University of Jordan School of Engineering Mechatronics Engineering Department 0908464 09
The University of Jordan School of Engineering MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT EXPERIMENT N0. 1 Introduction to Automation Studio Modified & Revised By: Eng. Rasha Noufal / 2017 EXPERIMENTS Experiments No. Experiments Name Page No. Exp. No. 1 Introduction to Automation Studio Program Exp. No. 2 Pneumatic Control of a Double-acting Cylinder Exp. No. 3 Electro pneumatics Control Technology Exp. No. 4 Introduction to Hydraulic Trainer Exp. No. 5 Sequential control of a 2 double acting cylinder Exp. No. 6 Electro pneumatics Sequential control of a 2 double acting cylinder Exp. No. 7 Regenerative and Parallel Circuits Exp. No. 8 Pneumatic sequential control of a 3 double acting cylinder Exp. No. 9 Electro pneumatic sequential control of a 3 double acting cylinder Exp. No. 10 Hydraulic Motor Circuit Page2
University Of Jordan School of Engineering Mechatronics Engineering Department Experiments No.1 Introduction to Automation Studio Modified & Revised By: Eng. Rasha Noufal / 2017 Objective: Students develop a hydraulic and pneumatic circuit in Automation Studio. The student should be able to build the circuit using Automation Studio and try different loads in order to realize its effect on the system performance. Introduction Automation Studio is a design, animation and simulation software tool. It was created for the automation industry, specifically to fulfill engineering, training, and testing requirements. Automation Studio is a simulation software package into which various modules may be plugged. Each module, also called a workshop, includes a component library with which you can create different types of circuits such as hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, etc. These can be created by themselves or combined with other circuit types. - Starting Automation Studio: Double click on the Automation Studio icon on your desktop, the main window of Automation Studio. - To create a new project: Choose File New Project. Click on the ok button to create the new project. - Creating a Diagram: to create a new diagram choose File New Diagram the Diagram Templates dialog box opens on the screen, Click ok. Page3
- Page Setup Branch: The workspace corresponds to the available space for the creation of a diagram. Several parameters are associated the work page. For example, you can select its orientation and size, you can also add additional elements to your diagram such as a frame, etc. - Layout of elements within a Diagram: layout of components and use of library, the selection of a component to insert within a diagram is done from library. Library Explorer offers a wide variety of hydraulic, pneumatic, control command components, etc. It allows the selection of all necessary elements for the construction of a functional circuit. To display or hide the Library Explorer, do the following: Select Windows from Manu bar Display Library Explorer OR ( Press the F9 Key to open it ). Insertion of a component is followed by opening of its component properties dialog box. The components properties allow the user to define behavior parameters of the component within a diagram. Properties may relate to the components in and out sizes, to its internal behavior, or its dimensions. - To insert a component within your diagram: 1- If the Library Explorer is not opened, press the F9 key to open it. The Library Explorer window opens. 2- Select the specific library by clicking on its tab. 3- Click on the workshop of your choice in the workshop list. Page4
The list of available categories from the selected workshop open. 4- Click on the category containing the specific component you wish to use. The components list opens in the symbol windows. 5- Click on the symbol without releasing the button. The components symbol is highlighted. 6- Slide the pointer to the location where you wish to insert the symbol. 7- Release the button. The symbol is set on the diagram. 8- If the components properties dialog box opens, define its parameters. 9- Click on the Apply button, then on the close button. Parameters defined for this component are now validated. To show the displayable properties on the diagram, refer to the symbols Displayed information. Layout of Links: Links, just like electrical wire or circuit lines, allow the joining of components. To set up a link: 1- Click on one of the symbols connection ports. 2- Click in different location on the diagram to create elbows thus avoiding going over other elements already in place. 3- Release the mouse button when you reach the second connection port. The link is established between the two components. 