POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS I Assistant Professor Suna BOLAT Office: ee 106 Phone: 366 2197
Power engineering POWER ENGINEERING = The power to transform and restore
A reflection on technology Despite its limitations and dangers, technology can alleviate in part the bind in which humankind naturally finds itself. Appropriate technology can increase life s possibilities, decrease physical burdens and difficulties at work, and free people from routine activities while opening the door to all kinds of mental creative labor. Natural disasters can be averted, illness overcome, and, in a certain sense, with the aid of electronics and microprocessors, the deaf can hear, the blind can see, and the lame walk again. Technology development can provide a degree of social security, and increase available information so as to extend and deepen communications. Adapted from Perspectives on Technology and Culture, by Egbert Schuurman
Course instructions My objective is to provide you with a learning environment in which you will learn the fundamentals of power systems. My approach is to encourage the student to learn how to learn. To take ownership of the learning process: Initiative, involvement, interactive participation are the keys to an effective learning experience. Please keep me informed if you do not feel that I have been successful in this goal. Do not wait until evaluation time to express your frustration ;) I want to listen to your concerns or difficulties with the material, and am always available to help you outside the classroom.
Course organization WEEK DESCRIPTION 1 Real and reactive power in single and three-phase circuits; Complex power 2 Balanced three-phase circuits, per-unit quantities, one-line diagrams 3 The ideal transformer, equivalent circuit of a transformer, three-phase transformers 4 Per-unit impedances in transformer circuits, Three-phase synchronous machines 5 Synchronous reactance, equivalent circuits, real and reactive power control 6 Short transmission lines 7 MIDTERM EXAM WEEK 8 Medium length transmission lines, Long transmission line theory 9 Equivalent network of a long line, power flow 10 Transients in transmission lines 11 Branch and node admittances, mutually coupled branches 12 Modification of Y bus, the network incidence matrix 13 Node elimination, bus admittance and impedance matrices 14 Thevenin's theorem and Z bus Power flow analysis, solution of power flow equations, The Gauss-Seidel, The Newton- 15 Raphson method, regulating transformers
Grading Homework 15 % Quiz 10 % Midterm Exam 25 % Lab. Work 20 % Final Exam 30 %
Electrical energy Thermal energy Mechanical energy Electrical energy
Advantageous it is easy to measure and control it can be used for a variety of purposes it can be converted efficiently from different primary sources it has high thermodynamic quality (i.e., it can be converted to mechanical or thermal energy with a high efficiency) it can be transmitted and distributed with reasonably low losses
Disadvantageous Dangerous to human health Difficult to store the production of electric power needs to be controlled at each instant to match the rate of power consumption
Timeline of electricity time event 600 B.C. Thales wrote about amber becoming charged by rubbing -static electricity. 1600 English scientist, William Gilbert first coined the term "electricity" from the Greek word for amber. 1733 Charles Francois du Fay discovered that electricity comes in two forms which he called resinous(-)and vitreous(+). 1745 Dutch physicist, Pieter van Musschenbroek invented the "Leyden Jar" the first electrical capacitor. 1747 Benjamin Franklin experiments with static charges in the air and theorized about the existence of an electrical fluid that could be composed of particles
Timeline of electricity time event 1752 Benjamin Franklin invented the lightening rod he demonstrated lightning was electricity. 1800 First electric battery was invented by Alessandro Volta. 1816 First energy utility in US was founded. 1820 Relationship of electricity and magnetism was confirmed by Hans Christian Oersted following his observation that electrical currents effected the needle on a compass Marie Ampere discovered that a coil of wires acted like a magnet when a current is passed thorough it. 1821 Faraday constructed the first electric motor 1826 Ohm s law 1827 Joseph Henry's electromagnetic experiments lead to the concept of electrical inductance. Joseph Henry built one of the first electrical motors.
Timeline of electricity time event 1879 First commercial power station opened in San Francisco Thomas Edison demonstrated his incandescent lamp. 1882 Edison s Pearl Street Station. 1883 Transformer was invented. 1888 Nicola Tesla invented rotating field AC alternator 1897 Electron was discovered by J. J. Thomson. 1900 Highest voltage transmission line 60 Kilovolt. 1953 First 345 Kilovolt transmission line. First nuclear power station ordered. 1954 First high voltage direct current (HVDC) line (20 megawatts, 96 Km).
Electrical energy consumption 2008 Worldwide final energy consumption Other includes geothermal, solar, wind, etc.
Transmission&distribution Source: wikipedia
Single line diagram in TRNC
Cyprus electric network structure
North cyprus electric network structure