TARGET ZERO TEAM PROJECT DUI ZONE IDENTIFICATION AND BASELINE DATA 2005 2009 KING COUNTY
TABLE OF CONTENTS COUNTY CHARACTERISTICS AND SUMMARY TOTAL FATAL COLLISIONS 4 DUI ZONE IDENTIFICATION... Overview Listing of Zones, Zone Analysis and Maps Auburn Area Federal Way Area Covington Area Renton Area South Seattle Area Downtown Area BASELINE DATA... Total Fatal Collisions, All Roads Citizen Reports of Possible DUI Crime Data Uniform Crime Report LInX Map LInX Crime Data 5 15 METHODOLOGY 25 2
"This project was supported by Grant No. 2009 SC B9 0145 awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the SMART Office, and the Office for Victims of Crime. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the author and do not represent the official position or policies of the United States Department of Justice." The following agencies participated in the production of this report: Washington State Patrol Washington State Department of Transportation Washington Traffic Safety Commission Pierce County Sheriff's Office/Northwest Regional Crime Analyst Network (NORCAN) representative Law Enforcement Information Exchange (LInX) 3
COUNTY CHARACTERISTICS AND SUMMARY King County: Most populous county in the state, and the twelfth largest county in the nation with 1.9 million residents. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, King County has a total area of 2,306 square mile, 92% land and 8% water. The highest point in the county is Mount Daniel at 7,959 feet (2,426 meters) above sea level. King County includes Vashon Island and Maury Island which are located in the Puget Sound. King County borders Snohomish County to the north, Kitsap County to the west, Kittitas County to the east, and Pierce County to the south. It also shares a small border with Chelan County to the northeast. Category King County Population 1,909,300 Square Miles 2,126 Density per Sq Mile 898 Lincensed Drivers 1,482,716 Registered Vehicles 1,797,848 Notable sites: Washington State Convention Center Starbuck s Corporate Headquarters Microsoft Corporate Headquarters Port of Seattle Boeing Field Emerald Downs Population and density statistics, licensed driver and registered vehicle statistics obtained from OFM, 2009 Total state route miles obtained from WSDOT TRIPS system State Route Annual Vehicle Miles County, Functional Class, and Rural/Urban A.V.M.T. (Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled) in Thousands report available on WSDOT website. FATAL COLLISIONS KING COUNTY Total Fatal Collisions in King County by Road Type and Year, 2005 2009 Road Type 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Total City Street 47 50 37 38 37 209 County Road 20 20 16 16 6 78 Miscellaneous 0 0 0 2 0 2 State Route 55 50 35 34 27 201 Grand Total 122 120 88 90 70 490 Source: FARS Overview Most Fatal Collisions occur on the City Streets, followed closely by State Routes. In 2009 there was 22.2% decrease in all fatal collisions. 49.5% (243) of all fatal collisions were Impaired Fatal Collisions. 4
DUI ZONE IDENTIFICATION ZONES The Target Zero Team Project goal aims to significantly reduce fatal and serious injuries involving impaired drivers. Therefore, enforcement efforts should be focused on areas with high numbers of fatal and serious injury crashes involving alcohol or drugs. Identify Zones of High Activity Target Zero Zones have been identified through GIS Analysis and ranked according to the following features: Areas were first calculated by density (incidents are closer to one another than other areas) of Impaired Fatal Collisions between 2005 and 2009. Areas were then further classified by the raw number of incidents within each Zone. Data from each Zone is extracted out and summarized for details specific to that Zone: time of day, day of week, BAC levels, speed, seat belt use, etc. For larger view see page 7. As the project continues, Zones will be monitored for changes in behavior, times, and monitored activity within and surrounding the Zones. Baseline Data Total Fatal Collisions and Total Fatal DUI Related Collisions (2005 2009, FARS Data) Citizen Reports of Possible DUI, Erratically Driven Vehicles, and Wrong Way Drivers (2007 2009, WSP CAD 9 11 Data) DUI Fatal Collisions result from crash involving one or more drivers with positive BAC (blood alcohol content of >0) or police reported alcohol involvement or positive drug test. 5
