LIFETIME BATTERY SOLUTIONS. Cost Savings Superior Performance Smart Design

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Darlene Martin
5 years ago
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1 LIFETIME BATTERY SOLUTIONS Cost Savings Superior Performance Smart Design

3 Zenaji Pty Ltd are an Australian company specialising in the research and development of battery storage systems for use with solar installations. With years of research, testing and experience, here at Zenaji we have developed a battery system which is different to any other on the market. The advanced Zenaji Aeon Battery is designed for superior performance to last a lifetime. Zenaji works with a variety of battery companies to ensure we are at the leading edge of product development. With a wide range of applications for Zenaji technology, our future looks very bright.

Zenaji Technology The most suitable battery chemistry for solar or wind storage today is LTO (Lithium Titanate).

These batteries, are very energy dense and light, and therefore suited for use in mobile devices such as phones and cars but are not suited to use for long term larger scale power

In fact, they will need replacing before they have paid for themselves.

In addition LTO is safer, can be deep discharged and has a much better temperature tolerance.

Over the last three years, we have worked with LTO battery manufacturers and they have achieved remarkable results in both increasing energy density and reducing costs.

4 Zenaji Technology The most suitable battery chemistry for solar or wind storage today is LTO (Lithium Titanate). Commonly however LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) and NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) chemistries have been used. These batteries, are very energy dense and light, and therefore suited for use in mobile devices such as phones and cars but are not suited to use for long term larger scale power storage required for solar or wind installations. This is because they have a very limited lifespan and cannot be cycled often enough to make them economically viable. In fact, they will need replacing before they have paid for themselves. Lithium Titanate batteries can be cycled at least 6 times as often and have a life span many times that of LFP and NMC batteries. In addition LTO is safer, can be deep discharged and has a much better temperature tolerance. LTO does have two issues, it is not as energy dense as NMC & LFP batteries and is not manufactured in as great a quantity, so the initial cost is higher. Over the last three years, we have worked with LTO battery manufacturers and they have achieved remarkable results in both increasing energy density and reducing costs. We have selected the best solution for energy storage and engineered a vastly superior battery design that is not only simple to install, maintain and upgrade but more importantly, spans a lifetime of over 20 years standard use and delivers a domestic battery that makes economic sense. -60 Lithium Titanate Profile Source: Boston Consulting Group Temperature C Zenaji - LTO Lead Acid Lithium ion Lifespan years 1 Cycle/day 2 Cycles/day Lithium ion Lead Acid Zenaji - LTO Lithium ion Lead Acid Zenaji - LTO Lifetime MWh output per kwh Zenaji - LTO Lead Acid Lithium ion pg. 4 Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Applications & Markets In addition to the Aeon battery for domestic energy storage, we have identified a number of markets that could effectively leverage the benefits of LTO battery technology and

Utility scale & Microgrid energy storage With a high cycle life, high C-rate and 100% DOD (Depoth of Discharge) LTO battery technology is highly suited to cycling mutliple times per day at a high

High Use & Large Electric Vehicles High use and large vehicles, such as buses and heavy duty vehicles used for mining require a power system that is quick to charge and can handle the constant,

The nature and stability of LTO batteries allows them to be used harshly without suffering the additional loss to cycle life or performance that other chemistries would suffer under similar

5 Applications & Markets In addition to the Aeon battery for domestic energy storage, we have identified a number of markets that could effectively leverage the benefits of LTO battery technology and the technologies researched and developed at Zenaji. Utility scale & Microgrid energy storage With a high cycle life, high C-rate and 100% DOD (Depoth of Discharge) LTO battery technology is highly suited to cycling mutliple times per day at a high rate to store and release energy generated by Renewable energy to provide a stable, consistent power supply for Utility and Micr-Grid scale systems. High Use & Large Electric Vehicles High use and large vehicles, such as buses and heavy duty vehicles used for mining require a power system that is quick to charge and can handle the constant, intense load required day-in, day-out. The nature and stability of LTO batteries allows them to be used harshly without suffering the additional loss to cycle life or performance that other chemistries would suffer under similar conditions. Large scale Submarine Battery Storage Submarines require batteries for auxilliary power and silent operation. Currently Lead Acid batteries are used but they have a low energy density, require replacing frequently and emit gas. While other Lithium ion chemistries such as NMC and LiPo have a high energy density and power output they are too fragile & dangerous for use in a high risk environment where safety is paramount. The LTO batteries Zenaji use emit no gas, have high power and energy density and are the safest and most stable battery on the market. Caravan and Camping There is an ever increasing demand for batteries in the caravan and campling markets, for use from charging phones to powering full kitchen systems. These markets have the difficulty of infrequent use, which currently causes the most popular batteries, Lead Acid, to die very quickly if not constantly monitored and charged. LTO batteries have a very long shelf life and a high tolerance for low discharge, making them suitable for markets with long periods between use. 4 Wheel Drive and Marine The 4 Wheel Drive and Marnine hobby markets are continually on the lookout for products that provide a performance boost that is simple and effective. LTO provides a simple, long term solution with high performance for the rigourous use batteries recieve in these environments. Off-grid small scale power systems Small off-grid systems such as 24/7 pumping systems and rural homes require battery storage to provide a dependable power supply. Zenaji s Aeon battery perfectly placed to take advantage of this market using all the benefits of LTO Technology to supplement solar, wind or conventional generator systems. Forklift batteries Forklifts are used vigourously throughout the day but currently have a large down time due to the time to charge Lead Acid batteries, often requiring several hours to reach full capacity. LTO cells reduce this down time to a single hour, with the added benefit of a larger capacity, meaning a longer time of use between charges. Zenaji Brochure pg. 5

