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0. 20 40 45 50 55 UNITED STATES 1,412,600. PATENT OFFICE. GUISEPPE. J. BAUMSTARK, OF NORTH BERGEN, NEw JERSEY. LOCK. To all whom it may concern; Be it known that I. GUISEPPE. J. BAUM STARR, a citizen of the United States, residing at North Bergen, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact speci fication. My invention relates to locks and refers particularly to locks of the pin-tumbler type. My invention relates to locks having cer tain peculiarities of construction not found in previous devices of this character and capable of producing new and valuable re sults. One object of my invention is a lock in which the revoluble cylinder is made capable of revolution by means of a movement of the pins and drivers in a direction parallel to the movement of key insertion. Another object of my invention is a lock containing false pins, the movement of which in the direction of key insertion, locks the device. Another object of my invention is a lock capable of being unlocked by means of a key having bits in angular position with re spect to each other. Another object of my invention is a lock containing a bit chamber in which an in serted key bit is revoluble. Another object of my invention is lock in which the key insertion will move a plu rality of pins, unlocking the device, without affecting the position of a plurality of false pins, the movement of which would lock the device. These and other objects of my invention are evident upon a consideration of my drawings and specification. In a broad way, my invention comprises a casing enclosing a revoluble cylinder, within which are a series of pins operative against a series of drivers, the inward move ment of the keys moving the pins and drivers in the same direction as the key movement, the movement unlocking the device. A modified form of the device of my in vention contains a single false pin, or a plu rality thereof, which is not affected by the unlocking of the device by the movement of the key, but which, if moved inwardly, will lock the device, The device of my invention also contains a bit chamber in which one of the wing bits - specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 11, 1922. Application filed July 14, 1921. serial No. 484,569.. of a key may be revolved before insertion within the pin chambers. - - - - The device of my invention is operative by means of a key containing a series of bits and pin-engaging members in angular posi tion with respect to each other. In the accompanying drawings a particu lar form of the device of my invention is shown as applied to a pad-lock, but it is evident that the mechanism of my invention can be readily applied to other form of locks, as door-locks, snap-locks, &c. In the accompanying drawings, illus trating modifications of the device of my in vention, similar parts are designated by simi lar numerals:- -. Figure 1 is a rear end view of one form of the device of my invention. Figure 2 is front view of the device. Figure 3 is key end view of the device. Figure 4 is a plan view of a key suitable for use in my device. Figure 5 is a section through the line 5-5 of Figure 3. - Figure 6 is a section through the line 6-6 of Figure 5. - Figure 7 is a section through the line 7-7 of Figure 5. Figure 8 is a section through the line 8-8 of Figure 7. Figure 9 is a broken section of a modified form of key with method for its employment. The particular form of the device of my invention, shown in the accompanying draw ings, comprises a shell 10, having the open ings 11, 12 and 13. Within the shell 10, and carried thereby, is a i-evoluble key plate 14, having an elongated opening 15 capable of allowing the passage of a key. Within the casing 10, and in alignment with the opening 13, is a revoluble pin cylinder com prising the cylinder casing 16 and the cylin der 17. The revoluble cylinder 17 has the three spaced projecting lock members 18, 19 and 20 and a series of pin chambers 21, 21, 22, 22, 23, 23, 23, 23, the chambers being concentric with, but in a different circum ference from, the chambers 21, 21, 22, 22. The end 24 of the casing 10 has a series of driver chambers,,, in alignment with the pin chambers of the cylinder 17, when the device is in locked position. Within each driver chamber, in align ment with the pin chambers 21, 21, 22, 22, is a driver 26, abutting upon which is a spiral 60 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 1.0
V s spring 27, maintaining the driver 26 in a po The operation of the device is as follows. sition across the jointure line between the the device being in the locked position revoluble cylinder 1 and the non-revoluble shown in Figure 5: - member 24, thus preventing the cylinder The key bit 44 is passed through the from revoluble movement. openings 15 and 36 until it is within the Within each pin chamber 21, 21, 22, 22. bit chamber 32, and is then revolved 45 is a movable pin 28 abuttable upon a driver until the shank 40 is in alignment with the 26, the length of the pin 28 being such that openings 15 and 36, when the shak 40 is 10 its movement by means of a key will force passed therethrough. The key is then it inwardly to a position where the driver spassed inwardly, the bit 44 and the shani. 7 3 26 will be freed from engagement with the 40 entering the pin chambel's 21, 21 and 22. cylinder 17, thus allowing the latter to re 22 respectively, the further movement of volve. the key causing the pin-engaging members Within each pin chamber 23, 23, 23, 23 44. 