ZONES KING COUNTY FATAL DUI COLLISION ZONE IDENTIFICATION Zone Name Characteristics Number of Fatal Impaired Driver Collisions Number of People Killed in Impaired Driver Collisions Auburn Zone Fatal Crashes: Three out of the six impaired fatal collisions were speed related. Citizen Reports: Between 2007 and 2009, there were 3,377 citizen reports of possible DUI, wrong way or erratically driven vehicles to WSP via 911 in this zone. Number of calls peaked on Saturdays followed by Sundays and Fridays. 6 6 Federal Way Zone Fatal Crashes: Two out of the three fatal collisions occurred on City Streets. Citizen Reports: Between 2007 and 2009, there were 21 calls of possible DUI, wrong way vehicles or erratically driven vehicles to WSP via 911. The Number of calls peaked on Fridays followed by Saturdays and Sundays 3 3 Covington Zone Renton Zone South Seattle Zone Downtown Zone Redmond Zone Fatal Crashes: Two out of the three fatal collisions occurred on city streets. All of the fatal collisions happened in 2005 and 2006. Citizen Reports: Between 2007 and 2009, there were 716 calls of possible DUI, wrong way vehicles or erratically driven vehicles to WSP via 9 11 (2007 2009) in this zone. The number of calls peaked on Fridays followed by Wednesdays and then both Thursdays and Saturdays holding third place. Fatal Crashes: Six out of the seven collisions were speed related. Citizens Reports: There were 1,245 calls of possible DUI, wrong way vehicles or erratically driven vehicles to WSP via 9 11 (2007 2009) in this zone. The number of calls peaked on Saturdays followed by Fridays and then Sundays. Fatal Crashes: Out of 39 fatal collisions, 27 were speed related. Citizens Reports: Between 2007 and 2009, there were 6,411 citizen reports of possible DUI or erratically driven vehicles. The number of calls peaked on Saturdays followed by Fridays and then Sundays. Fatal Crashes: Out of 32 fatal collisions, 19 were speed related. Citizens Reports: Between 2007 and 2009, there were 4,533 citizen reports of possible DUI, wrong way or erratically driven vehicles. The number of calls peaked on Saturdays followed by Fridays and Sundays. Fatal Crashes: Two out of the three fatal impaired collisions occurred between midnight and 2am. In addition, both of these late night fatal collisions were speed related. Citizen Reports: There were no calls to WSP via 911 in this zone. 3 3 7 7 39 42 32 36 3 3 6
KING FATAL DUI COLLISION ZONE IDENTIFICATION MAP ZONES 7
ZONES KING COUNTY: AUBURN ZONE 8
KING COUNTY: FEDERAL WAY ZONE ZONES 9
ZONES KING COUNTY: COVINGTON ZONE 10
KING COUNTY: RENTON ZONE ZONES 11
ZONES KING COUNTY: SOUTH SEATTLE ZONE 12
KING COUNTY: DOWNTOWN ZONE ZONES 13
ZONES KING COUNTY: REDMOND ZONE 14
KING COUNTY BASELINE: IMPAIRED FATAL COLLISIONS Impaired Fatal Collisions by Month and Year, 2005 2009 MONTH 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Total Jan 5 4 0 9 4 22 Feb 1 3 1 2 5 12 Mar 7 4 6 3 1 21 Apr 4 5 4 6 0 19 May 6 5 2 8 7 28 Jun 5 4 4 3 4 20 Jul 6 9 4 1 3 23 Aug 6 8 4 7 7 32 Sept 8 8 1 1 3 21 Oct 4 6 4 3 3 20 Nov 2 4 0 1 0 7 Dec 3 5 5 2 3 18 Total 57 65 35 46 40 243 Overview Out of 490 Fatal Collisions, 243 (49.5%) were Impaired Fatal Collisions. Out of 243 Impaired Fatal Collisions 147 were speed related, 13 were hit and run, and 2 vehicles were stolen. Most fatal collisions occurred in August and May but November had the smallest number. BASELINE Overview Seven Impaired Fatal Collisions involved a pedestrian. Five out of seven occurred between 10pm and 2am. The highest number of Impaired Fatal Collisions happened on Saturdays, followed by Sundays. The highest number of collisions happen between midnight and 3am. Impaired Fatal Collisions by Day of Week and Time of Day With Daily and Hourly Index, 2005 2009 HOUR Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Total Hourly Index 0 4 1 1 3 0 5 7 21 2.07 1 9 4 3 5 2 4 6 33 3.26 2 5 3 4 7 3 5 4 31 3.06 3 2 0 1 1 2 