QATAR PROJECT LIST TABLE 4 PRINCIPAL GTL PLANTS AROUND THE WORLD HISTORY OF THE GTL INDUSTRY FIGURE 1 GTL PRODUCTION OPTIONS,

Transcription

1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION... 1 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES... 1 REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY... 2 INTENDED AUDIENCE... 3 SCOPE OF REPORT... 3 INFORMATION SOURCES... 4 ANALYST CREDENTIALS... 4 RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS... 5 BCC ON-LINE SERVICES... 5 DISCLAIMER... 6 CHAPTER TWO: SUMMARY... 7 MAJOR FINDINGS... 7 KEY FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY... 8 KEY FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY (CONTINUED)... 9 SUMMARY TABLE MARKET VALUE FORECAST OF PRODUCTS PRODUCED VIA GTL WITH COMPARISONS TO CTL AND BTL, THROUGH 2017 ($ BILLIONS) SUMMARY FIGURE MARKET VALUE FORECAST OF PRODUCTS PRODUCED VIA GTL WITH COMPARISONS TO CTL AND BTL, ($ BILLIONS) CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW NATURAL GAS AND GTL IN THE TRANSPORTATION SECTOR MAGNITUDE AND LOCATION OF STRANDED GAS TABLE 1 DISTRIBUTION OF WORLD STRANDED NATURAL GAS RESOURCES BY REGION, 2012 (% DISTRIBUTION) TABLE 2 ESTIMATED VOLUMES OF FLARED GAS FROM SATELLITE DATA, (VOLUMES IN BCM) INVESTMENT SITUATION CARBON REGULATIONS AND GTL MARKET PROSPECTS FACTORS DRIVING ADOPTION OF GTL PROCESSES OVERVIEW OF RECENT ACTIVITY TABLE 3 KEY EXAMPLES OF GTL DEMONSTRATION PLANTS OFFSHORE GTL AT PETROBRAS REFINERY SASOL RENTECH SYNTROLEUM CORPORATION MODEC WORLD GTL BHP BILLITON EXXON MOBIL SHELL QATAR AND EGYPT: MAJOR FOCUS FOR GTL PROJECTS... 23

2 QATAR PROJECT LIST TABLE 4 PRINCIPAL GTL PLANTS AROUND THE WORLD HISTORY OF THE GTL INDUSTRY FIGURE 1 GTL PRODUCTION OPTIONS, TRANSPORTATION FUELS, AND CHEMICALS TABLE 5 CURRENT WORLD COMMERCIAL SYNFUEL CAPACITY (BBL/D) TABLE 6 COMPARATIVE MERITS AND DRAWBACKS OF FT SHELL SMDS Shell SMDS (Continued) SASOL GTL PROCESSES Sasol GTL Processes (Continued) SASOL CTL PLANTS STATOIL AND PETROSA RENTECH Rentech (Continued) EXXON MOBIL S ADVANCED GAS CONVERSION SYNTROLEUM CORPORATION Syntroleum Corporation (Continued) BP PILOT PLANT IN ALASKA CHOREN INDUSTRIES SYNTHETIC FUELS INTERNATIONAL CANMETENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER CETC SUPERCETANE TECHNOLOGY Canmetenergy Technology Center (Continued) Canmetenergy Technology Center (Continued) COMPACTGTL CompactGTL (Continued) LNG MARKETS AND CTL LNG MARKETS AND CTL (CONTINUED) COAL TO LIQUIDS SRI INTERNATIONAL ALTERNATIVE TO FISCHER- TROPSCH NATIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY STUDY BAARD ENERGY CTL PLANT TABLE 7 OPERATING AND PLANNED LARGE COAL GASIFICATION/ CTL PLANTS STATUS, AS OF TABLE 7 (CONTINUED) TABLE 7 (CONTINUED) TABLE 7 (CONTINUED) GTL TECHNOLOGIES INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTION COSTS... 54

