MYRRHA, A FLEXIBLE FAST SPECTRUM IRRADIATION FACILITY Current status of design

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1 MYRRHA, A FLEXIBLE FAST SPECTRUM IRRADIATION FACILITY Current status of design Peter Baeten, Rafaël Fernandez, Didier De Bruyn, Gert Van den Eynde, Paul Leysen, Hamid Aït Abderrahim, Diego Castelliti SCK CEN Copyright 2011 SCK CEN IAEA, Vienna, December 2011

2 MYRRHA - Accelerator Driven System Accelerator (600 MeV - 4 ma proton) Reactor Subcritical mode 65 MWth Critical mode 80 MWth Spallation Source Multipurpose Flexible Irradiation Facility Fast Neutron Source Lead-Bismuth coolant

3 MYRRHA to replace current BR BR2 Material Testing Reactor (fission) Fuel testing for LWR & GEN II/GEN III Irradiation Services: - Medical RI - Silicium Doping - Others 2023 MYRRHA Fast Neutron Material Testing Reactor (fission + fusion) ADS-Demo + P&T Testing (Partitioning & Transmutation) Irradiation Services: - Medical RI - Silicium Doping - Others Fuel testing for LFT GEN IV LFR European Technology Pilot Plant (ETPP) 3 SCK CEN

4 Multipurpose facility Fuel research Φ Material research tot = 0.5 to n/cm².s Φ Fast = 1 to n/cm².s (En>1 MeV) in large volumes Fission GEN IV Fusion Φ = 1 to n/cm².s (ppm He/dpa ~ 10) in medium-large volumes 50 to 100 MWth Φ Fast = ~10 15 n/cm².s (En>0.75 MeV) Waste Multipurpose hybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications Fundamental research High energy LINAC 600 MeV 1 GeV Long irradiation time Φ th = 0.5 to n/cm².s (En<0.4 ev) Radioisotopes Silicon doping Φ th = 0.1 to n/cm².s (En<0.4 ev)

5 Europe and future nuclear energy ESFRI European Strategic Forum for Research Infrastructure Knowledge Economy Energy Independence SET Plan European Strategic Energy Plan

6 MYRRHA part of ESNII (European Sustainable Nuclear Industry Initiative) SFR Reference technology ASTRID Prototype (SFR) LFR Alternative technology MYRRHA ETPP European demonstration reactor (LFR) GFR Supporting infrastructures, research facilities MYRRHA Fast spectrum irradiation facility ALLEGRO Experimental reactor (GFR) 6 SCK CEN

7 MYRRHA actual status 40 % financing commitment high priority project on ESFRI roadmap major RI for GEN IV

8 The project schedule Front End Engineering Design 2015 Tendering & Procurement Construction of components & civil engineering 2019 On site assembly Commissioning 2023 Progressive start-up Full exploitation Minimise technological risks Secure the licensing Secure a sound management and investment structure PDP preliminary dismantling plan Central Project Team PSAR preliminary safety assesment Owner Consortium Group EIAR environmental impact assesment Owner Engineering Team FEED (Front End Engineering Design) SCK CEN

9 INVESTMENT PHASE International Members Consortium Phase 1 Primary «investors» Belgian Federal Ministry of Energy (50%) Belgian Federal Ministry of Science Policy (50%) Participation vehicle (Consortium members) SCK CEN (on behalf of Belgian Federal Government) Contribution to investment capital (960 M 09) 40 % «ERIC» (*) BE IPR management rules tbd Major European partners EU country Public foundation % EU countries A major Asian partner Asian country 15 ~ 20 % Asian country EU FP7 (RTD) / SET-Plan (Energy) EU participation 2-10 % EU Rest Of World ROW participation 0-10 % Rest Of World (*) European Research Infrastructure Consortium

10 Belgian commitment: 40% secured International consortium: under construction 2nd phase (11 y) others 576 M Consortium Belgium 60 M (12 M /y x 5 y) Belgium 324 M (36 M /y x 9 y)

11 Joining the MYRRHA project Belgium is welcoming international participation in the MYRRHA consortium Membership eligibility for the international MYRRHA consortium is based on a balanced in-cash/in-kind contribution Until end 2014, our objectives are: to collect Letters of Intent for participation in the MYRRHA International Consortium (deadline mid 2012) to sign Memoranda of Understanding for collaboration in MYRRHA with international partners (deadline mid 2014) To finalise the Consortium legal framework (deadline end 2014)

12 MYRRHA design parameters General design parameters Core external diameter Core height / FA length Fuelled length Vessel diameter (ID) Vessel cover thickness Vessel length Nominal Core Power MYRRHA 1450mm 2000mm 600mm 7600mm 2000mm 11000mm 100MWth Core inlet temperature 270 C Core average outlet temperature 410 C Pump mass flow Coolant velocity in core Coolant pressure drop 4750kg/s 2m/s 2.5bar Secondary coolant water/steam x = 0,1 0,3 Tertiary coolant Air SCK CEN