3 4 13 1.28 4 3 1 0 0 1 0 3 8 0.79 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 0.40 6 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 4 0.40 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.10 8 1 1 0 3 1 2 0 8 0.79 9 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0.20 10 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 4 0.40 11 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 4 0.40 12 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 5 0.49 13 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 5 0.49 14 2 2 1 0 0 2 2 9 0.89 15 1 1 0 0 1 0 2 5 0.49 16 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 6 0.59 17 2 2 1 1 2 0 5 13 1.28 18 1 1 1 0 1 2 2 8 0.79 19 2 0 0 2 3 2 2 11 1.09 20 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 7 0.69 21 3 2 0 4 2 1 1 13 1.28 22 2 1 2 1 5 2 2 15 1.48 23 1 0 2 1 3 3 3 13 1.28 Total 49 25 21 33 28 37 50 243 Daily Index 1.41 0.72 0.60 0.95 0.81 1.07 1.44 * An index of >1 is considered above average 15
KING COUNTY IMPAIRED FATAL COLLISIONS BASELINE 16
KING COUNTY IMPAIRED FATAL COLLISIONS BASELINE 17
KING COUNTY BASELINE: CITIZEN REPORTS OF POSSIBLE DUI BASELINE Baseline Citizen Reports of Possible DUI Data by Month and Year with Seasonal Index, 2007 2009 2007 2008 2009 Total Mean Index Jan 2336 2551 2232 7119 2373.00 0.81 Feb 2468 2928 2315 7711 2570.33 0.88 Mar 2977 3174 2441 8592 2864.00 0.98 Apr 3280 3056 2697 9033 3011.00 1.03 May 3678 3609 2899 10186 3395.33 1.16 Jun 3934 3271 2988 10193 3397.67 1.17 Jul 3893 3187 2932 10012 3337.33 1.14 Aug 3694 3292 2961 9947 3315.67 1.14 Sept 3487 2892 2688 9067 3022.33 1.04 Oct 3032 2672 2463 8167 2722.33 0.93 Nov 3076 2327 2229 7632 2544.00 0.87 Dec 2901 1863 2521 7285 2428.33 0.83 Total 38,756 34,822 31,366 104,944 Overview Possible DUI Citizen Reports decreased by 9.9% in 2009 from the previous year, and 19% from 2007. Citizen Reports averaged 85.9 calls per day in 2009. Months with the highest number of calls for possible DUIs or erratically driven vehicles are: May through August. 18 Overview Citizen Reports of Possible DUI chart by Day of Week indicates: Saturdays, followed by Fridays, and Sundays had highest number of possible DUIs or erratically driven vehicles. According to the Index column, time between 3:00pm and 5:00 pm has the highest number of calls. Citizen Reports of Possible DUI by Time of Day and Day of Week with Hourly Index, 2007 2009 Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Total Mean Index 0 920 286 241 258 308 334 760 3107 443.86 0.71 1 772 216 173 155 242 282 704 2544 363.43 0.58 2 755 220 166 169 200 272 755 2537 362.43 0.58 3 429 136 133 126 133 185 398 1540 220.00 0.35 4 243 114 135 122 176 158 231 1179 168.43 0.27 5 159 205 270 258 259 273 193 1617 231.00 0.37 6 168 296 395 392 407 384 241 2283 326.14 0.52 7 164 388 436 502 464 444 298 2696 385.14 0.62 8 210 377 451 468 485 511 408 2910 415.71 0.67 9 387 415 499 476 554 562 538 3431 490.14 0.78 10 475 541 500 611 603 658 637 4025 575.00 0.92 11 624 563 612 680 699 771 804 4753 679.00 1.09 12 711 600 711 694 701 858 885 5160 737.14 1.18 13 804 695 712 748 791 951 873 5574 796.29 1.27 14 864 851 791 867 901 1056 997 6327 903.86 1.45 15 904 872 902 983 1034 1160 1049 6904 986.29 1.58 16 1069 801 920 912 911 1218 1120 6951 993.00 1.59 17 1144 827 825 833 897 1161 1178 6865 980.71 1.57 18 1023 726 823 885 885 1035 1171 6548 935.43 1.50 19 975 692 853 779 947 1067 1050 6363 909.00 1.46 20 892 617 698 705 821 1067 1075 5875 839.29 1.34 21 832 630 653 697 824 1048 1236 5920 845.71 1.35 22 641 472 540 631 751 1125 1338 5498 785.43 1.26 23 449 348 403 473 523 953 1188 4337 619.57 0.99 Total 15614 11888 12842 13424 14516 17533 19127 104944 * An index of >1 is considered above average
KING COUNTY BASELINE: CITIZEN REPORTS OF POSSIBLE DUI BASELINE 19