3 GTL PLANT SCALES GTL Plant Scales (Continued) GTL Plant Scales (Continued) GTL OUTPUTS GTL Outputs (Continued) REFORMING Adiabatic Prereforming Tubular Reforming Advanced Reforming Sulfur-Passivated Reforming Catalytic Partial Oxidation Two-Step Reforming Heat Exchange Reforming Catalyst Developments HYDROGEN SHIFT CONVERSION AND METHANATION SHIFT CONVERSION METHANATION CHAPTER FOUR: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE DEVELOPMENTS TIER 1 LARGE DEVELOPERS / PATENT HOLDERS BHP BILLITON BP CHEVRON CORP CONOCOPHILLIPS CO EXXON MOBIL CORP GTL.F1 AG IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES IVANHOE ENERGY LINC ENERGY LTD MARATHON OIL CORP METHANEX CORP PETROSA RENTECH INC REPSOL ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC SASOL CHEVRON SASOL SYNTHETIC FUELS INTERNATIONAL STATOIL SYNTROLEUM CORP TOTAL Total (Continued) TIER 2 COMPONENT AND ENGINEERING SERVICES SUPPLIERS ABB LUMMUS GLOBAL GMBH... 84

4 AIR LIQUIDE GROUP AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS INC AMEC PROCESS AND ENERGY LTD AXENS BASF CORP BLACK & VEATCH HOLDING CO CHICAGO BRIDGE & IRON CO Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. (Continued) CRYOMECH INC DELTA HUDSON ENGINEERING LTD DESCON ENGINEERING CO. INC DOW CHEMICAL CO ELTRON RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT INC FLUOR CORP FMC TECHNOLOGIES FOSTER WHEELER CORP HALDOR TOPSØE A/S INTEGRATED CONCEPTS AND RESEARCH CORPORATION JAPAN OIL, GAS, AND METALS NATIONAL CORPORATION JOHNSON MATTHEY CATALYSTS KINETICS TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL CORP. INC THE LINDE GROUP LURGI AG MITSUI OCEAN DEVELOPMENT & ENGINEERING CO. LTD NIPPON STEEL CORP OXFORD CATALYSTS Oxford Catalysts (Continued) PALL CORP PRAXAIR INC SIEMENS AG STORK BV SYNTHETIC FUELS INTERNATIONAL INC TECHNIP UOP LLC UOP LLC (Continued) TIER 3 DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANIES ACCELERGY CORPORATION ANELLOTECH INC BAARD ENERGY LLC BLUEFIRE RENEWABLES INC CARBON SCIENCES INC COMPACTGTL PLC CompactGTL PLC

5 GAS REACTION TECHNOLOGIES INC HYDROGENICS CORP PRIMUS GREEN ENERGY SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES INC SYNTHESIS ENERGY SYSTEMS INC THERMOCHEM RECOVERY INTERNATIONAL VIRENT WORLD GTL SCIENTIFIC, GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONS ADVANCED MANUFACTURING OFFICE ALASKA NATURAL RESOURCES TO LIQUIDS LLC ALLIANCE FOR SYNTHETIC FUELS IN EUROPE ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY CANMETENERGY TECHNOLOGY CENTER IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY INSTITUT FRANÇAIS DU PÉTROLE LEHIGH UNIVERSITY NATIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY OFFICE OF FOSSIL ENERGY UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY CHAPTER FIVE: GTL PRODUCT DEMAND FORECASTS PRODUCT OVERVIEW TABLE 8 MARKET VALUE FORECAST OF PRODUCTS PRODUCED VIA GTL WITH COMPARISONS TO CTL AND BTL, THROUGH 2017 ($ BILLIONS) TOTAL UNCONVENTIONAL FUELS MARKET TABLE 9 PROJECTED WORLD UNCONVENTIONAL LIQUID FUELS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 (MBBL/D) FT GTL FUEL DEMAND BY PRODUCT TYPE DIESEL GASOLINE OTHER GTL PRODUCTS TABLE 10 PROJECTED MARKET VALUE OF FT GTL TRANSPORTATION FUELS BY PRODUCT TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ BILLIONS) FT GTL CHEMICALS DEMAND BY PRODUCT TYPE TABLE 11 PROJECTED MARKET VALUE OF FT GTL CHEMICALS BY PRODUCT, THROUGH 2017 ($ BILLIONS) GTL CHEMICALS PROCESSING THE METHANOL MARKET METHANOL-TO-GASOLINE PROCESS

