D.J.Kulkarni, Deputy Director, ARAI

D.J.Kulkarni, Deputy Director, ARAI

Why advanced ITS and Safety Systems? Building Ideal Vehicles Safer & More comfortable

Why Advanced ITS & Safety Systems? contd. Insert Road Accident Deaths graph from Toyota Presentation

Why Advanced safety systems? contd. Road accidents continuously rising all over the world India accounts for 6% of world deaths though it has just 1% of vehicle population About 90,000 deaths every year in India due to road accidents

Safe Vehicles Stages of accidents Roles of 3 elements Safe Driving Accident avoidance Collision prediction Active Safety Human Vehicle Accident Enviro nment Occupant Protection Pedestrian Protection Occupant rescue Passive Safety Human Vehicle Enviro nment

How do we achieve safety? Extensive use of electronic, information and communication technologies To devise solutions to problems which automobiles have created- emission and safety.

Basic functions of vehicle: Traveling Stopping & Turning ITS (Intelligent Transport System) increases vehicle functionality

Vehicle Functionality Increasing vehicle functionality means Advancing Information Service Functions that integrates vehicles with telecommunication systems & Driving Assist Functions that use communication and sensing technologies to create intelligent vehicles.

Advancement of Information Service Functions Information Service Functions add to basic vehicle functions of traveling, stopping and turning the function of Connecting the vehicles to the Society at large by use of communication and sensing technologies Since traffic safety cannot be ensured by just by controlling individual vehicles BUT interaction of individual vehicles with the entire traffic

Information Service Functions Information Service Functions include Car Navigation and Telematics Vehicle Security Route Search Operator Service

Car Navigation Advanced Car Navigation Systems include Road Maps Suggestions on routes based on past statistical data and driving histories Real time information on traffic congestion, accidents, traffic restrictions, parking, etc. Predicting required travel time

Telematics Advanced telematics to realize the harmonious coexistence of vehicles and society Route guidance to avoid traffic congestion using advanced technologies to predict road traffic conditions On demand entertainment system Emergency call Service tying up with Police and Fire Service Car security to track vehicle thefts

Driving Assist Functions Operation assist Judgment assist Sense assist Intelligent Parking System VDIM Cruise Pre Crash AFS Front & Control Side Monitoring VSC Radar Cruise Control Night View Blind Corner Monitoring

Driving Assist Functions Source: Renault

Driving Assist Functions Night View Intelligent Parking Assist Lane keeping Assist Pre Crash Safety Systems Driver monitoring systems Rear Pre Crash safety systems Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management Radar Cruise Control with all speed tracking function

Night View System supports driver s vision at night Near infrared light to display road surface, fallen objects, pedestrians, etc. Display on lower part of the windshield

Different views of low beam, main beam and active night vision with infrared light source. HIGH BEAM NIGHT VISION RANGE LOW BEAM

Adaptive Front Lighting System

Full AFS, Application AL: Adverse weather Lighting function 100 m BL :Bending Lighting function CL :Country road Lighting function ML:Motorway Lighting function 50 m TL :Town Lighting function others (e.g. DRL) may be incorporated 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m 8 m ML CL TL TL+BL TL+AL Motorway Country Town

Night vision using Infra Red camera Pedestrian

Scene of a night ride with night vision system, which projects the recorded picture onto the windscreen Scene of a night ride without night vision system

Intelligent Parking Assist Ultrasonic sensors used to detect parking space Driver can park the car without any steering operation, just using brakes

Lane keeping Assist Function Lane deviation Alarm Alerts driver with a buzzer and display Applies a small counter steering force to keep it in lane

Lane keeping assist function contd. Lane keeping assist Constantly applies a small counter steering force to help vehicle stay in the middle of the road

Pre Crash Safety High performance radar at the front to detect vehicles and obstacles Stereo Camera capturing 3 dimensionally objects positions and distance from the vehicle Near infrared projector rays to detect objects at night

Pre Crash Safety System Configuration Collision Determination ECU Driver Monitoring Camera Stereo Camera Pre Crash Brake Pre Crash Seat Belt Suspension Control Steering Control Millimeter wave Radar Near- Infrared Ray Projection with Lamp

Driver Monitoring system Detection of Facial Width Detection of Position Facial Features Computation of Facial Center Computation of degree of Direction in which Driver s face is looking based on Detection of Left side & Right side of the face. Camera mounted on steering column & image processing computer is used to detect the directions of driver s face. If the system detects that the driver is not facing forward when there is possibility of a collision, it will warn the driver more rapidly than if the driver was facing forward.

Driver Monitoring system Warns the driver with Buzzer & Warning Light. If driver still does not react, then driver is physically warned through application of pre crash brakes.

Rear Pre Crash Safety Radar in the rear bumper detects Hazard warning flash if system determines possibility of collision. If system determines further possibility of collision, automatic activation of front seat pre crash intelligent head rest shifted to appropriate position to reduce whiplash injuries.

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Evolution of VDIM : 1995 1987 1971

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Advanced system achieving, Ideal Vehicle Dynamics High level of active safety through integrated control of various vehicle functions, like engine, brakes & steering, which used to be controlled separately. VDIM integrates all the functions Aims to deliver total safety without sacrifying the joy of Driving by maximising wheel performance in normal & extreme conditions

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) VSC : Applies large force after vehicle becomes unstable VDIM : Control begins before the vehicle loses stability. Smooth & Seamless

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Vehicle without Stability Control Vehicle with Stability Control ( VSC )

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Contd. Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM )

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Contd. VDIM : Control begins before the vehicle loses stability VSC Control VDIM Control VSC : Applies large force after vehicle becomes unstable

Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management ( VDIM ) Contd. Steering Angle Sensor Brake Pedal Stroke Sensor Braking Hydraulic Pressure Sensor ECB Actuator ECB ECU VGRS Actuator Steering Torque Sensor EPS Actuator EPS ECU Engine ECU Wheel Speed Sensor Sensor Yaw Rate Acceleration Sensor

Radar Cruise Control with All Speed Tracking Function

Radar Cruise Control with All Speed Tracking Function Cruise Control Cruise Control Tracking Mode Tracking Mode Stop

Passive Safety Systems Steering Wheels & Driver Airbag Seatbelt Electronics Active Restraint System

Active Control Retractor Advantages of ACR Contribute to driver stabilization. Take seat belt slack according with driving conditions (sensing through VSC & ABS). Improve Occupant position, before collision and roll over. Reversible pre-tensioning.

Rollover Protection Enhancement ECU Inflator Roll-Over/Canopy Ejection mitigated for all roll scenarios. Head strike through mitigated during extended (7 seconds) roll.

With information technologies vehicles become more and more intelligent. Vehicle designers challenge How not to do over-controlling the vehicle How not to do over-controlling the vehicle which will eliminate the thrill and fun of driving

THANK YOU.