13 Reactor layout Updated design

14 Core and fuel 151 positions Diameter: 1450mm 37 multifunctional plugs Spallation target IPS Fuel Assemblies

15 In-vessel fuel handling machine (IFHVM) In-vessel spent fuel storage

16 Spallation target window Produces about neutrons/s at the reactor mid-plane to feed subcritical keff=0.95 Fits into a central hole in core Compact target Remove produced heat Accepts megawatt proton beam 600 MeV, 3.5 ma ~2.1 MW heat Cooling of window is feasible Material challenges Preferential working temperature: C Service life of at least 3 full power months (1 cycle) is achievable

17 Cooling systems All major cooling systems have been identified A solution has been found to design cooling systems in such a way: that work both in active and full passive way that can cope with the nominal capacity (100 MW) and in passive decay heat capacity (6 MW) without upsetting the secondary system Secondary and tertiary systems are already to the level of full mass- and thermal balances and Process- and Instrument Diagrams All equipment has been positioned so as to withstand plane crashes and terrorist attacks 17 SCK CEN

18 Cooling systems Tertiary system: Air Condenser 55MW PHX 27.5MW PHX 27.5MW Primary system: LBE Secondary system: Saturated water/steam

19 Decay heat removal (DHR) through secondary loops 4 independent loops redundancy (each loop has 50% to 100% capability) passive operation (natural convection in primary, secondary and tertiary loop) Ultimate DHR through RVCS (natural convection) Cooling systems

20 Buildings Major buildings are: Reactor building Spent fuel building Accelerator front end building comprizing ion source, RFQ and LEBT Accelerator tunnel (below surface) RF building Beam dump building All logistic flows are defined and related lifting equipment dimensioned 20 SCK CEN

21 Building layout and reactor hall the reactor building -17m

22 22 SCK CEN

23 MYRRHA: an international project

24 MYRRHA: EXPERIMENTAL ACCELERATOR DRIVEN SYSTEM A pan-european, innovative and unique facility Time horizon: full operation ~ 2024 Costs: ~ EUR 960 million 24 SCK CEN

25 R&D program in support of MYRRHA [1/2] Several R&D required for MYRRHA components: LBE corrosion O2 control in LBE Irradiated material properties Experimental facilities foreseen in the near future in support of MYRRHA at SCK CEN premacies: E-SCAPE: Thermal-hydraulic pool facility with 1:6 scale ratio with MYRRHA Liliputter: Pump test loop COMPLOT: Isothermal hydraulic loop representing one fuel channel/ips at full high PHX mock-up testing concept, fouling, flow-induced vibrations, (SGTR) 25 SCK CEN

26 R&D program in support of MYRRHA [2/2] Experimental facilities foreseen in the near future in support of MYRRHA at SCK CEN premacies (continued): Safety/control rod Fuel bundle Target window Component test pool Fuel loader Robotic arm All experiments planned to be finished before SCK CEN

27 GUINEVERE Generator of UnInterrupted NEutrons at the VEnus Reactor (GUINEVERE), inaugurated in March 2010 Zero power reactor to test neutronic aspects of a heavy metal coolant and to prove the feasibility of the ADS concept First sub-critical reactor (fast subcritical lead multiplying system) coupled with a proton beam accellerator (October 2011, world première) Main objectives of the coupling experiment: Qualification of sub-criticality monitoring Validation of the core power - beam current relationship Start-up and shut-down procedures instrumentation validation and specific dedicated experimentation Interpretation and validation of experimental data, benchmarking and code validation activities Safety and licensing issues of different component parts as well as that of the integrated system as a whole Identify licensing aspects for a full-scale ADS 27 SCK CEN

28 GUINEVERE working principle D + source 250 kv acc. D +, D 2+, D bending magnet D + GENEPI-3C pulsed neutron source or continuous with possible beam interruptions Ti-T target T(d,n) 4 He reactions for 14 MeV source neutrons VENUS-F fast subcritical reactor with solid lead coolant simulation

29 LEADER Lead-cooled European Advanced Demonstrator Reactor (LEADER) project ALFRED (Generation IV lead fast reactor) analyzed as successor of ELSY Several common points between MYRRHA and ALFRED several official collaborations between CDT and LEADER projects SCK CEN: Work Package 1 leader: Reference Design Objectives and Specifications Task 3.3 leader: Primary system conceptual design of the ETDR (fully representative scaled down prototype of the LFR) 29 SCK CEN

30 Gas Cooled Fast Reactor (GCFR) In the framework of IAEA-INPRO, SCK CEN joined Collaborative Project "Performance Assessment of Passive Gaseous Provisions PGAP Activities: Loss Of Flow Accident (LOFA), deterministic and probabilistic safety analysis Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA), deterministic analysis Main purpose: to study and test a methodology for the analysis of passive systems and their reliability to be applied to MYRRHA 30 SCK CEN

31 Copyright notice Copyright SCKCEN All property rights and copyright are reserved. Any communication or reproduction of this document, and any communication or use of its content without explicit authorization is prohibited. Any infringement to this rule is illegal and entitles to claim damages from the infringer, without prejudice to any other right in case of granting a patent or registration in the field of intellectual property. SCK CEN Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie Centre d'etude de l'energie Nucléaire Stichting van Openbaar Nut Fondation d'utilité Publique Foundation of Public Utility Registered Office: Avenue Herrmann-Debrouxlaan 40 BE-1160 BRUSSEL Operational Office: Boeretang 200 BE-2400 MOL 31 SCK CEN