4- Repeat step 1 through 3 for each link you wish to insert. It is not necessary to reselect the link tool. 5- To stop drawing links, click at anytime and anywhere in the diagram with the right mouse button. - Verifying Connections: The Verify Connections command from the tool menu allows the user to identify which link or a component has free connectors. To verify the status of connectors: 1- If connectors are hidden, display them by choosing View Connection Ports. 2- Choose Tools Verify Connections. If one or more connectors in the diagram are free, the messages windows open. Every free connector and unlinked component is automatically selected in order to easily identify them. - Simulation: The simulation is the goal of a project or a diagram. It allows, among other thing, to test, verify, view, and troubleshoot the modelization with diagrams. To simulate the current Project: 1- Choose Simulation Project. 2- Choose a simulation speed from the simulation menu. Page5
Part one: Control of a Double Acting Cylinder To understand how a double acting cylinder can be controlled using a four-way directional valve. 1- Flow rate: is the volume of fluid passing a point in a given period of time. Metric units: Flow rate = Velocity Area 2 (I/min) (cm/min) (cm ) 1000. English units: Flow rate = Velocity Area 2 (gal(us)/min) (in/min) (in ) 231 2-Velocity: is the average speed of a particle of fluid past a given point. 3-Flow rate and rod speed: The speed at which a cylinder rod moves is determined by how fast the pump can fill the volume behind the cylinder piston. The speed of cylinder rod (V) is calculated by dividing the oil flow rate (Q) by the piston area (A) being acted upon. Piston area (A) Rod speed (V) = Flow rate (Q) Extension speed Metric units: V (cm/s) Af (cm2) 60. = Q (l/min) 1000 English units: Af (in2) 60 V (in/s) = Q (gal (US) /min) 231 A = π r 2 f = π D 2 /4 Page6
Retraction speed Metric units: V (cm/s) A a ( cm2) 60. = Q (l/min) 1000 English units: V (in/s) = Q (gal (US) /min) Aa (in2) 60 231 = ( D 2 -d 2 ) π / 4 A a = ( π D 2 /4 )- ( π d 2 /4 ) 4- Pascal's Law: Pascal's Law states that pressure applied on a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all direction, and acts with equal force on equal areas, and at right angles to them. The generated pressure is equal to the force applied to the top of the stopper divided by the area of the stopper. Metric units: Area 2 (cm ) English units: Area 2 (in ) Pressure (KPa) = Force (N) 10. Pressure (Psi) = Force (lb) Page7
Part two: Build the circuit using Automation Studio After you have been introduced to the variant blocks of the Automation Studio, You are now ready to build Schematic diagram in Fig. Fig.1 Double Acting Cylinder Control Circuit Fig.2 Regenerative Circuit Page8
Fig.3 Regenerative Circuit NOTE: The components settings and dimensions are as following: Relief valve setting at 1500 psi piston area = 20 in2 rode area = 10 in2 stroke length = 50 in pump flow = 25 gpm pump speed = 1200 rpm. Page9
University Of Jordan School of Engineering Mechatronics Engineering Department Experiments No.1 Introduction to Automation Studio Modified & Revised By: Eng. Rasha Noufal / 2017 In class Lab Report Date: Section: Group's Names: 1-2- 3-4- Part three: Procedure Q1: Brief description of how the above circuits work. Q2: Calculate the extracting and retracting cylinder speeds in both cases (normal and regenerative)? Comment on the results. Q3: Calculate the maximum load that can be attached to the cylinder in both cases? Comment on the results. Q4: What is the purpose of a regenerative circuit? (Use equations to explain that). Page10
University Of Jordan School of Engineering Mechatronics Engineering Department Experiments No.1 Basic Circuits Modified & Revised By: Eng. Rasha Noufal / 2017 Objective: Students Develop, connection and operation of simple, practical hydraulic and pneumatic circuit in Automation Studio. The student should be able to describe the operation of a directional control valve. Introduction Hydraulic and pneumatic systems perform a variety of tasks, ranging from very simple to the very complex. Controlling cylinder is one of the most important aspects of hydraulics and pneumatics. For example, two cylinders may be required to operate at the same speed, or a cylinder may need to extend rapidly under no load conditions. Automation Studio is a design, animation and simulation software tool. It was created for the automation industry, specifically to fulfill engineering, training, and testing requirements. Part one: Hydraulic Cylinder Sequence Circuit To understand the sequence circuit and to know how build such circuit using Automation Studio. Operation of a basic hydraulic circuit: A hydraulic circuit is a path for Oil to flow through hoses and components. 1- The reservoir holds the oil 2- The pump (pushes) the oil, attempting to make it flow through the circuit. 3- The directional control valve allows the operator to manually control the oil flow to the cylinder. Page11
