Veridian s Perspectives of Distributed Energy Resources Falguni Shah, M. Eng., P. Eng Acting Vice President, Operations March 09, 2017
Distributed Energy Resources
Where we were and where we are planning to go For decades, power was something the average person did not think much about...until it went out. And then it was all you thought about...until it came back. Not any more Unidirectional power flow from big generators to end users via transmission and distribution network Very limited distributed generation (local power generation at consumer end). Distributed energy generation - solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, CHP etc. Power flow within utility grid is becoming bi-directional This is a big change from the way we were doing our traditional business
Where we were and where we are planning to go Our entire livelihoods depend on requiring electricity to be on all the time Our grid need major changes to keep up To meet energy demand growth, either we need more energy plants or we need to be smarter about how we use energy, The smart grid/ micro grid will help us manage our grid better, meet customer expectations and accommodate clean renewable energy sources efficiently
Where we were and where we are planning to go
Rational behind Microgrid Pilot Project Microgrid : Various Types of Generation Sources can be connected within a facility or campus and they work in synchronism with utility distribution grid Microgrid is becoming a norm for distribution system. Universities, Community complexes, Industrial plants, military bases, subdivisions etc., will connect as a microgrid to our distribution system. Learn about new trends before customers implement it Veridian can ensure replicability of similar projects throughout the province and country Study microgrid as a new business opportunity rather than a competitor Net zero community and virtual power plant
Veridian Microgrid Model Various sources of distributed generation, electric vehicle, stationary battery storage and grid can all work together. Effect of electrical vehicle on the grid DC fast charging AC level II charging stations DG as a part of tomorrow s Social energy network Solar Carport Wind Generation
Veridian Microgrid Model Stationary storage as a buffer for EV charging effects on the grid of tomorrow Storage has ability to participate in the Veridian power mix, Can support fast draw s of DC EV charging Measure how stationary storage can help support communities of the future SCADA integration of Microgrid controller is a unique technology to Veridian Microgrid software platform (Controller) unique to Veridian
This custom built solar carport used the latest monocrystaline solar panels. It generates up to 10 kw of electricity on a bright, sunny day and about 50 kwh per day or enough to power two homes. Level 2 Electric Vehicle Chargers are designed to plug into a home. They can charge a typical EV in 5 8 hours. Level 3 DC Fast Chargers are designed for commercial properties. They can charge a typical EV in 30 minutes. Electric vehicles further reduce the carbon footprint by using either solar or grid electricity
Electric vehicles further reduce the carbon footprint by using electricity from either solar or grid Solar panels generate electricity to power the home or charge the batteries (excess energy can go back to grid) Batteries can store energy in order to provide demand response, peak shaving, maximize use of clean electricity, and emergency backup power Inverter converts DC electricity to AC electricity needed by the home
One Powerwall (Gen I) can store 6.4 kwh of energy. Enough to power essential appliances like a refrigerator, some lights and computers The SolarEdge inverter converts DC electricity from the battery and solar panels to power the home. The Auto Transformer provides the necessary voltage the home needs during an outage. The DC Disconnect is used to isolate the solar and battery during servicing and maintenance The Disconnect Switch is used to isolate the system when utilities need to service their equipment. It is also used as a switch during an outage.
Solar Energy Management Conceptual Drawing
Solar Energy Management Conceptual Drawing
Cost of Electricity Time of Day Battery discharges during high cost periods Battery is charged during low cost periods Home Energy Usage Breakfast Sunlight Dinner Time of Day Solar Panels charge the battery during daylight hours
Construction Progress..
Microgrid Implementation Key challenges Drivers for smart grid development and deployments are multifaceted, there are no cookie-cutter solutions The drivers are often created by local, regional and/or national priorities drivers for advanced economies can differ from those of developing ones Motivations are also influenced by a variety of factors in the larger macrosystem, Standards Technologies policies
Veridian s Perspectives of DER The proliferation of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) such as distributed solar, wind, battery storage, electric vehicle chargers, etc., is having a profound effect on the utility industry. This is an opportunity as well as challenge for existing business models, as well as the stability of an aging grid For Local Distribution Companies new perspective and will be a game-changer for new utility model
Veridian s Perspectives of DER Shift from Centralized generation system to distributed generation The industry is moving towards an electric power system in the form of a restructured energy internet, where energy can come from anywhere and be connected everywhere. Local Distribution Companies (LDCs) will evolve from wires and pole companies, to distribution energy services providers or Independent Distribution System Operators (IDSO) Supporting a vibrant multi-sided network for DERs. Power flow will be multi-directional and managed amongst a large number of active energy participants. DER operations will not be managed passively or solely via direct controls. Instead, multi-way negotiated controls will be enabled between DERs and the grid services platform. The value of DERs will reflect full electric system benefits (grid and customer), and will be dynamic, locational, and real time Promotes delivery of the right energy, in the right place, at the right time, with the desired price and reliability.
Veridian s Perspectives of DER Transactive energy refers to the economic and control techniques used to manage the flow or exchange of energy within an existing electric power system in regards to economic and market based standard values of energy. It is a concept that is used in an effort to improve the efficiency and reliability of the power system, pointing towards a more intelligent and interactive future for the energy industry. Transactive energy promotes a network environment for DER as opposed to the traditional hierarchical grid structure. The network structure allows for communication such that all levels of energy generation and consumption are able to interact with one another, a concept that is also known as interoperability. In transactive energy, interoperability refers to the ability of involved systems to connect and exchange energy information while maintaining workflow and utility constraints.
Veridian s Perspectives of DER Distributed energy resources (DER) on the distribution network are from disparate sources and subject to great uncertainty. The electricity consumption of individual consumers is also of great uncertainty when they respond to the real-time pricing and rewarding policies (Demand Response, Time of Use, etc. ) of LDCs for economic benefits. When the demand Response Management (DRM) application attempts to accomplish load relief in response to a request from the IESO, it will need to verify from the Distribution Management System (DMS/ADMS) that the DRM load relief will not result in any distribution network connectivity, operation, or protection violations. The high penetration of DERs will require the load flow algorithm to deal with multiple, incremental, and isolated supply sources with limited capacities, as well as a network topology that is no longer radial or is weakly meshed. In a faulted condition, the distributed generation will also contribute to the short-circuit currents, adding to the complexity of the traditional short circuit analysis.
Veridian s Perspectives of DER LDCs today typically rely on historical information to determine worst-case scenarios of maximum distributed generation and minimum load, in order to develop operational plans which ensure reliable operation of the grid. These plans evaluate additional DER connection impacts to the grid to determine grid operating parameters. As penetration increases, the distributed and variable/intermittent nature of DERs may lead to two-way power flow, and cause grid operating parameters to exceed standards for reliability and safety. The result is an ever-increasing complexity in planning and operation of the grid. No load growth environment for LDC due to DER. LDC investment need is new regulatory policies. LDC system operators to be trained for new environment.