6 Methanol-to-Gasoline (Continued) GTL PRODUCTS WAXES GTL PRODUCTS WAXES (CONTINUED) GTL PRODUCTS WAXES (CONTINUED) FUELS THAT WILL COMPETE WITH GTL GTL COMPETITORS GROWING GLOBAL LNG DEMAND CHANGING LNG PROJECT ECONOMICS WORLDWIDE DEMAND FOR NATURAL GAS RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES EFFECT ON SUPPLY FOR GTL PLANTS COAL-TO-LIQUIDS COAL-TO-LIQUIDS (CONTINUED) COAL-TO-LIQUIDS (CONTINUED) FIGURE 2 FLOW CHART: TWO APPROACHES TO PRODUCING LIQUID FUELS FROM COALS CTL PROJECT ECONOMICS BIOMASS-TO-LIQUIDS DEVELOPMENTS OVERVIEW TABLE 12 COMMERCIAL BIOMASS-BASED GASIFICATION PLANTS, TABLE 12 (CONTINUED) PETROCHEMICALS FROM BIOMASS BTL GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY BIOFUELS AND RENEWABLE BIOFUELS ETHANOL BIODIESEL OTHER SYNTHETIC CRUDE OILS OIL SANDS EXTRA-HEAVY OIL SHALE OIL Shale Oil (Continued) CHAPTER SIX: REGULATORY DRIVERS THE MACRO ENVIRONMENT EARLY SYNTHETIC FUEL LEGISLATION EARLY SYNTHETIC FUEL LEGISLATION (CONTINUED) TO 2012 DEVELOPMENTS AND TAX INCENTIVES TO 2012 DEVELOPMENTS (CONTINUED) GHGS WILL BECOME A PRIORITY IN LAW AND REGULATION STATE INITIATIVES RELATIVE TO FUELS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FUEL STANDARDS ARE DRIVING THE ADOPTION OF GTL EARLIER INITIATIVES EARLIER INITIATIVES (CONTINUED)

7 GOVERNMENT FUNDING FOR GTL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT GOVERNMENT FUNDING FOR GTL (CONTINUED) SNYGAS RESEARCH FUNDING VIA THE HYDROGEN FUEL INITIATIVE SNYGAS RESEARCH FUNDING (CONTINUED) CHAPTER SEVEN: RECENT SIGNIFICANT PATENT ACTIVITY OVERVIEW TABLE 13 COMPANIES ASSIGNED MULTIPLE U.S. PATENTS RELATING TO GTL PRODUCTION DURING THE PERIOD (NUMBER) NOTEWORTHY PATENTS ISOLATION AND SUBSEQUENT UTILIZATION OF SATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND ALPHA-OLEFINS IN THE PRODUCTION OF ESTER-BASED BIOLUBRICANTS PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYBRID CATALYSTS FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS AND HYBRID CATALYST PRODUCED ACCORDING TO SAID PROCESS SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS CATALYSTS FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS ON COBALT/ PHOSPHORUS-ALUMINUM OXIDE AND PREPARATION METHODS THEREOF COBALT-BASED CATALYST FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS BUBBLE COLUMN-TYPE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS SLURRY BED REACTION SYSTEM FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST LOW-PRESSURE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS ACID TREATMENT OF A FISCHER-TROPSCH DERIVED HYDROCARBON STREAM PROCESS FOR CONVERTING GASEOUS ALKANES TO OLEFINS AND LIQUID HYDROCARBONS PROCESS FOR THE PURIFICATION OF AN AQUEOUS STREAM COMING FROM THE FISCHER-TROPSCH REACTION PROCESS FOR STABILIZING THE PERFORMANCES OF A CATALYST FOR FISCHER TROPSCH REACTION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGENERATING AN IRON-BASED FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST FISCHER-TROPSCH WAX COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF TRANSPORT

