Battery Energy Storage System Fort Carson, Colorado Air and Waste Management Association West Coast Section 2016 Annual Conference 19 October 2016
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Downstream Energy Storage Vendor Taxonomy Source: https://www.greentechmedia.com/research/subscription/u.s.-energy-storage-monitor Page 8
Fort Carson BESS Overview Ft Carson BESS Use Cases Demand management (peak shaving) 99% savings Arbitrage (load shifting) 1% savings Energy Savings Performance Contract Higher Headquarters Interest Page 9
BESS ECM Team AECOM Growing Energy Labs Inc. (GELI) Lockheed Martin Advanced Energy Storage LGChem PID Engineering Sturgeon Electric NREL (Third Party Review) Page 10
Lithium Ion Safety Enhancements Safer battery chemistries Electrodes such as NiMnCo and LiFeP rather than LiCoO 2 that are more tolerant to mechanical and thermal stress Safer materials and manufacturing methods Membranes that stop a short if temperature crosses safety limit Robust safety systems Dedicated battery cell protection circuitry Redundant battery management systems Multi-level fire barrier architecture Extensive failure testing programs and safety standards Li-ion cells subjected to 10 separate abuse tests to determine battery safety Standards: UL1973, UL1642, etc Page 11
Ft. Carson Main Meter April 2015 - March 2016 $10.1M annual electric spend Demand Charges Energy Charges Meter Charges $5,572,180 55% Rate Current 2017 $4,548,447 45% $14,042 0% Summer On Peak (ONP): April September 11:00AM 6:00PM Cooling Season Winter On Peak (ONP): October March 4:00PM 10:00PM Heating Season ONP Demand (kw) $17.44 $17.96 OFFP Demand (kw) $9.42 $9.70 ONP Supply (kwh) $0.038 $0.046 OFFP Supply (kwh) $0.013 $0.020 Escalation Rate Demand (kw) 4.0% Supply (kwh) 2.7% Page 12
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Fort Carson Discrete Load Profiles Page 14
Fort Carson Average Load Profile Page 15
Fort Carson Average Load Profile Page 16
DCM: Summer Operating Mode Page 17
DCM: Winter Operating Mode Page 18
DCM value vs. System Size Page 19
Geli Energy Operating System
DCM: Pattern Matching Forecasting Operation: DCM reduces peak demand by discharging BESS when load exceeds threshold, and recharging when load drops below the threshold. Control: Threshold is reset each new billing cycle (based on that month s history) and adjusted continually upward based on current conditions and rolling demand forecast (chasing the next lowest peak). Rolling forecast based on pattern-matching the current load with historical loads. Monitored other parameters assist pattern-matching. Weather Grid Performance Insolation and PV Performance The rolling forecast model uses statistically-based error correction at shorttime scale and machine learning-based error correction method at medium time-scale to mitigate forecasting errors due to imperfect information. Page 21
Lockheed-Martin GridStar Li-Ion Electrical Specifications: Parameter Rating/Description Rated AC Power Rated AC Current Voltage 100kW to 375kW configurations available up to 450A 480 VAC 3-phase 3-wire standard (4-wire available) Frequency Range 60Hz standard (other frequencies available) Reactive Power PF>0.95 AC (charging) grid-tied; PF 0-1 leading and lagging (discharging) grid or islanded Peak Efficiency >96% Harmonics Grid-Tied Mode Off-Grid (Islanded) Mode IEEE 1547 Compliant Current Source (Optional) Grid-forming Voltage Source Mechanical Specifications: Parameter Rating/Description Dimensions Weight Lifting Provisions Mounting Provisions Cable Entry Bottom Entry Side Entry Gland Plate 3 rd party HW space 144 x 60 x 96 inches (LxDxH) <16,000 lbs Crane lift points 1 Diameter Holes, Outboard 12 Places Bottom, internal to ESU Conduit Window with gland (refer to Mechanical ICD) Side entry junction box for side bottom or side top entry (refer to Mechanical ICD) 5U rack space available for customer specified equipment Page 22
Monthly Charges Post-Storage Demand Savings $700,000 Post-Storage Utility Bill $600,000 $500,000 $400,000 $300,000 51% 44% $200,000 5% $100,000 $0 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 Month Pre-Storage Peak Demand Charges Post-Storage Peak Demand Charges Energy Demand Savings Demand Total Avg. Annual Savings $530,599/yr. Page 23
Demand Charges: Revenue Solution for a Changing Grid Renewable Energy sources require the grid to distribute and receive energy. Traditional energy sources only require the grid to handle one-way energy traffic. Page 24 Public and municipal utilities all over the country are faced with the challenge of upgrading infrastructure capacity in order to integrate renewable energy systems, Smart Grid technology, and distributed generation. This challenge is made even more difficult due to unrealized load growth projections, which result in a reduction in utility revenue. Demand charges offer an insurance policy for utilities in the way of guaranteed revenue.
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Failure of Residential Demand Charges and Effects on Commercial/Industrial Customers Consumer advocacy groups are strongly opposed to residential demand charges; PUCs have shown very little support for approving residential demand charges; Of 3,000 public utilities in the US, only five have imposed demand charges on all residential customers. Utilities are still looking for revenue sources to makeup for load projection revenue shortfalls. Commercial/Industrial Demand Rates and other fixed charges are the most easily accessible revenue. Page 26
Thank You Rob Rouse P.E. Energy Efficiency Services (619) 384-5702 rob.rouse@aecom.com Jerry Portillo Energy Efficiency Services (310) 466-9685 Jerry.portillo@aecom.com 19 October 2016