Lithium Titanate LTO (Lithium Titanate) batteries offer the greatest attributes for energy storage of any cell chemistry on the market.

Companies including Lechlanché, Toshiba and YABO have developed LTO cells for use in energy storage and other companies, including Mitsubishi and Honda use LTO in their vehicles.

Zenaji batteries use LTO cells from an advanced manufacturing group who are continually improving upon their design to keep their cells on the cutting edge of LTO technology.

6 Lithium Titanate LTO (Lithium Titanate) batteries offer the greatest attributes for energy storage of any cell chemistry on the market. It is a mature technology with many companies using LTO batteries in their products due to it s high lifespan, safety and quick charge capabilities. Companies including Lechlanché, Toshiba and YABO have developed LTO cells for use in energy storage and other companies, including Mitsubishi and Honda use LTO in their vehicles. Seiko, who previously used capacitors in their wristwatches now use LTO batteries due to the increased energy storage and lifespan offered by the technology. Zenaji batteries use LTO cells from an advanced manufacturing group who are continually improving upon their design to keep their cells on the cutting edge of LTO technology. Testing here at Zenaji has confirmed these reports and have conducted their own tests to optimise the cells for use in energy storage. Cycle Life of Captured Energy LTO cells at Room Temperature Many reports and peer reviewed articles are published showing the advantages and applications of LTO technology. In particular reports and tests by the UC Davis Institute of Transportation Studies and the Georgia Research Tech Institute demostrate the high cycling ability, thermal performance and suitability of LTO for extreme conditions. Results from manufacturer tests showing the high performance of their LTO cells over a wide temperature range -50 C to +60 C pg. 6 Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

Research & Testing The LTO cells used in Zenaji Systems have been extensively tested over a wide range of variables to confirm performance and safety.

7 Research & Testing The LTO cells used in Zenaji Systems have been extensively tested over a wide range of variables to confirm performance and safety. Cell Performance Tests Cycle life tests by manufacturer, cycled with a 100% DOD at 2C for 22,500 cycles to 92% capacity retention High Temperature tests at 55 C and 65 C High charge and discharge rate tests at 6C (240A) for capacity performance Low Temperature charge and discharge tests at -20 and -40 C Optimisation tests Zenaji Pty Ltd has performed tests to confirm specifications, optimise the battery design, lifespan and to increase affordability and safety. Cell balancing in series over multiple voltage ranges Battery Management System tests to increase battery performance and life C-rate performance Round trip efficiency tests Reliability & Safety Tests A number of reliability and safety tests have been conducted with no explosion, fire or electrolyte leakage resulting. Over Discharge tests Over Charge tests Short circuit tests Dropping from 1.5m Heat tests up to 130 C Temperature cycling stress tests cycling from -40 to 85 C Crush tests of 200kN Puncture tests with 3mm diameter nail Salt water immersion Low pressure test at 11.6kPa for 6 hours Continuous Testing Zenaji continues testing for a range of specifications. Current testing over varying temperatures has shown a negligable loss of cell capacity over 800 cycles. Testing continues to confirm cell lifespan over a real world analog. Zenaji lifecycle testing with variable temperature 9 C-23 C Efficiency (µ) Energy (Wh) Cycles Charge Capacity Discharge Capacity Efficiency (µ) 10 per. Mov. Avg. (Charge Capacity) 10 per. Mov. Avg. (Discharge Capacity) 10 per. Mov. Avg. (Efficiency (µ)) Zenaji Brochure pg. 7