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KING COUNTY BASELINE: CRIME DATA Crime Uniform Crime Report, 2006 2008 The tables below represent information for King County for the years of 2006 through 2008. Each table represents a different aspect of the Uniform Crime Report. As a result, the totals in each table will not match because they represent number of crimes, number of subjects arrested, and number of court cases. Reported Index Crimes: Reported Index Crime for King County had decreased 6.9% in 2008 from the previous year, and decrease of 19.1% from 2006. Reported Index Crimes Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs Calendar Year 2006 2007 2008 Murder 68 59 64 Forcible Rape 646 556 544 Aggravated Assault 3,936 3,560 3,097 Robbery 2,986 2,738 2,808 Arson 834 583 412 Burglary 17,822 15,565 15,697 Theft 58,096 53,643 51,376 Motor Vehicle Theft 18,806 13,979 9,435 Total 103,194 90,683 83,433 BASELINE Number of total arrests: Number of total arrests in King County had decreased 16% in 2008 from the previous year, and a drop of 15.8% from 2006. Adult Arrests Washington Association of Sheriffs and Police Chiefs Calendar Year 2006 2007 2008 Murder 46 46 15 Forcible Rape 159 186 82 Aggravated Assault 882 836 761 Robbery 472 496 404 Arson 51 28 32 Burglary 954 880 675 Theft 5,909 7,094 5,404 Motor Vehicle Theft 710 630 386 Drug Crimes 7,457 6,999 3,679 Other Crimes 31,909 31,487 29,450 Total 48,549 48,682 40,888 Superior Court Filing: Number of superior court filing had decreased 19.4% in 2008 from the previous year, and a drop of 15.4% from 2006. Superior Court Filings Office of the Administrator for the Courts Calendar Year 2006 2007 2008 Homicide 65 62 59 Sex Crimes 441 463 445 Robbery 369 348 379 Assault 1,414 1,348 1,406 Property Crimes 2,612 2,763 2,112 Drug Crimes 3,661 3,828 2,832 Other Felonies 1,411 1,385 1,024 Total 9,973 10,474 8,440 Source: (Office of Financial Management, 2009) 21
KING COUNTY BASELINE: CRIME DATA BASELINE 22 Source: LinX
KING COUNTY BASELINE: CRIME DATA The information for the Crime Data comes from the Law Enforcement Information Exchange (LInX). The tables below represent arrests that occurred within King County during March 2010. The following agencies data is included: Algona PD, Auburn PD, Bellevue PD, Bothell PD, Clyde Hill PD, Des Moines PD, Duvall/Carnation PD, Edmonds PD, Enumclaw PD, Federal Way PD, Immigration & Custom Enforcement, Issaquah PD, Kent PD, King County Sheriff s Office, Kirkland PD, Lake Forest Park PD, Law Enforcement Support Agency, Medina PD, Mercer Island DPS, Port of Seattle Police Department, Redmond PD, Renton PD, Seattle PD, Snoqualmie PD, Tukwila PD, University of Washington PD, Washington State Patrol. 1106 Arrests per Age BASELINE 736 807 347 414 59 8 11 to 20 21 to 30 31 to 40 41 to 50 41 to 60 61 to 70 70+ Number of Arrests per Day of Week 593 609 652 476 507 351 290 Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Source: LinX, March 2010 23
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APPENDIX: METHODOLOGY Statistical Calculations Seasonal and Hourly Index Calculations Mean The sum of the cases for a specific time frame divided by the total number of cases. For example, the Mean of January takes the sum of each January (2007, 2008, 2009) and divides it by three. The Seasonal Index indicates when a month is above or below average activity 1 equals average activity. To calculate the Seasonal Index, find the Mean of the means (Grand Mean), then divide the monthly mean by the Grand Mean. Temporal Charts Temporal Charts are broken out into High, Med High, Low by taking the highest number and dividing by four to calculate ranges Zone Activity Chart Consists of a basic Excel Surface Chart, which finds the peak numbers of collisions and creates patterns that allow for comparisons and detection of movement through time and space across zones. Kernel Density METHODOLOGY Kernel Density calculates the density of a group of features (collisions, calls for service, arrest locations, etc.) around a specific grid structure. The density is calculated using a 1 mile search radius and measured in features per square mile. The density value is highest at the location of the feature and diminishes with increasing distance from the feature, reaching zero at the 1 mile search radius distance from the point. FARS Data Set, 2005 2009 Fatal Collisions 05 09 (Merged Data) 2522 Spatial Features/ 2622 Total Records 96.1% of the Total Records (2622) are mapped 25