International Armoured Vehicles London, 2-3 February 2010 Meeting the Needs of the Swedish Armed Forces: Current Requirements and Capability Gaps

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1 International Armoured Vehicles London, 2-3 February 2010 Meeting the Needs of the Swedish Armed Forces: Current Requirements and Capability Gaps Brigadier General Anders Carell Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV)

2 Agenda Who am I? A changing world Transformation of the Swedish Armed Forces Swedish fleet of armoured combat vehicles What about SEP? Procurement of armoured combat vehicles Objective 2014 plans for the future Ongoing procurements Summary

3 A changing world and the transformation of the Swedish Armed Forces

4 9 Million inhabitants Defence budget 1,3 % of the GNP

5 A revolution in military affairs Swedish nonalignment policy Swedish non-alignment policy but with an option 2009 Swedish alignment policy Cold War Post-Warzaw Pact

6 Bill to the Parlament Endstate 2014 Starting 2010 Decision 2009

7 Declaration of Solidarity as put forward in the Defence Commission s reports Sweden will not take a passive stance if another EU Member State or other Nordic country suffers a disaster or an attack. We expect these countries to act in the same way if Sweden is affected. This means that Sweden can contribute with military support in crisis and conflict situations. We must be able and willing to help one another in the event of accidents, crisis or conflicts, by contributing with relevant capabilities. In this context, Sweden must be able both to receive and to give military support.

8 Transformation objectives Availability Usability Flexibility - Today for national as well as international tasks - Operational and strategic mobility - Swedish territory as well as abroad - Single set of Forces - All Conflict Levels - Organization - Modularity Cooperation - Other Countries and organizations - Other Swedish Governmental Actors - Civil-Military

9 Expeditionary Capability Up to 2000 men deployed (in peace time) Framework nation for EUBG Comprehensive approach SAC

10 Development of the Armed Forces All Voluntary Force conscription abolished in Peacetime Main operational units in the ground forces will be Battalion sized Battlegroups Capability to operate national and multinational Brigade Combat Teams Air War Fighting Capability with JAS 39 Gripen as main asset Naval Forces primarily for operations in the Baltic Sea Home Guard with more flexible National Defence Units Mobilization Reserve activated within three years

11 Force structure Operational Forces Standing Units Rapid response & rotation assets Full time soldiers Reserve Units Rotation assets Reservists Home Guard Units Rapid response assets Part time soldiers (National Surveillance & Guard Tasks only) Mobilization Reserve Equipment in storage Activated within three years - conscription Pool of Personnel Former active & reserve personnel

12 Not to know the past and draw consequences out of these experiences, is to disclaim your right to influence our time and to form the world of the future. Because tomorrow rests upon yesterdays foundation

13 From a stored DEFENCE for INVASION..

14 to an operational DEFENCE for INSERTION

15 brigades, 150 freestanding battalions ~ men + Home Guard men

16 brigades, 200 freestanding battalions ~ men + Home Guard men I

17 brigades, 120 freestanding battalions ~ men + Home Guard men

18 brigades, 25 freestanding battalions ~ men + Home Guard men

19 Operational Armed Forces after mobilization Tomorrow* Fighter Aircrafts ~ Navy Vessels+Subs ~ Army ~ sold x3 x2 H Home Guard ~ sold ~ ~ *Expeditionary

20 Operational Armed Forces Main Assets 1 Force Headquarter (FHQ) 2 Brigade Combat Team HQ 7 Maneuver Battalions (Mech & Light infantry) 2 Artillery Battalions 2 Air Defence Battalions 1 Ranger Battalion 1 SOF Unit 1 Intelligence Battalion 2 Engineer Battalions 1 Security Battalion 2 Logistic Battalions 3 Tank Companies 40 Home Guard Battalions 4 Mobilization Reserve Maneuver Battalions 7 Corvettes 4 Submarines 7 MCM vessels 2 Support ships 1 Maneuver Battalion (Amphibious) 4 Fighter Squadrons (JAS39C/D) 1 Transport Squadron (C130) 1 Helicopter Battalion (NH90, A109)

21 Swedish Combat Vehicle Fleet Update inventory Update ongoing activites

22 CV 90 vehicle family CV90 a family of combat vehicles vehicles delivered The different variants of CV90: CV Forward Observation Vehicle 42 Forward Command Vehicle 56 Anti Aircraft Vehicle 30 Armoured Recovery Vehicle 26 Electric Warfare Vehicle 1 Chassies for supporting vehicles 40 International co-operation within the CV90 Users Club Deployed to Afghanistan 7 CV9040C 1 ARV 90C Planning for upgrading from 2013 Renovation Modifications (limited) New fire extinguishing system Replacement of halon Ongoing studies: Investigation of vibrations Rubber band tracks