4- The cylinder converts fluid energy into linear mechanical power. 5- The relief valve limits system pressure to a safe level by allowing oil to flow directly from pump back to the reservoir when pressure at the pump output reaches a certain level. Build the circuit using Automation Studio: After you have been introduced to the variant components of the hydraulic system, you are now ready to build Schematic diagram in Fig. using Automation Studio. Fig.1 Hydraulic Sequence Circuit NOTE: The components settings and dimensions are as following: Relief valve setting at 1500 psi For both cylinder: piston area = 20 in2 rode area = 10 in2 stroke length = 50 in pump flow = 25 gpm pump speed = 1200 rpm. Page12
Part two: Parallel and Series cylinder Circuits To show how two identical cylinders can be synchronized by piping them in parallel and series. Moreover, this lab is aimed at providing the students with ideas on how to change the cylinders specifications in order to synchronize the motion of two cylinders connected in series. Build the circuit using Automation Studio: After you have been introduced to the variant components of the hydraulic system, you are now ready to build Schematic diagram in Fig. using Automation Studio. Fig.2 Parallel Cylinder Circuit Fig.3 Series Cylinder Circuit Page13
Part three: Meter-in vs. Meter-out Flow Control Valve System Flow Control Valves (FCVs) are used in industry for cylinder speed control. Therefore, the aim of this experiment is to illustrate the circuit for meter-in and meter-out speed control as well as the difference between them. A flow control valve as an adjustable resistance to flow that operates very much like a faucet. By adjusting the resistance, or opening, of this valve, you can modify the rate of oil flow to a cylinder and, therefore, the speed of its piston rod. Flow control circuits: There are two ways to meter the oil flow in order to control the speed of a cylinder, which are: meter-in and meter-out. With the meter-in method, the flow control valve is connected in series between the pump and the cylinder, as figure 4 shows. It restricts the working oil flow to the cylinder. The extra flow delivered by the pump is drained back to the reservoir through the relief valve. With the meter-out method, the flow control valve is connected in series between the cylinder and the reservoir, as figure 5 shows. It restricts the flow away from the cylinder. The extra flow delivered by the pump is drained back to the reservoir through the relief valve. Build the circuit using Automation Studio: After you have been introduced to the variant components of the hydraulic system, you are now ready to build Schematic diagram in Fig. using Automation Studio. Fig.3 Meter-in speed control of hydraulic cylinder during extending stroke Page14
Fig.4 Meter-out speed control of hydraulic cylinder during extending stroke NOTE: The components settings and dimensions are as following: Relief valve setting at 2000 psi piston diameter = 6 in rode diameter = 2 in stroke length = 50 in pump displacement = 0.026 g/rev pump speed = 1800 rpm FCV diameter = 0.09 in. Page15
University Of Jordan School of Engineering Mechatronics Engineering Department Experiments No.1 Basic Circuits Modified & Revised By: Eng. Rasha Noufal / 2017 In class Lab Report Date: Section: Group's Names: 1-2- 3-4- 5- Part one: Hydraulic Cylinder Sequence Circuit Q1: Brief description of how the circuits Fig.1 work. Q2: Calculate the maximum load that can be attached to the cylinder? Comment on the results. Page16
Part two: Parallel and Series cylinder Circuits Q1: Brief description of how the above circuits work. Q2: For the series cylinder circuit, what pump pressure is required if the cylinder loads are 5000 lb each and cylinder 1 has a piston area of 10 in 2? Part three: Meter-in vs. Meter-out Flow Control Valve System Q1: What are the stroke speeds in both cases at 10%,50%,80% and 100% FCV opening? Q2:Design a meter-in and meter-out control circuit of hydraulic cylinder during retracting stroke. The following data are given: Desired speed = 10 in/s. Cylinder piston diameter = 2 in. Cylinder load: 4000 lb. PRV setting= 1000 psi. Page17
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