8 Zenaji Aeon Battery Zenaji s first product, the Aeon Battery is a leap forward in battery storage. Zenaji Aeon batteries offer the most robust, safest, longest life and most cost effective solution available in the world today. The Aeon Battery is designed for use in domestic and commercial solar and stand-alone energy storage installations. We have developed manufacturing processes and a Battery Management System (BMS) which optimizes the LTO cells, simplifies the battery design and reduces the circuitry required for effective cell management. With a 22,000 cycle life and high maximum continuous charge rate Zenaji Aeon Batteries take full advantage of solar & wind energy. Low cost utility energy used Excess solar energy used The average home has peak usage in the morning and evening. By cycling twice per day the Aeon Battery allows use of all available solar energy to provide stable power supply throughout the entire day. No other battery on the market has the cycling ability, performance, life span and high safety of Zenaji Aen Batteries, making them a sound economic investment. Utilization of energy storage over daily peak energy use times Lithium ion NMC/LFP Can t use full installed capacity Zenaji Lithium Titanate Use 100% of installed capacity -20 C to 50 C -40 C to 60 C Max continuous power of 0.5C max continuous power of 6C 2,000-5,000 cycles 22,000 cycle life <60% capacity after 5,000 cycles 95% capacity after 5,000 cycles 1 cycle per day 3+ cycles per day 5-10 year lifespan 20+ year lifespan Requires replacement over lifespan of solar installation Designed for automotive/mobile storage No replacement needed over solar installation lifespan Designed for solar/wind storage $0.19 lifetime cost per kwh less than $0.10 lifetime cost per kwh pg. 8 Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

9 Zenaji Aeon Battery Specifications Technical Specifications Aeon Battery Nominal Capacity Chemistry Dimensions (Height x Width x Depth) 1.93KWh (40Ah) Lithium Titanate (LTO) 1600 x 155 x 145 mm Nominal Voltage 48.3V Charge Cutoff Voltage 55.65V Discharge Cutoff Voltage Mass Max Continuous Charge /Discharge Current (25 C ± 5 C) Max Pulse Charge/Discharge Current (10s, 25 C ± 5 C) Battery Management System Isolation & Distribution Block Requirement Operating Temperature 42V 33kg 50A (1.25C) 120A (3C) internal battery balancing and overcurrent protection 50A per battery connected in parallel -40 C to 60 C (recommended -5 C to 35 C) Storage Temperature -5 C to 35 C Cycle Life (1C, 25 C ± 5 C) 22,000 Depth of Discharge 100% Round Trip Efficiency (1C, 25 C ± 5 C) 96% Ingress Rating Installation Connections Warranty IP65 Indoors or outdoors 8 AWG (Ø3mm) wire per pole 20 Years or 22,000 cycles Recommended Charger Inverters (AC Couple) SMA SUNNY ISLAND 3.0M / 4.4M / 6.0H / 8.0H Selectronics SPMC481-AU / SPMC482-AU Victron Skylla-TG Charger Recommended Hybrid Inverters (DC Couple) IMEON 3.6 / 9.12 Victron EasySolar 48 Sungrow SH3K6 / SH4K6 / SH5K-20 / SH5K+ Zenaji Brochure pg. 9

Zenaji Team Charles van Dongen Head of Engineering Charles has over 15 patents and 39 years of experience in power generation and distribution, power supplies, LED lighting and sound technology.

10 Zenaji Team Charles van Dongen Head of Engineering Charles has over 15 patents and 39 years of experience in power generation and distribution, power supplies, LED lighting and sound technology. Glen Palmer Sales & Marketing Glen is experienced in all facets of product design and development that has seen him win a number of design awards and achieve business success. Dawson Johns Sales & Marketing Dawson has owned and operated successful technical companies for over 30 years. He has sold and licensed products and technologies domestically and internationally. Max van Dongen Physicist/Mechanical Engineer Christopher Coller Product Design Engineer David Alexandrou Senior Electrical/ Electronic Engineer Kali Wong Electrical/Electronic Engineer John Di Paolo Accounts Lindsay Champion IP & Legal Management pg. 10 Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

11 Contact Us To become a partner or find out more about Zenaji Energy Storage Systems please contact us or visit our website Shearson Cres, Mentone, Victoria 3194 info@zenaji.com

12 2018 Captured Energy Green Solutions, INC. All Rights reserved All product, service and technical data described subject to change without notice Zenaji Brochure V1.6 2/10/18 pg. 12 Zenaji Australia Pty Ltd

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