries Source: UNCTAD Secretariat calculations based on UN/DESA Statistics and Population Divisions, January Note: Data refers to real GDP and real GDP per capita (1990 dollars). a for Eritrea and Ethiopia. b Data for Ethiopia prior to 1992 include Eritrea.

8 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries Agricultural production: Total and per capita (Per cent) Country Percentage share of agriculture in: Total agricultural production a Per capita agricultural production a Total Labour force Share of GDP (Annual average growth rates) (Annual average growth rates) Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan b b Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde b b Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea b b Eritrea c 0.4 b c -3.2 b Ethiopia c c Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep b b Lesotho b b Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali b b Mauritania b b Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste b b Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Rep. of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on FAO, FAOSTAT online data, January 2008; UNCTAD, Handbook of Statistics a Index, base year b for Bhutan, Cape verde, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Lao People's Dem. Rep., Lesotho, Mali, Mauritania and Timor-Leste. c for Eritrea and Ethiopia.

9 142 The Least Developed Countries Report Food production, total and per capita: Average annual growth rates (Per cent) Country Total Food Production a Net per capita food Production a Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan b b Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde b b Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea b b Eritrea 4.3 c 0.4 b c -3.2 b Ethiopia 8.6 c c Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Republic b b Lesotho b b Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali b b Mauritania b b Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste b b Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on FAO, FAOSTAT online data, January a Index, base year b for Bhutan, Cape Verde, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Lao People's Dem. Rep., Lesotho, Mali, Mauritania and Timor-Leste. c for Eritrea and Ethiopia.

10 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries The manufacturing sector: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates (Per cent) Country Share in GDP Annual average growth rates Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea a Ethiopia a Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Republic Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs African LDCs and Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs Other developing countries All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from United Nations/DESA Statistics Division. a for Eritrea and Ethiopia.

11 144 The Least Developed Countries Report Gross capital formation: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates (Per cent) Country Share in GDP Annual average growth rate Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Republic of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea a Ethiopia a Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Republic Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs African LDCs and Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs Other developing countries All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on data from United Nations/DESA Statistics Division. a for Eritrea and Ethiopia.

12 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries 145 Country Land area a (000km 2 ) 7. Indicators on area and population Area % of arable land and land under permanent crops % of land area covered by forest Density (pop/km 2 ) Total (million) Population Urban (%) Activity rate c (2006) (%) b 2005 b Male Female Total Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs African LDCs and Haiti Asian LDCs Island LDCs Other developing countries All developing countries Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on FAO, FAOSTAT online data, January 2008; UNCTAD, Handbook of Statistics, 2007; United Nations/DESA Population Division; ILO, online data, December a Country area excluding inland water; b Latest year available; c Economically active population, aged 15 years and older as percentage of total population aged 15 years and older.

13 146 The Least Developed Countries Report Indicators on demography Country Under 5 mortality rate Infant mortality rate Average life expectancy at birth Crude birth rate Crude death rate Per live births Years Per population Female Male Total Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan a a a Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Republic of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati a a a Lao People's Dem. Republic a a a Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All Developing countries Source: UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2008, February 2008; World Bank, World Development Indicators, online, February a 2002 for Bhutan, Kiribati and Lao's People's Democratic Republic.

14 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries 147 Country Low birthweight infant a Skilled attendant at delivery 9. Indicators on health Percentage of 1-year-old children immunized against: Estimated number of children living with HIV Estimated number of people living with HIV Estimated adult HIV prevalence rate (%) (%) (%) (thousands) (%) TB DPT3 b Measles (0-14 years) (0+ years) (15+ years) 2006 c 2006 c end 2005 Afghanistan <1.0 <0.1 Angola Bangladesh <0.1 Benin Bhutan <0.5 <0.1 Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros <0.1 <0.5 <0.1 Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea < Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Republic Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All developing countries Source: UNICEF, The State of World's Children 2008; UNAIDS, 2006 Global Report. a Less than 2,500 grams. b Diphteria, Pertussis and Tetanus. c 2006 or latest year available.

15 148 The Least Developed Countries Report Indicators on nutrition and sanitation Country Total food supply (Kcal/capita/day) % of population using improved drinking water sources % of population using adequate sanitation facilities a 2004 a 2004 a Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All developing countries Source: FAO, FAOSTAT online data, January 2008; UNICEF, The State of World's Children a Latest year available.

16 Statistical Annex: Data on the Least Developed Countries Indicators on education and literacy, 2005 a (Per cent) Country Adult literacy rate Youth literacy rate School enrolment ratio Primary b Secondary c Tertiary d Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia LDCs All developing countries Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), online data, February 2008; UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2008; UNDP, Human Development Report a 2005 or latest year available. b Net primary school enrolment. c Net secondary school enrolment. d Gross tertiary school enrolment.

17 150 The Least Developed Countries Report 2008 Country 12. Indicators on communication and media, 2006 a Post offices open to the public Per inhabitants Radio receivers Television sets Telephone mainlines Mobile users Per inhabitants Personal computers Afghanistan Angola Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Dem. Rep. of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Guinea Guinea-Bissau Haiti Kiribati Lao People's Dem. Rep Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Maldives Mali Mauritania Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Rwanda Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Sierra Leone Solomon Islands Somalia Sudan Timor-Leste Togo Tuvalu Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Vanuatu Yemen Zambia Source: UPU, online data, February 2008; ITU, online data, February a Or latest year available. Internet users