8 PRODUCTION OF LOW SULFUR, MODERATELY AROMATIC DISTILLATE FUELS BY HYDROCRACKING OF COMBINED FISCHER-TROPSCH AND PETROLEUM STREAMS ZEOLITE SUPPORTED COBALT HYBRID FISCHER- TROPSCH CATALYST MICRO SCALE FISCHER-TROPSCH AND OXYGENATE SYNTHESIS PROCESS STARTUP UNIT DEVICE FOR PRODUCING LIQUID HYDROCARBONS BY FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS IN A THREE-PHASE BED REACTOR ELECTROMECHANICAL FILTER FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE LUBRICATING PROPERTIES OF BASE OILS USING A FISCHER- TROPSCH DERIVED BOTTOMS APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA AND FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS METHOD TO TRANSFORM BULK MATERIAL FINISHED LUBRICANT WITH IMPROVED RUST INHIBITION MADE USING FISCHER-TROPSCH BASE OIL FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST PROCESS FOR MAKING FISCHER-TROPSCH OLEFINIC NAPHTHA AND HYDROGENATED DISTILLATES PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM NATURAL GAS FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS AND REACTOR ASSEMBLY PROCESS TO BLEND A MINERAL AND A FISCHER- TROPSCH DERIVED PRODUCT ONBOARD A MARINE VESSEL APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AMMONIA AND FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS MULTI STAGE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS PROCESS TO PREPARE A FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCT FISCHER-TROPSCH DERIVED TURBINE FUEL AND PROCESS FOR MAKING SAME FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PROCESS WITH IMPROVED REGULATION INTERNAL EXCHANGER FOR GAS-LIQUID-SOLID REACTOR FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PROCESS TO PREPARE A FISCHER-TROPSCH PRODUCT FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS INCORPORATING PROMOTER FOR INCREASING YIELDS OF C5

9 HYDROCARBONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME DUAL CATALYST SYSTEM FOR HYDROISOMERIZATION OF FISCHER-TROPSCH WAX AND WAXY RAFFINATE METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MIDDLE DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERISATION AND HYDROCRACKING OF CHARGES ARISING FROM THE FISCHER-TROPSCH METHOD CATALYST STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF FISCHER- TROPSCH SYNTHESIS METHOD FOR ACTIVATING AN IRON-BASED FISCHER- TROPSCH CATALYST PROCESS OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS BY CONTROL OF THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF WATER IN THE REACTION ZONE PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MIDDLE DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERIZING AND HYDROCRACKING FEEDS FROM THE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS USING A MULTIFUNCTIONAL GUARD BED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MIDDLE DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERIZING AND HYDROCRACKING FEEDS FROM THE FISCHER-TROPSCH PROCESS USING A DOPED CATALYST BASED ON MESOPOROUS ALUMINA-SILICA WITH A CONTROLLED MACROPORE CONTENT PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PROPYLENE AND ETHYLENE FROM A FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCT METHOD FOR PROVIDING AUXILIARY POWER TO AN ELECTRIC POWER PLANT USING FISCHER-TROPSCH TECHNOLOGY EXPANDED BED REACTOR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HYDROPROCESSING WAX PRODUCED BY FISCHER- TROPSCH REACTION AND CONTAMINATED WITH SOLIDS CONVERSION PROCESS HIGH SURFACE AREA, SMALL CRYSTALLITE SIZE CATALYST FOR FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS FROM SYNTHESIS GAS AMMONIA PLANT CONFIGURATION AND METHODS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PRODUCTS FROM NATURAL GAS INCLUDING HELIUM AND LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

