FINAL PROJECT COMPARISON ANALYSIS of MOTORCYCLE PERFORMANCE BETWEEN INTAKE MANIFOLD STANDARD AND INTAKE MANIFOLD RACING ON YAMAHA JUPITER Z 2005 Submitted as a Partial fulfillment of The Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering Department by IKHTIARIFQI D 700 070 003 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM IN AUTOMOTIVE/MOTORCYCLE ENGINEERING MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2012 i
APPROVAL The research paper entitled Comparison Analysis of Motorcycle Performance Between Intake Manifold Standard and Intake Manifold Racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005, has been agreed by supervisor and authorized by the Director of International Program as partial fulfillment of the requirements for getting the Bachelor Degree of Engineering in Automotive Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Written by: Name : Ikhtiarifqi NIM : D 700 070 003 Has Approved and legalized on: Day : Date : Supervisor I, Supervisor II, (Dr. Supriyono) (Wijianto, ST, M.Eng. Sc) Admitted by: Head of Department, (Ir. Sartono Putro, MT.) ii
ACCEPTANCE The Final Project entitle Comparison Analysis of Motorcycle Performance Between Intake Manifold Standard and Intake Manifold Racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005 has been defended in front of examiners team and approved as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for getting the Bachelor Degree of Engineering in Automotive Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Written by: Name : Ikhtiarifqi NIM : D 700 070 003 Has Approved and legalized on: Day : Date : Team of Examiners: Chair Person : Dr. Supriyono ( ) Member 1 : Wijianto, ST.M.Eng.Sc ( ) Member 2 : Ir. Sartono Putro, MT ( ) Dean of Mechanical Engineering, Head of Department, (Ir. Agus Riyanto, MT.) (Ir. Sartono Putro, MT.) iii
TESTIMONY With this, I state that there is no plagiarism of the previous works which have been made to get bachelor degree of university and as long as the writer knows that there is also no work or opinion that ever been composed or published by other people, except referred written in this research paper mentioned in bibliography. Hence, if it is proved that there is mistake in the writer s statements I will be wholly responsible. Surakarta, March 2012 The writer Ikhtiarifqi D 700 070 003 iv
MOTTO A good process will get a good result (The Writer) Let there arise out of you a group of people inviting to all that is good (Islam), enjoining Al-Ma ruf and forbidding Al-Munkar. And it is they who are the successful. (QS Ali Imran:104) Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. (QS Al-Baqarah:286) Many People say that the intelligence that make the great scientist. They are mistaken, it is the character. (Albert Einstein) There is a way to make it better, find it.(thomas A. Edison) The best person is the person who is the most beneficial for others (Narrated by Bukhari) v
DEDICATION This research paper is dedicated to: Allah SWT, Thanks for the best everything that You have given for me and thanks for Your love that always make me to never give up to do the best. I believe that You will always give me the best for everything. My beloved Mom and Dad, Thanks for your prayer, love and support. You always give me happiness but often I made you disappointed. I am sorry and I promise to give you the best in the future. My Siblings (Muhammad Miftakhurizka, Risalatul Ikhtiarini, Rifana Yuniartanti), Thanks for your supports. It is make me strong to get something more and more. My Grand Mother and Grand Father, Thanks for your pray, love, support, spirit, attention and care. My all family, Thanks for your prayer, love, support and everything. All my friends, Thanks for your support and love me. vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb Alhamdulillahirabbil alamin. First, the writer would like to praise to Allah SWT, the Lord of universe, for blessing and guiding the writer to accomplish the research paper as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for getting bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The writer also realizes that this amazing moment cannot come true without the help and support of other people. In this opportunity, she would like to express her great gratitude to: 1. Ir. Agus Riyanto, M.T. as the dean of Engineering Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2. Ir. Sartono Putro, M.T. as the Head of Mechanical Engineering, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 3. Dr. Supriyono as the first consultant who has guided and advised me smartly from the beginning to the end of this research paper. 4. Wijianto, ST.M.Eng.Sc. as the second consultant who has corrected and given advice in the process of making this research paper. vii
5. All the lecturers of Mechanical Engineering in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who have given knowledge during the study. Thanks for the knowledge you shared to him. 6. His Mom (Yustiani) and Dad (Masruchan) who always prays and support the writer, for care, money, love and everything. Hopefully, the writer can make them happy and do the best for them. 7. His old sister (Risalatul Ikhtiarini and Rifana Yuniartanti) and old brother (Muhammad Miftakhurizka) for their support, pray, and love. 8. His Grandmother and Grandfather for support, wishes, love, pray and care. 9. His beloved Ikhtiarifqi for support, wishes, love, pray, and care. 10. All his beloved friends in Automotive Engineering especially writer s classmate 07 as the first generation (Iqbal, Tunggul, Amar, Soni, David, Aldi and Gunawan), thanks for nice friendship. 11. His friends in Pesma K.H. Mas Mansyur. Thanks for accompany him during his study. 12. Those who can not to be mentioned one by one for every helping in accomplishing this research paper. Thanks a lot for all. The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect, so the writer welcomes any constructive comment, criticism, and suggestion from viii