44 and 41. 41 to abut upon the pins 28, 5 is a false pin 29, free from engagement with the non-revoluble member 24, when 28, 28.28 and to force the drivers 26, 26, 26. 26 from engagement with the cylinders the device is in normal position, and so thus allowing the latter to be revolved by maintained by a spiral spring abutting the revoluble movement of the key. As upon a shoulder of the pin 29 and affixel the cylinder 17 revolves, it removes the mem. 20 to the wall of the chamber 23. If the bers 18, 18 and 20 from engagement with 85 false pin 29 is forced inwardly, it will be the split ring 37, which can then be re positioned across the jointure line of the volved until the opening thereof is posi cylinder 17 and the member 24, thus pre tioned outside of the casing 10, and the lock venting the former from revolving, the pin can be removed from a staple through 29 returning to its original unlocked posi which the ring has passed. The key can 90 tion when the force is removed. then be removed from the lock, if desired. The pin chambers decease slightly in The cylinder 17 is prevented from returning diameter toward the opening 13, in order to its original position by the abutment of that the pins may not fall therefrom. the members 18, 19 and 20 upon the closed A pin 31, carried by the member 24, ex portion of the ring. 95 tends into a chamber 32 within the cylinder When it is desired to lock the device, 17 and acts as a supporting member for the ring 37 is revolved until the open por the cylinder.. tion is returned to its original position, The cylinder 17 is so positioned as to when the spring 33 causes the members allow a bit chamber 32 between its ex 18 and 20 to enter the recesses 38 and 39 of 100 tremity and the plate 13, for purposes de the ring and the member 19 to position scribed later. A spring 33, abutting upon the cylinder itself between the ends of the ring, the stop member 19 and the wall of the casing 10. sition when the unlocking force is removed. A stop pin 34, abutting upon the cylinder member 19, prevents the cylinder from re volving beyond its predetermined locked po sition.. The end of the cylinder 17 has an elongated opening 36, which can be placed 40 tends to return the cylinder to a locked po in alignment with the opening 15 of the member 14. 50 Revoluble through the openings 11 and 12 of the casing 10, when the cylinder 17 is revolved, is a split ring 37, having re cesses 38 and 39 capable of receiving the members 18 and 20 of the cylinder, the ends 55 of the ring 37 being capable of practical abutment upon the member 19 of the cylin der 7. - A key capable of operating the described device is shown in Figure 4 and comprises 60 a flat shank 40, having the pin-engaging members 41, 41, the shank 40 being extended 65 through the shaft 42 to the flat bit 43, hav ing the pin-engaging members 44, 44, the bit 43 being positioned at right angles to the shank 40. 1,412,600 pin 34 preventing the cylinder from further movement. -- It has been found possible to pick locks of the pin-tumbler type by inserting wires, or similar devices through the key opening anti forcing the pins inwardly to allow of the revolution of the cylinder. It is evident, upon a consideration of my device. that this is rendered extremely difficult, if not, impossible. If a wire is inserted and either of the pins 29, 29. 29, 29 forced inwardly, the movement will lock the device instead of unlocking it. In order to pick the lock. it is therefore necessary to force the for proper pins in Wardly and not to force any one of the other pins inwardly. The above description has been limited to a flat key, but it is evident that a barrel key inay be as readily eit ployed, as is shown in Figure 9. In this modification, the member 31 has been extended and re duced in diameter to allow it to fit within the barrel of the barrel key 45. - A consideration of the device disclose. in the drawings will indicate the impossi bility of picking it and, it is evident that, any attempt to force it will still more firmly engage the ring with the locking means. 105 0 1
1,412,800 It is evident that a plurality of key bits may extremities of the pins and the casing cap:- be employed, that they may be at any angle ble of permitting the revolution of a key with respect to each other and the key shank, bit therein, an opening within the casing for and that they may have a wide variety of the introduction of a key, the elements being pin-engaging members, thus allowing of an so positioned that the inward movement of a almost indefinite number of key shapes. key will force the pins and drivers in the I do not limit myself to the particular direction of the key movement, releasing the size, shape, number or arrangement of cylinder for revoluble movement and re parts, as shown and described, all of which silient means whereby the enroval of the O may be varied without going beyond the key will lock the cylinder from revolution. scope of my invention as shown, described 5. In a lock. in combination, a casing. a and claimed. What I claim is:- 'ality of movable pins carried by the cylin : i. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a der, a plurality of divers a litting illion 5 revoluble cylinder, a plurality of movable the pins and retaining the cylinder from pins carried by the cylinder, a plurality of l'evolution, a key-bit chamber between the drivers abutting upon the pins aid 'etain extremities of the pins and the casing capa ing the cylinder in non-revoluble position, ble of permitting the revolition of : key means whereby the inward movement of a bit therein, an opening within the casing for 20 key will move the pins and drivers in the the introduction of a key, the elements being direction of the key movement, releasing the so positioned that the inward movement of cylinder into a revoluble position and a plu a key will force the pins and drivers in the rality of false pins carried by the cylinder, direction of the key movement, releasing the the movement of which, in the direction of cylinder for revoluble movement, resilient the key movement, will lock the cylinder means whereby the removal of the key will from revolution. lock the cylinder from revolution and a plu 2. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a rality of false pins carried by the cylinder, the movement of which, in the direction of the key movement, will lock the cylinder from der, a plurality of drivers abutting upon revolution. - the pins and retaining the cylinder from 6. In a lock, in combinition, a casing. a revolution, a key-bit chamber between the revoluble cylinder within the casing. a plu extremities of the pins and the casing capa ble of permitting the revolution of a key der, a plurality of dri 'i's abutting upon bit therein and an opening within the casing the pins and retaining the cylinder from for the introduction of a key, the elements being so positioned that the inward move revolution, a key-bit chamber between the externities of the pins and the casing capa ment of a key will force the pins and drivers ble of permitting the revolution of a key in the direction of the key movement, re bit therein, an opening within the casing for 40 leasing the cylinder for revoluble move the introduction of a key, the elements being ment. SO positioned that the inward movement of 3. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a a key will force the pins and drivers in the direction of the key movement, releasing the cylinder for revoluble movement, resilient 45 der, a plurality of drive's abutting upon means whereby the removal of the key will the pins and retaining the cylinder from lock the cylinder from revolution, a plural revolution, a key-bit chamber between the ity of false pins carried by the cylinder, the extremities of the pins and the casing capa movement of which, in the direction of the ble of permitting the revolution of a key key movement, will lock the cylinder from bit therein, an opening within the casing for revolution and resilient means whereby the the introduction of a key, the elements being false pins will be returned to a position to so positioned that the inward movement of allow of the revolution of the cylinder. a key will force the pins and drivers in the direction of the key movement, releasing the 7. In a lock, in combination, a casing, an opening within the casing allowing the in 55 cylinder for revoluble movement and a plu troduction of a plurality of key-bits, a cham rality of false pins carried by the cylinder. ber between the casing and movable pins al the movement of which, in the direction of lowing the revolution of the introduced bits the key movement, will lock the cylinder from revolution. and the further introduction through the Opening of other bits in angular planes to the 60 4. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a introduced bits, a revoluble cylinder within the casing, a plurality of movable pins car ried by the cylinder, a plurality of drivers der, a plurality of drivers abutting upon the pins and retaining the cylinder from abutting upon the pins and retaining the cylinder from revolution and means whereby 65 revolution, a key-bit chamber between the a key, having bits positioned in planes angu 8. 70 80 90 95 100 105 10 1.5 l20
5 O - 15. 40 45 50 55 80 65 2. 1,412,600 lar with respect to each other, may be intro sition allowing the revolution of the cylinder duced into the casing and force the pins and and resilient means whereby the removal of drivers into a position allowing the revolu the key will lock the cylinder from revolu tion of the cylinder. tion. - 8. In a lock, in combination, a casing, an 12. In a lock, in combination, a casing, an 70 opening within the casing a lio wing the intro opening within the casing allowing the in duction of a plurality of key-bits, a cham troduction of a plurality of key-bits, a cham ber between the casing and novable pins al ber between the casing and movable pins al lowing the revolution of the introduced bits lowing the revolution of the introduced bits and the further introduction through the and the further introduction through the 75 opening of other bits in angular planes to opening of other bits in angular planes to the introduced bits, it revoluble cylinder the introduced bits, a revoluble cylinder within the casing, a plurality of movable within the casing, a plurality of movable pins carried by the cylinder, a plurality of pins carried by the cylinder, a plurality of di iyeh's a litting to): i.e. ii); aid 'etail risei's abiitting upon he pins and retain 80 ing the cylinder from revolution, a plurality ing the cylinder from revolution, a plurality of false pins carried by the cylinder, the of false pins carried by the cylinder, the movement of which will lock the cylinder movement of which will lock the cylinder from 'evolution and means