10 METHOD OF GENERATING HYDROCARBON REAGENTS FROM DIESEL, NATURAL GAS, AND OTHER LOGISTICAL FUELS PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING HYDROCARBONS HIGH PURITY OLEFINIC NAPHTHAS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE AND PROPYLENE PROCESS FOR IMPROVING PREREFORMING AND REFORMING OF NATURAL GAS CONTAINING HIGHER HYDROCARBONS ALONG WITH METHANE SYNTHESIS GAS AND CARBON DIOXIDE GENERATION METHOD PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SUPPORTED CATALYST PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUELS PREPARATION OF TITANIA AND COBALT ALUMINATE CATALYST SUPPORTS AND THEIR USE IN FISCHER- TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PROCESS FOR REMOVING ALUMINUM CONTAMINANTS FROM FISCHER-TROPSCH FEED STREAMS USING DICARBOXYLIC ACID HYDROGEN RECOVERY FROM HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS PROCESSES PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MIDDLE DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERISATION AND HYDROCRACKING FEEDS FROM THE FISCHER- TROPSCH PROCESS STABILIZED TRANSITION ALUMINA CATALYST SUPPORT FROM BOEHMITE AND CATALYSTS MADE THEREFROM RECOVERY OF ALCOHOLS FROM FISCHER-TROPSCH NAPHTHA AND DISTILLATE FUELS CONTAINING THE SAME PRODUCTION OF SYNTHETIC TRANSPORTATION FUELS FROM CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL USING SELF- SUSTAINED HYDRO-GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FOR THE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS AND PRODUCING APPARATUS THEREOF LOW SULPHUR DIESEL FUEL AND AVIATION TURBINE FUEL PROCESSES FOR MAKING LUBRICANT BLENDS WITH LOW BROOKFIELD VISCOSITIES

11 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF USEFUL PRODUCTS FROM CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK PRODUCTION OF LOW SULFUR, MODERATELY AROMATIC DISTILLATE FUELS BY HYDROCRACKING OF COMBINED FISCHER-TROPSCH AND PETROLEUM STREAMS CATALYSTS FISCHER-TROPSCH COMPOSITION AND PROCESS SUPPORTED CATALYST FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST PRODUCTION PROCESS TO PREPARE A HEAVY AND A LIGHT LUBRICATING BASE OIL HYDROPROCESSING METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE PREPARATION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF IMPROVING DIESEL FUEL PERFORMANCE IN COLD CLIMATES METHOD FOR PRODUCING LONG-CHAIN HYDROCARBONS FROM NATURAL GAS FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST, PREPARATION, AND USE THEREOF HOMOGENEOUS MODIFIED-ALUMINA FISCHER- TROPSCH CATALYST SUPPORTS BLENDING FOR DENSITY SPECIFICATIONS USING FISCHER-TROPSCH DIESEL FUEL OXYGENATE TREATMENT OF DEWAXING CATALYST FOR GREATER YIELD OF DEWAXED PRODUCT PROCESS FOR REMOVING CONTAMINANTS FROM FISCHER-TROPSCH FEED STREAMS PROCESS TO PREPARE A WAXY RAFFINATE PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MIDDLE DISTILLATES BY HYDROISOMERISATION AND HYDROCRACKING FEEDS FROM THE FISCHER- TROPSCH PROCESS RECEPTION, PROCESSING, HANDLING, AND DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBONS AND OTHER FLUIDS PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGENERATING AN IRON-BASED FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYST PROCESS FOR CONVERTING GASEOUS ALKANES TO LIQUID HYDROCARBONS

12 INTEGRATED PROCESSING OF NATURAL GAS INTO LIQUID PRODUCTS GAS-TO-LIQUIDS FACILITY FOR FIXED OFFSHORE HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION PLATFORMS MODIFICATION OF A METHANOL PLANT FOR CONVERTING NATURAL GAS TO LIQUID HYDROCARBONS PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF OIL FROM A NATURAL OIL RESERVOIR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT LIQUID HYDROCARBONS FROM METHANE AND/OR NATURAL GAS MANAGING HYDROGEN IN A GAS TO LIQUID PLANT METHOD FOR CONVERTING NATURAL GAS TO LIQUID HYDROCARBONS Method for Converting (Continued)