23 Leopard 2 vehicle family Leopard 2 vehicle family: MBT 122 (new Leo 2 A5S) 120 procured MBT 121 (used Leo 2 A4) 160 procured ARV 120 (armoured recovery) 14 procured AEV 120 (armoured engineer) 6 delivered from 2011 International co-operation within the Leopard MBT LEOBEN Users Club Planning for upgrading from 2013 Renovation & modifications (limited) MBT 121 now phased out to be sold Ongoing procurements: Mineprotection for another 4 MBT122B 2 ARV120B Ammunition for training Replacement of halon Ongoing discussion: The need for an Armoured Bridge Layer based upon Leopard 2 chassies

24 Armoured Tracked Vehicles Armoured Tracked Vehicles is the designation for many different armoured combat vehicles in different configurations and versions They are used in many different roles (for example personell transport, command & control, repair, bridge laying, ambulance, others) A process for phasing out most of these vehicles has started Pbv 302 (vehicle family) 292 still in service (out of 650) 20 mm cannon being modified Pbv 401/4020 (MT-LB) 203 still in service (out of 520) Pbv 501 (BMP-1) 350 now phased out (to be sold) Brobv 971 (BLG 60) 12 still in service (out of 32) Bv 308/309 ( Bv 206S ) 93 still in service (Bv 308 for training Bv 309 for international missions) Discussions to initiate the procurment of a new light tracked vehicle

25 Armoured Wheeled Vehicles The armoured wheeled vehicles are mainly used as personell carriers but also for other role functions (for example ambulance, radio link, command) The vehicles are intended to be used mainly on roads The armoured wheeled vehicles: Pasi A-180 6x6 35 (Patgb 180 mainly used in international missions) Pasi A-202/203 6x6 170 (Patgb 202/203) Ongoing studies to adopt desert proven filter and to replace halon Ongoing conversion of 2 (or 6) A-203 into IEDD vehicles Piranha IC ASV/ACV 10x10 13 (Patgb 97 no longer part of operational forces) RG32M 4x4 260 (Ptgb 6 now being upgraded with Protector OWS) Ongoing study to upgrade with ADS

26 ARCHER Artilleri system 08 Project ARCHER development of next generation self-propelled artillery system In a development phase since autumn 2008 in a co-operation with Norway Agreement on Industrial Balance signed December 2009 Ongoing contract negotiations for series production (expected Q1 in 2010) The Swedish Armed Forces intends to set up ARCHER battalions ready for duty in 2011 with 24 vehicles

27 What about SEP? Background previous work Supreme Commander Decision Status of today

28 From technology & concept studies BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

29 using new AFV technologies Hybrid Electric Transmission De-coupled Running Gear Rubber Band Tracks Twin Engines E t c BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

30 to the modular SEP concept 3 modular building bricks : Bottom frame Crew module Mission module All vital systems allocated to the front BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

31 Different test rigs 1. Dr Special 2. Bench demo UK Mobile Rig Mine test BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

32 and different demonstrators 1. T1 (2000) 2. W1 (2003) T2 (2005) W2 (2006) BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

33 Centre frame or bottom frame? Crew module Mission module Bottom frame Centre frame

34 Air transportability in C130

35 SEP successfully proven with AMAP TM -ADS Demonstration in Karlsborg spring RPGs shot at the same aiming point AMAP TM -ADS from IBD evaluated in SE since 2002 Principles: Directed energy μs system (~500 kg) Hemispheric Detection < 10 m Interaction ~ 2 m Collateral damage < than w/o ADS Against KE & CE

36 Decision from the Supreme Commander A decision was announced 4 th of February 2008 not to continue the development of SEP The reasons were: Lack of money in the near time future Lack of an international partner for co-operation Still a need for armoured wheeled vehicles: A decision was taken that the procurement of armoured wheeled vehicles shall be done off the shelf in a competition Still a need for light tracked vehicles: A decision to come BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

37 SEP technologies Experiences from novel technologies in SEP will be taken care of FMV controls some of the IPR Digital vehicle architectures and electronics Electric transmissions and hybrid electric drives for combat vehicles Modularity with the main purpose to achieve flexibility and multi-role capability Man-machine-interface (MMI) Active defence systems Ballistic armour protection and mine protection Signature adaptation and stealth techniques Driving and situation awareness (fibre optics) Lt Col Julian Forsyth, SO1 DEC(DBE) BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

38 Continued AECV Activities The SEP development project at BAE Systems Hägglunds was ended 30 th of June Rickard O. Lindström Government funding was stopped BAE Systems Hägglunds has on their own behalf finalized the production of 4 preserie SEP tracked&wheeled vehicles First roll out 19 th of December 2008 (tracked) BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

39 SEP preserie tracked vehicle

40 SEP preserie 6x6 wheeled vehicle

41 Goodbye SEP? BG Anders Carell 3 rd 3of rd February of Head of of Land Systems Procurement Command

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43 Procurement of armoured combat vehicles Historic review Different procurement methods New strategy for defence materiel supply

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50 Different procurement methods CV 90 (development nationally) Leopard 2 ( off the shelf - competition) MT-LB, BMP-1, BLG-60 ( opportunity from former DDR ) A-202/203 ( bilaterally agreement procurement exchange ) Trucks from Scania ( budget regulator ) Bv 208 ( industrial support ) Piranha I 10x10 ( special interest ) Toyota patrol vehicles ( panic - UOR) Private cars ( general basic agreement ) ARCHER ( co-operation )