anyone. Finally, he hopes that this research paper would help the other researchers who are interested in studying translation and enrich the reader s knowledge. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Surakarta, March 2012 The writer Ikhtiarifqi ix
COMPARISON ANALYSIS of MOTORCYCLE PERFORMANCE BETWEEN INTAKE MANIFOLD STANDARD AND INTAKE MANIFOLD RACING ON YAMAHA JUPITER Z 2005 Ikhtiarifqi Mechanical Engineering Department International Program In Automotive/Motorcycle Engineering Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Jl. A. Yani Tromol Pos I Pabelan Kartasura, Surakarta 57102 E-mail: rifqy_jpr@yahoo.com ABSTRACT On combustion engine, intake manifold pipe has function to distribute air-fuel mixture from carburetor to combustion chamber. Suction pipe intake manifold is not too important, but design of intake manifold can influenced on homogeneity and air-fuel mixture flow rate from carburetor to combustion engine. Objectives of this research to get and compare performance of the engine motorcycle has used intake manifold standard and intake manifold racing on Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005. Object has used is Yamaha Jupiter Z 2005 four-stroke motorcycle using carburetor Mikuni 26 mm. The testing has doing for every intake manifold to get torque, power and specific fuel consumption at 4000-9000 rpm. It use dynotest V3.3 Rextor Pro Dyno Inertia dynamometer in Mototech Laboratorium Yogyakarta. The result shows that intake manifold racing on standard piston can produce higher power and torque than intake manifold standard at low rpm and next rpm has happened changing along with the fuel consumption increased until stop the supply of air-fuel mixture because of limited supply of fuel from carburetor. In 4000 rpm, intake manifold racing on standard piston the fuel used is lower than standard intake manifold standard. Key Word: Carburetor, Intake Manifold Standard, Intake Manifold Racing x
CONTENTS TITLE PAGE... APROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... TESTIMONY... MOTTO... DEDICATION... i ii iii iv v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT... viii ABSTRACTION... CONTENTS... LIST of FIGURE... LIST of TABLE... x xi xv xviii CHAPTER I PREFACE 1.1. Background... 1 1.2. Problem Formulation... 2 1.3. Objectives... 2 1.4. Advantages of Research... 2 1.5. Problem Limitation... 3 1.6. Research Methodology... 3 1.7. Research Location... 4 1.8. Writing Systematic... 4 xi
CHAPTER II BASIC THOERY 2.1. Literature Review... 6 2.2. Definition of Combustion Engine... 7 2.2.1. Four-stroke Combustion Engine... 8 2.2.2. Two-stroke Combustion Engine... 11 2.3. Combustion Engine Component... 13 2.3.1. Moving Components (Mechanical)... 13 2.3.2. Components not Moving (Static)... 18 2.4. Fuel System 2.4.1. Drainage Fuel System... 21 2.4.2. Fuel Intake System... 22 2.4.3. Combustion Engine Process... 24 2.5. Planning of Combustion Engine Formula... 27 2.5.1. Torque... 28 2.5.2. Power... 28 2.5.3. Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)... 29 2.5.4. Debit... 30 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. Flow Chart of Research... 36 3.2. Research Tools and Materials... 37 3.2.1. Combustion Engine Used... 37 3.2.2. Intake Manifold Used... 38 3.2.3. Gauges Instrument... 38 3.3. Step for Experiment... 40 xii
3.3.1. Variation Intake Manifold... 40 3.4. Prepare for Experiment... 41 3.4.1. Steps of Data Retrieval Experiment Torque and Power... 42 3.4.1.1. Preparation Before Running The Engine data Retrieval Torque and Power... 42 3.4.1.2. Torque and Power Data Retrieval... 43 3.4.2. Preparation of Experiment Fuel Consumption Data Retrieval... 43 3.4.2.1. Preparation of Fuel Consumption Data Retrieval... 44 3.4.2.2. Fuel Consumption Data Retrieval... 44 CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1. Test Result Data... 46 4.1.1. Intake Manifold Standard... 47 4.1.2. Intake Manifold Racing... 48 4.2. Test Result Comparison... 49 4.2.1. Power... 49 xiii
4.2.2. Torque... 51 4.2.3. Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC)... 53 CHAPTER V CLOSING 5.1. Conclusions... 56 5.2. Suggestions... 56 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX xiv
LIST of FIGURE Figure 2.1 Four-stroke combustion engine cycle... 10 Figure 2.2 Two-stroke combustion engine cycle... 12 Figure 2.3 Piston... 14 Figure 2.4 Ring Piston... 15 Figure 2.5 Pen Piston... 15 Figure 2.6 Connecting Rod... 16 Figure 2.7 Crankshaft... 17 Figure 2.8 Wheels Successor/Flywheel... 17 Figure 2.9 Cylinder Block... 19 Figure 2.10 Cylinder Head... 20 Figure 2.11 Crankcase... 20 Figure 2.12 Graph showing relationship of torque, power, specific fuel consumption vs engine rotation... 27 Figure 3.1 Flow Chart of Research... 31 Figure 4.1 Graph showing relationship between power with engine rotation on standard piston... 44 Figure 4.2 Graph showing relationship between torque with engine rotation in a standard piston... 47 xv
Figure 4.3 Graph showing relationship between specific fuel consumption (SFC) with engine rotation on standard piston... 49 xvi
LIST of TABLE Table 4.1 Standard intake manifold test result on standard piston... 42 Table 4.2 Intake manifold racing test result on standard piston... 43 Table 4.3 Comparison of power generated from testing standard intake manifold and intake manifold racing on a standard piston... 44 Table 4.4 Comparison of the torque has generated from testing standard intake manifold and intake manifold racing on a standard piston... 46 Table 4.5 Comparison of specific fuel consumption has resulting from testing intake manifold racing and standard intake manifold... 49 xvii