whereby a key, having bits positioned iii planes angular from revolution, means whereby a key, hav ing bits positioned in planes angular with with respect to each other, may be intro respect to each other, may be introduced into duced into the casing and force the pins and the casing and force the pins and driversinto drivers into a position allowing the revolu a position allowing the revolution of the cyl tion of the cylinder. inder and resilient means whereby the re 9. In a lock, in combination, a casing, an moval of the key will lock the cylinder from 90 opening within the casing allowing the intro revolution. duction of a plurality of key-bits, a cham 13. In a lock. in combination, a casing, a ber between the casing and movable pins al lowing the revolution of the introduced bits and the further introduction through the der, a plurality of driver's abutting upon 95 opening of other bits in angular planes to the pins and retaining the cylinder from the introduced bits, a revoluble cylinder revolution, interlorking means carried is within the casing, a plurality of movable the cylinder, a split ring revoluble through pins carried by the cylinder, a plurality of openings in the casing and capable of lock five is a it iii); iii.); he ins; and 'etail ing with the interlocking cylinder means 00 ing the cylinder from revolution and means whereby a key, having bits positioned in and means whereby the introduction of a key having bits positioned angularly with planes angular with respect to each other, may be introduced into the casing and force!'esect to each other will move the pins and drivers in the direction of the key move the pins and drivers in the direction of the ment allowing of the revolution of the cyl 105 key movement allowing the revolution of the inder and the unlocking of the ring. - cylinder. - 14. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a 10. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a rality of movable pins carried by the cyl indel', a plurality of driver's abutting upon 110 der. a plurality of diiver's a bitting in the pins, and retaining the cylinder from the pins and retaining the cylinder from rev revolution, interlocking means carried by olution, a plurality of false pins carried by the cylinder, a split ring revoluble through the cylinder, the movement of which will openings in the casing and capable of lock lock the cylinder from revolution and means whereby a key, having bits positioned in ing with the interlocking cylinder means, planes angular with respect to each other, means whereby the introduction of a key having bits positioned angularly with re may be introduced into the casing and force spect to each other will move the pins and the pins and drivers in the direction of the key movement allowing the revolution of the drivers in the direction of the key mi e ment allowing of the revolution of the civ 20 cylinder... ' inder and the unlocking of the ring an a 11. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a plurality of false pins carried by the cyl inder, the movement of which in the direc der, a plurality of diver's abutting upon tion of the key movement, will lock he cyl inder from revolution. the pins and retaining the cylinder from rev olution, means whereby a key, having bits 15. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a positioned in planes angular with respect to each other, may be introduced into the cas der, a plurality of drivers abutting upon ing and force the pins and drivers into a po the pins and retaining the cylinder from 1
O 15 20 1,412,600 revolution, interlocking means carried by spect to each other will move the pins and the cylinder, a split ring revoluble through drivers in the direction of the key move openings in the casing and capable of lock ment allowing of the revolution of the cyl ing with the interlocking cylinder means, a inder and the unlocking of the ring and re plurality of false pins carried by the cyl silient means whereby the removal of the inder, the movement of which will lock the key will lock the cylinder from revolution. cylinder from revolution and means where 17. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a by a key having bits positioned angularly with respect to each other, having angularly rality of movable pins carried by the cyl positioned bits, may be introduced into the inder, a plurality of drive's abutting upon casing and force the pins and drivers in the the pins and retaining the cylinder from direction of the key movement allowing the revolution, interlocking means carried by revolution of the cylinder. the cylinder, a split ring revoluble through 16. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a openings in the casing and capable of lock ing with the interlocking cylinder means rality of movable pins carried by the cyl and a plurality of false pins carried by the indel', a plurality of drivers abutting upon cylinder, the movement of which in the di the pins and retaining the cylinder from rection of the movement of an introduced revolution, interlocking means carried by key will lock the cylinder from revolution. the cylinder, a split ring revoluble through Signed at New York city in the county openings in the casing and capable of lock of New York and State of New York this ing with the interlocking cylinder means, 11th day of July, 1921. means whereby the introduction of a key. having bits positioned angularly with re GUISEPPE. J. BAUMISTARK. 40 45