51 Swedish Armed Forces changed tasks No invasion threat Multifacitaded threat International engagement Immediate useable operational forces Civilan and military cooperation nationally and internationally Volume of tasks Defence for invasion Defence for insertion Invasionsförsvaret Territoriell International New threats integrity operations Width of missions

52 New accentuated principles for materiel supply Reduced long term commitments towards suppliers. More just in time buy for use, not storage! The following principles will apply for materiel supply: Maintenance and upgrading of existing materiel when economically and operationally feasible Acquisition of new materiel will primarily be directed towards on the market existing materiel off the shelf Development of materiel will only be considered if the desired materiel is not available on the world market

53 Strategy for Defence Materiel Supply The model for defence materiel procurement Consideration Adapted requirements for the shaping of units Adapted requirements on materiel Existing materiel in SwAF 1) In co-operation 2) Under national management Comparsion of alternatives Market opportunities 1) In co-operation 2) Under national management Development 1) In collaboration 2) National development The model shall facilitate the balance between the shaping of the armed forces units and the requirements on materiel The model shall also facilitate different opportunities to realize the materiel needs

54 Objective 2014 Combat Vehicles Plans for the future

55 Transformation into fewer AFV systems Strv 122 Pbv 401 (MT-LB) Strv 122 R Strv 121 Pbv 501 (BMP-1) Strf 9040 Strf 9040 R AMV (example) Patgb 202/203 Haubits 77B 15,5 cm ARCHER BvS 10 (example) Bv 309 (Bv 206 S)

56 Armoured Combat Vehicles Ongoing procurement update Armoured Wheeled Vehicle New Light Tracked Vehicle

57 AWV Armoured Wheeled Vehicle Background: Decision not to contiunue the development of SEP Still a need for armoured wheeled vehicles for 2 mechanized battalions IOC 2014; 113 vehicles (first battalion) 74 APC 10 APC/Company Command 7 Repair 4 Command & Control 18 Ambulance Timetable: RFI 13 th of June 2008 RFI-analysis (12 replies) RFQ 30 th of October 2008 Evaluation December 2008 (5 replies) Negotiations Jan May 2009 AMV Patria Vehicles VBCI - Nexter SEP BAE Hägglunds Piranha I GDLS Three contractors were chosen to supply vehicles for an extensive series of trials and negotiations during spring 2009: BAE with SEP 6x6 GDLS (Mowag) with Piranha IC Patria with AMV Boxer - ARTEC The following evaluation showed that the AMV from was the best alternative Especially the costs were in favour for Patria contract was signed 29 th of June

58 AWV Ongoing process However, on 3rd of July BAE Systems send in their formal submission of its objections and FMV had to freeze the procurement of AMVs from Patria FMV responsed to this 17th of July (with a rejection) This was followed by yet another three objections from BAE and three replies with rejections from FMV The 29 th of October the Country Administrative Court declared that the procurement process must be done once more time The verdict stated that FMV in general had conducted the procurement of armoured wheeled vehicles according to the Swedish public procurement law The Court had four complaints on FMV procurement, which were related to some parts of the content and handling of the complex procurement To guarantee delivery of armoured wheeled vehicles to the Swedish Armed Forces' in 2014, FMV took the decision to start a new procurement as soon as possible An RFQ was published 30 th of December with replies expected before 9 th of March A Contract Award is foreseen before the end of June 2010

59 New Light Tracked Armoured Vehicle There s a need for a new light tracked vehicle ~100 vehicles and IOC 2014 A procurement in competition foreseen RFQ Q Key User Requirements yet to be set: Bigger and with better performance than Bv 309 Different conceptual solutions to consider: Articulated steering (the big advantage is extreme mobility) Tracked steering An interesting analysis do be done: Costs vs effect vs freedom of action

60 Possible candidates Light tracked vehicle BvS10 Mk ATTC Bronco SEP tracked Total weight 14,6 ton 16 ton 17,5-23 ton Load Capability 2,6+3,4 = 6 ton 4,8 ton 6-11,5 ton Volume Capacity 12 m 3 (4+8 pers) >12 m 3 (4+8 pers) 13 m 3 (2+10 pers) Maximum speed 65 km/h 60 km/h 85 km/h (electric hybrid) Mobility (cross country) Very good Very good Good (rough terrain) Protection (with add-on-armour) KE: < STANAG 4 Mines: < STANAG 2a/2b KE: < STANAG 4 Mines: < STANAG 2a/2b KE: < STANAG 5+ Mines: < STANAG 4a/4b+ Others Articulated steering Articulated steering Changeable rolemodule C130 transportability C130 transportability C130 transportability

61 Summary Swedish declaration of solidarity We have a new alignment policy Transformation into a new defence - with a substantially strengthened defence capability A functional, available and flexible defence New accentuated principles for materiel supply Extended use of existing materiel and market opportunities Filling the capability gaps with new wheeled and tracked armoured fighting vehicles A challange to find the right balance between costs, performance and freedom of action

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